Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate.

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Primrose Morgan
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1 MODULE 2 WORKSHEET8 EQUILIBRIUM Syllus reference Clssify ech of the following sttements s true or flse. For the flse sttements rewrite them so they re true. For chemicl equilirium to e estlished the rection must e irreversile. FALSE For chemicl equilirium to e estlished the rection must e REVERSIBLE. Dynmic equilirium occurs when the forwrd nd reverse rections occur t the sme rte. c Le Chtelier s principle sttes tht if system t equilirium is distured the system djusts itself to mximise the disturnce. FALSE Le Chtelier s principle sttes tht if system t equilirium is distured the system d djusts itself to MINIMISE the disturnce. For system to e t equilirium there must e equl mounts of rectnts nd products. FALSE For system to e t equilirium there must e equl CHANGES IN THE mounts e of rectnts nd products. When system is t equilirium there re no oservle chnges in the mcroscopic properties. f (g) O(l) represents the equilirium eqution for cron dioxide dissolved in wter.

2 g The soluility of increses s temperture increses. FALSE The soluility of increses s temperture DECREASES. h A chnge in the pressure on system cn cuse shift in the equilirium position. i An increse in temperture will cuse n exothermic rection t equilirium to move to the left, lierting het. FALSE An increse in temperture will cuse n exothermic rection t equilirium to move j to the left, ABSORBING het. Removing the cp on fizzy drink lowers the concentrtion nd cuses the equilirium ( (g)) to move to the left relesing more gs. FALSE Removing the cp on fizzy drink lowers the concentrtion nd cuses the equilirium ( (g)) to move to the RIGHT relesing more gs. 2 For the following gseous rections, predict the effect upon the position of equilirium of: i incresing the pressure (y compressing the equilirium mixture into smller volume) ii dding to equtions nd c iii dding O 2 to eqution d nd Cl 2 to eqution iv decresing the temperture SO 2 (g) Cl 2 (g) SO 2 Cl 2 (g) (exothermic) (iii) CO(g) (g) HCHO(g) (exothermic) (ii) c CH 4 (g) O(g) CO(g) 3 (g) (endothermic) (i) (ii) (iv) d 2SO 2 (g) O 2 (g) 2SO 3 (g) (exothermic) (iii)

3 3 For the rection: C(s) O(g) CO(g) (g) H 131 kj/mol Explin the effect on the equilirium position of: decresing the volume of the rection vessel so tht the pressures of the individul gses ll incresed Decrese in volume mens increse in pressure so system will ct to decrese pressure nd reverse rection will occur t greter rte. incresing the temperture System will ct to decrese temperture so will move in the direction which sors het, to the right. c dding extr solid cron Adding solid cron will not ffect the equilirium. 4 Select the conditions tht would mximise the conversion of the underlined rectnt to the underlined product in the following rections t fixed temperture. 3 (g) N 2 (g) NH 3 (g) Increse pressure 4HCl(g) O 2 (g) 2Cl 2 (g) 2 O(g) Increse pressure

4 5 The tle elow shows the soluility of (g) in wter in g gs per kg wter t totl pressure of kp. TEMPERATURE ( C) SOLUBILITY (g/kg O) Plot grph of soluility versus temperture on the grid elow.

5 Use the grph to determine the soluility of t 25 C. Approximtely 1.45g/kg O 6 Chickens cnnot perspire so when they get hot they pnt. In hot wether, chickens ly eggs with thin shells tht re esily roken. The following equilirium system exists: (g) H O(l) H H H 2 Overll (g) H H H 2 Chicken reth C 2 2 C (s) egg shell Explin why pnting cuses weker egg shells. Pnting mens less gs in system so less. All rections move to left so less egg shell produced. To overcome this prolem, frmers gve chickens cronted wter. Explin how this cn overcome the prolem of wek egg shells. Cronted wter mens incresed concentrtion of so ll rections move right producing more egg shell.

Which of the following describes the net ionic reaction for the hydrolysis. Which of the following salts will produce a solution with the highest ph?

Which of the following describes the net ionic reaction for the hydrolysis. Which of the following salts will produce a solution with the highest ph? 95. Which of the following descries the net ionic rection for the hydrolysis of NH4Cl( s)? A. NH4 ( q) Cl & ( q) NH4Cl( s) B. NH Cl & 4 ( s) NH4 ( q) Cl ( q) C. Cl ( q) H O & 2 ( l) HCl( q) OH ( q) D.