Contents. List of contributors Preface. Part I Nanostructure design and structural properties of epitaxially grown quantum dots and nanowires 1

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1 Table of List of contributors Preface page xi xv Part I Nanostructure design and structural properties of epitaxially grown quantum dots and nanowires 1 1 Growth of III V semiconductor quantum dots C. Schneider, S. Höfling and A. Forchel Introduction Properties of semiconductor quantum dots Epitaxial growth of quantum dots on GaAs substrates Quantum dot growth on InP substrates Conclusion 17 References 18 2 Single semiconductor quantum dots in nanowires: growth, optics, and devices M. E. Reimer, N. Akopian, M. Barkelid, G. Bulgarini, R. Heeres, M. Hocevar, B. J. Witek, E. P. A. M. Bakkers and V. Zwiller Introduction Nanowire quantum dot growth Optical properties of nanowire quantum dots Nanowire quantum dot devices 30 References 37 3 Atomic-scale analysis of self-assembled quantum dots by cross-sectional scanning, tunneling microscopy, and atom probe tomography J. G. Keizer and P. M. Koenraad Introduction Specimen preparation 41 v

2 Table of vi 3.3 Quantum dot analysis by X-STM Application to control of quantum dot formation Outlook: atom probe tomography Conclusion 58 References 58 Part II Manipulation of individual quantum states in quantum dots using optical techniques 61 4 Studies of the hole spin in self-assembled quantum dots using optical techniques B. D. Gerardot and R. J. Warburton Self-assembled quantum dots as host for spin qubits Motivating factors for hole spins Spectroscopy of few-level systems Hole spin sample design Spin initialization, manipulation, and read-out Strength of the hole hyperfine interaction Summary and outlook 80 Acknowledgements 80 References 81 5 Resonance fluorescence from a single quantum dot A. N. Vamivakas, C. Matthiesen, Y. Zhao, C.-Y. Lu and M. Atatüre Introduction Resonance fluorescence from a two-level system Observation of resonance fluorescence Conclusion 100 References Coherent control of quantum dot excitons using ultra-fast optical techniques: the role of acoustic phonons A. J. Ramsay and A. M. Fox Introduction Experimental methods Candidate mechanisms for the intensity damping Temperature-dependent measurements of Rabi rotations Model of LA-phonon induced dephasing Comparison of experiment to model Outlook 115 Acknowledgements 115 References 115

3 Table of vii 7 Holes in quantum dot molecules: structure, symmetry, and spin M. F. Doty and J. I. Climente Introduction Growth and spectroscopic characterization of QDMs Anticrossings and the formation of molecular states Spin projections and Zeeman splitting Antibonding molecular ground states Hole-spin mixing Summary 132 References 132 Part III Optical properties of quantum dots in photonic cavities and plasmon-coupled dots Deterministic light matter coupling with single quantum dots P. Senellart QDs in cavities: basics, motivation, first demonstrations Determininistic coupling of a QD to a cavity An ultrabright source of entangled photon pairs Some perspectives 149 References Quantum dots in photonic crystal cavities A. Faraon, D. Englund, I. Fushman, A. Majumdar and J. Vučković Introduction Quantum dots and photonic crystals Experimental techniques Probing the strong-coupling regime Nonlinear optics at the single photon level Applications and future directions 165 References Photon statistics in quantum dot micropillar emission M. Aßmann and M. Bayer Introduction Theoretical background Experimental approaches Experimental results Summary and outlook 182 References Nanoplasmonics with colloidal quantum dots V. V. Temnov and U. Woggon Introduction 185

4 Table of viii 11.2 Optical and electronic properties of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots Surface plasmons in low-dimensional metallic nanostructures Coupling of quantum dots to metal surfaces Practical application: QD-based all-optical plasmonic modulator Perspective: quantum optics with surface plasmons 197 References 197 Part IV Quantum dot nano-laboratory: magnetic ions and nuclear spins in a dot Dynamics and optical control of an individual Mn spin in a quantum dot L. Besombes, C. Le Gall, H. Boukari and H. Mariette Introduction II VI diluted magnetic semiconductor QDs Optical Mn spin orientation Resonant optical pumping of a single Mn spin Conclusion 218 References Optical spectroscopy of InAs/GaAs quantum dots doped with a single Mn atom O. Krebs and A. Lemaître Introduction The Mn acceptor impurity A Micro-photoluminescence setup in magnetic field Zero-field signature of Mn doping Energy levels for trions in zero field Photoluminescence in a longitudinal magnetic field Excitons versus trions Coupling to dark states due to anisotropic exchange Theoretical simulation of PL spectra Conclusion 234 References Nuclear spin effects in quantum dot optics B. Urbaszek, B. Eble, T. Amand and X. Marie Introduction Carrier spin decoherence Dynamic nuclear polarization Perspectives 250 References 251

5 Table of ix Part V Electron transport in quantum dots fabricated by lithographic techniques from III V semiconductors and graphene Electrically controlling single spin coherence in semiconductor nanostructures Y. Dovzhenko, K. Wang, M. D. Schroer and J. R. Petta Introduction Sample fabrication Measurement technology Quantum control Outlook 272 Acknowledgements 273 References Theory of electron and nuclear spins in III V semiconductor and carbon-based dots H. Ribeiro and G. Burkard The magnetic hyperfine Hamiltonian Nuclear nuclear interactions Hyperfine interaction in semiconductor-based quantum dots Hyperfine interaction in carbon-based quantum dots 290 References Graphene quantum dots: transport experiments and local imaging S. Schnez, J. Guettinger, F. Molitor, C. Stampfer, M. Huefner, T. Ihn and K. Ensslin Introduction Theoretical background Transport experiments Scanning-gate microscopy Summary and outlook 312 References 313 Part VI Single dots for future telecommunications applications Electrically operated entangled light sources based on quantum dots R. M. Stevenson, A. J. Bennett and A. J. Shields Introduction Electrically driven entangled light generation Electrical control of entangled light Interaction of entangled exciton photon states with nuclei Conclusion 337 References 337

6 Table of x 19 Deterministic single quantum dot cavities at telecommunication wavelengths D. Dalacu, K. Mnaymneh, J. Lapointe, G. C. Aers, P. J. Poole, R. L. Williams and S. Hughes Introduction Directed self-assembly Spectroscopy of site-controlled single quantum dots Integration of site-controlled quantum dots and cavities Conclusion 352 References 353 Index 356

QUANTUM DOTS: OPTICS, ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS

QUANTUM DOTS: OPTICS, ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS A comprehensive review of cutting-edge solid state research, focusing on its prominent example quantum dot nanostructures this book features