CHAPTER 2 ELECTRIC FIELD

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1 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 9 CHAPTR LCTRIC FILD.. Intductin If we plce tet chge in the pce ne chged d, n electttic fce will ct n the chge. In thi ce we pek f n electic field in thi pce ( nlgy : we pek f mgnetic field in the pce und b mgnet ) In the clicl they f M Chge d Q tet the electic nd mgnetic field e centl cncept. In thi chpte we del with electic field cited with chge viewed fm efeence fme in which they e t et electttic We del with the ide fce cting n ditnce.. The electic field Fdy (79-867) : n electic field extend utwd fm evey chge nd pemete ll f pce F Chge et up field chge tht exet fce f n chge When ecnd chge i plced ne the it ( ) fell fce becue f the electic field tht i thee ( y t pint P). A field i nt kind f mtte but it i cncept

2 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) We cn invetigte the uunding chge i gup f chge by meuing the fce n mll pitive tet chge. Becue the lge by it chge might ditub the pimy chge tht e epnible f the field nd tht the fce it exet de nt ignificntly lte the ditibutin f the the chge ( the ne tht cue the field being meued) The electic field intenity : lim F den t depend n the tet chge. Thi men decibe nly the ffect f the chge ceting it ( hny mendekipikn efek di mutn yng menciptkn tb) The diectin f t ny pint in pce i defined the diectin f the fce n pitive chge t tht pint t ditnce fm ingle pint chge wuld hve mgnitude Line f Fce k k In de t viulize the electic field we cn dw eie f electic field line f line f fce uiptentil

3 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) Ne the chge whee the fce i getet the line e cled tgethe The tget t line f fce t ny pint give the diectin f t the pint The line f fce e dwn tht the numbe f line pe unit c ectin (N/A) e pependicul i pptinl t the mgnitude f. Whee the line e cle tgethe i lge nd whee they e f pt i mll. line tt n (+) chge nd end (-) chge CALCULATION OF. Pint chge F (/). / F/ (/) /. Gup f pint chge Σ N N 3. Chge ditibutin i cntinu 3 λ /l dl A σ /A V ρ /V

4 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) xmple:. Figue belw hw chge ( -6 C ) cm fm chge (.-6 C). Whee i n the line between tw chge the electic field ze? Q R Q X x ( l x). Detemine the electic field pduce t C A C C C AB. BC.5 3 C B AC BC + +

5 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 3 3. Ring f chge : A ing f chge nd diu. Clculte f pint n xi f the ing ditnce x fm it cente. d x θ P d c θ d d 4. Infinite line f line chge whe line chge denity λ. Clculte t ditnce y fm the line x π d in θ cθ d x ( + x ) 3/ d π d π ( + x ) 3/ π d + x d + x x ( + x ) / d d x y tnθ ; dx y ec θ dθ y λ πε λ inθ πε y - cθ d dx cθ y + x π / ; d λ dx ; λ πε cθ d λ πε y π / x + y cθ dθ d dx y dy P x dx

6 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 4 5. An electic diple : A pitive nd negtive chge f eul mgnitude plced t ditnce pt, cnfigutin clled n electic diple. Wht i the field due t thee chge t pint P, ditnce lng pependicul biect f the line jining the chge. Aume >> θ + ( + ) y y cθ whee c θ P + () f diple vie t lge ditnce / 3, whee f pint chge () dp ff me lwly / y ( + ) if >> ( + ) y + 3 3/ + P 3 6. A pint chge nd electic diple in n electic field A pticle f m m nd chge i plced t plt in unifm electic field nd eleed. Decibe it mtin V F m m ince V ; V t t y y t ; Vy y m m k mv y t m

7 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 5 Deflecting n electn bem An electn f m m nd chge e pjected with peed V t the ight ngle t unifm electic field. Decibe it mtin : V α d L x Vt ; y t m m m t mv t When the electn emege fm the plte it tvel in tight line tngent t pbl t the exit pint ( neglecting the gvity) tnα dy dx x x mv x d L Gu Lw The numbe f line flux f vect field (Φ) pe unit e c ectin A i pptinl t. The numbe f line i pptinl t N ~ Denity f line fce N/A N A ( pependicul with A) F i nt pependicul with A : n unit pe vect f nml ufce d d n d dn. n d c θ d N n d ufce integl n d d n θ A

8 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 6 Cnide : chge inide phee clet ufce d The flux f electic field f the chge thugh pheicl ufce cncentic with the chge f cn be clculted. If i the diu f the phee pduced by the chge t ech pint f pheicl ufce i : The unit vect nml (n) t phee cncid with the unit vect lng the dil diectin () the ngle between nd the nml n i ze nd c θ n Becue the h the me mgnitude t ll pint f pheicl ufce nd the e the phee i 4π, the flux The electic flux thugh the phee i pptinl t the chge nd independent f the diu f the ufce. F ech cncentic pheicl ufce S ;S ;S 3 unf the chge, the electic flux thugh ech i me N N N 3 N n N ds ε n d ε S S 3 S

9 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 7 A chge inide n bity cled ufce N cθ d d cθ lid ngle dω 4π N n d ε cθ d d cθ d dω n n d d n If chge i utide cled ufce, the electic flux i ze becue the incming flux i eul t yhe utging flux. if thee e,,3,. Inide cled ufce, A, the ttl electic flux will be the um f the flux pduced by ech chge. 3 n d ε i 3 If n chge e peent inide the cled ufce if the net chge i ze, the ttl flux thugh the ufce i ze. The chge uch,, utide the cled ufce dnt cntibute t the ttl flux

10 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 8 Applictin f Gu Lw. A hyptheticl cled cylinde f diu R immeed in unifm electic field. The cylinde xi being pllel t the field. Wht the electic flux f the cled ufce. θ da 3 da da Anlyticl view : Phyicl view : N Φ - A n da c8 da + + A n da + n da c da + c 9 Thee e n uce ink f tht if chge within the cled ufce. Line f chge with linie t () left nd emege t () ight n da. An infinite line f chge with line chge denity λ. Find t ditnce fm the line? + + da 3

11 lecticity-mgnetim Tutil (QU PROJCT) 9 3. Field f n infinite Plne heet f chge

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