Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica
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1 Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Sebastian Neubert Heidelberg University XVII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HADRON SPECTROSCOPY AND STRUCTURE September 25th-29th 2017, Salamanca Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 1 / 24
2 The LHC as a Heavy Baryon Factory Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 13 TeV b b-pairs per second High B-baryon production fraction Mesons Baryons B + + B 0 : B 0 s : Λ b (u b) (d b) (s b) (udb) 4 : 1 : 2 Unique dataset b d Λ b u Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 2 / 24
3 J = 1/2 Baryon Multiplets Σ 0 c ddc Ξ + cc dcc Ξ 0 c udd ssc uudc c N 0 Ω 0 c N + P dds uds + c Σ Σ 0 Λ dss uss Σ + Ξ dsc scc udc Λ + c Ω + cc Σ + c usc Ξ ++ cc ucc Ξ + Ξ + c uuc Σ ++ c Σ 0 b ddb Σ dds Ξ 0 bb dbb Ξ b Ξ udd ssb N 0 dss dsb sbb udb Λ 0 b Ω bb Ω b Σ b usb uud uds uus Σ 0 Λ uss Σ + Ξ + Ξ bb ubb Ξ 0 b N + uub Σ + b Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 3 / 24
4 Charmed Baryons Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 4 / 24
5 The Λ + c excitation spectrum Well studied heavy-light-light system Orbitally excited states D-wave doublet predicted more states in other models Missing state? Indication by BaBar for structure in D 0 p at 2.84 GeV [PRL98(2007)012001] Mass [MeV] D, 3/2 heavy-quark + light-diquark + 1D, 5/2 + Λ c (2880) 1P, 3/2 + Λ c (2625) + 1P, 1/2 Λ c (2595)? + 1S, 1/2 + Λ c Predictions from [EPJ A51(2015)82] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 5 / 24
6 Candidates / (5 MeV) Amplitude analysis of Λb D0 pπ at LHCb 1 Data set 3 fb (Run I) Λb decays 5D amplitude analysis in helicity formalism [JHEP05(2017)030] 1800 Λ0b D 0pπ Part. rec. bkg. Comb. bkg. LHCb Investigating D p resonances M 2(pπ ) [GeV2] Λ+c resonances kinematically separated from N M 2(pπ ) [GeV2] M (D0pπ ) [MeV] LHCb LHCb M 2(D0p ) [GeV2] Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) M (D0p ) [GeV] Hadron2017, Salamanca 6 / 24
7 A new Λ c state Three Λ + c resonances State M[MeV] Γ[MeV] J P Λ + c (2860) /2 + Λ + c (2880) /2 + Λ + c (2940) /2 fav. First constraint on Λ + c (2940) spin Λ + c (2880), Λ + c (2940) in agreement with previous measurements ) + Im R(1/ LHCb Re R(1/ ) ) + Im R(3/2 40 LHCb 30 1/2 + 3/ Re R(3/2 ) [JHEP05(2017)030] Candidates / (0.004 GeV) LHCb Λ + c (2860) S. N. Friday 10:05h Session: Baryons Λ + c (2880) Λ + c (2940) M(D p) [GeV] Only 3/2 + gives physical phase motion Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 7 / 24
8 The Λ + c at BES III: Hadronic Branchings [PRL116(2016)052001] Exclusive e + e Λ + c Λ c production at threshold Data sample corresponding to 567 pb 1 at s = GeV Beam energy-momentum constraint P. Yue Thu 17:10h Session: Hadron decays Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 8 / 24
9 The Λ + c at BES III: Hadronic Branchings [PRL116(2016)052001] Exclusive e + e Λ + c Λ c production at threshold Data sample corresponding to 567 pb 1 at s = GeV Beam energy-momentum constraint P. Yue Thu 17:10h Session: Hadron decays Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 8 / 24
10 Semileptonic Λ + c decays Λ + c Λe + ν e [PRL115(2015)221805] Tag one Λ + c hadronically Lepton PID (de/dx + TOF + EMC) Use beam constraint to infer missing energy B(Λ + c Λe + ν e ) = (3.63 ± 0.38 ± 0.20)% B(Λ + c Λµ + ν µ ) = (3.49 ± 0.46 ± 0.27)% Λ + c Λµ + ν µ [PLB767(2017)42] B(Λ + c Λe + ν e ) B(Λ + c Λµ + ν µ ) = 0.96 ± 0.16 ± 0.04 Λ + c Λπ + π 0 Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 9 / 24
11 Strangely charming baryons: The Ω c [PRL118(2017)182001] The css > system is a proving ground for HQET Popular model: heavy quark + light diquark Two S-wave ground states Ω 0 c and Ω0 c (2770) observed 5 P-wave states predicted Mass [GeV/c 2 ] Summary of theoretical predictions L j Ω c*(2s) Ω c(2s) Ω c S 1 qq' P J 2 1+ Ω c* S Ω c0 (2P) Ω c1 (2P) Ω Ω c1 (2P) c2 (2P) Ω c2 (2P) Ω c0 P Ω Ω Ω c1 c 2 c1 P P P Ω c2 P Ω c1(1d) Ω c1(1d) Ω c2 (1D) Ω c2 (1D) Ω c3 (1D) Ω c3 (1D) D D D D D D Ω c (3119) 0 Ω c (3090) 0 Ω c (3066) 0 Ω c (3050) 0 Ω c (3000) Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 10 / 24
12 Five new Ω c states in the decay Ξ + c K [PRL118(2017)182001] Reconstruct Ξ c pk π + Ξ c detached from primary vertex PID of daughter tracks pointing to primary vertex Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 11 / 24
13 Five new Ω c states in the decay Ξ + c K [PRL118(2017)182001] Reconstruct Ξ c pk π + Adding another kaon: Ξ c detached from primary vertex PID of daughter tracks pointing to primary vertex Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 11 / 24
14 Five new Ω c states in Ω c Ξ + c K [PRL118(2017)182001] Resonance Mass ( MeV ) Γ ( MeV ) Yield N σ Ω c (3000) ± 0.2 ± ± 0.6 ± ± 100 ± Ω c (3050) ± 0.1 ± ± 0.2 ± ± 60 ± < 1.2 MeV, 95% CL Ω c (3066) ± 0.1 ± ± 0.4 ± ± 100 ± Ω c (3090) ± 0.3 ± ± 1.0 ± ± 140 ± Ω c (3119) ± 0.3 ± ± 0.8 ± ± 70 ± < 2.6 MeV, 95% CL Ω c (3188) ± 5 ± ± 15 ± ± 450 ± 360 Are these the 5 P-wave states? [PRD95(2017)114012] Why two very narrow states? [PRD96(2017)014009] Next steps: quantum numbers and Isospin multiplet V. Belyaev Friday 09:45h Session: Baryons Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 12 / 24
15 A Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξ ++ cc at LHCb [PRL119(2017)112001] with Λ + c pk π + Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 13 / 24
16 A Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξ ++ cc at LHCb [PRL119(2017)112001] Adding K π + π +, background suppression using neural network M. Pappagallo. Monday 16:45h Session: Mesons with Λ + c pk π Dataset: 1.7 fb -1, 13 TeV reconstructed entirely online in the trigger Ξ ++ cc Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 13 / 24
17 Comparison with Selected Theory Predictions Method m ++ Ξ [MeV/c 2 ] Reference cc Experiment ± 0.72 ± 0.27 ± 0.14 [PRL119(2017)112001] Effective potential 3627 ± 12 [PRD90(2014)094007] Relativized Quark Model 3613 arxiv: Relativistic Quark Model 3620 [PRD66(2002)014008] Lattice QCD 3610 ± 23 ± 22 [PRD90(2014)094507] HQ effective theory 3610 [Pr. Part. Nucl. Phys. 33(1994)787] Excellent agreement in several theoretical approaches! Comment on Selex observation: Observation of Ξ + cc at m = 3519 ± 2 MeV/c2 can t be Isospin partner [PRL89(2002)112001][PLB628(2005)18] Low statistics (yields 15.9 and 5.62 events) Short lifetime 33 fs and too large production xsection Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 14 / 24
18 Heavy Baryons with Hidden Charm Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 15 / 24
19 Two resonances decaying to J/ψp [PRL115(2015)072001] 6D Amplitude analysis allows to measure resonance parameters Events/(15 MeV) Data (b) Model LHCb State Mass [MeV] Width [MeV] J P P c (4380) ± 8 ± ± 18 ± 86 3/2 P c (4450) ± 1.7 ± ± 5 ± 19 5/2 + Spin parity assignment not unique Excluded: same parity solution m J/ψp [GeV] Results confirmed in two subsequent analyses Λ b J/ψpK moments analysis [PRL117(2016)082002] Λ b J/ψpπ amplitude analysis [PRL117(2016)082003] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 16 / 24
20 Pentaquark Models Proximity of thresholds suggests two-body contributions Many contributions Session: Exotics Closeby thresholds [MeV] P c (4380) + P c (4450) + Mass 4380 ± 8 ± ± 1.7 ± 2.5 Σ + c D ± 2.4 χ c1 (1P)p ± 0.07 Λ + 0 c D ± 0.35 Σ c D ± 0.5 Σ c D 0 π ± 0.5 [EPJ A51(2015)11,152] Rescattering Hadronic molecules Tightly bound states kinematic effect loosely bound system constituents of color-singlets carrying color (di-quarks) above threshold below threshold no association S-wave binding restricts J P large multiplets Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 17 / 24
21 Pentaquark Models Proximity of thresholds suggests two-body contributions Many contributions Session: Exotics Closeby thresholds [MeV] P c (4380) + P c (4450) + Mass 4380 ± 8 ± ± 1.7 ± 2.5 Σ + c D ± 2.4 χ c1 (1P)p ± 0.07 Λ + 0 c D ± 0.35 Σ c D ± 0.5 Σ c D 0 π ± 0.5 [EPJ A51(2015)11,152] Rescattering Hadronic molecules Tightly bound states kinematic effect loosely bound system constituents of color-singlets carrying color (di-quarks) above threshold below threshold no association S-wave binding restricts J P large multiplets Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 17 / 24
22 Testing Rescattering Models: Λ b χ c1 (1P) p K at LHCb Even in amplitude analyses cusps are difficult to distinguish from real resonances [PRD92(2015)071502] First observation of Λ b χ c1(2) pk phase motion: resonance vs cusp Add complementary data: Rescattering can be ruled out if there is a narrow enhancement in the elastic channel χ c1 (1P) p kinematic constraint χ c = χ c1 J/ψγ [PRL119(2017)062001] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 18 / 24
23 Testing Rescattering Models: Λ b χ c1 (1P) p K at LHCb Even in amplitude analyses cusps are difficult to distinguish from real resonances [PRD92(2015)071502] First observation of Λ b χ c1(2) pk phase motion: resonance vs cusp Add complementary data: Rescattering can be ruled out if there is a narrow enhancement in the elastic channel χ c1 (1P) p kinematic constraint χ c = χ c1 J/ψγ [PRL119(2017)062001] Next step: amplitude analysis Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 18 / 24
24 Pentaquarks with Strangeness? V. Magas. Friday 10:25h Session: Exotics Both final states provide access to strange pentaquarks usdc c s s φ s u K b c c c c J/ψ b c c c c J/ψ Λ 0 b u s P 0 cs s Ξ b d u P 0 cs u d u u Λ s d d Λ d d s s J/ψφ system c cs s Tetraquarks LHCb Analyse B J/ψφK: [PRL118(2017)022003] [PRD95(2017)012002] Less tracks reconstruct Lower Ξ b production cross section Expect comparable statistics Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 19 / 24
25 First Observation of Ξ b J/ψΛK [PLB772(2017)265] f Ξb B(Ξ b J/ψΛK) f Λb B(Λ b J/ψΛ) = (4.19 ± 0.29 ± 0.14) 10 2 m(ξ b ) m(λ b) = ± 0.47 ± 0.16 MeV/c 2 Use Run II data set to study J/ψΛK amplitudes Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 20 / 24
26 Beauty Baryons Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 21 / 24
27 Ξ b Excitations: The Ξ 0 b (5945) Discovered by CMS [PRL108(2012)252002] in Ξ 0 b Ξ b π+ with Ξ b J/ψΞ and Ξ Λ 0 π Compatible with J + = 3/2 + state No other states seen in Ξ b π+ Precise measurement of mass and width at LHCb [JHEP05(2016)161] in Ξ 0 b Ξ b π+ with Ξ b Ξ0 c π and Ξ 0 c pk K π + m(ξ 0 b ) m(ξ b ) m(π+ ) = ±0.068±0.023 MeV ) = 0.90 ± 0.16 ± 0.08 MeV Γ(Ξ 0 b Entries per 0.45 MeV/c LHCb δm [MeV/c ] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 22 / 24
28 Isospin partners: Two Ξ b Excitations [PRL114(2015)062004] Two excited Ξ b states found at LHCb in Ξ b Ξ0 b π with Ξ 0 b Ξ+ c π and Ξ + c pk π + decay angle distributions compatible with quark-model spin assignments Ξ b and Ξ0 b isospin partners Isospin-splitting δm iso 2.3 MeV Isospin partner to Ξ b below Ξ b π+ threshold? δm[mev] Γ[MeV] J P Ξ b ± ± < %C.L. 1/2 + Ξ b ± 0.12 ± ± 0.31 ± /2 + Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 23 / 24
29 Summary LHC is a heavy quark baryon factory Discovery of 5 new Ω c states and Doubly charmed Ξ ++ cc Impressive success for theory this year s highlight More puzzles to solve which role do multiquark states play in the baryon spectrum? Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 24 / 24
30 Backup Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 25 / 24
31 More Theory Predictions compiled in [PRD90(2014)094007] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 26 / 24
32 More Theory Predictions compiled in [PRD90(2014)094007] Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 27 / 24
33 Rescattering: hadronic loops [PRD92(2015)071502] Nonrelativistic loop integral: G Λ (E) = d 3 q (2π) 3 with a form factor f Λ ( q 2 ). q 2 f Λ ( q 2 ) E m 1 m 2 q 2 /2µ Triangle Singularity given by Landau-equation 1 + 2y 12 y 23 y 13 = y y y 2 13 ( y ij = m 2 i + m 2 j (p i + p j ) 2) /2m i m j Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 28 / 24
34 Rescattering: hadronic loops Cusps just above threshold [PRD92(2015)071502] But: no cusp in elastic channel here: pχ c1 Nonrelativistic loop integral: G Λ (E) = d 3 q (2π) 3 with a form factor f Λ ( q 2 ). q 2 f Λ ( q 2 ) E m 1 m 2 q 2 /2µ Triangle Singularity given by Landau-equation 1 + 2y 12 y 23 y 13 = y y y 2 13 ( y ij = m 2 i + m 2 j (p i + p j ) 2) /2m i m j Sebastian Neubert (Uni Heidelberg) Heavy Quark Baryons and Exotica Hadron2017, Salamanca 28 / 24
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