Pressure drop due to viscosity in a round pipe of radius R is given by the Poiseuille equation: P L. = 8η v R 2

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Pressure drop due to viscosity in a round pipe of radius R is given by the Poiseuille equation: P L. = 8η v R 2"

Transcription

1 PHY 302 K. Solutions for Problem set # 12. Textbook problem 10.55: Pressure drop due to viscosity in a round pipe of radius R is given by the Poiseuille equation: P L 8η v R 2 8ηF πr 4 (1) where η is viscosity of the fluid, F is the volumetric flow rate, and v F/πR 2 is the average velocity of the flow. Human aorta has approximately round cross-section. In healthy adults, its diameter varies between about 2 and 3.5 cm; for this exercise, we use 2R 2.4 cm (i.e., R 1.2 cm) from the textbook example (page 269). The blood flow through aorta depends on what the person is doing (resting or exercising); for this exercise we take v 40 cm/s F πr 2 v 180 cm 3 /s 11 L/min. (2) from the same textbook example Finally, the viscosity of whole blood at body temperature is η Pa s (from table 10 3 on page 275 of the textbook). Plugging all these data into the Poiseuille equation (1), we get P L 8( Pa s)(0.4 m/s) (0.012 m) 2 90 Pa/m 0.9 Pa/cm. (3) Note: over the whole length of the aorta about 50 cm the blood pressure drop due to viscosity is only 45 Pa or 1/3 of a millimeter of mercury. Textbook problem 10.58: Squeezing blood through a thin needle requires a pressure difference: the blood pressure in the tube connected to the needle should be higher than the blood pressure in the patient s vein. Specifically, according to Poiseuille equation (1), we need P P tube P vein 8ηFL πr 4 (4) where R is the inner diameter of the needle, L is its length, η is the viscosity of blood, and F is the desired flow rate. For the needle in question, L 4.0 cm and 2R 0.40 mm, we 1

2 want F 4.0 cm 3 /min cm 3 /s, and the blood viscosity is η Pa s (from textbook table 10 3). Therefore, P 8( Pa s)(0.067 cm 3 /2)(4.0 cm) π(0.040 cm/2) kpa. (5) To create this pressure difference, the bottle of donor s blood is raised above the needle, which creates the hydrostatic pressure P tube near needle P bottle + ρgh (6) where ρ 1050 kg/m 3 is the density of blood (from table 10 1 on page 256 of the textbook). The bottle is made of very soft plastic, so the pressure inside it is equal to the atmospheric pressure, P bottle P atm. Consequently, the gauge pressure in the tube near the needle is P gauge tube P tube P atm ρgh. (7) To be precise, we should correct this formula by the Bernoulli term 1 2 ρv2 (where v is the speed of the blood in the tube) and by the effects of viscosity in the tube, but for a typical tube radius R tube 2 mm, both effects are too small to matter. The gauge pressure of blood in the patient vein is P gauge vein 18 Torr 18 mm.hg 2.4 kpa. (8) hence, to create the pressure difference (5) along the needle, the blood pressure in the tube feeding the needle should be P gauge tube P gauge vein + P 17.0 kpa kpa 19.4 kpa. (9) Comparing this value to the hydrostatic formula (7), we can find the height h of the blood bottle above the needle as h P gauge tube ρg or about 6 feet and 2 inches Pa 1050 kg/m N/kg 1.88 m, (10) 2

3 Non-textbook problem #1: There are three forces acting on a red blood cell: its weight mg, the buoyant force from the plasma F B ρ plasma gv cell ρ plasma g m ρ cell mg ρ plasma ρ cell, (11) and the velocity-dependent viscous drag force F D (v) CLη v (12) where L is the red cell s linear size and C is the viscous drag coefficient for its shape. For a spherical cell of radius R, CL 6πR, i.e. F D (v) 6πRη v. (13) Also, a spherical cell has volume V 4π 3 R3 and hence weight mg 4π 3 R3 ρ cell g (14) and buoyant force F B 4π 3 R3 ρ plasma g. (15) When the cell reaches its terminal velocity v t, it s not accelerating any more, so the net force acting on it should vanish, F net mg F B F D (v t ) 0. (16) In light of eqs. (13), (14), and (15), this gives us 4π 3 R3 ρ cell g 4π 3 R3 ρ plasma g 6πRη v t 0 (17) and hence v t 4π 3 R 3 g(ρ cell ρ plasma ) 6πRη 2R2 g(ρ cell ρ plasma ) 9η plasma. (18) Numerically, for R 6µm, ρ cell 1125 kg/m 3, ρ plasma 1025 kg/m 3, and η plasma 1.5 3

4 10 3 Pa s, we get v t m/s 19 mm/hr. (19) PS: When typing up this problem, I have confused the radius of a red blood cell with its diameter. In real life, the human red blood cells have diameters between 6 and 8 µm and hence radii between 3 and 4 µm. Plugging R 3.5 µm into eq. (18) would give the terminal velocity v t 6.5 mm/hr. Of course, in real life the red blood cells are disk-shaped rather than spherical, and sometimes a few cells stick together, which lowers the viscous drag. Consequently, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate of a healthy adult varies between 10 and 20 mm/hr, depending on age and sex of the person. Non-textbook problem #2: The forces acting on the Huygens probe about to land on Titan are its weight mg in Titan s gravity and the aerodynamic drag on its parachute, F D (v) C 1 2 ρ aira v 2 (20) where A πr 2 is the parachute s area and C 1.50 is its drag coefficient. Note that unlike the previous problem, the drag on the parachute is due to turbulence rather than viscosity. That s why it depends on the density of the Titan s air rather than its viscosity; also it grows with the parachute s speed as v 2 rather than v. The acceleration the probe depends on its velocity v as ma(v) F net (v) mg F D (v) mg CρA 2 v 2. (21) As the probe s velocity increases, the acceleration slows down. After a while, the probe reaches the terminal velocity v t for which a(v t ) 0 mg CρA 2 v 2 t 0. (22) 4

5 Solving this equation for the v t, we get v 2 t 2mg Cρ(A πr 2 ) 2(318 kg)(1.35 m/s 2 ) 1.50(5.5 kg/m 3 )π(3.03 m/2) m2 /s 2 v t 3.8 m/s. Since the Huygens probe had plenty of time to reach the terminal velocity, it landed on Titan s surface with speed v v t 3.8 m/s 8.5 MPH. (23) Textbook problem 13.7: Concrete has thermal expansion coefficient α ( C) 1. Thus, a concrete slab of length L 0 12 m made at temperature T 0 20 C will expand in hot weather T 1 50 C by L 1 L 0 α(t 1 T 0 ) 4.3 mm (24) and contract in cold weather T 2 30 C by L 2 L 0 α(t 2 T 0 ) 7.2 mm. (25) Consequently, the gaps between adjacent slabs will shrink in hot weather by 4.3 mm and increase in cold weather by 7.2 mm, l gap (50 C) l gap (20 C) 4.3 mm, l gap ( 30 C) l gap (20 C) mm. (26) To avoid horizontal stresses in concrete, the slabs should not interfere with their neighbors thermal expansion. Thus, when the slabs expand in hot weather, they should not bump into each other that s what the gaps are for. The gaps shrink in hot weather, but they should not close until the temperature reaches the maximum expected by this highway, namely T 1 50 C. Thus l gap (50 C) 0 (27) and consequently l gap (20 C) 4.3 mm (28) 5

6 and l gap ( 30 C) 4.3 mm mm 11.5 mm. (29) In particular, when the concrete slabs are laid down at 20 C, the highway builders should leave gaps of 4.3 mm between each slab. Textbook problem 13.90: As the temperature changes, the length of the platinum bar between two marks changes by L L 0 α T. (30) To keep this change small enough L L0 α T Lmax 1 µm, (31) we need to limit temperature changes to T L max αl m 1 m (C ) C. (32) That is, the temperature of the bar should not change by more than ±0.11 C (or ±0.2 F) from the temperature at which the marks on the bar were made. Textbook problem 13.86: In equilibrium, the weight of the fluid displaced by the floating body should equal to the body s own weight. Consequently, the submerged part of the body s volume is related to the total volume of the body as the body s density to the fluid s density, V subm V tot ρ body ρ fluid. (33) When the temperature raises, both mercury and iron expand in volume and their densities 6

7 decrease, ρ(t ) ρ(t 0 ) 1 + β(t T 0 ) ρ(t 0) (1 β(t T 0 )). (34) But the mercury expands faster than iron β(hg) / C while β(fe) / C so the ratio ρ(fe)/ρ(hg) becomes larger: ρ Fe (T ) ρ Hg (T ) ρ Fe(T 0 ) ρ Hg (T 0 ) 1 + β Hg(T T 0 ) 1 + β Fe (T T 0 ) ρ Fe(T 0 ) ( ) ρ Hg (T 0 ) 1 + (β Hg β Fe ) (T T 0 ). (35) According to eq. (33), this means that for an iron cube floating in mercury V subm (T ) V ( ) subm (T 0 ) 1 + (β Hg β Fe ) (T T 0 ) V tot V tot (36) as the temperature increase, the submerged fraction of the cube s volume increases, and the cube floats lower in mercury than at the lower temperature. Specifically, for T increasing from 0 C to 25 C, (β Hg β Fe ) (T T 0 ) (180 35) 10 6 ( C) 1 25 C %, (37) so the submerged fraction of the iron cube s volume increases by 0.36%. Note: this percentage increase is relative to the original fraction V subm V tot (0 C) ρ Fe(0 C) ρ Hg (0 C) 7881 kg/m % : (38) kg/m3 As the temperature rises, the submerged fraction increases to 57.97% ( ) 57.97% % 58.18%. (39) Thus, relative to the total cube volume, the submerged fraction increases by only 0.21%. 7

8 Non-textbook problem #3: The volume of alcohol in the thermometer is V V b + πr 2 h (40) where V b is the (inside) volume of the bulb, r is the (inside) radius of the cylindrical tube, and h is the height of alcohol column inside the tube. We assume the glass does not expand, so V b and r are constant and only the height h changes with the temperature-dependent volume of alcohol according to V πr 2 h h V πr 2. (41) As the temperature rises, the volume of alcohol changes by which makes the alcohol height rise by Originally, h cm and Consequently, which allows us to simplify eq. (43) to V V 0 β T (42) h V 0 β T. (43) πr2 πr 2 h cm 3 V b 1.00 cm 3. (44) V 0 V b + πr 2 h 0 V b (45) h V b β T. (46) πr2 For the thermometer in question, V b πr 2 β 1.00 cm 3 π( cm) ( C) cm/ C, (47) so when the temperature increases from 10 C to 30 C, the alcohol in the thermometer raises 8

9 by h (3.47 cm/ C) (20 C) 69.4 cm, (48) form h cm to h h 0 + h 72.3 cm. Non-textbook problem #4: According to the universal gas law, for any fixed amount of gas P V T nr const. (49) As the helium-filled balloon raises from the ground to the 10,000 ft altitude, helium s pressure and temperature change according to the pressure and temperature of the surrounding air. Consequently, the volume of the balloon changes according to P 2 V 2 P ( ) 1V 1 T2 V 2 V 1 T 2 T 1 T 1 ( P1 P 2 ). (50) Note that the temperatures T 1 and T 2 in this formula are absolute temperatures (counting from absolute zero), so we need to translate them from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius and hence to Kelvins. Thus, ( T 1 77 F 1.8 while and hence At the same time, T 2 23 F ( T 2 T 1 P 1 P 2 ) ( ) 25 C K (51) ) ( ) 5 C K (52) K K 1000 mbar 690 mbar (53) (54) Therefore, the volume of the balloon changes from V m 3 to ( ) ( ) T2 P1 V 2 V m m 3. (55) T 1 P 2 9

10 Non-textbook problem #5: According to the universal gas law P V nrt (56) the amount of gas (in mols) in volume V under pressure P and absolute temperature T is n P V RT. (57) The mass of this gas (in grams!) is m µ n µp V RT (58) where µ is the molecular weight of the gas. Consequently, the density of the gas is ρ m V µp RT. (59) Now let s apply this formula to the atmosphere of Venus. It consists mostly of CO 2 whose molecular weight is µ 44 g/mol and near the surface has pressure P 92 bar Pa, and absolute temperature T 740 K. Consequently, the density is ρ (44 g/mol) ( Pa) (8.314 J/K/mol) (740 K) 65, 800 g/m 3 note units! (60) 65.8 kg/m 3, about 60 times denser than the air on Earth. 10

11 Non-textbook problem #6: In thermal equilibrium, each component of the gas mixture has the same average kinetic energy of a molecule, 12 mv 2 avg 3 2kT (61) where k J/K is the Boltzmann s constant and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. Consequently, for each component (i) of the gas, the mean velocity 2 of a molecule is v(i) 2 avg 3kT m (i) (62) and hence RMS (root-mean-square) molecular velocity is (i) v(i) 2 avg 3kT m (i). (63) units, The molecular weight µ of a gas component is the mass of one molecule in atomic mass m (i) µ i 1 amu, (64) where 1 amu 1 g N A kg. (65) Consequently, the RMS molecular velocity is (i) 3kT µ i 1 amu. (66) Inside human lungs T 311 K, hence an (i) th component of the gas mixture has (i) 3kT/1 amu µi 2785 m/s µi. (67) Specifically: 11

12 Helium is a mono-atomic gas of atomic weight µ 4, hence the RMS speed of a helium atom in the mix is He 2785 m/s m/s. (68) Oxygen O 2 has molecular weight µ , hence the RMS speed of an oxygen molecule in the mix is O m/s m/s. (69) Water H 2 O has molecular weight µ , hence the RMS speed of a water molecule in the mix is H 2O 2785 m/s 656 m/s. (70) 18 Carbon dioxide CO 2 has molecular weight µ , hence the RMS speed of a CO 2 molecule in the mix is CO m/s m/s. (71) Textbook problem 13.53: According to the universal gas law P V nrt NkT (72) where n is the amount of gas in mols while N n N A is the net number of molecules, and k R/N A is the Boltzmann s constant. The same constant appears in the formula for the average kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas, 12 mv 2 3 2kT. (73) In terms of the root(mean square) speed of a molecule, 12 mv m() 2 3 2kT (74) 12

13 hence ( ) 2 3kT m. (75) Combining this formula with eq. (72), we get ( ) 2 3 ( m kt P V ) 3P V N Nm (76) Note that Nm in the denominator of this formula is the total mass M of the gas and Nm V M V ρ (77) is its density. Plugging this formula into eq. (76), we arrive at ( ) 2 3P ( V Nm 1 ) ρ 3P ρ (78) and hence 3P ρ. (79) Quod erat demonstrandum (which is precisely what had to be proved). 13

L = I ω = const. I = 2 3 MR2. When the balloon shrinks (because the air inside it cools down), the moment of inertia decreases, R = 1. L = I ω = I ω.

L = I ω = const. I = 2 3 MR2. When the balloon shrinks (because the air inside it cools down), the moment of inertia decreases, R = 1. L = I ω = I ω. PHY 30 K. Solutions for mid-term test #3. Problem 1: Out in space, there are no forces acting on the balloon except gravity and hence no torques (with respect to an axis through the center of mass). Consequently,

More information

7. (2) Of these elements, which has the greatest number of atoms in a mole? a. hydrogen (H) b. oxygen (O) c. iron (Fe) d. gold (Au) e. all tie.

7. (2) Of these elements, which has the greatest number of atoms in a mole? a. hydrogen (H) b. oxygen (O) c. iron (Fe) d. gold (Au) e. all tie. General Physics I Exam 5 - Chs. 13,14,15 - Heat, Kinetic Theory, Thermodynamics Dec. 14, 2010 Name Rec. Instr. Rec. Time For full credit, make your work clear to the grader. Show formulas used, essential

More information

ρ mixture = m mixture /V = (SG antifreeze ρ water V antifreeze + SG water ρ water V water )/V, so we get

ρ mixture = m mixture /V = (SG antifreeze ρ water V antifreeze + SG water ρ water V water )/V, so we get CHAPTER 10 1. When we use the density of granite, we have m = ρv = (.7 10 3 kg/m 3 )(1 10 8 m 3 ) =.7 10 11 kg.. When we use the density of air, we have m = ρv = ρlwh = (1.9 kg/m 3 )(5.8 m)(3.8 m)(.8 m)

More information

Physics 202 Homework 2

Physics 202 Homework 2 Physics 202 Homework 2 Apr 10, 2013 1. An airplane wing is designed so that the speed of the air across the top of the 192 kn wing is 251 m/s when the speed of the air below the wing is 225 m/s. The density

More information

Fluids. Fluid = Gas or Liquid. Density Pressure in a Fluid Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle Fluids in Motion

Fluids. Fluid = Gas or Liquid. Density Pressure in a Fluid Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle Fluids in Motion Chapter 14 Fluids Fluids Density Pressure in a Fluid Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle Fluids in Motion Fluid = Gas or Liquid MFMcGraw-PHY45 Chap_14Ha-Fluids-Revised 10/13/01 Densities MFMcGraw-PHY45 Chap_14Ha-Fluids-Revised

More information

Halliday/Resnick/Walker 7e Chapter 14

Halliday/Resnick/Walker 7e Chapter 14 HRW 7e Chapter 4 Page of 8 Halliday/Resnick/Walker 7e Chapter 4. The air inside pushes outard ith a force given by p i A, here p i is the pressure inside the room and A is the area of the indo. Similarly,

More information

Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry

Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Zeroeth Law Two systems individually in thermal equilibrium with a third system (such

More information

Thermodynamics. Atoms are in constant motion, which increases with temperature.

Thermodynamics. Atoms are in constant motion, which increases with temperature. Thermodynamics SOME DEFINITIONS: THERMO related to heat DYNAMICS the study of motion SYSTEM an object or set of objects ENVIRONMENT the rest of the universe MICROSCOPIC at an atomic or molecular level

More information

M o d u l e B a s i c A e r o d y n a m i c s

M o d u l e B a s i c A e r o d y n a m i c s Category A B1 B2 B3 Level 1 2 3 M o d u l e 0 8-0 1 B a s i c A e r o d y n a m i c s P h y s i c s o f t h e A t m o s p h e r e 08-01- 1 Category A B1 B2 B3 Level 1 2 3 T a b l e o f c o n t e n t s

More information

Physics 202 Exam 1. May 1, 2013

Physics 202 Exam 1. May 1, 2013 Name: Physics 202 Exam 1 May 1, 2013 Word Problems Show all your work and circle your final answer. (Ten points each.) 1. If 2.4 m 3 of a gas initially at STP is compressed to 1.6 m 3 and its temperature

More information

The meter-stick is in equilibrium, so the net force and the net torque on it must be zero, F = 0,

The meter-stick is in equilibrium, so the net force and the net torque on it must be zero, F = 0, PHY 309 K. Solutions for mid-term test #3. Problem #1: There are three forces acting on the meter-stick: the tension T of the upper string, the tension T = mg (where m = 50 g) of the lower string, and

More information

Chapter 11. Fluids. continued

Chapter 11. Fluids. continued Chapter 11 Fluids continued 11.2 Pressure Pressure is the amount of force acting on an area: Example 2 The Force on a Swimmer P = F A SI unit: N/m 2 (1 Pa = 1 N/m 2 ) Suppose the pressure acting on the

More information

Barometer Fluid rises until pressure at A, due its weight, equals atmospheric pressure at B. Unit: mm Hg (millimeters that mercury rises)

Barometer Fluid rises until pressure at A, due its weight, equals atmospheric pressure at B. Unit: mm Hg (millimeters that mercury rises) FLUID MECHANICS The study of the properties of fluids resulting from the action forces. Fluid a liquid, gas, or plasma We will only consider incompressible fluids i.e. liquids Pressure P F A (normal force)

More information

Pressure in a fluid P P P P

Pressure in a fluid P P P P Fluids Gases (compressible) and liquids (incompressible) density of gases can change dramatically, while that of liquids much less so Gels, colloids, liquid crystals are all odd-ball states of matter We

More information

Chapter 10. Answers to Even Numbered Problems. 2. (a) 251 C. (b) 1.36 atm C, C. 6. (a) 273 C (b) 1.27 atm, 1.74 atm

Chapter 10. Answers to Even Numbered Problems. 2. (a) 251 C. (b) 1.36 atm C, C. 6. (a) 273 C (b) 1.27 atm, 1.74 atm hapter Answers to Even Numbered Problems. (a) 5 (b).6 atm 4. 56.7, -6. 6. (a) 7 (b).7 atm,.74 atm 8. (a) 8 F (b) 45 K. (a) 6 (b) 6. (a) L. m.49 mm (b) fast 4..9 8. 8.7 m..5 km, accordion-like expansion

More information

Chapter 10, Thermal Physics

Chapter 10, Thermal Physics CHAPTER 10 1. If it is given that 546 K equals 273 C, then it follows that 400 K equals: a. 127 C b. 150 C c. 473 C d. 1 200 C 2. A steel wire, 150 m long at 10 C, has a coefficient of linear expansion

More information

Chapter 15: Fluids. Mass Density = Volume. note : Fluids: substances which flow

Chapter 15: Fluids. Mass Density = Volume. note : Fluids: substances which flow Fluids: substances which flow Chapter 5: Fluids Liquids: take the shape of their container but have a definite volume Gases: take the shape and volume of their container Density m ρ = V Mass Density =

More information

E21-3 (a) We ll assume that the new temperature scale is related to the Celsius scale by a linear. T S = mt C + b, (0) = m( C) + b.

E21-3 (a) We ll assume that the new temperature scale is related to the Celsius scale by a linear. T S = mt C + b, (0) = m( C) + b. E1-1 (a) We ll assume that the new temperature scale is related to the Celsius scale by a linear transformation; then T S = mt C + b, where m and b are constants to be determined, T S is the temperature

More information

Winter 2017 PHYSICS 115 MIDTERM EXAM 1 Section X PRACTICE EXAM SOLUTION Seat No

Winter 2017 PHYSICS 115 MIDTERM EXAM 1 Section X PRACTICE EXAM SOLUTION Seat No Winter 2017 PHYSICS 115 MIDTERM EXAM 1 Section X PRACTICE EXAM SOLUTION Seat No Name (Print): Name (Print): Honor Pledge: All work presented here is my own. Signature: Student ID: READ THIS ENTIRE PAGE

More information

Fluid Mechanics. The atmosphere is a fluid!

Fluid Mechanics. The atmosphere is a fluid! Fluid Mechanics The atmosphere is a fluid! Some definitions A fluid is any substance which can flow Liquids, gases, and plasmas Fluid statics studies fluids in equilibrium Density, pressure, buoyancy Fluid

More information

11.1 Mass Density. Fluids are materials that can flow, and they include both gases and liquids. The mass density of a liquid or gas is an

11.1 Mass Density. Fluids are materials that can flow, and they include both gases and liquids. The mass density of a liquid or gas is an Chapter 11 Fluids 11.1 Mass Density Fluids are materials that can flow, and they include both gases and liquids. The mass density of a liquid or gas is an important factor that determines its behavior

More information

Liquids CHAPTER 13 FLUIDS FLUIDS. Gases. Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility. To begin with... some important definitions...

Liquids CHAPTER 13 FLUIDS FLUIDS. Gases. Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility. To begin with... some important definitions... CHAPTER 13 FLUIDS FLUIDS Liquids Gases Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility Pressure in a fluid! Hydraulic lift! Hydrostatic paradox Measurement of pressure! Manometers and barometers Buoyancy and Archimedes

More information

Chapter 9 Fluids. Pressure

Chapter 9 Fluids. Pressure Chapter 9 Fluids States of Matter - Solid, liquid, gas. Fluids (liquids and gases) do not hold their shapes. In many cases we can think of liquids as being incompressible. Liquids do not change their volume

More information

b) (5) Find the tension T B in the cord connected to the wall.

b) (5) Find the tension T B in the cord connected to the wall. General Physics I Quiz 6 - Ch. 9 - Static Equilibrium July 15, 2009 Name: Make your work clear to the grader. Show formulas used. Give correct units and significant figures. Partial credit is available

More information

Physics 231 Topic 12: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases Alex Brown Nov

Physics 231 Topic 12: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases Alex Brown Nov Physics 231 Topic 12: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases Alex Brown Nov 18-23 2015 MSU Physics 231 Fall 2015 1 homework 3 rd midterm final Thursday 8-10 pm makeup Friday final 9-11 am MSU

More information

Physical Sciences 2: Assignments for Oct Oct 31 Homework #7: Elasticity and Fluid Statics Due Tuesday, Oct 31, at 9:30AM

Physical Sciences 2: Assignments for Oct Oct 31 Homework #7: Elasticity and Fluid Statics Due Tuesday, Oct 31, at 9:30AM Physical Sciences 2: Assignments for Oct. 24 - Oct 31 Homework #7: Elasticity and Fluid Statics Due Tuesday, Oct 31, at 9:30AM After completing this homework, you should Be able to describe what is meant

More information

Nicholas J. Giordano. Chapter 10 Fluids

Nicholas J. Giordano.  Chapter 10 Fluids Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 10 Fluids Fluids A fluid may be either a liquid or a gas Some characteristics of a fluid Flows from one place to another Shape varies according

More information

What s important: viscosity Poiseuille's law Stokes' law Demo: dissipation in flow through a tube

What s important: viscosity Poiseuille's law Stokes' law Demo: dissipation in flow through a tube PHYS 101 Lecture 29x - Viscosity 29x - 1 Lecture 29x Viscosity (extended version) What s important: viscosity Poiseuille's law Stokes' law Demo: dissipation in flow through a tube Viscosity We introduced

More information

Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1

Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1 Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1 Fluid Statics Pascal s Principle Archimedes Principle (Buoyancy) Fluid Dynamics Continuity Equation Bernoulli Equation 11/30/2009 Physics 201, UW-Madison 1 Fluids Density

More information

Physics 207 Lecture 23. Lecture 23

Physics 207 Lecture 23. Lecture 23 Goals: Lecture 3 Chapter 6 Use the ideal-gas law. Use pv diagrams for ideal-gas processes. Chapter 7 Employ energy conservation in terms of st law of TD Understand the concept of heat. Relate heat to temperature

More information

! =!"#$% exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) !"#$ =!"# FUNDAMENTAL AND MEASURABLE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND SPECIFIC VOLUME

! =!#$% exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) !#$ =!# FUNDAMENTAL AND MEASURABLE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND SPECIFIC VOLUME FUNDAMENTAL AND MEASURABLE INTENSIVE PROPERTIES PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE AND SPECIFIC VOLUME PRESSURE, P! =!"#$%!"#! exerted by a fluid (liquid or gas) Thermodynamic importance of pressure One of two independent

More information

Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion

Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work

More information

CHAPTER 17: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law

CHAPTER 17: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law CHAPTER 17: Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and the Ideal Gas Law Responses to Questions. Properties of materials that could be exploited in making a thermometer include: a. thermal expansion, both linear

More information

Homework: 13, 14, 18, 20, 24 (p )

Homework: 13, 14, 18, 20, 24 (p ) Homework: 13, 14, 18, 0, 4 (p. 531-53) 13. A sample of an ideal gas is taken through the cyclic process abca shown in the figure below; at point a, T=00 K. (a) How many moles of gas are in the sample?

More information

Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Heat Engines

Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Heat Engines Temperature Thermal Expansion Ideal Gas Law Kinetic Theory Heat Heat Transfer Phase Changes Specific Heat Calorimetry Heat Engines Zeroeth Law Two systems individually in thermal equilibrium with a third

More information

Chapter 17 Temperature & Kinetic Theory of Gases 1. Thermal Equilibrium and Temperature

Chapter 17 Temperature & Kinetic Theory of Gases 1. Thermal Equilibrium and Temperature Chapter 17 Temperature & Kinetic Theory of Gases 1. Thermal Equilibrium and Temperature Any physical property that changes with temperature is called a thermometric property and can be used to measure

More information

TOPICS. Density. Pressure. Variation of Pressure with Depth. Pressure Measurements. Buoyant Forces-Archimedes Principle

TOPICS. Density. Pressure. Variation of Pressure with Depth. Pressure Measurements. Buoyant Forces-Archimedes Principle Lecture 6 Fluids TOPICS Density Pressure Variation of Pressure with Depth Pressure Measurements Buoyant Forces-Archimedes Principle Surface Tension ( External source ) Viscosity ( External source ) Equation

More information

CHAPTER 13. Liquids FLUIDS FLUIDS. Gases. Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility. To begin with... some important definitions...

CHAPTER 13. Liquids FLUIDS FLUIDS. Gases. Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility. To begin with... some important definitions... CHAPTER 13 FLUIDS Density! Bulk modulus! Compressibility Pressure in a fluid! Hydraulic lift! Hydrostatic paradox Measurement of pressure! Manometers and barometers Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle! Upthrust!

More information

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS CHAPTER-10 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS QUESTIONS 1 marks questions 1. What are fluids? 2. How are fluids different from solids? 3. Define thrust of a liquid. 4. Define liquid pressure. 5. Is pressure

More information

Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1

Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1 Physics 201 Chapter 13 Lecture 1 Fluid Statics Pascal s Principle Archimedes Principle (Buoyancy) Fluid Dynamics Continuity Equation Bernoulli Equation 11/30/2009 Physics 201, UW-Madison 1 Fluids Density

More information

If we change the quantity causing the deformation from force to force per unit area, we get a relation that does not depend on area.

If we change the quantity causing the deformation from force to force per unit area, we get a relation that does not depend on area. 2/24 Chapter 12 Solids Recall the rigid body model that we used when discussing rotation. A rigid body is composed of a particles constrained to maintain the same distances from and orientations relative

More information

m V DEFINITION OF MASS DENSITY The mass density of a substance is the mass of a substance divided by its volume: SI Unit of Mass Density: kg/m 3

m V DEFINITION OF MASS DENSITY The mass density of a substance is the mass of a substance divided by its volume: SI Unit of Mass Density: kg/m 3 Chapter 11 Fluids 11.1 Mass Density DEFINITION OF MASS DENSITY The mass density of a substance is the mass of a substance divided by its volume: ρ m V SI Unit of Mass Density: kg/m 3 11.1 Mass Density

More information

Chapter 10. Thermal Physics. Thermodynamic Quantities: Volume V and Mass Density ρ Pressure P Temperature T: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Chapter 10. Thermal Physics. Thermodynamic Quantities: Volume V and Mass Density ρ Pressure P Temperature T: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Chapter 10 Thermal Physics Thermodynamic Quantities: Volume V and Mass Density ρ Pressure P Temperature T: Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids Ideal

More information

b) (6) What is the volume of the iron cube, in m 3?

b) (6) What is the volume of the iron cube, in m 3? General Physics I Exam 4 - Chs. 10,11,12 - Fluids, Waves, Sound Nov. 14, 2012 Name Rec. Instr. Rec. Time For full credit, make your work clear to the grader. Show formulas used, essential steps, and results

More information

Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion

Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work

More information

Chapter 10. Solids and Fluids

Chapter 10. Solids and Fluids Chapter 10 Solids and Fluids Surface Tension Net force on molecule A is zero Pulled equally in all directions Net force on B is not zero No molecules above to act on it Pulled toward the center of the

More information

Name : Applied Physics II Exam One Winter Multiple Choice ( 7 Points ):

Name :   Applied Physics II Exam One Winter Multiple Choice ( 7 Points ): Name : e-mail: Applied Physics II Exam One Winter 2006-2007 Multiple Choice ( 7 Points ): 1. Pure nitrogen gas is contained in a sealed tank containing a movable piston. The initial volume, pressure and

More information

Unit Outline. I. Introduction II. Gas Pressure III. Gas Laws IV. Gas Law Problems V. Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases VI.

Unit Outline. I. Introduction II. Gas Pressure III. Gas Laws IV. Gas Law Problems V. Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases VI. Unit 10: Gases Unit Outline I. Introduction II. Gas Pressure III. Gas Laws IV. Gas Law Problems V. Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases VI. Real Gases I. Opening thoughts Have you ever: Seen a hot air balloon?

More information

Physics 153 Introductory Physics II. Week One: FLUIDS. Dr. Joseph J. Trout

Physics 153 Introductory Physics II. Week One: FLUIDS. Dr. Joseph J. Trout Physics 153 Introductory Physics II Week One: FLUIDS Dr. Joseph J. Trout joseph.trout@drexel.edu 610-348-6495 States (Phases) of Matter: Solid: Fixed shape. Fixed size. Even a large force will not readily

More information

CPO Science Foundations of Physics. Unit 8, Chapter 27

CPO Science Foundations of Physics. Unit 8, Chapter 27 CPO Science Foundations of Physics Unit 8, Chapter 27 Unit 8: Matter and Energy Chapter 27 The Physical Properties of Matter 27.1 Properties of Solids 27.2 Properties of Liquids and Fluids 27.3 Properties

More information

PHYSICS 220 Lecture 16 Fluids Textbook Sections

PHYSICS 220 Lecture 16 Fluids Textbook Sections PHYSICS 220 Lecture 16 Fluids Textbook Sections 10.1-10.4 Lecture 16 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 States of Matter Fluids Solid Hold Volume Hold Shape Liquid Hold Volume Adapt Shape Gas Adapt Volume

More information

Chapter 14. Lecture 1 Fluid Mechanics. Dr. Armen Kocharian

Chapter 14. Lecture 1 Fluid Mechanics. Dr. Armen Kocharian Chapter 14 Lecture 1 Fluid Mechanics Dr. Armen Kocharian States of Matter Solid Has a definite volume and shape Liquid Has a definite volume but not a definite shape Gas unconfined Has neither a definite

More information

Chapter 15 - Fluid Mechanics Thursday, March 24 th

Chapter 15 - Fluid Mechanics Thursday, March 24 th Chapter 15 - Fluid Mechanics Thursday, March 24 th Fluids Static properties Density and pressure Hydrostatic equilibrium Archimedes principle and buoyancy Fluid Motion The continuity equation Bernoulli

More information

Fluids Bernoulli s equation

Fluids Bernoulli s equation Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work yields a

More information

Alternate Midterm Examination Physics 100 Feb. 20, 2014

Alternate Midterm Examination Physics 100 Feb. 20, 2014 Alternate Midterm Examination Physics 100 Feb. 20, 2014 Name/Student #: Instructions: Formulas at the back (you can rip that sheet o ). Questions are on both sides. Calculator permitted. Put your name

More information

Archimedes Principle

Archimedes Principle Archimedes Principle applies in air the more air an object displaces, the greater the buoyant force on it if an object displaces its weight, it hovers at a constant altitude if an object displaces less

More information

Properties of Gases. The perfect gas. States of gases Gas laws Kinetic model of gases (Ch th ed, th ed.) Real gases

Properties of Gases. The perfect gas. States of gases Gas laws Kinetic model of gases (Ch th ed, th ed.) Real gases Properties of Gases Chapter 1 of Physical Chemistry - 6th Edition P.W. Atkins. Chapter 1 and a little bit of Chapter 24 of 7th Edition. Chapter 1 and a little bit of Chapter 21 of 8th edition. The perfect

More information

Worksheet for Exploration 15.1: Blood Flow and the Continuity Equation

Worksheet for Exploration 15.1: Blood Flow and the Continuity Equation Worksheet for Exploration 15.1: Blood Flow and the Continuity Equation Blood flows from left to right in an artery with a partial blockage. A blood platelet is shown moving through the artery. How does

More information

Physics 106 Lecture 13. Fluid Mechanics

Physics 106 Lecture 13. Fluid Mechanics Physics 106 Lecture 13 Fluid Mechanics SJ 7 th Ed.: Chap 14.1 to 14.5 What is a fluid? Pressure Pressure varies with depth Pascal s principle Methods for measuring pressure Buoyant forces Archimedes principle

More information

PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems. Temperature, Heat & The First Law of Thermodynamics

PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems. Temperature, Heat & The First Law of Thermodynamics PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 18 Temperature, Heat & The First Law of Thermodynamics Equilibrium & temperature scales Thermal expansion Exchange of heat First law of thermodynamics Heat conduction

More information

Chapter 10. Thermal Physics

Chapter 10. Thermal Physics Chapter 10 Thermal Physics Thermal Physics Thermal physics is the study of Temperature Heat How these affect matter Thermal Physics, cont Descriptions require definitions of temperature, heat and internal

More information

Chapter 11. Preview. Lesson Starter Objectives Pressure and Force Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures

Chapter 11. Preview. Lesson Starter Objectives Pressure and Force Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Pressure and Force Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures Section 1 Gases and Pressure Lesson Starter Make a list of gases you already know about. Separate your list into elements,

More information

7/16/2012. Characteristics of Gases. Chapter Five: Pressure is equal to force/unit area. Manometer. Gas Law Variables. Pressure-Volume Relationship

7/16/2012. Characteristics of Gases. Chapter Five: Pressure is equal to force/unit area. Manometer. Gas Law Variables. Pressure-Volume Relationship 7/6/0 Chapter Five: GASES Characteristics of Gases Uniformly fills any container. Mixes completely with any other gas. Exerts pressure on its surroundings. When subjected to pressure, its volume decreases.

More information

Temperature, Thermal Expansion and the Gas Laws

Temperature, Thermal Expansion and the Gas Laws Temperature, Thermal Expansion and the Gas Laws z x Physics 053 Lecture Notes Temperature,Thermal Expansion and the Gas Laws Temperature and Thermometers Thermal Equilibrium Thermal Expansion The Ideal

More information

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site.

Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site. Find this material useful? You can help our team to keep this site up and bring you even more content consider donating via the link on our site. Still having trouble understanding the material? Check

More information

Physics 123 Unit #1 Review

Physics 123 Unit #1 Review Physics 123 Unit #1 Review I. Definitions & Facts Density Specific gravity (= material / water) Pressure Atmosphere, bar, Pascal Barometer Streamline, laminar flow Turbulence Gauge pressure II. Mathematics

More information

Chapter 9: Solids and Fluids

Chapter 9: Solids and Fluids Chapter 9: Solids and Fluids State of matters: Solid, Liquid, Gas and Plasma. Solids Has definite volume and shape Can be crystalline or amorphous Molecules are held in specific locations by electrical

More information

Stevens High School AP Physics II Work for Not-school

Stevens High School AP Physics II Work for Not-school 1. (AP SAMPLE QUESTION) An ideal fluid is flowing with a speed of 12 cm/s through a pipe of diameter 5 cm. The pipe splits into three smaller pipes, each with a diameter of 2 cm. What is the speed of the

More information

Flow of fluids 1. Prof. Ferenc Bari. Department of Medical Physics and Informatics

Flow of fluids 1. Prof. Ferenc Bari. Department of Medical Physics and Informatics Flow of fluids 1 Prof Ferenc Bari Department of Medical Physics and Informatics 20 th October 2016 Prof Ferenc Bari (SZTE DMI) Flow of fluids 1 20 th October 2016 1 / 71 Contents 1 Overview 2 Gases Overview

More information

Answers to test yourself questions

Answers to test yourself questions Answers to test yourself questions Option B B Rotational dynamics ( ω + ω )t Use 0 ( +.).0 θ to get θ 46. 46 rad. Use ω ω0 + αθ to get ω.0 +. 4 and so ω 7.8 7 rad s. Use ω ω0 + αθ to get.4. + α 0 π. Hence

More information

Chapter Notes: Temperature, Energy and Thermal Properties of Materials Mr. Kiledjian

Chapter Notes: Temperature, Energy and Thermal Properties of Materials Mr. Kiledjian Chapter 10-11 Notes: Temperature, Energy and Thermal Properties of Materials Mr. Kiledjian 1) Temperature 2) Expansion of Matter 3) Ideal Gas Law 4) Kinetic Theory of Gases 5) Energy, Heat transfer and

More information

Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law

Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law Units of Chapter 17 & 19 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work

More information

Chapter 19 Solutions

Chapter 19 Solutions Chapter 19 Solutions *19.1 (a) To convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius, we use T C = 5 9 (T F 32.0) = 5 (98.6 32.0) = 37.0 C 9 and the Kelvin temperature is found as T = T C + 273 = 310 K In a fashion identical

More information

Chapter 9. Solids and Fluids 9.3 DENSITY AND PRESSURE

Chapter 9. Solids and Fluids 9.3 DENSITY AND PRESSURE 9.3 DENSITY AND PRESSURE Chapter 9 Solids and Fluids The density of an object having uniform composition is defined as its mass M divided by its volume V: M V [9.6] SI unit: kilogram per meter cubed (kg/m

More information

Physics 207 Lecture 21. Physics 207, Lecture 21, Nov. 12

Physics 207 Lecture 21. Physics 207, Lecture 21, Nov. 12 Goals: Physics 207, Lecture 21, Nov. 12 Chapter 15 Use an ideal-fluid model to study fluid flow. Investigate the elastic deformation of solids and liquids Chapter 16 Recognize and use the state variables

More information

Chapter 9. Solids and Fluids. 1. Introduction. 2. Fluids at Rest. 3. Fluid Motion

Chapter 9. Solids and Fluids. 1. Introduction. 2. Fluids at Rest. 3. Fluid Motion Chapter 9 Solids and Fluids 1. Introduction 2. Fluids at Rest 3. Fluid Motion 1 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma 2 Density and Specific Gravity What is Density? How do I calculate it? What are

More information

Physics 1501 Lecture 35

Physics 1501 Lecture 35 Physics 1501: Lecture 35 Todays Agenda Announcements Homework #11 (Dec. 2) and #12 (Dec. 9): 2 lowest dropped Honors students: see me after the class! Todays topics Chap.16: Temperature and Heat» Latent

More information

43. A person sits on a freely spinning lab stool that has no friction in its axle. When this person extends her arms,

43. A person sits on a freely spinning lab stool that has no friction in its axle. When this person extends her arms, 43. A person sits on a freely spinning lab stool that has no friction in its axle. When this person extends her arms, A) her moment of inertia increases and her rotational kinetic energy remains the same.

More information

--Lord Kelvin, May 3rd, 1883

--Lord Kelvin, May 3rd, 1883 When you can measure what you are speaking about and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, you knowledge is of a meager

More information

Chapter 14. Fluid Mechanics

Chapter 14. Fluid Mechanics Chapter 14 Fluid Mechanics States of Matter Solid Has a definite volume and shape Liquid Has a definite volume but not a definite shape Gas unconfined Has neither a definite volume nor shape All of these

More information

Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics

Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and temperature scales 2. Thermal contact and thermal equilibrium 3. Zeroth law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and Temperature scales We often associate

More information

Week 8. Topics: Next deadline: Viscous fluid flow (Study guide 14. Sections 12.4 and 12.5.) Bolus flow (Study guide 15. Section 12.6.

Week 8. Topics: Next deadline: Viscous fluid flow (Study guide 14. Sections 12.4 and 12.5.) Bolus flow (Study guide 15. Section 12.6. 8/1 Topics: Week 8 Viscous fluid flow (Study guide 14. Sections 12.4 and 12.5.) Bolus flow (Study guide 15. Section 12.6.) Pulsatile flow (Study guide 15. Section 12.7.) Next deadline: Friday October 31

More information

Page 1. Physics 131: Lecture 23. Today s Agenda. Announcements. States of Matter

Page 1. Physics 131: Lecture 23. Today s Agenda. Announcements. States of Matter Physics 131: Lecture 3 Today s Agenda Description of Fluids at Rest Pressure vs Depth Pascal s Principle: hydraulic forces Archimedes Principle: objects in a fluid Bernoulli s equation Physics 01: Lecture

More information

Fluids. Fluids in Motion or Fluid Dynamics

Fluids. Fluids in Motion or Fluid Dynamics Fluids Fluids in Motion or Fluid Dynamics Resources: Serway - Chapter 9: 9.7-9.8 Physics B Lesson 3: Fluid Flow Continuity Physics B Lesson 4: Bernoulli's Equation MIT - 8: Hydrostatics, Archimedes' Principle,

More information

Lecture 27 (Walker: ) Fluid Dynamics Nov. 9, 2009

Lecture 27 (Walker: ) Fluid Dynamics Nov. 9, 2009 Physics 111 Lecture 27 (Walker: 15.5-7) Fluid Dynamics Nov. 9, 2009 Midterm #2 - Monday Nov. 16 Chap. 7,Chap. 8 (not 8.5) Chap. 9 (not 9.6, 9.8) Chap. 10, Chap. 11 (not 11.8-9) Chap. 13 (not 13.6-8) Chap.

More information

Chapter 14 - Fluids. -Archimedes, On Floating Bodies. David J. Starling Penn State Hazleton PHYS 213. Chapter 14 - Fluids. Objectives (Ch 14)

Chapter 14 - Fluids. -Archimedes, On Floating Bodies. David J. Starling Penn State Hazleton PHYS 213. Chapter 14 - Fluids. Objectives (Ch 14) Any solid lighter than a fluid will, if placed in the fluid, be so far immersed that the weight of the solid will be equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. -Archimedes, On Floating Bodies David J.

More information

Gases and Kinetic Theory

Gases and Kinetic Theory Gases and Kinetic Theory Chemistry 35 Fall 2000 Gases One of the four states of matter Simplest to understand both physically and chemically Gas Properties Low density Fluid Can be defined by their: 1.

More information

Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version -

Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - 74. The rate of heat flow by conduction through a slab does NOT depend upon the: A. temperature difference between opposite faces of the slab B. thermal conductivity of the slab C. slab thickness D. cross-sectional

More information

CHAPTER 16 A MACROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION OF MATTER

CHAPTER 16 A MACROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION OF MATTER CHAPTER 16 A MACROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION OF MATTER This brief chapter provides an introduction to thermodynamics. The goal is to use phenomenological descriptions of the microscopic details of matter in order

More information

Physics 207 Lecture 23

Physics 207 Lecture 23 Thermodynamics A practical science initially concerned with economics, industry, real life problems. DYNAMICS -- Concerned with the concepts of energy transfers between a system and its environment and

More information

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS OPTION B-3: LUIDS Essential Idea: luids cannot be modelled as point particles. Their distinguishable response to compression from solids creates a set

More information

Although different gasses may differ widely in their chemical properties, they share many physical properties

Although different gasses may differ widely in their chemical properties, they share many physical properties IV. Gases (text Chapter 9) A. Overview of Chapter 9 B. Properties of gases 1. Ideal gas law 2. Dalton s law of partial pressures, etc. C. Kinetic Theory 1. Particulate model of gases. 2. Temperature and

More information

Moving Observer and Source. Demo 4C - 02 Doppler. Molecular Picture of Gas PHYSICS 220. Lecture 22. Combine: f o = f s (1-v o /v) / (1-v s /v)

Moving Observer and Source. Demo 4C - 02 Doppler. Molecular Picture of Gas PHYSICS 220. Lecture 22. Combine: f o = f s (1-v o /v) / (1-v s /v) PHYSICS 220 Lecture 22 Temperature and Ideal Gas Moving Observer and Source Combine: f o = f s (1-v o /v) / (1-v s /v) A: You are driving along the highway at 65 mph, and behind you a police car, also

More information

(b) The measurement of pressure

(b) The measurement of pressure (b) The measurement of pressure The pressure of the atmosphere is measured with a barometer. The original version of a barometer was invented by Torricelli, a student of Galileo. The barometer was an inverted

More information

CHEN 3200 Fluid Mechanics Spring Homework 3 solutions

CHEN 3200 Fluid Mechanics Spring Homework 3 solutions Homework 3 solutions 1. An artery with an inner diameter of 15 mm contains blood flowing at a rate of 5000 ml/min. Further along the artery, arterial plaque has partially clogged the artery, reducing the

More information

Fluids Bernoulli s equation

Fluids Bernoulli s equation Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work yields a

More information

Physics 220: Classical Mechanics

Physics 220: Classical Mechanics Lecture 10 1/34 Phys 220 Physics 220: Classical Mechanics Lecture: MWF 8:40 am 9:40 am (Phys 114) Michael Meier mdmeier@purdue.edu Office: Phys Room 381 Help Room: Phys Room 11 schedule on course webpage

More information

Hydrostatics. ENGR 5961 Fluid Mechanics I: Dr. Y.S. Muzychka

Hydrostatics. ENGR 5961 Fluid Mechanics I: Dr. Y.S. Muzychka 1 Hydrostatics 2 Introduction In Fluid Mechanics hydrostatics considers fluids at rest: typically fluid pressure on stationary bodies and surfaces, pressure measurements, buoyancy and flotation, and fluid

More information

Lecture 30 (Walker: ) Fluid Dynamics April 15, 2009

Lecture 30 (Walker: ) Fluid Dynamics April 15, 2009 Physics 111 Lecture 30 (Walker: 15.6-7) Fluid Dynamics April 15, 2009 Midterm #2 - Monday April 20 Chap. 7,Chap. 8 (not 8.5) Chap. 9 (not 9.6, 9.8) Chap. 10, Chap. 11 (not 11.8-9) Chap. 13 (not 13.6-8)

More information

Exam 4--PHYS 101--Fall 2016

Exam 4--PHYS 101--Fall 2016 Name: Exam 4--PHYS 101--Fall 2016 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A bus contains a 2000 kg flywheel (a disk that has a 0.500 m radius)

More information