XY model in 2D and 3D
|
|
- Winfred Ramsey
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 XY model in 2D and 3D Gabriele Sicuro PhD school Galileo Galilei University of Pisa September 18, 2012
2 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion Part I The XY model, duality and loop expansion
3 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion Why the XY model? An important model used, for example, in superconductivity. It presents a particular phase transition involving topological excitations (vortices). It is dual to other interesting models (Coulomb gas model, sos model... )
4 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion The XY model in d dimensions Towards a dual model The Hamiltonian of the XY model in d dimensions is given by βh = β [ cos( µθ i) Z = δθ exp β ] cos( µθ i), θ i ( π, π], µ,i µ;i where µθ i = θ i θ i ˆµ is the discrete derivative in the µ direction. It is invariant under the transformation µθ i µθ i + 2πn µ,i, n µ,i Z. We can expand the hamiltonian using the identity e a cos b = + n= I n(a) e inb, I n(x) modified Bessel function. Then for k µ;i Z, substituting and integrating in θ, Z = δθ e β cos( µθi) = µ;i e ln I k µ;i (β) δ ki,0 }{{} µ,i {k µ;i } null divergence k i = (k µ;i) µ=1,...d
5 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion Using Einstein s notation µk µ;i = 0 so XY model in 2D and 3D d = 2 d = 3 k µ;i = ɛ µν νφ i k µ;i = ɛ µνλ νφ λ,i φ i Z φ i Z 3 the new field is located on the dual lattice Z = ( ) exp ln I ɛµν ν φ i (β) Z = ( ) exp ln I ɛµνλ ν φ λ,i (β) {φi} {φi } µ;i ( ) exp V({ɛ φ}) {φi} µ;i From now on we will work on the dual lattice.
6 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion Poisson summation formula We can use now the Poisson summation formula d = 2 must be invariant under φ i φ i +φ 0, φ 0 R {}}{ e V({ɛ φ}) = δφ e V({ɛ φ})+2πi i m iφ i, {mi} {φ} δφ = def d φ i i }{{} now φ is a continuous field! In the previous formula m i Z. Imposing the invariance i mi = 0. d = 3 must be invariant under φ µ;i φ µ;i + µρ i {}}{ e V({ɛ φ}) = δφ e V({ɛ φ})+2πi i m i φ i, {mi} {φ} δφ def = µ;i d φ µ;i In the previous formula m i Z 3. Imposing the invariance m i = 0.
7 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion Low temperature expansion Now expanding in n, considering β 1 (low temperature behaviour) and omitting multiplicative constants, we can substitute ln I n(β) 1 2β n2 Z δφ {mi} d = 2 d = 3 ( µφj ) 2 +2πi m j φ j Z δφ {m} e 1 2β e 1 2β (ɛµνλ ν φ λ,j ) 2 +2πim j φ j By a gaussian integration over φ i we obtain Z {mi} e πβ r r m(r)v2(r r )m(r ) Z {m} e πβ r r m(r) m(r )V 3(r r ) where V d (r) is the Green function on the lattice.
8 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion 2D XY model for low temperature The Coulomb gas For d = 2, after some calculations we obtain, removing the divergence V 2(r) Ṽ 2(r) = def V 2(r) V 2(0) = ln r c, c R + Z = {mi} e πβ r r m(r)m(r ) ln r πcβ r m2 (r) i.e., the system is equivalent to a neutral ( r m(r) = 0) Coulomb gas in 2D! The variables m(r) are called vortex variables (topological excitations), because it can be shown GO! that m(r) 1 δθ, 2π γ γ walk surrounding r on the lattice.
9 The XY model XY model in 2D and 3D; vortex loop expansion 3D XY model for low temperature QED analogy and smoke rings In 3D the partition function looks as the generating function for free photons with φ(r) A(r): Z δφ e 2β 1 j (ɛ µνλ ν φ λ,j ) 2 Ignoring gauge issues V 3(r) 1 r Biot-Savart law Moreover m(r) = 0 so currents m(r) generate closed loops (smoke rings). Introduce a new current loop variable L: Z = {m L } e πβ L,L r r ml (r) m L (r )V 3(r r )
10 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Part II Scaling and Renormalization group
11 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Phase transition in the 2D model? Mermin Wagner Hohenberg theorem and Kosterlitz Thouless argument Mermin Wagner Hoenberg theorem There cannot be any spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry in a system in d 2 dimensions. but 1. suppose that vortices are separated by a distance L 0 in a lattice with step a; 2. by analogy with ( electromagnetic theory, they have energy βe = β m ) 2 d 2 r = πm 2 β ln L0 ; 2 r a L0 a 3. there are ( L 0 ) 2 a different position for them { βf (πm 2 β 2) ln L0 a β > 2 f > 0 free vortices suppressed π β < 2 f < 0 free vortices with m = ±1 proliferate π There is a transition regarding vortices for β 2 π! No spontaneous magnetization appears for β +.
12 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography The fugacity: a control parameter for vorticity Z = exp πβ m(r) ln r a m(r ) πcβ {mi} r r r m 2 (r) exp πβ m(r) ln r a m(r ) y r m2 (r), {mi} r r with y = e πcβ fugacity, y 0 for β +.
13 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Renormalization Group procedure First step: integrate We consider near the transition only vortex pairs m(r 1) + m(r 2) = 0, m(r) = ±1 (lowest energy excitations). Integration on pairs at distances a < r 1 r 2 < a(1 + δl) so: Z = Z + + δz 1. Z + = sum of configurations with vortex separations greater than a(1 + δl); 2. δz interaction between one pair of separation between a and a(1 + δl) and the others pairs δz = e βh + {m} δz Z + = 1 + y2 m(r 1),m(r 2)=±1 a< r 1 r 2 <a(1+δl) m(r 1)=±1 r 1 r 2 [a,a(1+δl)] y 2 e πβ r m(r) [ d 2 r 1 d 2 r 2 a 2 a 2 m(r 1) ln r 1 r +m(r a 2) ln r ] 2 r a r r 1,r 2 e πβm(r1) ln r1 r r2 r m(r) e y2 δl 2πL2 a }{{ 2 } e π4 y 2 β 2 δl r r m(r ) ln r scaling law for f r m(r ) a
14 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Renormalization Group procedure Second step: rescale Rescaling to the new minimum scale a a(1 + δl) we obtain two contributions to fugacity ln r a = ln So finally r + δl e πβδl r m2 (r) a(1 + δl) d 2 r a 2 Z = e y2 δl 2πL2 a 2 = (1 + 2δl) {m i } d 2 r a 2 (1 + δl) ( δl) r m 2 (r) e 2δl r m2 (r) e π(β π3 y 2 β 2 δl) ( r r m(r) ln r a m(r ) y e (2 πβδ)l) r m2 (r) up to an infinite constant e πβ r r m(r) ln r a m(r ) y r m2 (r) {mi}
15 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Kosterlitz Thouless scaling equations dβ dl = π3 β 2 y 2, dy dl = (2 πβ)y TKT = π 2 For T < T TK the model can have thermally generated topological excitations in pairs of vortices with m = ±1 Show me! : G(r) 1. r πβ 1 For T > T TK pairs are separated and Show me! G(r) e r ξ with ξ e (T T KT) 12. y Note that ξ (T T KT) ν
16 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Scaling and renormalization in 3D Preparation to the analysis Let us rewrite the partition function for the 3D XY model as Z = y (L) exp πβ J (L) (r ) J (L ) (r )U(r r ) L L {J (L) } L where y (L) is the fugacity for each loop L of diameter a L and core dimension a c: r r y (L) = exp πβ J (L) (r) J (L) (r )U(r r Warning! Approximation in progress ) J µ(r)=0,±1,circular loop of diameter a L r r a La [ ] exp 2π 2 β al al ln = e 2π2 β ln ac a a a c }{{} e 2π2 β a L a ln a L a y Z = y a L a e 2π 2 β a L a ln a L a exp πβ J (L) (r) J (L ) (r )U(r r ) L L L r r {J (L) }
17 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography RG procedure: a sketch 1. For N loops we can explicit the sum over loop configurations assuming J µ(r) = 0, ±1 (low energy configurations), circular loops of center R so that r (L) = R (L) + ρ (L) : {J} 1 N! }{{} N N=0 J (L) L=1 µ =0,±1 shuffling centers d 3 R (L) a 3 d 3 ρ (L) a 3 2. We can repeat the Kosterlitz procedure for d = 2, decomposing Z = Z + + δz integrating over loops of radius ρ ( a 2, a 2 (1 + δl)). 3. Rescaling all explicit scale dependences: a L a = a L a(1 + δl) (1 + δl), U(r) 1 r = 1 (1 + δl). a(1 + δl)r Finally we can extract the renormalization equation that leave invariant the partition function.
18 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Scaling equation in the 3D XY model dβ dl = β 2π3 3 yβ2, ( dy dl = y 6 π2 2 β ln a ) + 1 a c }{{} h self energy β is not marginal. Trivial fixed point: β = y = 0. High temperature: β = 0 y = y 0 e 6l + i.e., vorticity proliferates. Low temperature: y = 0, β = β 0 e l. Nontrivial fixed point y β = 12 π 2 h, y = h 0.0 8π
19 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Linearized solutions Writing y = y (1 + δy) and β = β (1 + δβ) { dβ = β dl Ayβ2, = y(6 Bβ) dy dl d ( ) ( δy 6 Bβ = dl δβ { β = 6 B being d y = B dl 6A Eigenvalues and eigenvectors: λ + = 2, v + = 1 ( ) 3, 10 1 }{{} relevant Bβ 1 2Ay β Aβ y ( ) δy = δβ ) ( ) δy δβ ( ) }{{} A, B indipendent ) λ = 3, v = 1 ( }{{} irrelevant ( ) δy δβ We assume that the relevant axis is the temperature axis, i.e., λ + is the temperature eigenvalue, so, from general theory loop size ξ (T T c) ν with ν = 1 λ + = 1 2
20 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Conclusions We have studied the XY model in 2D and 3D in absence of external fields. We have obtained the following results. 2D model In 2D there is no spontaneous magnetization at T 0 but at T = T KT the system undergoes to a Kosterlitz Thouless transition: for T < T KT free vortices are suppressed but there are pairs vortex antivortex; ξ = + for T > T KT free vortices proliferate; ξ finite. 3D model A duality transformation shows that the model is equivalent to an abelian gauge theory on a lattice (e.g., QED). Vortex lines are found as topological excitations. A phase transition occurs for a certain T c between a phase where linear vortices are suppressed (T < T c) and a phase with linear vortices are favoured (T > T c). It can be shown that spontaneous magnetization for T 0 is present.
21 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Thank you for your attention!
22 Scaling and renormalization in 2D Scaling and renormalization in 3D Conclusions Bibliography Bibliography CARDY, J., Scaling and Renormalization in Statistical Physics, Cambridge Lecture Notes in Physics 5 (1996). CHATTOPADHYAY, B., Anisotropic 3D XY model and vortex loops, PhD dissertation, DODGSON, M., Vortex-unbinding transition in the 2D-XY model, lecture notes in Statistical Physics at MIT. KOSTERLITZ, J.M., The critical properties of the two-dimensional xy model, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys., 7, , (1974). SAVIT, R., Topological Excitations in U(1)-Invariant Theories, Phys. Rev. Lett., 30(2), 55 58, (1977). SAVIT, R., Vortices and the low-temperature structure of the x-y model, Phys. Rev. B, 17(3), , (1979). SAVIT, R., Duality in field theory and statistical systems, Rev. Mod. Phys., 52(2), , (1980). SHENOY, S.R., Notes on Josephson Junction Arrays (1989). SHENOY, S.R., Vortex-loop scaling in the three-dimensional XY ferromagnet, Phys. Rev. B, 40(7), , (1980).
23 Meaning of m fields clarified Correlation length in 2D XY model Part III Appendix
24 Meaning of m fields clarified Correlation length in 2D XY model Additional notes: meaning of φ and m in 2D XY model The Villain approximation At low temperature in a lattice of N sites µθ i 2πn µ;i, n µ;i Z. To take into account the periodicity, we consider θ i R. In this case n µ;i n µ;i + µρ i, ρ i Z, is a redefinition of θ i and we have to fix a gauge to do not overcount the configurations. Z = (2β e 2β ) N {n} = (4πβ e 2β ) N {n} + δθ = (4πβ e 2β ) N {n} + δk µ exp [ k2 µ;j 2β δk µ exp [ k2 µ;j 2β 2πikµ;jnµ;j + ikµ;j( µθj 2πnµ;j) ] i δ ki,0 ] null divergence condition k µ;i =ɛ µν ν φ i δφ exp [ 1 ] 2β ( µφj)2 + 2πiφ jɛ µν µn ν;j i.e, m i = ɛ µν µn ν;i. If µθ i = µθ i 2πn µ;i then for a loop γ µθ = 2π m s, s dual sites in γ γ s Back to the 3D model!
25 Meaning of m fields clarified Correlation length in 2D XY model The correlation lenght in the 2D XY model Below the critical temperature Below the critical temperature we suppose θ small; in the continuum limit So βh = β ij cos(θ i θ j) constant β ( θ) 2 d 2 r 2 G(r) G(0) 1 ln r + constant 2πβ s(r) s(0) R e i(θr θ0) = e (θr θ 0) 2 2 = e G(r) G(0) = 1 r 1 2πβ η = 1 2πβ Back!
26 Meaning of m fields clarified Correlation length in 2D XY model The correlation lenght in the 2D XY model Above the critical temperature Above the critical temperature, being ξ e l, we denote { dx dl Ay2 dy dl = xy l = l 0 d l = x(l) x(0) { x = 2 πβ t = T T KT T KT dy dx = x Ay Ay2 x 2 = constant 2Ay(0) 2 t near the critical line d x Ay 2 = x(l) x(0) d x x 2 + 2Ay(0) 2 t + d x x 2 + 2Ay(0) 2 t = so π 2Ay(0)2 t ξ e constant t. Back!
Renormalization group analysis for the 3D XY model. Francesca Pietracaprina
Renormalization group analysis for the 3D XY model Statistical Physics PhD Course Statistical physics of Cold atoms 5/04/2012 The XY model Duality transformation H = J i,j cos(ϑ i ϑ j ) Plan of the seminar:
More informationXY model: particle-vortex duality. Abstract
XY model: particle-vortex duality Subir Sachdev Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA Dated: February 7, 2018) Abstract We consider the classical XY model in D
More informationCollective Effects. Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics
Collective Effects in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics: Lecture 3, 3 March 2006 Collective Effects in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Physics Website: http://cncs.bnu.edu.cn/mccross/course/ Caltech
More informationIntroduction to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition
Introduction to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition Douglas Packard May 9, 013 Abstract This essay examines the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thousless transition in the two-dimensional XY model. It
More informationGinzburg-Landau theory of supercondutivity
Ginzburg-Landau theory of supercondutivity Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity Let us apply the above to superconductivity. Our starting point is the free energy functional Z F[Ψ] = d d x [F(Ψ)
More information5 Topological defects and textures in ordered media
5 Topological defects and textures in ordered media In this chapter we consider how to classify topological defects and textures in ordered media. We give here only a very short account of the method following
More informationPhase transitions beyond the Landau-Ginzburg theory
Phase transitions beyond the Landau-Ginzburg theory Yifei Shi 21 October 2014 1 Phase transitions and critical points 2 Laudau-Ginzburg theory 3 KT transition and vortices 4 Phase transitions beyond Laudau-Ginzburg
More informationTopological Phase Transitions
Chapter 5 Topological Phase Transitions Previously, we have seen that the breaking of a continuous symmetry is accompanied by the appearance of massless Goldstone modes. Fluctuations of the latter lead
More informationIntroduction to Phase Transitions in Statistical Physics and Field Theory
Introduction to Phase Transitions in Statistical Physics and Field Theory Motivation Basic Concepts and Facts about Phase Transitions: Phase Transitions in Fluids and Magnets Thermodynamics and Statistical
More informationNotes on Renormalization Group: Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition and Sine-Gordon model
Notes on Renormalization Group: Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition and Sine-Gordon model Yi Zhou (Dated: December 4, 05) We shall discuss BKT transition based on +D sine-gordon model. I.
More informationPhase transitions and critical phenomena
Phase transitions and critical phenomena Classification of phase transitions. Discontinous (st order) transitions Summary week -5 st derivatives of thermodynamic potentials jump discontinously, e.g. (
More informationSpin Models and Gravity
Spin Models and Gravity Umut Gürsoy (CERN) 6th Regional Meeting in String Theory, Milos June 25, 2011 Spin Models and Gravity p.1 Spin systems Spin Models and Gravity p.2 Spin systems Many condensed matter
More informationDeconfined Quantum Critical Points
Deconfined Quantum Critical Points Leon Balents T. Senthil, MIT A. Vishwanath, UCB S. Sachdev, Yale M.P.A. Fisher, UCSB Outline Introduction: what is a DQCP Disordered and VBS ground states and gauge theory
More informationSTATISTICAL PHYSICS. Statics, Dynamics and Renormalization. Leo P Kadanoff. Departments of Physics & Mathematics University of Chicago
STATISTICAL PHYSICS Statics, Dynamics and Renormalization Leo P Kadanoff Departments of Physics & Mathematics University of Chicago \o * World Scientific Singapore»New Jersey London»HongKong Contents Introduction
More informationKosterlitz-Thouless Transition
Heidelberg University Seminar-Lecture 5 SS 16 Menelaos Zikidis Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition 1 Motivation Back in the 70 s, the concept of a phase transition in condensed matter physics was associated
More informationNATURAL SCIENCES TRIPOS. Past questions. EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS Minor Topics. (27 February 2010)
NATURAL SCIENCES TRIPOS Part III Past questions EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS Minor Topics (27 February 21) 1 In one-dimension, the q-state Potts model is defined by the lattice Hamiltonian βh =
More informationThe phase diagram of polar condensates
The phase diagram of polar condensates Taking the square root of a vortex Austen Lamacraft [with Andrew James] arxiv:1009.0043 University of Virginia September 23, 2010 KITP, UCSB Austen Lamacraft (University
More informationQuantum Field Theory. Kerson Huang. Second, Revised, and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH. From Operators to Path Integrals
Kerson Huang Quantum Field Theory From Operators to Path Integrals Second, Revised, and Enlarged Edition WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA I vh Contents Preface XIII 1 Introducing Quantum Fields
More informationSolitonic elliptical solutions in the classical XY model
Solitonic elliptical solutions in the classical XY model Rodrigo Ferrer, José Rogan, Sergio Davis, Gonzalo Gutiérrez Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago,
More informationVI.D Self Duality in the Two Dimensional Ising Model
VI.D Self Duality in the Two Dimensional Ising Model Kramers and Wannier discovered a hidden symmetry that relates the properties of the Ising model on the square lattice at low and high temperatures.
More informationThe Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition
The Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition Steven M. Girvin Department of Physics Indiana University Bloomington, IN 47405 August 1, 2000 1 Outline 2D XY Model Continuous Symmetry, Mermin-Wagner Theorem
More informationMany-body physics 2: Homework 8
Last update: 215.1.31 Many-body physics 2: Homework 8 1. (1 pts) Ideal quantum gases (a)foranidealquantumgas,showthatthegrandpartitionfunctionz G = Tre β(ĥ µ ˆN) is given by { [ ] 1 Z G = i=1 for bosons,
More informationPhase transitions in Hubbard Model
Phase transitions in Hubbard Model Anti-ferromagnetic and superconducting order in the Hubbard model A functional renormalization group study T.Baier, E.Bick, C.Krahl, J.Mueller, S.Friederich Phase diagram
More information8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Spring 2014 Test 3 Review Problems
8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Spring 014 Test 3 Review Problems The test is closed book, but if you wish you may bring a one-sided sheet of formulas. The intent of this sheet is as a reminder of important
More informationBoson Vortex duality. Abstract
Boson Vortex duality Subir Sachdev Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 0238, USA and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada (Dated:
More informationNotes on Renormalization Group: ϕ 4 theory and ferromagnetism
Notes on Renormalization Group: ϕ 4 theory and ferromagnetism Yi Zhou (Dated: November 4, 015) In this lecture, we shall study the ϕ 4 theory up to one-loop RG and discuss the application to ferromagnetic
More informationPhysics 212: Statistical mechanics II Lecture XI
Physics 212: Statistical mechanics II Lecture XI The main result of the last lecture was a calculation of the averaged magnetization in mean-field theory in Fourier space when the spin at the origin is
More informationSuperinsulator: a new topological state of matter
Superinsulator: a new topological state of matter M. Cristina Diamantini Nips laboratory, INFN and Department of Physics and Geology University of Perugia Coll: Igor Lukyanchuk, University of Picardie
More informationVortices and vortex states of Rashba spin-orbit coupled condensates
Vortices and vortex states of Rashba spin-orbit coupled condensates Predrag Nikolić George Mason University Institute for Quantum Matter @ Johns Hopkins University March 5, 2014 P.N, T.Duric, Z.Tesanovic,
More informationRenormalization Group for the Two-Dimensional Ising Model
Chapter 8 Renormalization Group for the Two-Dimensional Ising Model The two-dimensional (2D) Ising model is arguably the most important in statistical physics. This special status is due to Lars Onsager
More informationthe renormalization group (RG) idea
the renormalization group (RG) idea Block Spin Partition function Z =Tr s e H. block spin transformation (majority rule) T (s, if s i ; s,...,s 9 )= s i > 0; 0, otherwise. b Block Spin (block-)transformed
More informationVI.D Self Duality in the Two Dimensional Ising Model
VI.D Self Duality in the Two Dimensional Ising Model Kramers and Wannier discovered a hidden symmetry that relates the properties of the Ising model on the square lattice at low and high temperatures.
More informationLagrangian. µ = 0 0 E x E y E z 1 E x 0 B z B y 2 E y B z 0 B x 3 E z B y B x 0. field tensor. ν =
Lagrangian L = 1 4 F µνf µν j µ A µ where F µν = µ A ν ν A µ = F νµ. F µν = ν = 0 1 2 3 µ = 0 0 E x E y E z 1 E x 0 B z B y 2 E y B z 0 B x 3 E z B y B x 0 field tensor. Note that F µν = g µρ F ρσ g σν
More informationAharonov Bohm Effect in Lattice Abelian Higgs Theory
KANAZAWA-97-08 Aharonov Bohm Effect in Lattice Abelian Higgs Theory M.N. Chernodub a,b, F.V. Gubarev a and M.I. Polikarpov a,b a ITEP, B.Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259, Russia b Department of Physics,
More informationSpin-spin correlation function in the high-temperature Villain model. Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI
J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 14 (1981) 1693-1699. Printed in Great Britain Spin-spin correlation function in the high-temperature Villain model Robert A Pelcovitsf Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence,
More informationA Chern-Simons treatment of abelian topological defects in 2D
A Chern-Simons treatment of abelian topological defects in 2D Hamed Pakatchi Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Dated: May 7, 2014) The non-existence of long range order in d 2 has lead to a lot of
More information1 Interaction of Quantum Fields with Classical Sources
1 Interaction of Quantum Fields with Classical Sources A source is a given external function on spacetime t, x that can couple to a dynamical variable like a quantum field. Sources are fundamental in the
More informationUnusual criticality in a generalized 2D XY model
Unusual criticality in a generalized 2D XY model Yifei Shi, Austen Lamacraft, Paul Fendley 22 October 2011 1 Vortices and half vortices 2 Generalized XY model 3 Villain Model 4 Numerical simulation Vortices
More informationPotts And XY, Together At Last
Potts And XY, Together At Last Daniel Kolodrubetz Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Theoretical Physics (Dated: May 16, 212) We investigate the behavior of an XY model coupled multiplicatively
More informationAdvanced Statistical Physics: Phase Transitions
Advanced Statistical Physics: Phase Transitions Leticia F. Cugliandolo leticia@lpthe.jussieu.fr Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris VI Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies October 24,
More informationComplex Systems Methods 9. Critical Phenomena: The Renormalization Group
Complex Systems Methods 9. Critical Phenomena: The Renormalization Group Eckehard Olbrich e.olbrich@gmx.de http://personal-homepages.mis.mpg.de/olbrich/complex systems.html Potsdam WS 2007/08 Olbrich (Leipzig)
More informationcond-mat/ Mar 1995
Critical Exponents of the Superconducting Phase Transition Michael Kiometzis, Hagen Kleinert, and Adriaan M. J. Schakel Institut fur Theoretische Physik Freie Universitat Berlin Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin
More informationTopological defects and its role in the phase transition of a dense defect system
Topological defects and its role in the phase transition of a dense defect system Suman Sinha * and Soumen Kumar Roy Depatrment of Physics, Jadavpur University Kolkata- 70003, India Abstract Monte Carlo
More information8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Problem Set # 4 Due: 4/9/14 Transfer Matrices & Position space renormalization
8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Problem Set # 4 Due: 4/9/14 Transfer Matrices & Position space renormalization This problem set is partly intended to introduce the transfer matrix method, which is used
More information(1) Consider the ferromagnetic XY model, with
PHYSICS 10A : STATISTICAL PHYSICS HW ASSIGNMENT #7 (1 Consider the ferromagnetic XY model, with Ĥ = i
More informationIsing Lattice Gauge Theory with a Simple Matter Field
Ising Lattice Gauge Theory with a Simple Matter Field F. David Wandler 1 1 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, anada M5S 1A7. (Dated: December 8, 2018) I. INTRODUTION Quantum
More informationImplications of Poincaré symmetry for thermal field theories
L. Giusti STRONGnet 23 Graz - September 23 p. /27 Implications of Poincaré symmetry for thermal field theories Leonardo Giusti University of Milano-Bicocca Based on: L. G. and H. B. Meyer JHEP 3 (23) 4,
More informationGauged Cosmic Strings and Superconductor Vortices
Gauged Cosmic Strings and Superconductor Vortices Hindmarsh&Rajantie, PRL2000 Rajantie, IJMPA2001 Kibble&Rajantie, PRB2003 Donaire,Kibble&Rajantie, cond-mat/0409172 Donaire&Rajantie, hep-ph/0508272 3 September
More informationSpacetime foam and modified dispersion relations
Institute for Theoretical Physics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Workshop Bad Liebenzell, 2012 Objective Study how a Lorentz-invariant model of spacetime foam modify the propagation of particles Spacetime
More informationCritical Spin-liquid Phases in Spin-1/2 Triangular Antiferromagnets. In collaboration with: Olexei Motrunich & Jason Alicea
Critical Spin-liquid Phases in Spin-1/2 Triangular Antiferromagnets In collaboration with: Olexei Motrunich & Jason Alicea I. Background Outline Avoiding conventional symmetry-breaking in s=1/2 AF Topological
More informationDecay of correlations in 2d quantum systems
Decay of correlations in 2d quantum systems Costanza Benassi University of Warwick Quantissima in the Serenissima II, 25th August 2017 Costanza Benassi (University of Warwick) Decay of correlations in
More informationThe properties of an ideal Fermi gas are strongly determined by the Pauli principle. We shall consider the limit:
Chapter 13 Ideal Fermi gas The properties of an ideal Fermi gas are strongly determined by the Pauli principle. We shall consider the limit: k B T µ, βµ 1, which defines the degenerate Fermi gas. In this
More informationThe Ising model Summary of L12
The Ising model Summary of L2 Aim: Study connections between macroscopic phenomena and the underlying microscopic world for a ferromagnet. How: Study the simplest possible model of a ferromagnet containing
More informationVortices and other topological defects in ultracold atomic gases
Vortices and other topological defects in ultracold atomic gases Michikazu Kobayashi (Kyoto Univ.) 1. Introduction of topological defects in ultracold atoms 2. Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in spinor
More informationProblem set for the course Skálázás és renormálás a statisztikus fizikában, 2014
1 Problem set for the course Skálázás és renormálás a statisztikus fizikában, 014 Rules: You can choose at wish from problems having the same main number (i.e. from a given section), but you can collect
More informationFourth Aegean Summer School: Black Holes Mytilene, Island of Lesvos September 18, 2007
Fourth Aegean Summer School: Black Holes Mytilene, Island of Lesvos September 18, 2007 Central extensions in flat spacetimes Duality & Thermodynamics of BH dyons New classical central extension in asymptotically
More informationHIGH DENSITY NUCLEAR CONDENSATES. Paulo Bedaque, U. of Maryland (Aleksey Cherman & Michael Buchoff, Evan Berkowitz & Srimoyee Sen)
HIGH DENSITY NUCLEAR CONDENSATES Paulo Bedaque, U. of Maryland (Aleksey Cherman & Michael Buchoff, Evan Berkowitz & Srimoyee Sen) What am I talking about? (Gabadadze 10, Ashcroft 89) deuterium/helium at
More informationarxiv: v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] 9 Dec 2009
Two-dimensional Bose fluids: An atomic physics perspective arxiv:0912.1490v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] 9 Dec 2009 Zoran Hadzibabic Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge
More informationCritical behaviour of the 1D q-state Potts model with long-range interactions. Z Glumac and K Uzelac
Critical behaviour of the D q-state Potts model with long-range interactions Z Glumac and K Uzelac Institute of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička 46, POB 304, 4000 Zagreb, Croatia Abstract The critical
More informationThe XY model, the Bose Einstein Condensation and Superfluidity in 2d (I)
The XY model, the Bose Einstein Condensation and Superfluidity in 2d (I) B.V. COSTA UFMG BRAZIL LABORATORY FOR SIMULATION IN PHYSICS A Guide to Monte Carlo Simulations in Statistical Physics by Landau
More informationTopological symmetry breaking and the confinement of anyons. P.W. Irwin. Groupe de Physique des Particules, Département de Physique,
Topological symmetry breaking and the confinement of anyons P.W. Irwin Groupe de Physique des Particules, Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 succ. centre-ville, Montréal, Québec,
More informationFinite Temperature Field Theory
Finite Temperature Field Theory Dietrich Bödeker, Universität Bielefeld 1. Thermodynamics (better: thermo-statics) (a) Imaginary time formalism (b) free energy: scalar particles, resummation i. pedestrian
More informationDeconfined Quantum Critical Points
Deconfined Quantum Critical Points Outline: with T. Senthil, Bangalore A. Vishwanath, UCB S. Sachdev, Yale L. Balents, UCSB conventional quantum critical points Landau paradigm Seeking a new paradigm -
More informationFun with 2-Group Symmetry. Po-Shen Hsin California Institute of Technology October 13, Benini, Córdova, PH
Fun with 2-Group Symmetry Po-Shen Hsin California Institute of Technology October 13, 2018 1803.09336 Benini, Córdova, PH Global Symmetry in QFT Global symmetry acts on operators and it leaves all correlation
More informationThe Anderson-Higgs Mechanism in Superconductors
The Anderson-Higgs Mechanism in Superconductors Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Summer School "Symmetries and Phase Transitions from Crystals and Superconductors to
More informationDual versions of N = 2 supergravity and spontaneous supersymmetry breaking
Dual versions of N = supergravity and spontaneous supersymmetry breaking arxiv:hep-th/9409199v1 1 Oct 1994 Yu. M. Zinoviev Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino, Moscow Region, 1484, Russia Abstract
More informationNTNU Trondheim, Institutt for fysikk
NTNU Trondheim, Institutt for fysikk Examination for FY3464 Quantum Field Theory I Contact: Michael Kachelrieß, tel. 99890701 Allowed tools: mathematical tables Some formulas can be found on p.2. 1. Concepts.
More informationIntroduction to String Theory ETH Zurich, HS11. 9 String Backgrounds
Introduction to String Theory ETH Zurich, HS11 Chapter 9 Prof. N. Beisert 9 String Backgrounds Have seen that string spectrum contains graviton. Graviton interacts according to laws of General Relativity.
More information8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Spring 2014 Test 2 Review Problems
8.334: Statistical Mechanics II Spring 014 Test Review Problems The test is closed book, but if you wish you may bring a one-sided sheet of formulas. The intent of this sheet is as a reminder of important
More information8.324 Relativistic Quantum Field Theory II
8.3 Relativistic Quantum Field Theory II MIT OpenCourseWare Lecture Notes Hong Liu, Fall 010 Lecture Firstly, we will summarize our previous results. We start with a bare Lagrangian, L [ 0, ϕ] = g (0)
More informationString Representation of the Abelian Higgs Model with an Axionic Interaction
String Representation of the Abelian Higgs Model with an Axionic Interaction arxiv:hep-th/9804042v3 25 Jun 998 D.V. ANTONOV Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 0, D-05,
More informationSpinning strings and QED
Spinning strings and QED James Edwards Oxford Particles and Fields Seminar January 2015 Based on arxiv:1409.4948 [hep-th] and arxiv:1410.3288 [hep-th] Outline Introduction Various relationships between
More informationNew Scaling Method for the Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition
Master of Science Thesis New Scaling Method for the Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition Hannes Lindström Department of Theoretical Physics, School of Engineering Sciences Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106
More informationPhase Transitions and the Renormalization Group
School of Science International Summer School on Topological and Symmetry-Broken Phases Phase Transitions and the Renormalization Group An Introduction Dietmar Lehmann Institute of Theoretical Physics,
More informationMeron-Cluster and Nested Cluster Algorithms: Addressing the Sign Problem in Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations
Meron-Cluster and Nested Cluster Algorithms: Addressing the Sign Problem in Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations Uwe-Jens Wiese Bern University IPAM Workshop QS2009, January 26, 2009 Collaborators: B. B. Beard
More informationFundamentals and New Frontiers of Bose Einstein Condensation
Contents Preface v 1. Fundamentals of Bose Einstein Condensation 1 1.1 Indistinguishability of Identical Particles.......... 1 1.2 Ideal Bose Gas in a Uniform System............ 3 1.3 Off-Diagonal Long-Range
More informationarxiv: v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] 20 Nov 2017
Nonperturbative RG treatment of amplitude fluctuations for ϕ 4 topological phase transitions arxiv:1706.00618v2 [cond-mat.quant-gas] 20 Nov 2017 Nicolò Defenu, 1 Andrea Trombettoni, 2, 3 István Nándori,
More informationPoS(Confinement X)058
Confining gauge theories with adjoint scalars on R 3 S 1 University of Bielefeld E-mail: nishimura@physik.uni-bielefeld.de Michael Ogilvie Washington University, St. Louis E-mail: mco@physics.wustl.edu
More informationRenormalization of microscopic Hamiltonians. Renormalization Group without Field Theory
Renormalization of microscopic Hamiltonians Renormalization Group without Field Theory Alberto Parola Università dell Insubria (Como - Italy) Renormalization Group Universality Only dimensionality and
More informationDark Energy Stars and AdS/CFT
Dark Energy Stars and AdS/CFT G. Chapline Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551 Abstract The theory of dark energy stars illustrates how the behavior of matter near to certain kinds
More informationContents. 1.1 Prerequisites and textbooks Physical phenomena and theoretical tools The path integrals... 9
Preface v Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Prerequisites and textbooks......................... 1 1.2 Physical phenomena and theoretical tools................. 5 1.3 The path integrals..............................
More informationIntroduction to the field theory of classical and. quantum phase transitions. Flavio S. Nogueira
Introduction to the field theory of classical and quantum phase transitions Flavio S. Nogueira September 2010 Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Ferromagnetism 4 2.1 Spin in an external magnetic field................
More information4 Abelian lattice gauge theory
A. Muramatsu - Lattice gauge theory - Summer 29 33 4 Abelian lattice gauge theory As a next step we consider a generalization of the discussion in h. 3 from a discrete to a continuous symmetry. The simplest
More informationMODEL WITH SPIN; CHARGE AND SPIN EXCITATIONS 57
56 BOSONIZATION Note that there seems to be some arbitrariness in the above expressions in terms of the bosonic fields since by anticommuting two fermionic fields one can introduce a minus sine and thus
More informationarxiv:cond-mat/ v1 4 Aug 2003
Conductivity of thermally fluctuating superconductors in two dimensions Subir Sachdev arxiv:cond-mat/0308063 v1 4 Aug 2003 Abstract Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208120, New Haven CT
More informationPhysics 250 Fall 2014: Preliminaries
Physics 25 Fall 214: Preliminaries Joel E. Moore, UC Berkeley and LBNL (Dated: September 2, 214) Notes: this lecture introduces some mathematical concepts and only at the end begins to discuss physical
More informationHolographic superconductors
Holographic superconductors Sean Hartnoll Harvard University Work in collaboration with Chris Herzog and Gary Horowitz : 0801.1693, 0810.1563. Frederik Denef : 0901.1160. Frederik Denef and Subir Sachdev
More informationLecture 12 Holomorphy: Gauge Theory
Lecture 12 Holomorphy: Gauge Theory Outline SUSY Yang-Mills theory as a chiral theory: the holomorphic coupling and the holomorphic scale. Nonrenormalization theorem for SUSY YM: the gauge coupling runs
More informationTOPIC V BLACK HOLES IN STRING THEORY
TOPIC V BLACK HOLES IN STRING THEORY Lecture notes Making black holes How should we make a black hole in string theory? A black hole forms when a large amount of mass is collected together. In classical
More informationKitaev honeycomb lattice model: from A to B and beyond
Kitaev honeycomb lattice model: from A to B and beyond Jiri Vala Department of Mathematical Physics National University of Ireland at Maynooth Postdoc: PhD students: Collaborators: Graham Kells Ahmet Bolukbasi
More informationLong-range order in (quasi-) 2D systems
PHYS598PTD A.J.Leggett 2016 Lecture 9 Long-range order in (quasi-) 2D systems 1 Long-range order in (quasi-) 2D systems Suppose we have a many-body system that is described by some order parameter Ψ. The
More informationMagnetostatics and the vector potential
Magnetostatics and the vector potential December 8, 2015 1 The divergence of the magnetic field Starting with the general form of the Biot-Savart law, B (x 0 ) we take the divergence of both sides with
More informationThe XY-Model. David-Alexander Robinson Sch th January 2012
The XY-Model David-Alexander Robinson Sch. 08332461 17th January 2012 Contents 1 Introduction & Theory 2 1.1 The XY-Model............................... 2 1.2 Markov Chains...............................
More informationLight-Cone Quantization of Electrodynamics
Light-Cone Quantization of Electrodynamics David G. Robertson Department of Physics, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 Abstract Light-cone quantization of (3+1)-dimensional electrodynamics is
More information!onformali" Los# J.-W. Lee D. T. Son M. Stephanov D.B.K. arxiv: Phys.Rev.D80:125005,2009
!onformali" Los# J.-W. Lee D. T. Son M. Stephanov D.B.K arxiv:0905.4752 Phys.Rev.D80:125005,2009 Motivation: QCD at LARGE N c and N f Colors Flavors Motivation: QCD at LARGE N c and N f Colors Flavors
More informationChap.9 Fixed points and exponents
Chap.9 Fixed points and exponents Youjin Deng 09.1.0 The fixed point and its neighborhood A point in the parameter space which is invariant under will be called a fixed point R s R μ* = μ * s μ * λ = We
More informationMagnetic ordering of local moments
Magnetic ordering Types of magnetic structure Ground state of the Heisenberg ferromagnet and antiferromagnet Spin wave High temperature susceptibility Mean field theory Magnetic ordering of local moments
More informationNon-Abelian Statistics. in the Fractional Quantum Hall States * X. G. Wen. School of Natural Sciences. Institute of Advanced Study
IASSNS-HEP-90/70 Sep. 1990 Non-Abelian Statistics in the Fractional Quantum Hall States * X. G. Wen School of Natural Sciences Institute of Advanced Study Princeton, NJ 08540 ABSTRACT: The Fractional Quantum
More informationQFT at finite Temperature
Benjamin Eltzner Seminar on Theoretical Elementary Particle Physics and QFT, 13.07.06 Content 1 Path Integral and Partition Function Classical Partition Function The Quantum Mechanical Partition Function
More informationAharonov-Bohm Effect and Unification of Elementary Particles. Yutaka Hosotani, Osaka University Warsaw, May 2006
Aharonov-Bohm Effect and Unification of Elementary Particles Yutaka Hosotani, Osaka University Warsaw, May 26 - Part 1 - Aharonov-Bohm effect Aharonov-Bohm Effect! B)! Fµν = (E, vs empty or vacuum!= Fµν
More information