Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity"

Transcription

1 , Pisa Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity Jacopo Belf Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Pisa Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa.

2 The collaboration J. Belfi, F. Bosi, G. Cella, R. Santagata, A. Di Virgilio INFN Sez. di Pisa, Pisa, Italy A.Ortolan Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN Legnaro (Padova), Italy A. Porzio and S. Solimeno University of Naples and CNR-SPIN, Naples, Italy A. Beghi, D. Cuccato, A. Donazzan, G. Naletto, M. Pellizzo University of Padova, Italy G. Saccorotti INGV sez. di Pisa, Italy N. Beverini, B. Bouhadef, M. Calamai, G. Carelli, E. Maccioni University of Pisa and CNISM, Pisa, Italy M. L. Ruggiero and A. Tartaglia Polit. of Torino and INFN, Torino, Italy K. U. Schreiber and A. Gebauer Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Forschungseinrichtung Satellitengeodaesie Fundamentalstation Wettzell, Bad Koetzting, Germany J-P. R. Wells, R Hurst Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, New Zealand Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa

3 Outline GINGER experiment Ideas, motivations and requirements Ring Laser Gyroscopes Sagnac effect State of the art Experimental Activity Earth's rotation measurements Sensor model and noise fltering Interferometric control of the cavity geometry Outlook and conclusion Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa

4 Rotations in GR The axis of a gyroscope will precess following the curvature of the local space-time due to: Earth's Mass (Geodetic precession) and Earth's Rotation (Lense-Thirring or Frame Dragging) Space-Test LAGEOS+GRACE ( ): Dragging 10% GRAVITY PROBE B ( ): Geodetic 0.28% Dragging 19% LARES (2012-) expected 1-2% on Frame Dragging On ground δ Ω GM G ^ Ω sin θ e + J Ω E [ j^e 3( j^e u^r ) e^r ] θ E E c R c R Ω E Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa Ω E

5 GINGER (Gyroscopes In General Relativity) Testing GR with a very accurate measurement of Earth's rotation rate F. Bosi et al., Phys. Rev. D 84, (2011) Quasars 1: from IERS (International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service) system (inertial reference frame) 2: from an ultra sensitive Gyroscopes array based underground (dragged reference frame) Inertial-frame Ω E rotation measurement 3-axial Ring-Laser rotation Ω E ' Local measurement

6 GINGER (Gyroscopes In General Relativity) Motivations In space the observer is in geodetic motion (free fall) In a ground laboratory the observer is in a non inertial motion Quasars Metric is tested on different length scales (planetary meter-scale) Absolutely different interpretation, no need of gravitational feld not necessary Multidisciplinarity (Geodesy, Geophysics) 3-axial Ring-Laser

7 Sagnac Interferometers Sagnac effect ω Ω ΔL 4A Δ t Sagnac= 2 Ω n c Advantages No moving masses No signal for a linearly accelerating reference-frame L > 1 m Earth rotation is the bias! Resonant cavity Ω 4A Δ f Sagnac = Ω n Pλ Quantum limit c P h νt δω shot = 4 AQ 2P out t ( Low cavity losses High power Large size Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa 1 /2 )

8 State of the art: the G ring laser Wettzell observatory (GE) GEODESY Days Diurnal (Oppolzer) K.U.Schreiber, et al., J. Geophys. Res.. 109, B06405 (2004) Annual (circular)+chandler (elliptical) Wobble T=432 s.d. K.U.Schreiber, et al., PRL. 107, (2011)

9 GINGER key-points How to do better than G-Wettzel? Use a tri-axial gyro, no absolute orientation is required. Measure the vector modulus. Δf i= 4 Ai P i λi n^ i +syst. Ω δ Ω Ω E Geometry of the ring must be controlled actively (optical frequency references) Local ground rotational noise must be low (underground lab.) Minimize laser dynamics non-reciprocal effects (L>6m)+modeling Calibration procedure w.r.t. local space-time (external metrology) Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa

10 G-Pisa Ring Laser Δ f s =K R (1+K A )Ω+Δ f 0 +Δ f bs [Hz] A. Velikoseltsev, PhD thesis (2005) J. Belf et al., Applied Physics B, 106(2): (2012) [Hours]

11 Ring laser hacking Sagnac A. Beghi et al. Applied Optics 51, 31 (2012) I1 b c rb I2 rc ra P( E1,2 ) rd d a Active medium He+20Ne+22Ne 2 2i μ (3) (2) ab P ( E 1,2 )= γ χ (v )ρ (v, E 1,2) dv 1,2 ab Opposite beams dynamics I 1=α1 I 1 β I 21 θ2 I 2 I 1 +r 2 I 1 I 2 cos( ψ ϵ2 ), I 2=α 2 I 2 β I 22 θ1 I 2 I 1 +r 1 I 1 I 2 cos(ψ+ϵ2 ), ψ =ω s + τ 1 I 1 τ 2 I 2 r 2 I2 I1 sin (ψ ϵ2 ) r 1 sin( ψ+ ϵ1 ) I1 I2

12 Study of systematics Max signal orientation: fs=155.5 Hz Observables 2 S (t)= a1 E1 (t )+a2 E 2 (t) 2 V 1 (t )= b1 E1 (t)+c 21 E 2 (t ) V 2 (t)= b2 E 2 (t )+c 12 E 1 (t)2 Calibration parameters INF S. P N lab i iero n ag rad o, P isa Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa ξ1,2 : Optical detunings p : Gas pressure T Ne : Atomic temperature k 20,22 : Isotopic ratio μ 1,2 : cavity total losses G : single pass gain

13 Kalman filter on real data G-Pi s a sh ot n o ise Allan DEV of AR2 (upper curve) and EKF (lower curve) rotational frequency estimates. The straight line represents the shot noise level of G-PISA D. Cuccato et al. Metrologia 51, 97, (2014) Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa Histograms of the estimates of AR2 (pale gray) and EKF (dark gray) during 2 days of G-PISA data. Red line: is the expected Sagnac frequency due to Earth rotation, Dotted lines represent its residual uncertainty bounds due to geometric and orientation tolerances.

14 GINGER geometry problem Tri-axial measurement of the Earth rotation down to LT implies: f Si = 4 Ai P i λi n^ i +syst. Ω S δ f i 10 <10 f i Systematics are strongly diluted if L>4 m Sensor stability limited by Geometrical stability Octahedral shape Rigidity can be obtained by locking internal degrees of freedom: 3 diagonals + 4 cavity perimeters Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa

15 Single ring geometry controllability Scope: Adjust the beam path to the regular square shape 12 degrees of freedom -6 d.of. (Rigid body) = 6 d.of. (Cavity deformation) The only linear contribution to the perimeter length comes from E1 Strategy Block the diagonal cavity lengths to the same value (FP intrf.) [(E1,E5), E2] Optimize the residual 4 quadratic d.o.f. [E3(-), E4(-), E5(+), E6(+)] at the saddle point for the perimeter E1 E2 E3 E4 E1 E3 E5 E5 E2 E4 E6

16 Diagonal cavities length control: GP2 RLG Basic Idea Inject the 2 Fabry Pérot cavities with an external laser Measure the 2 absolute lengths Set them equal by controlling mirrors positions GP2 (r1,t1) (r2,t2) L Einc Etrans Eref R1 R2 Use a single laser for both the two cavities f n= c [n+ Ψ R +Φn ] 2L L 1 Ψ R =2 cos (1 ) r Φn =dielectric phase shift π 1) Lock the cavities to the laser (Pound-Drever-Hall) (set optical resonance frequency) 2) Measure the FSR (tuning FM side-bands to a multiple m of FSR) δ FSR Congresso Nazionale SIF 2014, Pisa 1 m

17 Diagonals interrogation scheme {[ Ei (t )=E 0 exp i ω 0 t +α sin ( ω A t ) +β sin ( ω B t +Δ sin ( ω C t ) ) ]} ω0 474 THz (optical frequency) ω A 10 MHz (carrier lock modulation) ω B m FSR 1 GHz (sidebands res.) ωc 10 khz (lock-in detection mod.) EOM fsb Laser He-Ne-Iodine Reference Laser: Stability (t=100 s) P.D. α sin ( ω A t ) F.P. B.S. ωa + S carrier ωc β sin ( ω B t + γ sin ( ω C t ) ) S side

18 Optical-bench test Cavity lock error signal Sideband lock error signal

19 Closed loop performances Residual displacement noise Cavity 1 Cavity 2 Correction signals Blue line: cavity 1, red line: cavity 2. Thick trace: temperature of the lab.

20 Absolute length unbalance The two contributions from Gouy's phase and dielectric shift cancel out for equal mirrors and nd should be an integer number Frequency countings for the FSR estimation (70 min each) The estimated mean value of the mode number difference is nd = ± 1.6 Accuracy on the length difference δd = (λ/2) δnd 500nm. (Accepted for publication in CQG) Expected improvements Higher fnesse, Controlled environment, Lower noise in the electronics

21 Conclusion GINGER aims at a fully complementary test of the Earth's Frame Dragging. Key points 6m in side-length Tri-axial Active stabilization Experimental results Control of laser dynamics Study of the non-linearities (numerical model) EKF approach 10-fold increase in accuracy and stability of G-Pisa data Control geometrical scale factor (Test bench for diagonals locking) Development of the laser source, Stable lock to the carrier (10-11), Accuracy on the length difference of 500 nm Next Installation of GINGER-ino (L=3.6 m) in G-Sasso Underground Lab, Application of the geometry control to GP2 (L=1.6 m) in Pisa

Using Ring Laser Systems to Measure Gravitomagnetic Effects on Earth

Using Ring Laser Systems to Measure Gravitomagnetic Effects on Earth Using Ring Laser Systems to Measure Gravitomagnetic Effects on Earth Matteo Luca Ruggiero 1 1 RELGRAV @ Politecnico di Torino, INFN Sezione di Torino GREAT-ES Workshop, Porto ML Ruggiero (RELGRAV@PoliTo,

More information

High-Accuracy Ring Laser Gyroscopes: Earth Rotation Rate and Relativistic Effects

High-Accuracy Ring Laser Gyroscopes: Earth Rotation Rate and Relativistic Effects Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS High-Accuracy Ring Laser Gyroscopes: Earth Rotation Rate and Relativistic Effects To cite this article: N Beverini et al 2016 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

More information

The GINGER project and status of the GINGERino prototype at LNGS

The GINGER project and status of the GINGERino prototype at LNGS Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS The GINGER project and status of the GINGERino prototype at LNGS To cite this article: A Ortolan et al 2016 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 718 072003 Related

More information

A Laser gyroscope system to detect gravito-magnetic effect on Earth. (G-GranSasso, INFN Comm. II)

A Laser gyroscope system to detect gravito-magnetic effect on Earth. (G-GranSasso, INFN Comm. II) A Laser gyroscope system to detect gravito-magnetic effect on Earth (G-GranSasso, INFN Comm. II) it is a long story, started inside Virgo, in the near future it will move in a different direction, but

More information

Hands on GINGER: Seismic Wave measurement

Hands on GINGER: Seismic Wave measurement Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Genova, Italy INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy E-mail: federico.ferraro@ge.infn.it Angela Di Virgilio INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy

More information

Recent Advances in High Resolution Rotation Sensing

Recent Advances in High Resolution Rotation Sensing Recent Advances in High Resolution Rotation Sensing U. Schreiber 1,2, A. Gebauer 1, R. Hurst 2, J.-P. Wells 2 1 Forschungseinrichtung Satellitengeodäsie, Technische Universität München, Germany 2 Department

More information

arxiv: v1 [gr-qc] 24 Jun 2011

arxiv: v1 [gr-qc] 24 Jun 2011 Measuring gravito-magnetic effects by multi ring-laser gyroscope F. Bosi, a G. Cella, b and A. Di Virgilio c INFN Sez. di Pisa, Pisa, Italy A.Ortolan d Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN Legnaro (Padova),

More information

Angela Di Virgilio. INFN Sezione di Pisa

Angela Di Virgilio. INFN Sezione di Pisa Angela Di Virgilio INFN Sezione di Pisa Trento, September 2013 2 Trento, September 2013 3 Small ring laser OFG Aircraft Navigation Submarine Navigation G-Pisa G (Wettzell) 10-4 10-6 10-8 10-10 10-12 10-14

More information

First Results of GINGERino, a deep underground ring-laser arxiv: v3 [physics.ins-det] 29 Mar 2016

First Results of GINGERino, a deep underground ring-laser arxiv: v3 [physics.ins-det] 29 Mar 2016 First Results of GINGERino, a deep underground ring-laser arxiv:1601.02874v3 [physics.ins-det] 29 Mar 2016 J. Belfi 1, N. Beverini 1,2, F. Bosi 3, G. Carelli 1,2, D. Cuccato 3,4, G. De Luca 5, A. Di Virgilio

More information

I. Introduction. Abstract

I. Introduction. Abstract First deep underground observation of rotational signals from an earthquake at teleseismic distance using a large ring laser gyroscope Andreino Simonelli 1,3,6,, Jacopo Belfi 1, Nicolò Beverini 1,2, Giorgio

More information

Phasor Calculations in LIGO

Phasor Calculations in LIGO Phasor Calculations in LIGO Physics 208, Electro-optics Peter Beyersdorf Document info Case study 1, 1 LIGO interferometer Power Recycled Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometer 10m modecleaner filters noise

More information

Experimental determination of gravitomagnetic effects by means of ring lasers arxiv: v1 [gr-qc] 12 Dec 2012

Experimental determination of gravitomagnetic effects by means of ring lasers arxiv: v1 [gr-qc] 12 Dec 2012 Experimental determination of gravitomagnetic effects by means of ring lasers arxiv:1212.2880v1 [gr-qc] 12 Dec 2012 Angelo Tartaglia Politecnico, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy, and INFN

More information

Quantum optics and squeezed states of light

Quantum optics and squeezed states of light Quantum optics and squeezed states of light Eugeniy E. Mikhailov The College of William & Mary June 15, 2012 Eugeniy E. Mikhailov (W&M) Quantum optics June 15, 2012 1 / 44 From ray optics to semiclassical

More information

State of the art cold atom gyroscope without dead times

State of the art cold atom gyroscope without dead times State of the art cold atom gyroscope without dead times Remi Geiger SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris GDR IQFA Telecom Paris November 18 th, 2016 I. Dutta, D. Savoie, B. Fang, B. Venon, C. L. Garrido Alzar,

More information

An Overview of Advanced LIGO Interferometry

An Overview of Advanced LIGO Interferometry An Overview of Advanced LIGO Interferometry Luca Matone Columbia Experimental Gravity group (GECo) Jul 16-20, 2012 LIGO-G1200743 Day Topic References 1 2 3 4 5 Gravitational Waves, Michelson IFO, Fabry-Perot

More information

Optical Metrology Applications at TAS-I in support of Gravity and Fundamental Physics

Optical Metrology Applications at TAS-I in support of Gravity and Fundamental Physics Optical Metrology Applications at TAS-I in support of Gravity and Fundamental Physics Template reference : 100181670S-EN Stefano Cesare, Thales Alenia Space Italia, Torino Workshop GG/GGG: state of the

More information

GROUND NOISE STUDIES USING THE TAMA300 GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTOR AND RELATED HIGHLY-SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS

GROUND NOISE STUDIES USING THE TAMA300 GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTOR AND RELATED HIGHLY-SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS GROUND NOISE STUDIES USING THE TAMA300 GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTOR AND RELATED HIGHLY-SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS Akito ARAYA Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032,

More information

Squeezed Light for Gravitational Wave Interferometers

Squeezed Light for Gravitational Wave Interferometers Squeezed Light for Gravitational Wave Interferometers R. Schnabel, S. Chelkowski, H. Vahlbruch, B. Hage, A. Franzen, and K. Danzmann. Institut für Atom- und Molekülphysik, Universität Hannover Max-Planck-Institut

More information

The technology behind LIGO: how to measure displacements of meters

The technology behind LIGO: how to measure displacements of meters The technology behind LIGO: how to measure displacements of 10-19 meters The LIGO interferometers Interferometry: displacement sensing Noise limits Advanced LIGO 4pm today, 1 West: Results from science

More information

The gravitational wave detector VIRGO

The gravitational wave detector VIRGO The gravitational wave detector VIRGO for the VIRGO collaboration Raffaele Flaminio Laboratoire d Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP) IN2P3 - CNRS Summary I. A bit of gravitational wave physics

More information

Optical Cavity Tests of Lorentz Invariance

Optical Cavity Tests of Lorentz Invariance Light driven Nuclear-Particle physics and Cosmology 2017 (Pacifico Yokohama) April 20, 2017 Optical Cavity Tests of Lorentz Invariance Yuta Michimura Department of Physics, University of Tokyo H. Takeda,

More information

Squeezed states of light - generation and applications

Squeezed states of light - generation and applications Squeezed states of light - generation and applications Eugeniy E. Mikhailov The College of William & Mary Fudan, December 24, 2013 Eugeniy E. Mikhailov (W&M) Squeezed light Fudan, December 24, 2013 1 /

More information

The status of VIRGO. To cite this version: HAL Id: in2p

The status of VIRGO. To cite this version: HAL Id: in2p The status of VIRGO E. Tournefier, F. Acernese, P. Amico, M. Al-Shourbagy, S. Aoudia, S. Avino, D. Babusci, G. Ballardin, R. Barillé, F. Barone, et al. To cite this version: E. Tournefier, F. Acernese,

More information

A broad band detector of Gravitational Waves: The dual torus

A broad band detector of Gravitational Waves: The dual torus A broad band detector of Gravitational Waves: The dual torus M.BONALDI 1, M.CERDONIO 2, L.CONTI 2, M.PINARD 3, G.A.PRODI 4, L.TAFFARELLO 5, J.P.ZENDRI 5 1 Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, ITC-CNR,

More information

arxiv:physics/ v1 30 Jun 2004

arxiv:physics/ v1 30 Jun 2004 JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 109, B06405, doi:10.1029/2003jb002803, 2004 arxiv:physics/0406156 v1 30 Jun 2004 Direct measurement of diurnal polar motion by ring laser gyroscopes K. U. Schreiber,

More information

Enhancing sensitivity of gravitational wave antennas, such as LIGO, via light-atom interaction

Enhancing sensitivity of gravitational wave antennas, such as LIGO, via light-atom interaction Enhancing sensitivity of gravitational wave antennas, such as LIGO, via light-atom interaction Eugeniy E. Mikhailov The College of William & Mary, USA New Laser Scientists, 4 October 04 Eugeniy E. Mikhailov

More information

Spectroscopy of lithium ions at 34% of the speed of light with sub-doppler linewidth

Spectroscopy of lithium ions at 34% of the speed of light with sub-doppler linewidth Towards a test of time dilation: Spectroscopy of lithium ions at 34% of the speed of light with sub-doppler linewidth.07.008 /3 Outline Introduction: test theories for SRT Tools for modern test of time

More information

arxiv: v2 [physics.optics] 7 Mar 2013

arxiv: v2 [physics.optics] 7 Mar 2013 Feasibility of giant fiber-optic gyroscopes Stephan Schiller Institut für Experimentalphysik, Heinrich-Heine- Universitüt Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Abstract arxiv:131.769v2 [physics.optics] 7 Mar

More information

Cavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium

Cavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium Cavity decay rate in presence of a Slow-Light medium Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, Orsay, France Thomas Lauprêtre Fabienne Goldfarb Fabien Bretenaker School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University,

More information

EE 570: Location and Navigation

EE 570: Location and Navigation EE 570: Location and Navigation Sensor Technology Stephen Bruder 1 Aly El-Osery 2 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univesity Prescott, Arizona, USA 2 Electrical

More information

Direct measurement of diurnal polar motion by ring laser gyroscopes

Direct measurement of diurnal polar motion by ring laser gyroscopes JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 109,, doi:10.1029/2003jb002803, 2004 Direct measurement of diurnal polar motion by ring laser gyroscopes K. U. Schreiber, A. Velikoseltsev, and M. Rothacher Forschungseinrichtung

More information

Gravitational tests using simultaneous atom interferometers

Gravitational tests using simultaneous atom interferometers Gravitational tests using simultaneous atom interferometers Gabriele Rosi Quantum gases, fundamental interactions and cosmology conference 5-7 October 017, Pisa Outline Introduction to atom interferometry

More information

Towards compact transportable atom-interferometric inertial sensors

Towards compact transportable atom-interferometric inertial sensors Towards compact transportable atom-interferometric inertial sensors G. Stern (SYRTE/LCFIO) Increasing the interrogation time T is often the limiting parameter for the sensitivity. Different solutions:

More information

Status and Plans for Future Generations of Ground-based Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Antennas

Status and Plans for Future Generations of Ground-based Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Antennas Status and Plans for Future Generations of Ground-based Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Antennas 4 th international LISA Symposium July 22, 2002 @ Penn State University Seiji Kawamura National Astronomical

More information

Fundamental Physics with Atomic Interferometry

Fundamental Physics with Atomic Interferometry Fundamental Physics with Atomic Interferometry Peter Graham Stanford with Savas Dimopoulos Jason Hogan Mark Kasevich Surjeet Rajendran PRL 98 (2007) PRD 78 (2008) PRD 78 (2008) PLB 678 (2009) arxiv:1009.2702

More information

Radiation pressure effects in interferometric measurements

Radiation pressure effects in interferometric measurements Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris Radiation pressure effects in interferometric measurements A. Heidmann M. Pinard J.-M. Courty P.-F. Cohadon T. Briant O. Arcizet T. Caniard C. Molinelli P. Verlot Quantum

More information

Atomic magnetometers: new twists to the old story. Michael Romalis Princeton University

Atomic magnetometers: new twists to the old story. Michael Romalis Princeton University Atomic magnetometers: new twists to the old story Michael Romalis Princeton University Outline K magnetometer Elimination of spin-exchange relaxation Experimental setup Magnetometer performance Theoretical

More information

Towards quantum metrology with N00N states enabled by ensemble-cavity interaction. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Towards quantum metrology with N00N states enabled by ensemble-cavity interaction. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Towards quantum metrology with N00N states enabled by ensemble-cavity interaction Hao Zhang Monika Schleier-Smith Robert McConnell Jiazhong Hu Vladan Vuletic Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT-Harvard

More information

0.5 atoms improve the clock signal of 10,000 atoms

0.5 atoms improve the clock signal of 10,000 atoms 0.5 atoms improve the clock signal of 10,000 atoms I. Kruse 1, J. Peise 1, K. Lange 1, B. Lücke 1, L. Pezzè 2, W. Ertmer 1, L. Santos 3, A. Smerzi 2, C. Klempt 1 1 Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität

More information

Optical Techniques for Gravitational-Wave Detection

Optical Techniques for Gravitational-Wave Detection Optical Techniques for Gravitational-Wave Detection M. Tacca Nikhef - Amsterdam Nikhef- 2017 July 14th Born in Novara (Italy) Introducing Myself PostDoc Fellow @ Nikhef (since July 2017) Laurea & PhD @

More information

Scale factor characteristics of laser gyroscopes of different sizes

Scale factor characteristics of laser gyroscopes of different sizes Scale factor characteristics of laser gyroscopes of different sizes Zhenfang Fan, Guangfeng Lu, Shomin Hu, Zhiguo Wang and Hui Luo a) National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073,

More information

First Results from the Mesa Beam Profile Cavity Prototype

First Results from the Mesa Beam Profile Cavity Prototype First Results from the Mesa Beam Profile Cavity Prototype Marco Tarallo 26 July 2005 Caltech LIGO Laboratory LIGO-G050348-00-D LIGO Scientific Collaboration 1 Contents Environment setup: description and

More information

Searching for Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with LIGO

Searching for Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with LIGO Searching for Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with LIGO Vuk Mandic University of Minnesota 09/21/07 Outline LIGO Experiment:» Overview» Status» Future upgrades Stochastic background of gravitational

More information

Quantum enhanced magnetometer and squeezed state of light tunable filter

Quantum enhanced magnetometer and squeezed state of light tunable filter Quantum enhanced magnetometer and squeezed state of light tunable filter Eugeniy E. Mikhailov The College of William & Mary October 5, 22 Eugeniy E. Mikhailov (W&M) Squeezed light October 5, 22 / 42 Transition

More information

Nanometrology and its role in the development of nanotechnology

Nanometrology and its role in the development of nanotechnology Nanometrology and its role in the development of nanotechnology Rob Bergmans Nederlands Meetinstituut Van Swinden Laboratorium 1 NMi Van Swinden Laboratorium The Art of Measurement Dutch national metrology

More information

Preparation of the data analysis of the gravitational wave space antenna.

Preparation of the data analysis of the gravitational wave space antenna. Preparation of the data analysis of the gravitational wave space antenna. 1) LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) Why? 2)How? 1 Frequency Limitation Seismic noise cannot be cancelled at low-frequency

More information

. D CR Nomenclature D 1

. D CR Nomenclature D 1 . D CR Nomenclature D 1 Appendix D: CR NOMENCLATURE D 2 The notation used by different investigators working in CR formulations has not coalesced, since the topic is in flux. This Appendix identifies the

More information

Computing Laser Beam Paths in Optical Cavities:

Computing Laser Beam Paths in Optical Cavities: arxiv manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Computing Laser Beam Paths in Optical Cavities: An Approach based on Geometric Newton Method Davide Cuccato Alessandro Saccon Antonello Ortolan Alessandro

More information

Sensing Rotation with Light: From Fiber Optic Gyroscope to Exceptional Points

Sensing Rotation with Light: From Fiber Optic Gyroscope to Exceptional Points Sensing Rotation with Light: From Fiber Optic Gyroscope to Exceptional Points Michel Digonnet Applied Physics Department Stanford University Stanford University 1 The Sagnac Effect in Vacuum! The fiber

More information

Cold Atom Navigation Sensors. Atom Interferometry Group Stanford Center for Position, Navigation and Time Mark Kasevich

Cold Atom Navigation Sensors. Atom Interferometry Group Stanford Center for Position, Navigation and Time Mark Kasevich Cold Atom Navigation Sensors Atom Interferometry Group Stanford Center for Position, Navigation and Time Mark Kasevich Navigation strategies Radio navigation Radio reference signals allow trajectory determination

More information

Experimental AMO eets meets M odel Model Building: Part I (Precision Atom Interferometry)

Experimental AMO eets meets M odel Model Building: Part I (Precision Atom Interferometry) Experimental AMO meets Model Building: Part I (Precision Atom Interferometry) Interference of Rb atoms Chiow, et. al, PRL, 2011 Young s double slit with atoms Young s 2 slit with Helium atoms Interference

More information

Sensitivity limits of atom interferometry gravity gradiometers and strainmeters. Fiodor Sorrentino INFN Genova

Sensitivity limits of atom interferometry gravity gradiometers and strainmeters. Fiodor Sorrentino INFN Genova Sensitivity limits of atom interferometry gravity gradiometers and strainmeters Fiodor Sorrentino INFN Genova 1 Outline AI sensors, state of the art performance Main noise sources Potential improvements

More information

Delay compensated Optical Time and Frequency Distribution for Space Geodesy

Delay compensated Optical Time and Frequency Distribution for Space Geodesy Delay compensated Optical Time and Frequency Distribution for Space Geodesy U. Schreiber 1, J. Kodet 1, U. Hessels 2, C. Bürkel 2 1 Technische Universität München, GO- Wettzell 2 Bundesamt für Kartographie

More information

A MODERN MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT USING ACTIVELY ROTATED OPTICAL RESONATORS

A MODERN MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT USING ACTIVELY ROTATED OPTICAL RESONATORS A MODERN MICHELSON-MORLEY EXPERIMENT USING ACTIVELY ROTATED OPTICAL RESONATORS S. HERRMANN, A. SENGER, K. MÖHLE, E. V. KOVALCHUK, A. PETERS Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Hausvogteiplatz

More information

Cold atom gyroscope with 1 nrad.s -1 rotation stability

Cold atom gyroscope with 1 nrad.s -1 rotation stability Cold atom gyroscope with 1 nrad.s -1 rotation stability D. Savoie, I. Dutta, B. Fang, B. Venon, N. Miélec, R. Sapam, C. Garrido Alzar, R. Geiger and A. Landragin LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris IACI team

More information

Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) A-Φ Proposers Day

Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) A-Φ Proposers Day Atomic-Photonic Integration (A-PhI) A-Φ Proposers Day Dr. John Burke Microsystems Technology Office (MTO) 1 August 2018 1 What is A-PhI? Atomic physics allows for accurate and sensitive measurements. Supporting

More information

Gauss Modes. Paul Fulda

Gauss Modes. Paul Fulda Interferometry Interferometry with with LaguerreLaguerreGauss Gauss Modes Modes Paul Paul Fulda Fulda University University of of Birmingham Birmingham E.T. E.T. WP3 WP3 Meeting Meeting -- -- 09/06/2009

More information

LISA Technology: A Status Report

LISA Technology: A Status Report LISA Technology: A Status Report Guido Mueller University of Florida Minnesota 2010 1 Content LISA Concept Gravitational Reference Sensor Interferometry Measurement System Status/Outlook 2 LISA Concept

More information

Probing P & T-violation Beyond the Standard Model. Aaron E. Leanhardt

Probing P & T-violation Beyond the Standard Model. Aaron E. Leanhardt An Electron EDM Search in HfF + : Probing P & T-violation Beyond the Standard Model Aaron E. Leanhardt Experiment: Laura Sinclair, Russell Stutz & Eric Cornell Theory: Ed Meyer & John Bohn JILA, NIST,

More information

Fundamental Physics in Space S. Vitale, University of Trento ESO-Garching S. Vitale 1

Fundamental Physics in Space S. Vitale, University of Trento ESO-Garching S. Vitale 1 Fundamental Physics in Space S. Vitale, University of Trento Vitale@science.unitn.it ESO-Garching-15-09-03 S. Vitale 1 Using Space to Investigate Fundamental Laws of Physics: Quantum measurements, entanglement,

More information

Pioneer anomaly: Implications for LISA?

Pioneer anomaly: Implications for LISA? Pioneer anomaly: Implications for LISA? Denis Defrère Astrophysics and Geophysics Institute of Liege (Belgium) Andreas Rathke EADS Astrium GmbH Friedrichshafen (Germany) ISSI Meeting - Bern November 10th

More information

Nuclear spin maser with a novel masing mechanism and its application to the search for an atomic EDM in 129 Xe

Nuclear spin maser with a novel masing mechanism and its application to the search for an atomic EDM in 129 Xe Nuclear spin maser with a novel masing mechanism and its application to the search for an atomic EDM in 129 Xe A. Yoshimi RIKEN K. Asahi, S. Emori, M. Tsukui, RIKEN, Tokyo Institute of Technology Nuclear

More information

Determining α from Helium Fine Structure

Determining α from Helium Fine Structure Determining α from Helium Fine Structure How to Measure Helium Energy Levels REALLY Well Lepton Moments 2006 June 18, 2006 Daniel Farkas and Gerald Gabrielse Harvard University Physics Dept Funding provided

More information

Atom interferometry. Quantum metrology and fundamental constants. Laboratoire de physique des lasers, CNRS-Université Paris Nord

Atom interferometry. Quantum metrology and fundamental constants. Laboratoire de physique des lasers, CNRS-Université Paris Nord Diffraction Interferometry Conclusion Laboratoire de physique des lasers, CNRS-Université Paris Nord Quantum metrology and fundamental constants Diffraction Interferometry Conclusion Introduction Why using

More information

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON PHYS6012W1 SEMESTER 1 EXAMINATION 2012/13 Coherent Light, Coherent Matter Duration: 120 MINS Answer all questions in Section A and only two questions in Section B. Section A carries

More information

Inertial Frame frame-dragging

Inertial Frame frame-dragging Frame Dragging Frame Dragging An Inertial Frame is a frame that is not accelerating (in the sense of proper acceleration that would be detected by an accelerometer). In Einstein s theory of General Relativity

More information

Quantum Mechanical Noises in Gravitational Wave Detectors

Quantum Mechanical Noises in Gravitational Wave Detectors Quantum Mechanical Noises in Gravitational Wave Detectors Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Germany Introduction Test masses in GW interferometers are Macroscopic

More information

File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Notes and Supplementary References

File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Notes and Supplementary References File name: Supplementary Information Description: Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Notes and Supplementary References File name: Peer Review File Description: Optical frequency (THz) 05. 0 05. 5 05.7

More information

Shau-Yu Lan 藍劭宇. University of California, Berkeley Department of Physics

Shau-Yu Lan 藍劭宇. University of California, Berkeley Department of Physics Atom Interferometry Experiments for Precision Measurement of Fundamental Physics Shau-Yu Lan 藍劭宇 University of California, Berkeley Department of Physics Contents Principle of Light-Pulse Atom Interferometer

More information

Relativistic Aspects of the Centripetal Force M. Conte

Relativistic Aspects of the Centripetal Force M. Conte ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE Sezione di Genova INFN-17-11/GE 29 th May 2017 Relativistic Aspects of the Centripetal Force M. Conte Dipartimento di Fisica dell'università di Genova and INFN-Sezione

More information

OPTI510R: Photonics. Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona Meinel building R.626

OPTI510R: Photonics. Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona Meinel building R.626 OPTI510R: Photonics Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona kkieu@optics.arizona.edu Meinel building R.626 Important announcements Homework #1 is due. Homework #2 is assigned, due

More information

Simple Atom, Extreme Nucleus: Laser Trapping and Probing of He-8. Zheng-Tian Lu Argonne National Laboratory University of Chicago

Simple Atom, Extreme Nucleus: Laser Trapping and Probing of He-8. Zheng-Tian Lu Argonne National Laboratory University of Chicago Simple Atom, Extreme Nucleus: Laser Trapping and Probing of He-8 Zheng-Tian Lu Argonne National Laboratory University of Chicago Funding: DOE, Office of Nuclear Physics Helium Atom fm Å e - Ionization

More information

Squeezed Light Techniques for Gravitational Wave Detection

Squeezed Light Techniques for Gravitational Wave Detection Squeezed Light Techniques for Gravitational Wave Detection July 6, 2012 Daniel Sigg LIGO Hanford Observatory Seminar at TIFR, Mumbai, India G1200688-v1 Squeezed Light Interferometry 1 Abstract Several

More information

General Relativity: Einstein s Theory of Gravitation. Arien Crellin-Quick and Tony Miller SPRING 2009 PHYS43, SRJC

General Relativity: Einstein s Theory of Gravitation. Arien Crellin-Quick and Tony Miller SPRING 2009 PHYS43, SRJC General Relativity: Einstein s Theory of Gravitation Presented By Arien Crellin-Quick and Tony Miller SPRING 2009 PHYS43, SRJC The Motivations of General Relativity General Relativity, or GR, was created

More information

Frequency dependent squeezing for quantum noise reduction in second generation Gravitational Wave detectors. Eleonora Capocasa

Frequency dependent squeezing for quantum noise reduction in second generation Gravitational Wave detectors. Eleonora Capocasa Frequency dependent squeezing for quantum noise reduction in second generation Gravitational Wave detectors Eleonora Capocasa 10 novembre 2016 My thesis work is dived into two parts: Participation in the

More information

A New Precise Measurement of the Stark Shift in the 6P 1/2 ->7S 1/2 378 nm Transition in Thallium

A New Precise Measurement of the Stark Shift in the 6P 1/2 ->7S 1/2 378 nm Transition in Thallium A New Precise Measurement of the Stark Shift in the 6P 1/2 ->7S 1/2 378 nm Transition in Thallium Apker Award Finalist Talk September 4, 2002 S. Charles Doret Earlier work by Andrew Speck Williams 00,

More information

Advanced Virgo: Status and Perspectives. A.Chiummo on behalf of the VIRGO collaboration

Advanced Virgo: Status and Perspectives. A.Chiummo on behalf of the VIRGO collaboration Advanced Virgo: Status and Perspectives A.Chiummo on behalf of the VIRGO collaboration Advanced Virgo 2 Advanced Virgo What s that? 3 Advanced Virgo Advanced Virgo (AdV): upgrade of the Virgo interferometric

More information

Sensors: a) Gyroscope. Micro Electro-Mechanical (MEM) Gyroscopes: (MEM) Gyroscopes. Needs:

Sensors: a) Gyroscope. Micro Electro-Mechanical (MEM) Gyroscopes: (MEM) Gyroscopes. Needs: Sensors: Needs: Data redundancy Data for both situations: eclipse and sun Question of sampling frequency Location and size/weight Ability to resist to environment Low consumption Low price a) Gyroscope

More information

Electro optic sampling as a timing diagnostic at Pegasus lab

Electro optic sampling as a timing diagnostic at Pegasus lab Electro optic sampling as a timing diagnostic at Pegasus lab Cheyne M. Scoby Particle Beam Physics Lab, UCLA 13 January 2009 High Power High Brightness Workshop Los Angeles, CA Outline Motivation for EOS

More information

Angular Momentum L = I ω

Angular Momentum L = I ω Angular Momentum L = Iω If no NET external Torques act on a system then Angular Momentum is Conserved. Linitial = I ω = L final = Iω Angular Momentum L = Iω Angular Momentum L = I ω A Skater spins with

More information

Squeezed Light and Quantum Imaging with Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Atoms

Squeezed Light and Quantum Imaging with Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Atoms Squeezed Light and Quantum Imaging with Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Atoms Squeezed Light and Quantum Imaging with Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Atoms Alberto Marino Ulrich Vogl Jeremy Clark (U Maryland) Quentin

More information

The Zeeman Effect in Mercury Vapor and the Determination e/m by Fabry-Perot Interferometry

The Zeeman Effect in Mercury Vapor and the Determination e/m by Fabry-Perot Interferometry The Zeeman Effect in Mercury Vapor and the Determination e/m by Fabry-Perot Interferometry Edwin Ng MIT Department of Physics (Dated: March 17, 2012) We analyze the Zeeman fine structure of mercury vapor

More information

Development of a compact Yb optical lattice clock

Development of a compact Yb optical lattice clock Development of a compact Yb optical lattice clock A. A. Görlitz, C. Abou-Jaoudeh, C. Bruni, B. I. Ernsting, A. Nevsky, S. Schiller C. ESA Workshop on Optical Atomic Clocks D. Frascati, 14 th 16 th of October

More information

Hybrid Atom-Optical Interferometry for Gravitational Wave Detection and Geophysics

Hybrid Atom-Optical Interferometry for Gravitational Wave Detection and Geophysics Hybrid Atom-Optical Interferometry for Gravitational Wave Detection and Geophysics Remi Geiger, SYRTE for the MIGA consortium EGAS 46, July 3rd 2014, Lille, France http://syrte.obspm.fr/tfc/capteurs_inertiels

More information

INTERNATIONAL SLR SERVICE

INTERNATIONAL SLR SERVICE ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES, Vol. 46, No. 4 2011 DOI: 10.2478/v10018-012-0004-z INTERNATIONAL SLR SERVICE Stanisław Schillak Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences Astrogeodynamic Observatory, Borowiec

More information

I. Introduction. What s the problem? Standard quantum limit (SQL) for force detection. The right wrong story III. Beating the SQL.

I. Introduction. What s the problem? Standard quantum limit (SQL) for force detection. The right wrong story III. Beating the SQL. Quantum limits on estimating a waveform II. I. Introduction. What s the problem? Standard quantum limit (SQL) for force detection. The right wrong story III. Beating the SQL. Three strategies Carlton M.

More information

with Application to Autonomous Vehicles

with Application to Autonomous Vehicles Nonlinear with Application to Autonomous Vehicles (Ph.D. Candidate) C. Silvestre (Supervisor) P. Oliveira (Co-supervisor) Institute for s and Robotics Instituto Superior Técnico Portugal January 2010 Presentation

More information

Development of ground based laser interferometers for the detection of gravitational waves

Development of ground based laser interferometers for the detection of gravitational waves Development of ground based laser interferometers for the detection of gravitational waves Rahul Kumar ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 7 th March 2014 1 Outline 1. Gravitational waves, nature & their sources

More information

Optical Lattice Clock with Neutral Mercury

Optical Lattice Clock with Neutral Mercury Optical Lattice Clock with Neutral Mercury R. Tyumenev, Z. Xu, J.J. McFerran, Y. Le Coq and S. Bize SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris 61 avenue de l Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France rinat.tyumenev@obspm.fr

More information

Atom Interferometric Gravity Wave Detectors. Mark Kasevich Dept. of Physics and Applied Physics Stanford University, Stanford CA

Atom Interferometric Gravity Wave Detectors. Mark Kasevich Dept. of Physics and Applied Physics Stanford University, Stanford CA Atom Interferometric Gravity Wave Detectors Mark Kasevich Dept. of Physics and Applied Physics Stanford University, Stanford CA Outline Basic concepts Current instrumentation AGIS detectors Space-based/LEO

More information

Atom Quantum Sensors on ground and in space

Atom Quantum Sensors on ground and in space Atom Quantum Sensors on ground and in space Ernst M. Rasel AG Wolfgang Ertmer Quantum Sensors Division Institut für Quantenoptik Leibniz Universität Hannover IQ - Quantum Sensors Inertial Quantum Probes

More information

Advanced Workshop on Nanomechanics September Quantum Measurement in an Optomechanical System

Advanced Workshop on Nanomechanics September Quantum Measurement in an Optomechanical System 2445-03 Advanced Workshop on Nanomechanics 9-13 September 2013 Quantum Measurement in an Optomechanical System Tom Purdy JILA - NIST & University of Colorado U.S.A. Tom Purdy, JILA NIST & University it

More information

Low probability, large fluctuations of the noise in detectors of gravitational waves

Low probability, large fluctuations of the noise in detectors of gravitational waves European Research Council Low probability, large fluctuations of the noise in detectors of gravitational waves Nickname oftheproject: RareNoise Project Number: 202680 Principal Investigator: Livia Conti

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Systematic shift caused by trap asymmetry The major systematic correction in the reported cyclotron frequency ratio comparison of an antiproton at ν c, p and a negatively charged hydrogen ion (H ) at ν

More information

Angular Momentum L = I ω

Angular Momentum L = I ω Angular Momentum L = Iω If no NET external Torques act on a system then Angular Momentum is Conserved. Linitial = I ω = L final = Iω Angular Momentum L = Iω Angular Momentum L = I ω A Skater spins with

More information

LIGO s Thermal Noise Interferometer: Progress and Status

LIGO s Thermal Noise Interferometer: Progress and Status LIGO s Thermal Noise Interferometer: Progress and Status Eric Black LSC Meeting Review November 12, 2003 Ivan Grudinin, Akira Villar, Kenneth G. Libbrecht Thanks also to: Kyle Barbary, Adam Bushmaker,

More information

How to measure a distance of one thousandth of the proton diameter? The detection of gravitational waves

How to measure a distance of one thousandth of the proton diameter? The detection of gravitational waves How to measure a distance of one thousandth of the proton diameter? The detection of gravitational waves M. Tacca Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC) - Paris Journée GPhys - 2016 July 6th General

More information

Status of LIGO. David Shoemaker LISA Symposium 13 July 2004 LIGO-G M

Status of LIGO. David Shoemaker LISA Symposium 13 July 2004 LIGO-G M Status of LIGO David Shoemaker LISA Symposium 13 July 2004 Ground-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors Search for GWs above lower frequency limit imposed by gravity gradients» Might go as

More information

Observing the material universe

Observing the material universe Observing the material universe Using the see-and-avoid technique of visual flight regulations a Star Trek pilot would collide on the Ocean crust (direct detection). Slide 1 Some of the current hottest

More information

Dr. Jean Lautier-Gaud October, 14 th 2016

Dr. Jean Lautier-Gaud October, 14 th 2016 New generation of operational atomic clock: what perspectives for radio-astronomy & VLBI? Dr. Jean Lautier-Gaud October, 14 th 2016 Courtesy of Noel Dimarcq, SYRTE Content 1. Why is Muquans here? 2. What

More information