Announcements. Midterm next week in recitation Ch. 1 6 No quiz in recitation this week. Read Ch. 7 this week. Ch 7 HW not due till NEXT Friday.

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1 Announcements Midterm next week in recitation Ch. 1 6 No quiz in recitation this week Read Ch. 7 this week. Ch 7 HW not due till NEXT Friday.

2 Study Suggestions Work HW practice problems as if they were exam problems. Discover what you need on your index card. Other exam problems are on my website.

3 Outline Conservative and Nonconservative forces. Potential energy. Worked problems.

4 Two marbles, one twice as heavy as the other are dropped from the same height at the same time. Just before hitting the ground the heavier marble has A. As much kinetic energy as the lighter one. B. Twice as much kinetic energy as the lighter one. C. Half as much kinetic energy as the lighter one. D. Four times as much kinetic energy as the lighter one. E. Impossible to determine.

5 Conservative Forces let you get the work you put in back. Gravity Spring forces Electrical forces Non conservative forces just make you tired Friction Air drag

6 The total work done by a conservative force over ANY closed path is zero. F d r=0 The work done by a conservative force depends only on where the path begins and ends. B W= F d r A

7 The potential energy change for conservative force is the negative of the work done by that force on an object moving from point A to B. B U = W = F d r AB AB A

8 W= F r 2 r 1 r 2 W= r 1 F r d r

9 K=W net K=W Conservative W NonConservative K= U W NC K U=W NC If working only with conservative forces K f U f =K i U i

10 The two ramps shown are both frictionless, and the heights y 1 and y 2 are the same for each ramp.if a block of mass m is released from rest at the left-hand end of each ramp, which block arrives at the right-hand end with the greater speed? A. The block on the curved track. B. The block on the straight track. C. Both blocks arrive at the right-hand end with the same speed. D. The answer depends on the shape of the curved track.

11 Sliding downhill Find the speed of mass m after it slides down a hill of length L. m L L m θ θ Repeat problem including friction.

12 A block initially at rest is allowed to slide down a frictionless ramp and attains a speed v at the bottom. The block is again started from rest on a different ramp and now achieves a speed of 2v at the bottom. How many times higher is the second ramp than the first? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 6

13 You toss a kg baseball straight upward so that it leaves your hand moving at 20.0 m/s. The ball reaches a maximum height y 2. What is the speed of the ball when it is at a height of y 2 /2? Ignore air resistance. A m/s B. less than 10.0 m/s but more than zero C. more than 10.0 m/s D. not enough information given to decide

14 Figure 7.7

15 P ave = W t P ave t=w 1000 W 3600s=1kW h 6-67 How much power is needed to push a 50 kg chest at 0.8 m/s along a horizontal floor where the coefficient of friction is 0.25? Express your answer using two significant figures. How much work is done in pushing the chest 13 m? Clicker Estimate your power consumption as you do deep knee-bends at 1 /second 6-40 In midday sunshine, solar energy strikes Earth at the rate of about 1 ( kw/m^2). (a) How long would it take a perfectly efficient solar collector of 15 m^2 area to collect 40 kw- h of energy? Note: This is roughly the energy content in a gallon of gasoline A 300-g paperback book rests on a 1.2-kg textbook. A force is applied to the textbook, and the two books accelerate together from rest to 1 m/s in 0.5 s. The textbook is then brought to a stop in 0.33 s, during which time the paperback slides off. Within what range does the coefficient of static friction between the two books lie?

16 A. 5 N B. 10 N C. 15 N D. 25 N E. 50 N

17 A. 100 N B. 200 N C. 500 N D N E N

18 Suppose you want to ride your mountain bike up a steep hill. Two paths lead from the bottom to the top, one twice as long as the other. Compared to the average force you would exert if you took the short path, the average force you exert along the longer path is A. Four times as small B. Three times as small C. Half as small D. The same E. Undetermined It depends on the time taken.

19 U The graph shows the potential energy U for a particle that moves along the x-axis. The particle is initially at x = x 4 and moving in the negative x-direction. At which of the labeled points does the particle have the greatest speed? O x 2 x 1 A. at x = x 1 B. at x = x 2 x 3 x 4 x C. at x = x 3 D. at x = x 4 E. more than one of the above

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