Rate in Thermal Systems
|
|
|
- Giles Robbins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Rate in Thermal Systems Overview Rate in Thermal Systems 1
2 Fundamental Concepts What is the prime mover in the thermal system? temperature difference ( T) What does rate measure in the thermal system? heat flow (Q H ) How does heat flow? from areas of high temp to low temp Rate in Thermal Systems 2
3 Heat Flow Why does heat flow? molecules with high temperature vibrate faster than molecules at lower temperature more kinetic energy when the molecules bump into one another, energy is transferred from the high energy molecule to the low energy molecule this continues until all the molecules have equal energy levels Rate in Thermal Systems 3
4 Heat vs Temperature? What is heat? Heat is a form of energy relating to the vibrating motion of atoms and molecules What is temperature? Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance Rate in Thermal Systems 4
5 Calculation of Heat Flow (Q H ) How do we calculate heat flow? Heat Flow = Heat energy transferred/elapsed time Quantity of heat = amount of heat energy moved per unit time Q H = H/t Rate in Thermal Systems 5
6 Units of Heat Flow - Metric What are the units for heat flow? any unit of heat / any unit of time common units J/s; cal/s; Btu/hr What is a calorie? amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius; Often a kilocalorie = 1000 cal is used SI (metric) unit of heat flow Rate in Thermal Systems 6
7 Units of Heat Flow - British What is a Btu? British thermal unit amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit Rate in Thermal Systems 7
8 Specific Heat What is specific heat? every substance has a unique specific heat it is a fixed quantity and is the amount of heat required to raise one gram of a specific substance by one degree Celsius used to determine the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a mass of a substance Symbol is c Rate in Thermal Systems 8
9 Calculation of Heat Energy What is the equation for calculating heat energy during a temperature change? H = (m)(c)( T), where H = amount of heat m = mass of sample c = specific heat of substance, and T = Final temp initial temp Rate in Thermal Systems 9
10 Example - Specific Heat Calculations What is the specific heat of water? 1 cal/gm- o C or 1 Btu/lb- o F Example How much heat is required to heat 417 pounds of water from 70 o F to 130 o F? H = (m)(c)( T) H = (417 lbs)(1 Btu/lb- o F)(130-70) H = (417)(1)(60) H = 25,020 Btu Rate in Thermal Systems 10
11 Heat Exchange - Hot to Cold Suppose you heat a metal ball and place it in a cup of cold water. How does the heat flow? heat will flow from the ball to the water the amount of heat lost by the metal is equal to the amount of heat gained by the water This is an example of conservation of energy Rate in Thermal Systems 11
12 Example of Heat Exchange Example A 25kg brass ball at 100C is placed in a container of water at 10C. When the brass-water system has stabilized the final temperature is 30C. How much heat (H) was removed from the brass ball and added to the water? (c for brass = kcal/c ) What is the mass of water in the container? Rate in Thermal Systems 12
13 Calculations of Heat Transfer Part 1 H = mc T H = 25 (0.091)(100-30) H = kcal = 159,300 cals Part 2 heat lost by ball was added to water H = mc T 159,300 = m(1)(30-10) 159,300 = 20m m = /20 m = 7965 gm Rate in Thermal Systems 13
14 Heat Flow Rating An air conditioner is rated at 10,000 Btu. What does this mean? The unit can remove heat at a rate of 10,000 Btu per hour This removal of heat will cause a change in temperature Rate in Thermal Systems 14
15 Calculation of Heat Flow Rating Example A 5000 Btu heater runs for 5 hours and 30 minutes. How much (what quantity of) heat is moved? Q H = H/t 5000 Btu/hr = H/5.5 hrs H = 27,500 Btu Rate in Thermal Systems 15
16 Heat flow Rate & Thermal Conductivity What factors affect the heat flow rate (Q H ) across a material of thickness (l), temp difference ( T), area (A) and thermal conductivity (k)? Q H = ka T/l, where Q H is measured in units such as Btu/hr, or cal/sec Rate in Thermal Systems 16
17 Thermal Conductivity Examples Examples of thermal conductivity, in British units, are: Air = 5.7 x 10-4 Corkboard = 0.30 Aluminum = 1400
18 Heat Amount vs Heat Flow Rate H = The amount of heat that can be added to or removed from a body Q H = the rate of heat flow through a material due to a temperature difference across the material, for example: Inner and outer walls on a house, ski jacket, etc Rate in Thermal Systems 18
19 Change of State What is a change of state? changing a substance from a solid to a liquid or a gas Solid-liquid = melt Liquid-gas = vaporize Rate in Thermal Systems 19
20 Types of Heat What is sensible heat? Applied heat that changes the temperature of a substance What is latent heat? Applied heat that does not change the temperature of a substance the applied heat causes the substance to change state (from a solid to liquid) Rate in Thermal Systems 20
21 Latent Heat Schematic Rate in Thermal Systems 21
22 Rate in the Thermal System Example A sample of ice at -10 o C is heated until it becomes steam at 110 o C. Classify the heat changes as latent or sensible. -10 o C ice to 0 o C ice sensible 0 o C ice to 0 o C water latent 0 o C water to 100 o C water sensible 100 o C water to 100 o C steam latent 100 o C steam to 110 o C steam sensible Rate in Thermal Systems 22
23 Temperature measuring devices Thermometers Celsius (C) Fahrenheit (F) Thermocouples The temperature of the junction of 2 different metals translates to voltage Rate in Thermal Systems 23
Figure 1.1. Relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit scales. From Figure 1.1. (1.1)
CHAPTER I ELEMENTS OF APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS 1.1. INTRODUCTION. The Air Conditioning systems extract heat from some closed location and deliver it to other places. To better understanding the principles
For more info visit
Heat:- Heat is the agent which produces in us the sensation of warmth and makes bodies hot. It is form of energy. The part of thermal energy which flows from one body to the other due to temperature difference
Unit 5 Thermodynamics
Unit 5 Thermodynamics Unit 13: Heat and Temperature Unit 14: Thermal Expansion /Heat Exchange/ Change of Phase Test: Units 13-14 Thermal Energy The total kinetic and potential energy of all the molecules
UNIT 1 - FORCE TEMPERATURE IN THERMAL SYSTEMS ACTIVITY LESSON DESCRIPTION SCORE/POINTS
NAME PERIOD UNIT 1 - FORCE TEMPERATURE IN THERMAL SYSTEMS ACTIVITY LESSON DESCRIPTION SCORE/POINTS 1. TX PP. 64-76 /46 2. WS READING GUIDE CONCEPT APPLICATION /21 3. MS MATH PRACTICE (Heat formula) /20
SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY AND HEAT OF FUSION
SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY AND HEAT OF FUSION Apparatus on each table: Thermometer, metal cube, complete calorimeter, outer calorimeter can (aluminum only), balance, 4 styrofoam cups, graduated container,
0 o K is called absolute zero. Water Freezes: 273 o K Water Boils: 373 o K
Part I Notes Temperature and Heat The terms at the right all mean the same thing. The heat energy of a substance is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all of the atoms and molecules in the
Page 1 SPH3U. Heat. What is Heat? Thermal Physics. Waterloo Collegiate Institute. Some Definitions. Still More Heat
SPH3U Thermal Physics electrons and holes in semiconductors An Introductory ourse in Thermodynamics converting energy into work magnetism thin films and surface chemistry thermal radiation (global warming)
Chapter 5 Energy and States of Matter. Changes of State. Melting and Freezing. Calculations Using Heat of Fusion
Chapter 5 Energy and States of Matter Changes of State 5.6 Melting and Freezing 5.7 Boiling and Condensation 1 2 Melting and Freezing A substance is melting while it changes from a solid to a liquid. A
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
Physical Science Chapter 5 Cont2. Temperature & Heat
Physical Science Chapter 5 Cont2 Temperature & Heat What are we going to study? Temperature Heat Specific Heat and Latent Heat Heat Transfer Phases of Matter The Kinetic Theory of Gases Thermodynamics
Thermal Process Control Lap 4 Thermal Energy. Notes:
Thermal Process Control Lap 4 Thermal Energy Notes: 1) Temperature Measurement a) Define temperature i) A measure of the amount of heat contained in a solid, liquid, or gas ii) Result of molecular motion
Chapter 10 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 10 Temperature and Heat Thermodynamics deals with 1. Temperature. 2. The transfer and transformation of energy. 3. The relationship between macroscopic properties and microscopic dynamics. Temperature
Chapter 11. Energy in Thermal Processes
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
Temperature and Its Measurement
Temperature and Its Measurement When the physical properties are no longer changing, the objects are said to be in thermal equilibrium. Two or more objects in thermal equilibrium have the same temperature.
Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law
Chapters 17 &19 Temperature, Thermal Expansion and The Ideal Gas Law Units of Chapter 17 & 19 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work
ENERGY. Unit 12: IPC
ENERGY Unit 12: IPC WHAT IS ENERGY? Energy- is the ability to do work. Energy is the ability to cause a change. Energy can change an object s: motion shape temperature color THERMAL internal motion of
Chapter 2 Heat, Temperature and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 2 Heat, Temperature and the First Law of Thermodynamics 2.1. Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 2.2. Thermal Expansion 2.3. Heat and the Absorption of Heat by Solids and Liquids 2.4.
level of heat heat intensity
TEMPERATURE The level of heat or heat intensity Measured with thermometers English system Fahrenheit ( F) Metric system Celsius ( C) Fahrenheit Absolute scale Rankine ( R) Celsius Absolute scale - Kelvin
Chapter 12. Temperature and Heat
Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat 12.1 Common Temperature Scales Temperatures are reported in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit. Kelvin Scale 100 o C or 212 o F T K = T + 273.15 Temperature changes,
Module - 1: Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics: Module - : Thermodynamics Thermodynamics (Greek: thermos = heat and dynamic = change) is the study of the conversion of energy between heat and other forms, mechanical in particular. All
Core Concepts. PowerPoint Lectures to accompany Physical Science, 8e. Chapter 4 Heat and Temperature. New Symbols for this Chapter 2/14/2011
PowerPoint Lectures to accompany Physical Science, 8e Chapter 4 Heat and Temperature Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. New Symbols for this Chapter
Temperature and Thermometers. Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. Most materials expand when heated.
Heat Energy Temperature and Thermometers Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. Most materials expand when heated. Thermometers are instruments designed to measure temperature. In order
Chapter 16. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 16 Temperature and Heat Units of Chapter 16 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermal Expansion Heat and Mechanical Work Specific Heats Conduction, Convection,
Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat
Chapter 14 Temperature and Heat To understand temperature and temperature scales. To describe thermal expansion and its applications. To explore and solve problems involving heat, phase changes and calorimetry.
A). Yes. B). No. Q15 Is it possible for a solid metal ball to float in mercury?
Q15 Is it possible for a solid metal ball to float in mercury? A). Yes. B). No. The upward force is the weight of liquid displaced and the downward force is the weight of the ball. If the density of the
Recap. There are 3 different temperature scales: Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit
Recap Temperature, T, is related to the average kinetic energy of each atom/molecule the given material consists of: The ideal gas law relates pressure to density and temperature: There are 3 different
Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is the study of the collective properties of a system containing many bodies (typically of order 10 23!
Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of the collective properties of a system containing many bodies (typically of order 10 23!) Chapter18 Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of the thermal
Physics 100 Lecture 5. Laws of Thermodynamics February 5, 2018
3 Physics 100 Lecture 5 Laws of Thermodynamics February 5, 2018 4 Class Quiz 2-3: A block of wood loses 100 J of gravitational potential energy as it slides down a ramp. If it has 90 J of kinetic energy
PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems. Temperature, Heat & The First Law of Thermodynamics
PHYS102 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 18 Temperature, Heat & The First Law of Thermodynamics Equilibrium & temperature scales Thermal expansion Exchange of heat First law of thermodynamics Heat conduction
Lecture 22. Temperature and Heat
Lecture 22 Temperature and Heat Today s Topics: 0 th Law of Thermodynamics Temperature Scales Thermometers Thermal Expansion Heat, Internal Energy and Work Heat Transfer Temperature and the Zeroth Law
Topic 5: Energetics. Heat & Calorimetry. Thursday, March 22, 2012
Topic 5: Energetics Heat & Calorimetry 1 Heat is energy that is transferred from one object to another due to a difference in temperature Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a body
Thermal energy. Thermal energy is the internal energy of a substance. I.e. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules.
Thermal energy Thermal energy is the internal energy of a substance. I.e. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between substances. Until the
AAST/AEDT AP PHYSICS B: HEAT
1 AAST/AEDT AP PHYSICS B: HEAT If we contact two objects with the different temperatures, the hotter one starts to cool and the colder one starts to increase its temperature. The effect can be easily explained.
Temp vs. Heat. Absolute Temperature Scales. Common Temperature Scales. Thermal Energy. Heat and Temperature are not the same!!
Thermal Energy Heat and Temperature are not the same!! Cold is the absence of heat, not an energy Same concept as light/dark Cold can t come in, heat flows out Heat flows from High Temp Low Temp Temp vs.
Honors Physics. Notes Nov 16, 20 Heat. Persans 1
Honors Physics Notes Nov 16, 20 Heat Persans 1 Properties of solids Persans 2 Persans 3 Vibrations of atoms in crystalline solids Assuming only nearest neighbor interactions (+Hooke's law) F = C( u! u
Chapter 11. Important to distinguish between them. They are not interchangeable. They mean very different things when used in physics Internal Energy
Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Energy Transfer When two objects of different temperatures are placed in thermal contact, the temperature of the warmer decreases and the temperature of the cooler
* Defining Temperature * Temperature is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules. * Temperature * Internal energy
* Defining Temperature * We associate temperature with how hot or cold an object feels. * Our sense of touch serves as a qualitative indicator of temperature. * Energy must be either added or removed from
Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics
Lecture 2: Zero law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and temperature scales 2. Thermal contact and thermal equilibrium 3. Zeroth law of thermodynamics 1. Thermometers and Temperature scales We often associate
Temperature Energy and Heat
CHAPTER 3 Temperature Energy and Heat 3.1 Temperature What is temperature? Why is temperature important in chemistry? How is energy related to temperature? 2 3.1 Temperature Milk fat particles are being
Thermal Energy. Thermal Energy is the TRANSFER of kinetic energy between two objects that are at different temperatures.
Thermal Energy Thermal Energy is the TRANSFER of kinetic energy between two objects that are at different temperatures. And remember: heat will always transfer from a warm object to a cold object. HEAT
Lecture 5. > Specific Heat. > Calorimetry. (Source: Cutnell, Giancoli, Tippens) Villacorta--DLSUM-SCIENVP-L Term01
Lecture 5 > Specific Heat > Calorimetry (Source: Cutnell, Giancoli, Tippens) 1 Heat > An increase in a body's temperature is related to the increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules composing the
Per 5 Activity Solutions: Thermal Energy, the Microscopic Picture
er 5 Activity Solutions: Thermal Energy, the Microscopic icture 5. How Is Temperature Related to Molecular Motion? ) Temperature Your instructor will discuss molecular motion and temperature. a) Watch
Thermal Physics. Temperature (Definition #1): a measure of the average random kinetic energy of all the particles of a system Units: o C, K
Thermal Physics Internal Energy: total potential energy and random kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance Symbol: U Units: J Internal Kinetic Energy: arises from random translational, vibrational,
Chapter 7 Notes. Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion
Chapter 7 Notes Section 7.1 Matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion Atomic Theory Greek philosophers (430 BC ) Democritus and Leucippus proposed that matter is made of tiny particles called
CHAPTER 17 Thermochemistry
CHAPTER 17 Thermochemistry Thermochemistry The study of the heat changes that occur during chemical reactions and physical changes of state. Chemical Change: new substances created during chemical reaction
2,000-gram mass of water compared to a 1,000-gram mass.
11.2 Heat To change the temperature, you usually need to add or subtract energy. For example, when it s cold outside, you turn up the heat in your house or apartment and the temperature goes up. You know
Ch 100: Fundamentals for Chemistry
Ch 100: Fundamentals for Chemistry Chapter 4: Properties of Matter Lecture Notes Physical & Chemical Properties Physical Properties are the characteristics of matter that can be changed without changing
Chapter 5: Thermochemistry. Problems: , , 5.100, 5.106, 5.108, , 5.121, 5.126
Chapter 5: Thermochemistry Problems: 5.1-5.95, 5.97-98, 5.100, 5.106, 5.108, 5.118-5.119, 5.121, 5.126 Energy: Basic Concepts and Definitions energy: capacity to do work or to produce heat thermodynamics:
SPECIFIC HEAT OF WATER LAB 11-2
CONCEPT Heat of Fusion Changes of state (phase changes) involve the conversion or transition of matter from one of the common states (solid, liquid or gas) to another. Examples include fusion or melting
High temperature He is hot
Lecture 9 What is Temperature and Heat? High temperature He is hot Some important definitions * Two objects are in Thermal contact with each other if energy can be exchanged between them. Thermal equilibrium
18.13 Review & Summary
5/2/10 10:04 PM Print this page 18.13 Review & Summary Temperature; Thermometers Temperature is an SI base quantity related to our sense of hot and cold. It is measured with a thermometer, which contains
Physics 101: Lecture 25 Heat
Final Physics 101: Lecture 25 Heat Today s lecture will cover Textbook Chapter 14.1-14.5 Physics 101: Lecture 25, Pg 1 Internal Energy Energy of all molecules including Random motion of individual molecules»
CHEM What is Energy? Terminology: E = KE + PE. Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics 2 Thermodynamics The study of energy changes accompanying physical and chemical processes. From the laws of thermodynamics, one can: 1. Predict the results of chemical reactions 2. Ascertain
Bell Ringer. What are the formulas to obtain the force, acceleration, and mass? And corresponding units. F= ma M= f/a A= f/m
Bell Ringer What are the formulas to obtain the force, acceleration, and mass? And corresponding units. F= ma M= f/a A= f/m F= N M= kg A= m/s^2 What did we learn about the acceleration rate and gravitational
Atomic Theory, Temperature and Thermal Expansion
Chapter V Thermodynamics Day 1 Atomic Theory, Temperature and Thermal Expansion Sections 13-1, 13-2 and 13-4 Atomic Theory We step back to the atomic level where the atom,ατoµoς, is indivisible, that is,
Chapter 17 Temperature and heat
Chapter 17 Temperature and heat 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium When we speak of objects being hot and cold, we need to quantify this by some scientific method that is quantifiable and reproducible.
Physics 2: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
Physics 2: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics Đào Ngọc Hạnh Tâm Office: A1.503, email: dnhtam@hcmiu.edu.vn HCMIU, Vietnam National University Acknowledgment: Most of these slides are supported by Prof.
Chapter 12. Temperature and Heat. continued
Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat continued 12.3 The Ideal Gas Law THE IDEAL GAS LAW The absolute pressure of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature and the number of moles (n) of
Thermodynamics Test Wednesday 12/20
Thermodynamics Test Wednesday 12/20 HEAT AND TEMPERATURE 1 Temperature Temperature: A measure of how hot (or cold) something is Specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in
matter/index.html
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_ matter/index.html Thermal Energy Ch 6-1 Temperature and Heat Objectives Explain the kinetic theory of matter
Energy in Thermal Processes. Heat and Internal Energy
Energy in Thermal Processes Heat and Internal Energy Internal energy U: associated with the microscopic components of a system: kinetic and potential energies. The larger the number of internal degrees
Physics 2: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
Physics 2: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics Đào Ngọc Hạnh Tâm Office: A1.503, email: dnhtam@hcmiu.edu.vn HCMIU, Vietnam National University Acknowledgment: Most of these slides are supported by Prof.
Thermochemistry. Energy (and Thermochemistry) World of Chemistry Chapter 10. Energy. Energy
Thermochemistry Thermodynamics is the science of the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. (and Thermochemistry) World of Chemistry Chapter 10 is defined as the ability to do work or produce
Fluids Bernoulli s equation
Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work yields a
11/22/11. If you add some heat to a substance, is it possible for the temperature of the substance to remain unchanged?
Physics 101 Tuesday 11/22/11 Class 26" Chapter 17.2, 17.5, 17.6, 18.1, 18.2" Kinetic Theory" Latent Heat" Phase changes" 1 st law of thermodynamics" " Which one is not the assumption in kinetic theory
Lecture 23. Specific Heat and Phase Changes
Lecture 23 Specific Heat and Phase Changes Today s Topics: Heat and Temperature Change Specific heat Heat and Phase Change Latent heat Heat and Temperature Change Heat is energy that flows from a higher-temperature
SUMMARY OF PROPERTIES OF MATTER State Shape Volume Particles Compressibility Solid Definite Definite Densely packed Very slight
MATTER & ITS FORMS Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter can be classified by its states: solid, liquid, and gas. Solid: Densely packed matter with definite shape and volume.
Chemistry 104 Chapter Two PowerPoint Notes
Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Physical Quantities Measurable physical properties such as height, volume, and temperature are called Physical quantity. A number and a unit of defined size is required
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
Chapter 18 Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics Key contents: Temperature scales Thermal expansion Temperature and heat, specific heat Heat and
Kinetic Theory continued
Chapter 12 Kinetic Theory continued 12.4 Kinetic Theory of Gases The particles are in constant, random motion, colliding with each other and with the walls of the container. Each collision changes the
Heat Transfer. Phys101 Lectures 33, 34. Key points: Heat as Energy Transfer Specific Heat Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation.
Phys101 Lectures 33, 34 Heat Transfer Key points: Heat as Energy Transfer Specific Heat Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation. Ref: 14-1,2,3,4,6,7,8. Page 1 Heat as Energy Transfer We often
INDUSTRIAL RESOURCES, INC. Power Plant Fundamentals Training
INDUSTRIAL RESOURCES, INC Power Plant Fundamentals Training Module 2 Power Plant Theory Power Plant Fundamentals Training This program is designed to provide you with a fundamental understanding of power
PROGRAM OF PHYSICS. Lecturer: Dr. DO Xuan Hoi Room A
PROGRAM OF PHYSICS Lecturer: Dr. DO Xuan Hoi Room A1. 503 E-mail : dxhoi@hcmiu.edu.vn PHYSICS 2 (FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL PHYSICS) 02 credits (30 periods) Chapter 1 Fluid Mechanics Chapter 2 Heat, Temperature
HEAT HISTORY. D. Whitehall
1 HEAT HISTORY 18 th Century In the 18 th century it was assumed that there was an invisible substance called caloric. When objects got it was assumed that they gained caloric, therefore hot objects should
4. Thermometry. Temperature and Heat Flow Temperature Scales Thermometers
4. Thermometry Measuring temperature by sensation is very imprecise. That is why we need a temperature scale and a thermometer to measure temperature more accurately. Temperature and Heat Flow Temperature
Kinetic Theory continued
Chapter 12 Kinetic Theory continued 12.4 Kinetic Theory of Gases The particles are in constant, random motion, colliding with each other and with the walls of the container. Each collision changes the
HEAT AND TEMPERATURE Vikasana-Bridge Course 2012
HEAT AND TEMPERATURE TOPICS Introduction Effects of heat Specific heat Basics of thermodynamics Introduction Heat may be defined as energy in transit from a high temperature region to a lower temperature
Conceptual Physics Fundamentals
Conceptual Physics Fundamentals Chapter 8: TEMPERATURE, HEAT, AND THERMODYNAMICS This lecture will help you understand: Temperature Absolute Zero Internal Energy Heat Quantity of Heat The Laws of Thermodynamics
the energy of motion!
What are the molecules of matter doing all the time?! Heat and Temperature! Notes! All matter is composed of continually jiggling atoms or molecules! The jiggling is! If something is vibrating, what kind
Archimedes Principle
Archimedes Principle applies in air the more air an object displaces, the greater the buoyant force on it if an object displaces its weight, it hovers at a constant altitude if an object displaces less
Chapter 3: Matter and Energy
Chapter 3: Matter and Energy Convert between Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin temperature scales. Relate energy, temperature change, and heat capacity. The atoms and molecules that compose matter are in
Physics 111. Lecture 35 (Walker: ) Thermal Physics I: Temperature Thermal Expansion. April 29, Temperature (T)
Physics 111 Lecture 35 (Walker: 16.1-3) Thermal Physics I: Temperature Thermal Expansion April 29, 2009 Lecture 35 1/26 Temperature (T) Temperature (T) is a measure of how hot or cold something is Temperature
We call the characteristic of a system that determines how much its temperature will change heat capacity.
3/3 Measuring Heat If all we do is add heat to a system its temperature will rise. How much the temperature rises depends on the system. We call the characteristic of a system that determines how much
Thermodynamics. Temperature, Heat, Work Heat Engines
Thermodynamics Temperature, Heat, Work Heat Engines Introduction In mechanics we deal with quantities such as mass, position, velocity, acceleration, energy, momentum, etc. Question: What happens to the
Exercises Temperature (pages ) 1. Define temperature. 2. Explain how a common liquid thermometer works.
Exercises 21.1 Temperature (pages 407 408) 1. Define temperature. 2. Explain how a common liquid thermometer works. Match each number with the corresponding description. Temperature Description 3. 273
Preview. Heat Section 1. Section 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium. Section 2 Defining Heat. Section 3 Changes in Temperature and Phase
Heat Section 1 Preview Section 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium Section 2 Defining Heat Section 3 Changes in Temperature and Phase Heat Section 1 TEKS The student is expected to: 6E describe how the
1. Thermal energy is transferred through the glass windows of a house mainly by. D. radiation and convection. (1)
1. Thermal energy is transferred through the glass windows of a house mainly by A. conduction. B. radiation. C. conduction and convection. D. radiation and convection. 2. The specific latent heat of vaporization
BRCC CHM 101 Class Notes Chapter 1 Page 1 of 7
BRCC CHM 101 Class Notes Chapter 1 Page 1 of 7 Chemistry - the study of matter, its behavior and interactions. matter - anything that takes up space and has mass mass - the substance which makes up the
Start Part 2. Tro's "Introductory Chemistry", Chapter 3
Start Part 2 1 Separation of Mixtures Separate mixtures based on different physical properties of the components. Physical change. Different Physical Property Boiling point State of matter (solid/liquid/gas)
PHYSICS 220. Lecture 24. Textbook Sections Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1
PHYSICS 220 Lecture 24 Heat Textbook Sections 14.4 14.5 Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 1 Exam 2 Average: 96.7 out of 150 Std Dev: 30.5 Lecture 25 Purdue University, Physics 220 2 Overview Last
Answer: The relation between kelvin scale and Celsius scale is TK =TC => TC=TK
Question The triple points of neon and carbon dioxide are 24.57 K and 216.55 K respectively. Express these temperatures on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales. Answer: The relation between kelvin scale and
Preview of Period 4: Transfer of Thermal Energy
Preview of Period 4: Transfer of Thermal Energy 4.1 Temperature and Thermal Energy How is temperature measured? What temperature scales are used? 4.2 How is Thermal Energy Transferred? How do conduction,
Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion
Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work
Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion
Chapter 11 Fluids Bernoulli s equation conclusion 11.9 Bernoulli s Equation W NC = ( P 2! P 1 )V W NC = E 1! E 2 = 1 mv 2 + mgy 2 1 1 ( )! ( 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 2 2 ) ( P 2! P 1 ) = 1 "v 2 + "gy 2 1 1 NC Work
CALORIEMETRY. Similar to the other forms of the energy, The S.I unit of heat is joule. joule is represented as J.
CALORIEMETRY CALORIMETRY Heat is the kinetic energy due to random motion of the molecules of a substance is called heat energy. Heat is a an invisible energy, that causes in us the sensation of hotness
Physics Mechanics
1 Physics 170 - Mechanics Lecture 35 Heat 2 Definition and Units of Heat Heat is a form of energy, and therefore is measured in joules. There are other units of heat, the most common one is the kilocalorie:
Thermochemistry. Energy. 1st Law of Thermodynamics. Enthalpy / Calorimetry. Enthalpy of Formation
THERMOCHEMISTRY Thermochemistry Energy 1st Law of Thermodynamics Enthalpy / Calorimetry Hess' Law Enthalpy of Formation The Nature of Energy Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy Kinetic energy is the energy
PowerPoint Presentation by: Associated Technical Authors. Publisher The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc. Tinley Park, Illinois
Althouse Turnquist Bracciano PowerPoint Presentation by: Associated Technical Authors Publisher The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc. Tinley Park, Illinois Chapter 1 History and Fundamentals of Refrigeration
Chapter 21: Temperature, Heat and Expansion
Chapter 21: Temperature, Heat and Expansion All matter solid, liquid and gas is made of atoms or molecules, which are continually jiggling. As this jiggling is a movement, all these particles must have
Chapter States and Properties of Matter. The Periodic Table of the Elements Classification of Matter. 3.5 Energy and Nutrition
Chapter 3 Atoms are the building blocks from which all other things are built. The Periodic Table of the Elements 3.1 - Classification of Matter 3.2 States and Properties of Matter 3.3 Temperature 3.4