Mechanical Advantage & Simple Machines. Physics 5 th Six Weeks
|
|
- Adam Griffith
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mechanical Advantage & Simple Machines Physics 5 th Six Weeks
2 And now, for an appetizer: Bill Nye and using Mechanical Advantage
3 Mechanical Advantage A machine is something that makes doing work easier A machine s mechanical advantage is the number of times a machine increases the force delivered to it by a user. Or put another way MA is a way of describing how much a machine reduces the force required to do a particular task by a user. Mechanical Advantage is also known as Leverage Finding the ratio of output force to input force gives you the mechanical advantage of a machine. Effort (aka Effort Force or Input Force ) is the force supplied by the user. Resistance (aka Resistance Force or Output Force ) the force supplied by a machine Mechanical advantage is unit less MA = RF/EF
4 Practice Problems 1. Calculate the mechanical advantage of a machine that has an input force of 15 N and an output force of 60 N. MA = RF/EF MA = 60 N / 15 N MA = 4 2. Suppose that with a pulley system, you need to exert a force of 1,400 N to lift a heavy object. But without the pulley system, you need to exert 4,200 N to lift the object. What is the mechanical advantage of the pulley system? MA = RF/EF MA = 4200 N / 1400 N MA = 3 3. A child makes a ramp to push his toy dump truck up to his sandbox. If he uses 5.0 N of force to push the 12 N truck up the ramp, what is the mechanical advantage of his ramp? MA = RF/EF MA = 12 N / 5.0 N MA = 2.4
5 Mechanical Advantage Effort Distance is the distance over which the user applies force (also known as the input distance) Resistance Distance is the distance over which the machine applies force. (also known as the output distance) If you compare the effort distance to the resistance distance, you can find the advantage of using a machine.
6 Practice Problems 1. You got roped into helping your parents' friend move. You are loading some pretty heavy boxes, but luckily they have a ramp on the back of the truck. The truck is 1.5 meters of the ground and the ramp is 6.0 meters long. What is the MA of this ramp? MA = ED/RD MA = 6.0 m / 1.5 m MA = A lever used to lift a heavy box has an input arm of 4 meters and an output arm of 0.8 meters. What is the mechanical advantage of the lever? MA = ED/RD MA = 4 m / 0.8 m MA = 5
7 Circle Diagrams for the Mechanical Advantage formulas RF ED MA EF MA RD MA = Mechanical Advantage (unit less) RF = Resistance Force (force the machine puts out), aka the Load or the Output Force (in Newtons) EF = Effort Force (force put into the machine), aka the Effort or the Input Force (in Newtons) ED = Distance Effort Force is applied (in meters) RD = Distance Resistance Force is applied (in meters)
8 Practice Problems 1. A ramp with a mechanical advantage of 6 is used to move a 36- newton load. What input force is needed to push the load up the ramp? EF = RF/MA EF = 36 N / 6 EF = 6.0 N 2. Gina wheels her wheelchair up a ramp using a force of 80 N. If the ramp has a mechanical advantage of 7 what is the output force (in Newtons)? RF = MA x EF RF = 7 x 80 N RF = 560 N
9 Practice Problems 1. A lever with an input arm of 2 meters has a mechanical advantage of 4. What is the output arm s length? RD = ED/MA RD = 2 m / 4 RD = 0.5 m 2. A lever with an output arm of 0.8 meter has a mechanical advantage of 6. What is the length of the input arm? ED = MA x RD ED = 6 x 0.8 m ED = 4.8 m
10 Introduction A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force in only one movement. In general, they can be defined as the simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage (also called leverage) to multiply force. A simple machine uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force. Ignoring friction losses, the work done on the load is equal to the work done by the applied force. They can be used to increase the amount of the output force, at the cost of a proportional decrease in the distance moved by the load. The ratio of the output to the input force is called the mechanical advantage.
11 Introduction Simple Machine a machine that does work in only one movement. There are 6 types of Simple Machine: the lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plane, the screw, and the wedge. They are the elementary "building blocks" of which all more complicated machines (sometimes called "compound machines" to emphasize that they are combinations of the simpler building blocks) are composed. For example, wheels, levers, and pulleys are all used in the mechanism of a bicycle.
12 History Galileo Galilei Archimedes The idea of a "simple machine" originated with the Greek philosopher and scientist Archimedes around the 3rd century BC He discovered the principle of mechanical advantage The complete theory of simple machines was worked out by Italian scientist Galileo Galilei in 1600 in Le Meccaniche ("On Mechanics"). He was the first to understand that simple machines do not create energy, only transform it 12
13 Introduction Simple Machine a machine that does work in only one movement. There are 6 types of Simple Machine: the lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plane, the screw, and the wedge. Remember - Mechanical Advantage The ratio of output force to input force, or the number of times that a machine multiplies the effort force. The general formula for Mechanical Advantage is: MA = F o / F i or MA = ED/RD
14 The Mighty Lever! 14
15 Levers Definition a bar that is free to pivot or turn on a fixed point. The fixed point on the lever is called the fulcrum. The distance from the fulcrum to where the Effort Force is applied is called the Effort Arm. The distance from the fulcrum to where the Resistance Force is applied is called the Resistance Arm To find the MA of a lever: A) divide the output force by the input force, or B) divide the length of the resistance arm by the length of the effort arm.
16 1 st Class Lever In a 1 st Class Lever, the fulcrum is located between the Effort Force and the Resistance Force. Examples include, seesaw, crowbar
17 17
18 Fulcrum is between EF (effort) and RF (load) Effort moves farther than Resistance. Multiplies EF and changes its direction 18
19 2 nd Class Lever In a 2 nd Class Lever, the load is between the fulcrum and the Effort Force. Examples: wheel barrow, ankle joint
20 20
21 RF (load) is between fulcrum and EF Effort moves farther than Resistance. Multiplies EF, but does not change its direction 21
22 3 rd Class Lever In a 3 rd Class Lever, the Effort Force is located between the Resistance Force and the fulcrum. Many pieces of sports equipment are 3 rd class levers. A 3 rd class lever can t multiply the force because the Effort Arm is always shorter than the Resistance Arm. They do however increase the distance over which the force is applied. Examples: shovel, elbow and forearm, baseball bat
23 23
24 EF is between fulcrum and RF (load) Does not multiply force Resistance moves farther than Effort. Multiplies the distance the effort force travels 24
25
26
27 Fixed Pulleys A pulley is a grooved wheel with a rope, chain, or cable running along the groove. There are 3 types of pulley systems. Fixed Pulley is a stationary, modified 1 st Class Lever with the axle as the fulcrum. A Fixed Pulley can only change the direction of the force. MA = 1
28 Movable Pulleys In a Movable Pulley System, one end of the rope or chain is fixed, and the wheel is free to move. The Movable Pulley System divides the input force by half MA = 2
29 Block and Tackle Pulley System. A Block and Tackle Pulley System is a collection of several fixed and movable pulleys. In a block and tackle pulley system, the MA = the number of pulleys in the system. Example: if there were 5 pulleys in the block and tackle pulley system, then MA = 5
30 Inclined Plane An inclined plane is an even sloping surface. The inclined plane makes it easier to move a weight from a lower to higher elevation. 30
31 Inclined Plane The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is equal to the length of the slope divided by the height of the inclined plane. While the inclined plane produces a mechanical advantage, it does so by increasing the distance through which the force must move. 31
32 The Wedge Definition An inclined plane with 1 or 2 sloping sides. a modification of the inclined plane, the difference between and inclined plane and a wedge is the position of effort Wedges can change the direction of effort force. A double wedge has less MA than a single wedge as it is 2x thicker.
33 The Wedge (and yes force is in Newtons, but it s a free clip just remember F in Newtons = mass in kg x g) 33
34 Screw The screw is also a modified version of the inclined plane. While this may be somewhat difficult to visualize, it may help to think of the threads of the screw as a type of circular ramp (or inclined plane). A screw conveyor (aka an Archimedes Screw ) uses a rotating helical screw blade to move bulk materials. 34
35 MA of an screw can be calculated by dividing the number of turns per inch. 35
36 Using an Archimedes Screw to move Cheerios
37 Archimedes Screw Ball Lift
38 Legos and an Archimedes Screw
39 Wheel and Axle Definition a machine consisting of two wheels of different sizes that rotate together. The larger wheel has the EF exerted upon it, while the smaller wheel (the axle) usually exerts the RF. (exp. Bicycle tire, pencil sharpener, gears)
40 The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is determined by: Wheel Radius MA = Axle Radius A wheel and axle can be used to alter force (such as amplifying the operator s input force to allow heavier objects to be picked up than without the machine). A wheel and axle can also be use to reduce friction such as the wheels on a skateboard which makes doing work easier.
41 Wheel and axle, etc. 41
42 Efficiency of Machines So far, you have learned that the work you put into a machine is exactly equal to the work done by the machine. In an ideal situation, this equation is true. The efficiency of an ideal machine is always 100% In real situations, however, the output work is always less than the input work due to friction.
43 Friction and Efficiency If you have ever tried to cut something with scissors that barely open and close, you know that a large part of your work is wasted overcoming the tightness, or friction, between the parts of the scissors. In every machine, some work is wasted overcoming the force of friction. The less friction there is, the closer the output work is to the input work.
44 Calculating Efficiency To calculate the efficiency of a machine, divide the output work by the input work and multiply the result by 100 percent. This is summarized by the following formula. (remember from your previous use of the formula if you get more than 100% the values are in the wrong order!)
45 Calculating Efficiency You do 20 J of work while using a hammer. The hammer does 18 J of work on a nail. What is the efficiency of the hammer? 90% (2) Calculating Efficiency Suppose you left your lawn mower outdoors all winter. Now it s rusty. Of your 250,000 J of work, only 100,000 J go to cutting the lawn. What is the efficiency of the lawn mower now? 40%
Simple Machines. Bởi: OpenStaxCollege
F Simple Machines Simple Machines Bởi: OpenStaxCollege Simple machines are devices that can be used to multiply or augment a force that we apply often at the expense of a distance through which we apply
More informationChapter: Work and Machines
Table of Contents Chapter: Work and Machines Section 1: Work Section 2: Using Machines Section 3: Simple Machines 1 Work What is work? To many people, the word work means something they do to earn money.
More informationWork, Power, & Machines
Work, Power, & Machines What is work? The product of the force applied to an object and the distance through which that force is applied. Is work being done or not? Mowing the lawn Weight-lifting Moving
More informationWork, Power, & Machines
Work, Power, & Machines 1 What is work? To many people, the word work means something they do to earn money. The word work also means exerting a force with your muscles. 1 What is work? Someone might say
More informationChapter 15 Work, Power & Simple Machines
Chapter 15 Work, Power & Simple Machines Essential Questions: I. What is Work? (In Physics Terms!) II. What is Power? (In Physics Terms!) III. How do machines make work easier and how efficient are they?
More informationSection 1: Work and Power. Section 2: Using Machines. Section 3: Simple Machines
Table of Contents Chapter: Work and Simple Machines Section 1: Work and Power Section 2: Using Machines Section 3: Simple Machines 1 Work and Power What is work? Work is done when a force causes an object
More informationChapter 09 Multiple Choice Test
Class: Date: Chapter 09 Multiple Choice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A simple machine can multiply: a. forces only. b. energy only.
More informationWork, Power and Machines
CHAPTER 13.1 & 13.2 Work, Power and Machines Section one: Work, Power, and Machines Objective one: Calculate Work Objective Two: Differentiate Work and Power Objective Three: Discover that machines make
More informationCHAPTER 5. Work, Power and Machines
CHAPTER 5 Work, Power and Machines Section one: Work, Power, and Machines Objective one: Calculate Work Objective Two: Differentiate Work and Power Objective Three: Discover that machines make work easier
More informationWork & Simple Machines. Chapter 4
Work & Simple Machines Chapter 4 Work & Power Section 1 Work Work - occurs when a force causes an object to move in the same direction that the force is applied. Work involves motion, not just effort.
More information7.P Simple Machines Study Guide Multiple Choice: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
7.P.2.4 - Simple Machines Study Guide Multiple Choice: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. For work to be done on an object, a. some force need
More informationA machine* is a device that makes work easier, changes the direction of the work, or changes the speed of the work
Simple Machines A machine* is a device that makes work easier, changes the direction of the work, or changes the speed of the work A simple machine works with only one movement There are six simple machines
More informationThe student will learn about the main purposes and the basic components of all machines. SIMPLE MACHINES. SPH4C Findlay
The student will learn about the main purposes and the basic components of all machines. SIMPLE MACHINES SPH4C Findlay What do you think of when you hear the word machine? Simple Machines Machines created
More informationCheck out Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Mr. Willis Conceptual Physics: Date: Unit IV Work, Power, and Machines Need extra help? Check out http://www.bayhicoach.com Unit IV Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that
More informationUnit 1 Lesson 1.1 Mechanisms. Simple Machines. The Six Simple Machines. The Six Simple Machines. Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Mechanisms Simple Machines Lever, Wheel and Axle, and Pulley 2012 Simple Machines Mechanisms that manipulate magnitude of force and distance. The Six Simple Machines Lever Wheel and Axle Pulley The Six
More informationChapter 8 Study Questions
Chapter 8 Study Questions Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Work is being done when a. you apply a force to an object. b. an
More informationName Date Class. This section describes the six kinds of simple machines. It also explains how to calculate the advantage of using simple machines.
Simple Machines This section describes the six kinds of simple machines. It also explains how to calculate the advantage of using simple machines. Use Target Reading Skills Before you read the section,
More informationMechanisms Simple Machines. Lever, Wheel and Axle, & Pulley
Mechanisms Simple Machines Lever, Wheel and Axle, & Pulley Simple Machines Mechanisms that manipulate magnitude of force and distance. The Six Simple Machines Lever Wheel and Axle Pulley The Six Simple
More informationBroughton High School
1 Physical Science Vocabulary Vocabulary for Chapter 5 - Work and Machines No.# Term Page # Definition 2 1. Compound Machine 2. Efficiency 3. Inclined Plane 4. Input force 5. Lever 6. Machine 7. Mechanical
More informationPre and Post-Visit Activities
Pre and Post-Visit Activities Simple Machines Table of Contents: Important Information: 2 Vocabulary: 3 Pre-Visit Activities: 4 Post-Visit Activities: 5 Vocabulary Word Search: 6 2 Important Information
More informationWork, Power and Simple Machines. Chapter 4 Physical Science
Work, Power and Simple Machines Chapter 4 Physical Science Work, Power and Simple Machines Machines make jobs easier by increasing the applied force on an object. The trade-off is that this also requires
More informationPHY 126 Lecture Notes Chapter 10
Chapter 10 Simple Machines OBJECTIVES Define a machine Examine energy transfer in machine to determine Mechanical Advantage and Energy Efficiency KEY WORDS: Simple and complex machines, Effort and resistance
More informationproduce sugar, which contains stored chemical energy. Most of the energy that we use on Earth originally came from the Sun.
Conservation of Energy Energy can be in many different forms. Students should know sources and properties of the following forms of energy: Heat energy is the transfer of thermal energy (energy that is
More informationScience Olympiad. Machines. Roger Demos
Science Olympiad Machines. Roger Demos Some Basic Physics Concepts What do Machines do? Do they allow one to do more work? Not really, at best they make completing a task easier. So then what do Machines
More informationWork and Simple Machines
Work Work and Simple Machines Simple Machines Mechanical Advantage Calculating MA Misc. 200 200 200 200 200 400 400 400 400 400 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 FINAL JEOPARDY
More informationacceleration weight load
Instructions for Vocabulary Cards: Please photocopy the following pages onto heavy card stock (back to back, so the word is printed on the back side of the matching definition). Then, laminate each page.
More informationUnit 10: Work and Energy. * When the object moves, it must move in the same direction as the force for there to be work.
Work: Occurs as a force is applied over a distance. Ex: *It is a vector. (Has a number and direction) Unit 10: Work and Energy *If there is no movement, there is no work on that object. * When the object
More information2.1 Introduction to Simple Machines
2.1 Introduction to Simple Machines 2.1 Introduction to Simple Machines Simple Machines Unit DO NOT WRITE ANYWHERE IN THIS PACKAGE One of the few properties that separate us from animals is our ability
More informationChapter 3 Machines EXERCISE- 3 (A)
EXERCISE- 3 (A) Question 1: What do you understand by a simple machine? Solution 1: A machine is a device by which we can either overcome a large resistive force at some point by applying a small force
More informationHow Do Objects Move? Describing Motion. Different Kinds of Motion
How Do Objects Move? Describing Motion Different Kinds of Motion Motion is everywhere. The planets are in motion around the Sun. Cars are in motion as they are driven down the street. There s even motion
More informationW = Fd. KE = 1 2 mv2
Ch 10 Energy, Work and Simple Machines work: moving an object in the direction of the force exerted upon it (Joules) work W = Fd force (Newtons) (meters) distance object is displaced in the direction of
More informationgear gravity heat inclined plane
Equal and opposite forces which occur in pairs Upward force acting on objects when they are placed in water Substance which allows electric current to pass through it Force applied at one point of a machine
More informationl Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an
Motion and Machine Unit Notes DO NOT LOSE! Name: Energy Ability to do work To cause something to change move or directions Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but transferred from one form to another.
More informationSPH 4C Unit 2 Mechanical Systems
SPH 4C Unit 2 Mechanical Systems Forces and Free Body Diagrams Learning Goal: I can consistently identify and draw Free Body Diagrams for given real world situations. There are 4 fundamental forces Gravity
More informationChapter 12 - Work and Energy. Section 1 - Work, Power, and Machines
Chapter 12 - Work and Energy Section 1 - Work, Power, and Machines 1 Imagine trying to lift a car without a jack You might be exerting a lot of force, but not moving the It would feel like you have done
More informationPhysics Unit: Force & Motion
Physics Unit: Force & Motion What is physical science? A. Physical science is a field of science that studies matter and energy. B. Physical science has 2 main branches: 1. PHYSICS: the study of how matter
More informationLesson 1: How can you describe motion?
Lesson 1 Summary Use with pp. 407 409 Lesson 1: How can you describe motion? Vocabulary velocity the speed and direction of an object s motion Types of Motion Motion is movement. When you see something
More informationPhysics Unit: Force & Motion
Physics Unit: Force & Motion What is physical science? A. Physical science is a field of science that studies matter and energy. B. Physical science has 2 main branches: 1. PHYSICS: the study of how matter
More informationDate Period Name. Energy, Work, and Simple Machines Vocabulary Review
Date Period Name CHAPTER 10 Study Guide Energy, Work, and Simple Machines Vocabulary Review Write the term that correctly completes the statement. Use each term once. compound machine joule resistance
More informationWORK, ENERGY, AND MACHINES
WORK, ENERGY, AND MACHINES Vocabulary Review Write the term that correctly completes the statement. Use each term once. compound machine joule resistance force efficiency kinetic energy translational kinetic
More informationWork & Energy. Chapter 4 pg
Work & Energy Chapter 4 pg 106-127 Today s Learning Objectives 1) Know the vocabulary of this chapter. 2) What is the two-pronged test to see if something qualifies as work? 3) Solve and calculate problems
More information2016 Junior Lesson One
2016 Junior Lesson One To complete this lesson make sure you answer all the questions in bold and do one of the projects at the end of the lesson. Parts marked ADVANCED are for the curious. This year we
More informationis energy in particles of matter. Chemical energy can be released, for example in or, when these particles react to form new substances.
TYPES OF ENERGY Energy can be in many different. Students should know sources and properties of the following forms of energy: is the transfer of energy (energy that is associated with the of the particles
More informationScience 9 Physics CHAPTER 13: WORK AND ENERGY MR. MILLER
Science 9 Physics CHAPTER 13: WORK AND ENERGY MR. MILLER WORK Work: The transfer of energy to an object by the application of a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force. WORK
More informationLever Lab: First Class Lever
Lever Lab 2 Name: Lever Lab: First Class Lever Objective: To investigate the use of a lever as a simple machine. Materials: Workshop Stand, Lever, Bolt, Hooked Masses Background: A lever is one of the
More informationCHAPTER 4 TEST REVIEW
CHAPTER 4 TEST REVIEW Work = Force x Distance 1. Work is measured in. a. Newtons b. Joules c. Centimeters d. Grams 2. Sir Isaac Newton is famous for discovering the. a. Laws of motion b. Laws of work c.
More informationIdentify levers. Calculate the mechanical advantage of a lever. Calculate forces and lengths related to levers. Distinguish and explain the
Module 2: LEVERS Identify levers. Calculate the mechanical advantage of a lever. Calculate forces and lengths related to levers. Distinguish and explain the difference between the three classes of levers.
More informationSection 1 Work, Power, and Machines
Chapter 12 Work and Energy Section 1 Work, Power, and Machines Section 2 Simple Machines Section 3 What is Energy? Section 4 Conservation of Energy Skills Experiment Design SI Units and SI unit conversions
More informationCPO Science Foundations of Physics
CPO Science Foundations of Physics Unit 4, Chapter 10 Chapter 9 Unit 4: Energy and Momentum Chapter 10 Work and Energy 10.1 Machines and Mechanical Advantage 10.3 Energy and Conservation of Energy Chapter
More informationSimple machines and the lever
Simple machines and the lever Objectives Define mechanical advantage. Calculate and demonstrate the mechanical advantage of a lever. Draw a free-body diagram of a simple machine. 1. What is mechanical
More information5.1 Work. 5.2 Using Machines. 5.3 Simple Machines. Work with Me. BIG Idea. Science Journal
SPS7. Students will relate transformations and flow of energy within a system. SPS8. Students will determine relationships among force, mass, and motion. Also covers: SCSh1, 3, 4, 9 BIG Idea Machines make
More informationMilford Public Schools Curriculum
Milford Public Schools Curriculum Department: SCIENCE Course Name: Grade 8 Course Description Physical Science UNIT 1 - Motion LEARNING GOALS Enduring Understanding(s): Motion is relative to a reference
More informationUNIT D: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
1 UNIT D: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS Science 8 2 Section 2.0 AN UNDERSTANDING OF MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE AND WORK HELPS IN DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF MACHINES. 1 3 MACHINES MAKE WORK EASIER Topic 2.1 4 WHAT WOULD
More information9 Energy. Ch 9 Energy. Be able to explain and calculate the work in and out of a machine. Identify and label three types of levers.
Ch 9 Energy Be able to explain and calculate the work in and out of a machine. Identify and label three types of levers. 9.1 Work Work is the product of the force on an object and the distance through
More informationWarm-Up. Identify the stimulus and response for. Phototropism. Geotropism. Stimulus Response - Stimulus Response -
Warm-Up Identify the stimulus and response for Phototropism Stimulus Response - Geotropism Stimulus Response - Warm-Up Identify the stimulus and response for Phototropism Stimulus Response - Geotropism
More informationWelcome. I will be using your LBCC to communicate with you about the class.
Welcome David Ruiz I will be using your LBCC email to communicate with you about the class. I will NEVER send scores/grades to your email address unless you ask me to do so. Syllabus Read over carefully
More informationAnswers. Forces. Year 7 Science Chapter 8
Answers Forces Year 7 Science Chapter 8 p173 1 Steering a car involves pulling on the steering wheel. A climb in the plane involves a pull from the propellor and a pull from gravity on the plane. A horse
More information1. List the six simple machines and give three examples (8:3)
Unit 3 Study Guide Name 2017 Key Section 1. ist the six simple machines and give three examples (8:3) Machine xample 1 xample 2 xample 3 1. Pulley lag Pole Curtains Crane 2. Wheel and Axle Steering Wheel
More informationThe Force, Energy Transfer and Machines Spring Catapult Testing: Force equals Mass x Acceleration
Science Unit: Lesson #3: The Force, Energy Transfer and Machines Spring Catapult Testing: Force equals Mass x Acceleration Lesson Summary Students build simple machines (catapults made of popsicle sticks
More informationSimple Machines. Wei-Chih Wang University of Washington
Simple Machines Wei-Chih Wang University of Washington What is Engineering? To different people, it means different things To me, it s an Art (constructive imagination) and sometimes it means making Toy
More informationTorque and levers * Free High School Science Texts Project. 1 Torque and Levers
OpenStax-CNX module: m38992 1 Torque and levers * Free High School Science Texts Project This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 1 Torque and
More informationThe Technological World. Forces and Engineering
The Technological World s and Engineering Geological Phenomena Review Earthquakes: What is an earthquake? Movement of the Earth s crust What causes this movement? Contact between two tectonic plates -
More informationChapter 9: Rotational Dynamics Tuesday, September 17, 2013
Chapter 9: Rotational Dynamics Tuesday, September 17, 2013 10:00 PM The fundamental idea of Newtonian dynamics is that "things happen for a reason;" to be more specific, there is no need to explain rest
More informationWhat Will You Learn From This Module?
What Is This Module About? Imagine what life would be like without the various means of transportation at present. How would you reach far places then? Look at what you are wearing. How is cloth made into
More informationMotion. Definition a change of position
Potential energy Definition stored energy an object has because of its position Characteristics the higher up an object is, the greater its potential energy Example book sitting on the desk Kinetic energy
More informationFORCES AND MOTION UNIT TEST. Multiple Choice: Draw a Circle Completely around the ONE BEST answer.
Name: Date: Period: FORCES AND MOTION UNIT TEST Multiple Choice: Draw a Circle Completely around the ONE BEST answer. 1. A force acting on an object does no work if a. a machine is used to move the object.
More informationUnit 1 Lesson 1.1 Mechanisms
Simple Machines Inclined Plane, Wedge, and Screw Principles of ngineering 2012 The Six Simple Machines Inclined Plane Wedge Screw Mechanical Advantage (MA) atio of the magnitude of the resistance and effort
More informationChapter 7. Preview. Objectives Tangential Speed Centripetal Acceleration Centripetal Force Describing a Rotating System. Section 1 Circular Motion
Section 1 Circular Motion Preview Objectives Tangential Speed Centripetal Acceleration Centripetal Force Describing a Rotating System Section 1 Circular Motion Objectives Solve problems involving centripetal
More informationNature s Forces Simple Machines Student Activity Book
ELEMENTARY SCIENCE PROGRAM MATH, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION A Collection of Learning Experiences NATURES FORCES SIMPLE MACHINES Nature s Forces Simple Machines Student Activity Book Name This learning
More informationWhat is Energy? Which has more energy? Who has more energy? 1/24/2017
What is Energy? Energy is a measure of an object s ability to cause a change in itself and/or its surroundings Read pages 61-7 Which has more energy? Who has more energy? Mississippi River Cargo Barge
More informationEDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA FURTHER MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS UNIT 11 - NQF LEVEL 3 OUTCOME 4 - LIFTING MACHINES
EDEXCEL NATIONAL CERTIFICATE/DIPLOMA FURTHER MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS UNIT 11 - NQF LEVEL 3 OUTCOME 4 - LIFTING MACHINES CONTENT Be able to determine the operating characteristics of lifting
More informationUnit 6. Forces and motion
Unit 6. Forces and motion Index 1. What is a force?...2 2. Forces and flexible objects. Hooke's law...2 3. Forces and changes in velocity...3 4. Simple machines...10 5. Types of forces...12 Practice exam...14
More informationCopyright by Harcourt, Inc.
Forces Copyright by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording,
More informationSection 1: Work, Power, and Machines. Preview Key Ideas Bellringer What Is Work? Math Skills Power Machines and Mechanical Advantage
Section 1 Section 1: Work, Power, and Machines Preview Key Ideas Bellringer What Is Work? Math Skills Power Machines and Mechanical Advantage Section 1 Key Ideas How is work calculated? What is the relationship
More informationSKYRIDE: SOARING TO NEW HEIGHTS. Pre-Trip Information
SKYRIDE: SOARING TO NEW HEIGHTS Pre-Trip Information Soaring to New Heights is the perfect place to introduce your students to forces, motion, and simple machines with a fun circus theme! There will be
More informationConcepts of Physics. Wednesday, October 14th
1206 - Concepts of Physics Wednesday, October 14th Demonstrations he spinning chair, etc. hank you Mark! Remember the ice skater example? An ice skater is spinning with both arms and a leg outstretched
More informationSection 14.1 Work and Power
Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Name Class Date Chapter 14 Work, Power, and Machines Section 14.1 Work and Power (pages 412 416) Work and Power Content
More informationChapter 10-Work, Energy & Power
DULLES HIGH SCHOOL Chapter 10-Work, Energy & Power Energy Transformations Judy Matney 1/12/2016 In this chapter, we will study the concepts of force and work; we will understand the transformations of
More informationName Date Period PROBLEM SET: ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS
Accelerated Physics Rotational Dynamics Problem Set Page 1 of 5 Name Date Period PROBLEM SET: ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS Directions: Show all work on a separate piece of paper. Box your final answer. Don t forget
More informationRotational Equilibrium
Rotational Equilibrium 6-1 Rotational Equilibrium INTRODUCTION Have you ever tried to pull a stubborn nail out of a board or develop your forearm muscles by lifting weights? Both these activities involve
More informationISN X: WORK, POWER, MACHINES
name: per ISN X: WORK, POWER, MACHINES page # Item Check-in Point Value 1-2 Table of Contents/Things 2 Know no check for this --------------------- text Reading & Text Questions on 67-73 * 2 3 Eureka Work
More informationPHY Lab 6: Work: Horizontal, Vertical, Inclined Plane
Work: Horizontal, Vertical and with Inclined Plane And on the seventh day God ended his work which He had made: and He rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had done. Genesis 2:2 Introduction
More informationUnit 2: Energy THERMAL ENERGY HEAT TRANSFER POTENTIAL VS. KINETIC ENERGY WORK POWER SIMPLE MACHINES
Unit 2: Energy THERMAL ENERGY HEAT TRANSFER POTENTIAL VS. KINETIC ENERGY WORK POWER SIMPLE MACHINES Bellringer Day 01 1. What is energy? 2. There are different forms of energy. Name two. What is Energy?
More informationBig Idea 4: Interactions between systems can result in changes in those systems. Essential Knowledge 4.D.1: Torque, angular velocity, angular
Unit 7: Rotational Motion (angular kinematics, dynamics, momentum & energy) Name: Big Idea 3: The interactions of an object with other objects can be described by forces. Essential Knowledge 3.F.1: Only
More informationPSI AP Physics I Rotational Motion
PSI AP Physics I Rotational Motion Multiple-Choice questions 1. Which of the following is the unit for angular displacement? A. meters B. seconds C. radians D. radians per second 2. An object moves from
More informationPSI AP Physics I Rotational Motion
PSI AP Physics I Rotational Motion Multiple-Choice questions 1. Which of the following is the unit for angular displacement? A. meters B. seconds C. radians D. radians per second 2. An object moves from
More informationUnit D: Mechanical Systems Topic 1: Levels and Inclined Planes
Unit D: Mechanical Systems Topic 1: Levels and Inclined Planes Photo from educatorsoutlet.com 1 A. Introduction 1. Lever a) Is a rigid bar or plank that can rotate around a fixed point called a pivot,
More informationPhysical Science midterm study guide. Chapter 1 and 2
Physical Science midterm study guide Chapter 1 and 2 1. Explain the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory a. Laws generalize observations b. Theories explain observations 2. Select
More information3. A bicycle tire of radius 0.33 m and a mass 1.5 kg is rotating at 98.7 rad/s. What torque is necessary to stop the tire in 2.0 s?
Practice 8A Torque 1. Find the torque produced by a 3.0 N force applied at an angle of 60.0 to a door 0.25 m from the hinge. What is the maximum torque this force could exert? 2. If the torque required
More informationWork and Energy Chapter 4 and 5
Section 1 Work and Energy Chapter 4 and 5 Motion Read Chapter 4 pages 100 121 and Chapter 5 pages: 126-153 Objectives: - Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy; calculate kinetic energy, describe
More informationPhysical Science Unit Exam Review. Date Period
1. Give an example of gravitational potential energy. Frog at the top of its jump Rock at the edge of a hill Skateboarder at the top of the ramp Pendulum at the top of its swing 2. Use Newton s 2 nd law
More information1. The type of energy described by Energy C is which type of energy?
Energy A Energy B Energy C Energy D Energy E Energy stores within a particle (measured by the particle s temperature). Energy generated by the sun. Energy released when particles react to form a new substance.
More informationChapter 9 TORQUE & Rotational Kinematics
Chapter 9 TORQUE & Rotational Kinematics This motionless person is in static equilibrium. The forces acting on him add up to zero. Both forces are vertical in this case. This car is in dynamic equilibrium
More informationSph4c Chapter 2 Simple Machines LoRusso
Sph4c Chapter Simple Machines orusso Machine: A machine is any evice that helps us perform a task. hey are esigne to achieve at least one of five main functions Change energy from one form to another.
More informationCenter of Mass. A baseball thrown into the air follows a smooth parabolic path. A baseball bat thrown into the air does not follow a smooth path.
Center of Mass A baseball thrown into the air follows a smooth parabolic path. A baseball bat thrown into the air does not follow a smooth path. The bat wobbles about a special point. This point stays
More informationWork Forms of Energy Power Conservation of Energy Kepler s Laws of Motion Simple Machines Mechanical Advantage
Energy LCHS Work Forms of Energy Power Conservation of Energy Kepler s Laws of Motion Simple Machines Mechanical Advantage machine energy lever friction mechanical advantage input force mechanical system
More informationall the passengers. Figure 4.1 The bike transfers the effort and motion of the clown's feet into a different motion for all the riders.
Figure 4.1 The bike transfers the effort and motion of the clown's feet into a different motion for all the riders. hen we watch acrobats and clowns perform at a circus, we do not tend to think of science.
More informationAP Physics 1 Work Energy and Power Practice Test Name
AP Physics 1 Work Energy and Power Practice Test Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Two objects, one of mass m and the other
More informationUNIT 5: WORK and ENERGY RECORD ALL ANSWERS ON ANSWER SHEET.
PHYSICAL SCIENCE UNIT 5: WORK and ENERGY RECORD ALL ANSWERS ON ANSWER SHEET. name 1. Which of the following processes requires the most work? a. A 10 kg weight rests on a table. b. A person holds a 1 kg
More informationChapter 7 & 8 Prep Test: Circular Motion and Gravitation
Chapter 7 & 8 Prep Test: Circular Motion and Gravitation Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. A monkey rides a tricycle in a circular path with
More information