The peculiar transit signature of CoRoT-29b

Transcription

1 The peculiar transit signature of J. Cabrera and the CoRoT Exoplanet Science Team Extrasolar Planets and Atmospheres Institute of Planetology German Aerospace Center (DLR) Berlin, Germany Folie 1 / 30

2 introduction the Team Folie 2 / 30

3 introduction fact sheet planetary parameters mass: 0.85 ± 0.20 M Jupiter radius: 0.90 ± 0.16 R Jupiter density: 1.45 ± 0.74 g cm 3 log g: 3.42 ± 0.19 (cgs) stellar parameters orbital parameters P: ± d a: ± AU K: 125 ± 17 m s 1 i: 87.3 ± 2.7 e: ± mass: 0.97 ± 0.14 M Sun radius: 0.90 ± 0.12 RSun Teff : ± 100K log g: 4.52 ± 0.19 (cgs) age: 1 8 Gyr K0V Folie 3 / 30

4 : the asymmetry of the transit the CoRoT observations Folie 4 / 30

5 : the asymmetry of the transit the CoRoT observations Folie 5 / 30

6 : the asymmetry of the transit the CoRoT observations Folie 6 / 30

7 : the asymmetry of the transit the CoRoT observations Folie 7 / 30

8 : the asymmetry of the transit confirmation from ground-based observations Folie 8 / 30

9 : the asymmetry of the transit confirmation from ground-based observations the transit is significantly asymmetric confirmed from ground Folie 9 / 30

10 : the origin of the asymmetry the planet tidal distortion of the planet J 2 = k 2 3 (q r q t ) ; q r = Ω2 R 3 p GM p ; q t = 3 ( Rp a ) 3 ( ) Mp M s (1) see Ragozzine & Wolf (2009); Leconte et al. (2011) Folie 10 / 30

11 : the origin of the asymmetry the planet tidal distortion of the planet J 2 = k 2 3 (q r q t ) ; q r = Ω2 R 3 p GM p ; q t = 3 ( Rp a ) 3 ( ) Mp M s (1) disk see Ragozzine & Wolf (2009); Leconte et al. (2011) Folie 10 / 30

12 : the origin of the asymmetry the planet tidal distortion of the planet J 2 = k 2 3 (q r q t ) ; q r = Ω2 R 3 p GM p ; q t = 3 ( Rp a ) 3 ( ) Mp M s (1) see Ragozzine & Wolf (2009); Leconte et al. (2011) disk rings, moons... discarded by the data Folie 10 / 30

13 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots Folie 11 / 30

14 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots gravity darkening χ 2 = 71 (62 p; 12 f; χ 2 r = 1.4) spot χ 2 = 84 (60 p; 12 f; χ 2 r = 1.8) Folie 12 / 30

15 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots Folie 13 / 30

16 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots V410 Tau by Hatzes (1995) Folie 14 / 30

17 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots the spot scenario is ad hoc stability over 1 yr required (ground-based observations) polar spot (and misaligned orbit) slow rotating, main sequence star Folie 15 / 30

18 : the origin of the asymmetry stellar spots the spot scenario is ad hoc stability over 1 yr required (ground-based observations) polar spot (and misaligned orbit) slow rotating, main sequence star discarded by the data Folie 15 / 30

19 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening Folie 16 / 30

20 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening Barnes (2009) ApJ, 705 Folie 17 / 30

21 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening Szabó et al. (2011) ApJ, 736 Barnes et al. (2013) ApJ, 774 Zhou & Huang (2013) ApJ, 776 Folie 18 / 30

22 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening effective gravitational potential ( V = GM ( ) 2 s Rs,eq 1 J 2 P 2 (sin b)) 1 R(b) R(b) 2 Ω rot 2 R 2 (b) cos 2 b (2) (see, for example, Zahn et al. 2010) Folie 19 / 30

23 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening effective gravitational potential ( V = GM ( ) 2 s Rs,eq 1 J 2 P 2 (sin b)) 1 R(b) R(b) 2 Ω rot 2 R 2 (b) cos 2 b (2) (see, for example, Zahn et al. 2010) J 2 = ± Folie 19 / 30

24 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening effective gravitational potential ( V = GM ( ) 2 s Rs,eq 1 J 2 P 2 (sin b)) 1 R(b) R(b) 2 Ω rot 2 R 2 (b) cos 2 b (2) (see, for example, Zahn et al. 2010) J 2 = ± J 2 = (1.7 ± 0.4) 10 7 (Lang 1999) Folie 19 / 30

25 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening effective gravitational potential ( V = GM ( ) 2 s Rs,eq 1 J 2 P 2 (sin b)) 1 R(b) R(b) 2 Ω rot 2 R 2 (b) cos 2 b (2) (see, for example, Zahn et al. 2010) J 2 = ± J 2 = (1.7 ± 0.4) 10 7 (Lang 1999) WASP-33 J 2 = (Iorio 2011) Folie 19 / 30

26 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening effective gravitational potential ( V = GM ( ) 2 s Rs,eq 1 J 2 P 2 (sin b)) 1 R(b) R(b) 2 Ω rot 2 R 2 (b) cos 2 b (2) (see, for example, Zahn et al. 2010) J 2 = ± J 2 = (1.7 ± 0.4) 10 7 (Lang 1999) WASP-33 J 2 = (Iorio 2011) star has solar radius and is not rotating fast (v sin i = 3.5 ± 0.5 km s 1 ) Folie 19 / 30

27 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening Folie 20 / 30

28 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening planetary orbit is misaligned Albrecht et al. (2012) ApJ, 7757 Folie 21 / 30

29 : the origin of the asymmetry gravity darkening planetary orbit is misaligned Albrecht et al. (2012) ApJ, 7757 (adapted) Folie 21 / 30

30 by way of conclusion open questions what is the origin of the stellar asymmetry? how to conciliate J 2 and k 2 theory and observations? what is the age of the star? fundamental to study the tidal evolution have we missed something? Folie 22 / 30

31 Folie 23 / 30

32 contamination Folie 24 / 30

33 raw light curve Folie 25 / 30

34 raw light curve Folie 26 / 30

35 raw light curve Folie 27 / 30

36 CoRoT-28b fact sheet planetary parameters mass: ± M Jupiter radius: ± R Jupiter density: 0.60 ± 0.27 g cm 3 log g: 3.12 ± 0.14 (cgs) stellar parameters orbital parameters P: ± d a: ± AU K: 56.4 ± 4.9 m s 1 i: 88.1 ± 0.8 e: ± mass: 1.01 ± 0.14 M Sun radius: 1.78 ± 0.11 RSun Teff : ± 100K log g: 3.94 ± 0.12 (cgs) age: 12.0 ± 1.5 Gyr G8/9IV Folie 28 / 30

37 CoRoT-28b tidal interactions Folie 29 / 30

38 CoRoT-28b tidal interactions Folie 30 / 30