Lecture Sound Waves EM Waves. Physics Help Q&A: tutor.leiacademy.org. The Doppler Effect 11/11/2014
|
|
- Alban Bates
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lecture 1102 Sound Waves EM Waves Physics Help Q&A: tutor.leiacademy.org The Doppler Effect The Doppler effect (or Doppler shift) is the change in frequency (or wavelength) of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source. It is commonly heard when a vehicle sounding a siren or horn approaches, passes, and recedes from an observer. Compared to the emitted frequency, the received frequency is higher during the approach, identical at the instant of passing by, and lower during the recession. When the source of the waves is moving toward the observer, each wave takes slightly less time to reach the observer than the previous wave, causing an increase in the frequency. If the source of waves is moving away from the observer, each wave is emitted from a position farther from the observer than the previous wave, so the arrival time between successive waves is increased, reducing the frequency. 1
2 Doppler Effect, Observer Moving The observer moves with a speed of v o. Assume a point source that remains stationary relative to the air. It is convenient to represent the waves as wave fronts. These surfaces are called wave fronts. The distance between adjacent wave fronts is the wavelength. Doppler Effect, Observer Moving The speed of the sound is, the frequency is, and the wavelength is. = / If the observer is moving towards the source, the time for the adjacent wave crest to pass the moving observer is The frequency heard by the observer,, is. = 1 = + = /( + ) = + = + 1 If the observer is moving away from the source, the time for the adjacent wave crest to pass the moving observer is = /( ) = + = 1 = = = 1 = 2
3 Doppler Effect, Source Moving Consider the source being in motion while the observer is at rest. As the source moves toward the observer, the wavelength appears shorter. = = / As the source moves away, the wavelength appears longer. = + = + / Doppler Effect, Source Moving The speed of wave is constant. Therefore, = = When the source is moving toward the observer: = / = / = = = = = When the source is moving away from the observer: = + = + = + = = + 3
4 Doppler Effect, General Combining the motions of the observer and the source = + The signs of the velocity depend on the relative direction of the velocity. A positive value is used for motion of the observer or the source toward the other. A negative sign is used for motion of one away from the other. Doppler Effect, final Convenient rule for signs. The word toward is associated with an increase in the observed frequency. The words away from are associated with a decrease in the observed frequency. The Doppler effect is common to all waves. The Doppler effect does not depend on distance. 4
5 Doppler Effect, Submarine Example Two submarines are traveling directly toward each other. Sub A (source) travels at 8.00 m/s emitting at a frequency of 1400 Hz. The speed of sound in the water is 1533 m/s. Sub B (observer) travels at 9.00 m/s. 1. What is the apparent frequency heard by the observer as the subs approach each other? Then as they recede from each other? 2. The subs barely miss each other and pass. What frequency is detected by an observer riding on sub B as the subs recede from each other? Doppler Effect, Submarine Example Approaching each other: ( ) ( ) v + v 1533 m s m s o ƒ' = ƒ = (1400 Hz) v v s 1533 m s 8.00 m s + = 1416Hz Receding from each other: ( ) ( ) v + v 1533 m s m s o ƒ' = ƒ = (1400 Hz) v v s 1533 m s 8.00 m s = 1385Hz 5
6 Shock Waves and Mach Number The speed of the source can exceed the speed of the wave (not with EM waves such as light). The envelope of these wave fronts is a cone whose apex half-angle is called the Mach angle. The ratio / is referred to as the Mach number. The relationship between the Mach angle and the Mach number is = = Shock Wave The conical wave front produced when > is known as a shock wave. The shock wave carries a great deal of energy concentrated on the surface of the cone, with correspondingly great pressure variations. Such shock waves are unpleasant to hear and can cause damage to buildings when aircraft fly supersonically at low altitudes. Jet airplanes traveling at supersonic speeds produce shock waves, which are responsible for the loud sonic boom one hears. 6
7 Electromagnetic Waves Mechanical waves require the presence of a medium (vacuum). Electromagnetic waves can propagate through empty space. Maxwell s equations form the theoretical basis of all electromagnetic waves that propagate through space at the speed of light. Hertz confirmed Maxwell s prediction when he generated and detected electromagnetic waves in Electromagnetic waves are generated by oscillating electric charges. The waves radiated from the oscillating charges can be detected at great distances. Electromagnetic waves carry energy and momentum. Electromagnetic waves cover many frequencies. Ampère s Law and Induction Ampère s Law considers the magnetic fields created by currents: = Maxwell modified the equation to include time-varying electric fields. The idea is that changing E-field (flux) will also induce/create B-field just like changing B- field (flux) induces E-field. = Φ = Φ Displacement Current = + Φ 7
8 Ampère -Maxwell Law B-fields can be created by both a current and a changing electric flux: Φ = + = = Φ = Φ = = Φ = 1 = 1 Displacement Current = Φ Maxwell s Equations Maxwell s Equations provide the basis of all electrical and magnetic phenomena: = Gauss s Law = 0 Gauss s Law = Φ = + Φ Faraday s Law Ampère -Maxwell Law = + Lorentz Force Law 8
9 Maxwell s Equation 1 Gauss Law The total electric flux through any closed surface equals the net charge inside that surface divided by = This relates an electric field to the charge distribution that creates it. Maxwell s Equation 2 Gauss Law in Magnetism The net magnetic flux through a closed surface is zero. = 0 The number of magnetic field lines that enter a closed volume must equal the number that leave that volume. That is, we haven t found any magnetic monopoles. 9
10 Maxwell s Equation 3 Faraday s Law of Induction Describes the creation of an electric field by a time-varying magnetic field. The emf, which is the line integral of the electric field around any closed path, equals the rate of change of the magnetic flux through any surface bounded by that path. = Φ One example is that we can place a conducting loop in a time-varying magnetic field, and a current will be induced in the loop. Maxwell s Equation 4 Ampère-Maxwell Law Describes the creation of a magnetic field by a changing electric field and by electric current. The line integral of the magnetic field around any closed path is the sum of times the net current through that path and times the rate of change of electric flux through any surface bounded by that path. = + Φ 10
11 Lorentz Force Law Once the electric and magnetic fields are known at some point in space, the force acting on a particle of charge q can be found. = + Maxwell s equations with the Lorentz Force Law completely describe all classical electromagnetic interactions. Maxwell s Equations and Light In empty space, q = 0 and I = 0 = = 0 = 0 = Φ = Φ The last two equations can be solved to show that the speed at which electromagnetic waves travel is the speed of light. This result led Maxwell to predict that light waves were a form of electromagnetic radiation. Hertz performed experiments that verified Maxwell s prediction. 11
12 Hertz s Experiment (Heinrich Rudolf Hertz) An induction coil is connected to a transmitter. The transmitter consists of two spherical electrodes separated by a narrow gap. The coil provides short voltage surges to the electrodes. As the air in the gap is ionized, it becomes a better conductor. The discharge between the electrodes exhibits an oscillatory behavior at a very high frequency, equivalent to an LC circuit. A receiver loop was placed several meters away. Sparks were induced across the gap of the receiving electrodes when the frequency of the receiver was adjusted to match that of the transmitter. In this way, Hertz demonstrated that the oscillating current induced in the receiver was produced by electromagnetic waves radiated by the transmitter. Hertz s Experiment, cont. In a series of other experiments, Hertz also showed that the radiation generated by this equipment exhibited wave properties. Interference, diffraction, reflection, refraction and polarization He also measured the speed of the radiation. It was close to the known value of the speed of light. 12
13 Plane Electromagnetic Waves Assume an electromagnetic wave travels in the x direction. The configurations of and are shown in the diagram. The x-direction is the direction of propagation. The electric field is assumed to be in the y direction and the magnetic field in the z direction. Waves in which the electric and magnetic fields are restricted to being parallel to a pair of perpendicular axes are said to be linearly polarized waves. We also assume that at any point in space, the magnitudes E and B of the fields depend upon x and t only. 13
14 Rays A ray is a line along which the wave travels. All the rays for the type of linearly polarized waves that have been discussed are parallel. The collection of waves is called a plane wave. A surface connecting points of equal phase on all waves, called the wave front, is a geometric plane. A spherical wave creates a wave front as a spherical surface connecting points of radiation sends waves out radially in all directions. 14
15 Properties of EM Waves The solutions of Maxwell s third and fourth equations are wave-like, with both E and B satisfying a wave equation. = Φ = Φ Properties of EM Waves Faraday s Law Equation: = Φ = = 15
16 Properties of EM Waves Ampère -Maxwell Law Equation: = Φ = Recall = = = = Properties of em Waves Therese satisfy a wave equation: = = = cos( ) = cos( ) = = 1 Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light: = = 1 Substituting the values for and gives c = x 10 8 m/s 16
17 Properties of em Waves The components of the electric and magnetic fields of plane electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction of propagation. This can be summarized by saying that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. The figure represents a sinusoidal em wave moving in the x direction with a speed c. Properties of em Waves The magnitudes of the electric and magnetic fields in empty space are related: = = cos( ) = cos( ) = = 1 = = = = = = 17
Maxwell s equations and EM waves. From previous Lecture Time dependent fields and Faraday s Law
Maxwell s equations and EM waves This Lecture More on Motional EMF and Faraday s law Displacement currents Maxwell s equations EM Waves From previous Lecture Time dependent fields and Faraday s Law 1 Radar
More informationε induced Review: Self-inductance 20.7 RL Circuits Review: Self-inductance B induced Announcements
Announcements WebAssign HW Set 7 due this Friday Problems cover material from Chapters 20 and 21 We re skipping Sections 21.1-21.7 (alternating current circuits) Review: Self-inductance induced ε induced
More informationPHYS 1444 Section 004 Lecture #22
PHYS 1444 Section 004 Lecture #22 Monday, April 23, 2012 Dr. Extension of Ampere s Law Gauss Law of Magnetism Maxwell s Equations Production of Electromagnetic Waves Today s homework is #13, due 10pm,
More informationElectromagnetic Induction Faraday s Law Lenz s Law Self-Inductance RL Circuits Energy in a Magnetic Field Mutual Inductance
Lesson 7 Electromagnetic Induction Faraday s Law Lenz s Law Self-Inductance RL Circuits Energy in a Magnetic Field Mutual Inductance Oscillations in an LC Circuit The RLC Circuit Alternating Current Electromagnetic
More informationSoundWaves. Lecture (2) Special topics Dr.khitam Y, Elwasife
SoundWaves Lecture (2) Special topics Dr.khitam Y, Elwasife VGTU EF ESK stanislovas.staras@el.vgtu.lt 2 Mode Shapes and Boundary Conditions, VGTU EF ESK stanislovas.staras@el.vgtu.lt ELEKTRONIKOS ĮTAISAI
More informationSound Waves. Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium Sound waves are produced from vibrating objects.
Sound Waves Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium Sound waves are produced from vibrating objects Introduction Sound Waves: Molecular View When sound travels through a medium, there
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2130)
General Physics (PHY 2130) Lecture XII Sound sound waves Doppler effect Standing waves Light Reflection and refraction http://www.physics.wayne.edu/~apetrov/phy2130/ Lightning Review Last lecture: 1. Vibration
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2130)
General Physics (PHY 2130) Lecture XII Sound sound waves Doppler effect Standing waves Light Reflection and refraction Lightning Review Last lecture: 1. Vibration and waves Hooke s law Potential energy
More informationThe Doppler effect. Explanation. The Doppler-shifted frequency:
(I) The Doppler effect The Doppler Effect is a phenomenon observed whenever the source of waves is moving with respect to an observer. The Doppler effect can be described as the effect produced by a moving
More informationElectromagnetic Waves
Chapter 32 Electromagnetic Waves PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Thirteenth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by Wayne Anderson Goals for Chapter 32 To learn why a light
More information2426 Required Topics (May 4, 2012 draft) Halliday, FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS, 9e Required topics are in bold text. Optional topics are in normal text.
2426 Required Topics (May 4, 2012 draft) Halliday, FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS, 9e Required topics are in bold text. Optional topics are in normal text. Chapter 21 Electric Charge 21-1 What Is Physics? 21-2
More informationWaves Review Checklist Pulses 5.1.1A Explain the relationship between the period of a pendulum and the factors involved in building one
5.1.1 Oscillating Systems Waves Review Checklist 5.1.2 Pulses 5.1.1A Explain the relationship between the period of a pendulum and the factors involved in building one Four pendulums are built as shown
More informationDoppler Effect and Sonic
Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms Bởi: OpenStaxCollege The characteristic sound of a motorcycle buzzing by is an example of the Doppler effect. The high-pitch scream shifts dramatically to a lower-pitch roar
More informationChapter 31 Maxwell s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 31 Maxwell s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves Units of Chapter 31 Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Ampère s Law and Displacement Current Gauss s Law for Magnetism Maxwell s
More informationProducing a Sound Wave. Chapter 14. Using a Tuning Fork to Produce a Sound Wave. Using a Tuning Fork, cont.
Producing a Sound Wave Chapter 14 Sound Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium A tuning fork can be used as an example of producing a sound wave Using a Tuning Fork to Produce a
More informationLECTURE 8 DOPPLER EFFECT AND SHOCK WAVES
LECTURE 8 DOPPLER EFFECT AND SHOCK WAVES 15.7 The Doppler effect Sound waves from a moving source A stationary source and a moving observer The Doppler effect for light waves Frequency shift on reflection
More informationElectromagnetic Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation Producing EMR All EMR is produced by accelerating charges Consists of changing electric and magnetic fields Speed of all EMR in vacuum is 3.00 x 10 8 m/s EMR is made up electric
More informationChapter 31 Maxwell s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 31 Maxwell s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves Units of Chapter 31 Changing Electric Fields Produce Magnetic Fields; Ampère s Law and Displacement Current Gauss s Law for Magnetism Maxwell s
More informationDoppler E ect Bow and Shock Waves
Doppler E ect Bow and Shock Waves Lana Sheridan De Anza College May 30, 2018 Last time nonsinusoidal waves intensity of a wave sound level Overview sound level & perception of sound with frequency the
More informationINTRODUCTION ELECTRODYNAMICS BEFORE MAXWELL MAXWELL S DISPLACEMENT CURRENT. Introduction Z B S. E l = Electrodynamics before Maxwell
Chapter 14 MAXWELL S EQUATONS ntroduction Electrodynamics before Maxwell Maxwell s displacement current Maxwell s equations: General Maxwell s equations in vacuum The mathematics of waves Summary NTRODUCTON
More informationAnnouncements Self-inductance. Self-inductance. RL Circuit. RL Circuit, cont 3/11/2011. Chapter (not.9-.10) τ = R. Electromagnetic Waves
Chapter 21.8-13(not.9-.10) Electromagnetic Announcements Clicker quizzes NO LONGER GRADED! WebAssign HW Set 8 due this Friday Problems cover material from Chapters 21-22 Office hours: My office hours today
More informationElectromagnetic Waves
Lecture 20 Chapter 34 Physics II Electromagnetic Waves Course website: http://faculty.uml.edu/andriy_danylov/teaching/physicsii Let s finish climbing our EM mountain. Maxwell s equations Let s revisit
More informationSliding Conducting Bar
Motional emf, final For equilibrium, qe = qvb or E = vb A potential difference is maintained between the ends of the conductor as long as the conductor continues to move through the uniform magnetic field
More information17.5 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms *
OpenStax-CNX module: m52445 1 17.5 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms * Bobby Bailey Based on Doppler Eect and Sonic Booms by OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative
More informationChapter Three: Propagation of light waves
Chapter Three Propagation of Light Waves CHAPTER OUTLINE 3.1 Maxwell s Equations 3.2 Physical Significance of Maxwell s Equations 3.3 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves 3.4 Constitutive Relations 3.5
More information12.3 The Doppler Effect
12.3 The Doppler Effect Doppler Effect Fire engine doppler effect video Car doppler effect video Doppler Effect The pitch (frequency) of the horn of a passing car changes from high to low. This is due
More informationCLASS 2 CLASS 2. Section 13.5
CLASS 2 CLASS 2 Section 13.5 Simple Pendulum The simple pendulum is another example of a system that exhibits simple harmonic motion The force is the component of the weight tangent to the path of motion
More informationDiscipline Course-I Semester-II
Maxwell's equation: "Introduction of Displacement Current" Discipline Course-I Semester-II Paper No: Electricity and Magnetism Lesson: Maxwell's equation: "Introduction of Displacement Current" Lesson
More informationChapter 34. Electromagnetic Waves
Chapter 34 Electromagnetic Waves The Goal of the Entire Course Maxwell s Equations: Maxwell s Equations James Clerk Maxwell 1831 1879 Scottish theoretical physicist Developed the electromagnetic theory
More informationNicholas J. Giordano. Chapter 13 Sound
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 13 Sound Sound Sounds waves are an important example of wave motion Sound is central to hearing, speech, music and many other daily activities
More informationPage # Physics 103: Lecture 26 Sound. Lecture 26, Preflight 2. Lecture 26, Preflight 1. Producing a Sound Wave. Sound from a Tuning Fork
Physics 103: Lecture 6 Sound Producing a Sound Wave Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium A tuning fork can be used as an example of producing a sound wave A tuning fork will produce
More informationMichael Faraday. Chapter 31. EMF Produced by a Changing Magnetic Field, 1. Induction. Faraday s Law
Michael Faraday Chapter 31 Faraday s Law Great experimental physicist and chemist 1791 1867 Contributions to early electricity include: Invention of motor, generator, and transformer Electromagnetic induction
More informationElectromagnetic Waves
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 23 Electromagnetic Waves Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College Electromagnetic Theory Theoretical understanding of electricity and magnetism
More informationDescribe the forces and torques exerted on an electric dipole in a field.
Learning Outcomes - PHYS 2015 Electric charges and forces: Describe the electrical nature of matter; Explain how an object can be charged; Distinguish between electrical conductors and insulators and the
More informationAlong with C1 the magnetic field is also observed at location C 2 though no current is threading through this loop.
Displacement current British physicist James C. Maxwell gave final shape to all phenomenon connecting electricity and magnetism. He noticed an inconsistency in Ampere s Law connecting Electric current
More informationPhysics Mechanics. Lecture 34 Waves and sound II
1 Physics 170 - Mechanics Lecture 34 Waves and sound II 2 Sound Waves Sound waves are pressure waves in solids, liquids, and gases. They are longitudinal in liquids and gases, and may have transverse components
More informationTransformers. slide 1
Transformers an alternating emf V1 through the primary coil causes an oscillating magnetic flux through the secondary coil and, hence, an induced emf V2. The induced emf of the secondary coil is delivered
More informationLecture 38: FRI 24 APR Ch.33 Electromagnetic Waves
Physics 2113 Jonathan Dowling Heinrich Hertz (1857 1894) Lecture 38: FRI 24 APR Ch.33 Electromagnetic Waves Maxwell Equations in Empty Space: E da = 0 S B da = 0 S C C B ds = µ ε 0 0 E ds = d dt d dt S
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 12 Electricity and Magnetism 1. AC circuits and EM waves The Electromagnetic Spectrum The Doppler Effect 6/20/2007 Modern Physics 1. Relativity Galilean Relativity Speed
More informationELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
UNIT-III INTRODUCTION: In our study of static fields so far, we have observed that static electric fields are produced by electric charges, static magnetic fields are produced by charges in motion or by
More informationElectromagnetism and Light
Electromagnetism and Light Monday Properties of waves (sound and light) interference, diffraction [Hewitt 12] Tuesday Light waves, diffraction, refraction, Snell's Law. [Hewitt 13, 14] Wednesday Lenses,
More informationUNIT-III Maxwell's equations (Time varying fields)
UNIT-III Maxwell's equations (Time varying fields) Faraday s law, transformer emf &inconsistency of ampere s law Displacement current density Maxwell s equations in final form Maxwell s equations in word
More informationDoppler Effect and Sonic Booms *
OpenStax-CNX module: m42712 1 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 Abstract Dene Doppler eect,
More informationWaves Encountering Barriers
Waves Encountering Barriers Reflection and Refraction: When a wave is incident on a boundary that separates two regions of different wave speed, part of the wave is reflected and part is transmitted. Figure
More informationPhysics 201. Professor P. Q. Hung. 311B, Physics Building. Physics 201 p. 1/3
Physics 201 p. 1/3 Physics 201 Professor P. Q. Hung 311B, Physics Building Physics 201 p. 2/3 What are electromagnetic waves? Electromagnetic waves consist of electric fields and magnetic fields which
More informationCHAPTER 32: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
CHAPTER 32: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES For those of you who are interested, below are the differential, or point, form of the four Maxwell s equations we studied this semester. The version of Maxwell s equations
More informationIntroduction to Electromagnetism
Introduction to Electromagnetism Electric Field Lines If a charge feels an electrostatic force (Coulombic Force), it is said to be in an electric field. We like to represent electric fields with lines.
More informationMaxwell s equations. Kyoto. James Clerk Maxwell. Physics 122. James Clerk Maxwell ( ) Unification of electrical and magnetic interactions
Maxwell s equations Physics /5/ Lecture XXIV Kyoto /5/ Lecture XXIV James Clerk Maxwell James Clerk Maxwell (83 879) Unification of electrical and magnetic interactions /5/ Lecture XXIV 3 Φ = da = Q ε
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 16 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT Pearson Education, Inc.
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 16 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 16 Traveling Waves IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn the basic properties
More informationElectromagnetic Field Theory (EMT) Lecture # 25
Electromagnetic Field Theory (EMT) Lecture # 25 1) Transformer and Motional EMFs 2) Displacement Current 3) Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Waves & Applications Time Varying Fields Until now, we have
More informationTransverse wave - the disturbance is perpendicular to the propagation direction (e.g., wave on a string)
1 Part 5: Waves 5.1: Harmonic Waves Wave a disturbance in a medium that propagates Transverse wave - the disturbance is perpendicular to the propagation direction (e.g., wave on a string) Longitudinal
More informationMagnetic Induction Faraday, Lenz, Mutual & Self Inductance Maxwell s Eqns, E-M waves. Reading Journals for Tuesday from table(s)
PHYS 2015 -- Week 12 Magnetic Induction Faraday, Lenz, Mutual & Self Inductance Maxwell s Eqns, E-M waves Reading Journals for Tuesday from table(s) WebAssign due Friday night For exclusive use in PHYS
More informationLecture 14 1/38 Phys 220. Final Exam. Wednesday, August 6 th 10:30 am 12:30 pm Phys multiple choice problems (15 points each 300 total)
Lecture 14 1/38 Phys 220 Final Exam Wednesday, August 6 th 10:30 am 12:30 pm Phys 114 20 multiple choice problems (15 points each 300 total) 75% will be from Chapters 10-16 25% from Chapters 1-9 Students
More informationElectromagnetic Field Theory Chapter 9: Time-varying EM Fields
Electromagnetic Field Theory Chapter 9: Time-varying EM Fields Faraday s law of induction We have learned that a constant current induces magnetic field and a constant charge (or a voltage) makes an electric
More informationOscillations - AP Physics B 1984
Oscillations - AP Physics B 1984 1. If the mass of a simple pendulum is doubled but its length remains constant, its period is multiplied by a factor of (A) 1 2 (B) (C) 1 1 2 (D) 2 (E) 2 A block oscillates
More informationWave Motion and Sound
Wave Motion and Sound 1. A back and forth motion that repeats itself is a a. Spring b. Vibration c. Wave d. Pulse 2. The number of vibrations that occur in 1 second is called a. A Period b. Frequency c.
More informationAC Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves
AC Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves Physics 102 Lecture 5 7 March 2002 MIDTERM Wednesday, March 13, 7:30-9:00 pm, this room Material: through next week AC circuits Next week: no lecture, no labs, no
More informationPHYS 1444 Section 003 Lecture #23
PHYS 1444 Section 3 Lecture #3 Monday, Nov. 8, 5 EM Waves from Maxwell s Equations Speed of EM Waves Light as EM Wave Electromagnetic Spectrum Energy in EM Waves Energy Transport The epilogue Today s homework
More informationCOLLEGE PHYSICS Chapter 23 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION, AC CIRCUITS, AND ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGIES
COLLEGE PHYSICS Chapter 23 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION, AC CIRCUITS, AND ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGIES Induced emf: Faraday s Law and Lenz s Law We observe that, when a magnet is moved near a conducting loop,
More informationChapter 31. Faraday s Law
Chapter 31 Faraday s Law 1 Ampere s law Magnetic field is produced by time variation of electric field dφ B ( I I ) E d s = µ o + d = µ o I+ µ oεo ds E B 2 Induction A loop of wire is connected to a sensitive
More informationPH 222-2C Fall Electromagnetic Waves Lectures Chapter 33 (Halliday/Resnick/Walker, Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition)
PH 222-2C Fall 2012 Electromagnetic Waves Lectures 21-22 Chapter 33 (Halliday/Resnick/Walker, Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition) 1 Chapter 33 Electromagnetic Waves Today s information age is based almost
More informationChapter 31. Faraday s Law
Chapter 31 Faraday s Law 1 Ampere s law Magnetic field is produced by time variation of electric field B s II I d d μ o d μo με o o E ds E B Induction A loop of wire is connected to a sensitive ammeter
More informationDon t Copy This. Michael Faraday 3/1/13. Chapter 25: EM Induction and EM Waves. Key Terms:
3/1/13 Chapter 25: EM Induction and EM Waves Key Terms: Induced Induced emf current Flux Lenz s Law waves Photons EM Don t Copy This Last chapter we learned that a current can create a magnetic field.
More informationCorso di Laurea in Fisica - UNITS ISTITUZIONI DI FISICA PER IL SISTEMA TERRA. Wave propagation FABIO ROMANELLI
Corso di Laurea in Fisica - UNITS ISTITUZIONI DI FISICA PER IL SISTEMA TERRA Wave propagation FABIO ROMANELLI Department of Mathematics & Geosciences University of Trieste romanel@units.it http://moodle2.units.it/course/view.php?id=887
More informationUnit-1 Electrostatics-1
1. Describe about Co-ordinate Systems. Co-ordinate Systems Unit-1 Electrostatics-1 In order to describe the spatial variations of the quantities, we require using appropriate coordinate system. A point
More informationChapter 33: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 559
Chapter 33: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 1 Select the correct statement: A ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than infrared B blue light has a higher frequency than x rays C radio waves have higher frequency
More informationChapter 5 Light and Matter
Chapter 5 Light and Matter Stars and galaxies are too far for us to send a spacecraft or to visit (in our lifetimes). All we can receive from them is light But there is much we can learn (composition,
More informationSUGGESTED LESSON PLANS FOR PHY 097 SEMESTER NOV10 Text Book : PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS WITH MODERN PHYSICS BY GIANCOLI, FOURTH EDITION
SUGGESTED LESSON PLANS FOR PHY 097 SEMESTER NOV0 Text Book : PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS WITH MODERN PHYSICS BY GIANCOLI, FOURTH EDITION Week Topics Section Page Hrs Sub-Topics WAVES AND OPTICS,.0
More informationELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES WHAT IS LIGHT?
VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE MODULE 7 NATURE OF LIGHT ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES WHAT IS LIGHT? James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879), was a Scottish mathematician and theoretical physicist. He had an unquenchable curiosity
More informationVågrörelselära och optik
Vågrörelselära och optik Harmonic oscillation: Experiment Experiment to find a mathematical description of harmonic oscillation Kapitel 14 Harmonisk oscillator 1 2 Harmonic oscillation: Experiment Harmonic
More informationEnergy - the ability to do work or cause change. 1 point
Energy and Waves Energy - the ability to do work or cause change Work - the transfer of energy Work = Force X Distance Power - the rate at which work is done Power = Work Time Kinetic Energy - the energy
More informationChapter 22. Induction
Chapter 22 Induction Induced emf A current can be produced by a changing magnetic field First shown in an experiment by Michael Faraday A primary coil is connected to a battery A secondary coil is connected
More informationUnit 4 Parent Guide: Waves. What is a wave?
Unit 4 Parent Guide: Waves What is a wave? A wave is a disturbance or vibration that carries energy from one location to another. Some waves require a medium to transmit the energy whereas others can travel
More informationLecture Sound Waves Review. Physics Help Q&A: tutor.leiacademy.org. Force on a Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field
Lecture 1101 Sound Waves Review Physics Help Q&A: tutor.leiacademy.org Force on a Charge Moving in a Magnetic Field A charge moving in a magnetic field can have a magnetic force exerted by the B-field.
More information1 Maxwell s Equations
PHYS 280 Lecture problems outline Spring 2015 Electricity and Magnetism We previously hinted a links between electricity and magnetism, finding that one can induce electric fields by changing the flux
More informationMCQs E M WAVES. Physics Without Fear.
MCQs E M WAVES Physics Without Fear Electromagnetic Waves At A Glance Ampere s law B. dl = μ 0 I relates magnetic fields due to current sources. Maxwell argued that this law is incomplete as it does not
More informationLC circuit: Energy stored. This lecture reviews some but not all of the material that will be on the final exam that covers in Chapters
Disclaimer: Chapter 29 Alternating-Current Circuits (1) This lecture reviews some but not all of the material that will be on the final exam that covers in Chapters 29-33. LC circuit: Energy stored LC
More informationLecture 13.2 :! Inductors
Lecture 13.2 :! Inductors Lecture Outline:! Induced Fields! Inductors! LC Circuits! LR Circuits!! Textbook Reading:! Ch. 33.6-33.10 April 9, 2015 1 Announcements! HW #10 due on Tuesday, April 14, at 9am.!
More informationLecture 35. PHYC 161 Fall 2016
Lecture 35 PHYC 161 Fall 2016 Induced electric fields A long, thin solenoid is encircled by a circular conducting loop. Electric field in the loop is what must drive the current. When the solenoid current
More information本教材僅供教學使用, 勿做其他用途, 以維護智慧財產權
本教材內容主要取自課本 Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics 7th Edition. Jewett & Serway. 注意 本教材僅供教學使用, 勿做其他用途, 以維護智慧財產權 教材網址 : https://sites.google.com/site/ndhugp1 1 Chapter 17 Sound Waves Human
More informationPhysics For Scientists and Engineers A Strategic Approach 3 rd Edition, AP Edition, 2013 Knight
For Scientists and Engineers A Strategic Approach 3 rd Edition, AP Edition, 2013 Knight To the Advanced Placement Topics for C *Advanced Placement, Advanced Placement Program, AP, and Pre-AP are registered
More informationPhysics 2c Lecture 16
Physics 2c Lecture 16 Standing Waves Recap of last time The Doppler Effect Waves with moving sources or/and observers Shock waves Standing waves = waves that fit boundary conditions for reflection on both
More informationLecture Sonic Boom.notebook February 08, 2013
A plane flying at sub sonic speed (below the speed of sound), emits sound waves that can be represented like this: Doppler Effect: What would the sound waves look like as the plane approached the speed
More informationLecture 33. PHYC 161 Fall 2016
Lecture 33 PHYC 161 Fall 2016 Faraday s law of induction When the magnetic flux through a single closed loop changes with time, there is an induced emf that can drive a current around the loop: Recall
More informationPhysics 231 Lecture 25
Physics 231 Lecture 25 Spherical waves P Main points of today s I = lecture: 2 4πr Wave Dopper speed shift for a string v + v o ƒ' = ƒ F v = v vs µ Interference of sound waves L Here F is the string tension
More informationElectromagnetic Induction and Waves (Chapters 33-34)
Electromagnetic nduction and Waves (Chapters 33-34) The laws of emf induction: Faraday s and Lenz s laws Concepts of classical electromagnetism. Maxwell equations nductance Mutual inductance M Self inductance
More informationChapter 34. Electromagnetic Waves
Chapter 34 Electromagnetic Waves Waves If we wish to talk about electromagnetism or light we must first understand wave motion. If you drop a rock into the water small ripples are seen on the surface of
More informationPhysics Common Assessment Unit 5-8 3rd Nine Weeks
1) What is the direction of the force(s) that maintain(s) circular motion? A) one force pulls the object inward toward the radial center while another force pushes the object at a right angle to the first
More informationwe can said that matter can be regarded as composed of three kinds of elementary particles; proton, neutron (no charge), and electron.
Physics II we can said that matter can be regarded as composed of three kinds of elementary particles; proton, neutron (no charge), and electron. Particle Symbol Charge (e) Mass (kg) Proton P +1 1.67
More informationREVIEW SESSION. Midterm 2
REVIEW SESSION Midterm 2 Summary of Chapter 20 Magnets have north and south poles Like poles repel, unlike attract Unit of magnetic field: tesla Electric currents produce magnetic fields A magnetic field
More informationTop 40 Missed Regents Physics Questions Review
Top 40 Missed Regents Physics Questions - 2015 Review 1. Earth s mass is approximately 81 times the mass of the Moon. If Earth exerts a gravitational force of magnitude F on the Moon, the magnitude of
More informationElectromagnetic Induction
Chapter 29 Electromagnetic Induction PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, 14th Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by Jason Harlow Learning Goals for Chapter 29 Looking forward
More informationPart 4: Electromagnetism. 4.1: Induction. A. Faraday's Law. The magnetic flux through a loop of wire is
1 Part 4: Electromagnetism 4.1: Induction A. Faraday's Law The magnetic flux through a loop of wire is Φ = BA cos θ B A B = magnetic field penetrating loop [T] A = area of loop [m 2 ] = angle between field
More informationPES 1120 Spring 2014, Spendier Lecture 38/Page 1
PES 1120 Spring 2014, Spendier Lecture 38/Page 1 Today: Start last chapter 32 - Maxwell s Equations James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) Scottish mathematical physicist. He united all observations, experiments
More informationDEFINITIONS. Linear Motion. Conservation of Momentum. Vectors and Scalars. Circular Motion. Newton s Laws of Motion
DEFINITIONS Linear Motion Mass: The mass of a body is the amount of matter in it. Displacement: The displacement of a body from a point is its distance from a point in a given direction. Velocity: The
More informationDynamics inertia, mass, force. Including centripetal acceleration
For the Singapore Junior Physics Olympiad, no question set will require the use of calculus. However, solutions of questions involving calculus are acceptable. 1. Mechanics Kinematics position, displacement,
More informationBaccalieu Collegiate. Physics Course Outline
Baccalieu Collegiate Physics 2204 Course Outline Course Content: Unit 1: Kinematics Motion is a common theme in our everyday lives: birds fly, babies crawl, and we, ourselves, seem to be in a constant
More informationChapter 6. Wave Motion. Longitudinal and Transverse Waves
Chapter 6 Waves We know that when matter is disturbed, energy emanates from the disturbance. This propagation of energy from the disturbance is know as a wave. We call this transfer of energy wave motion.
More informationSlide 1 / 24. Electromagnetic Induction 2011 by Bryan Pflueger
Slide 1 / 24 Electromagnetic Induction 2011 by Bryan Pflueger Slide 2 / 24 Induced Currents If we have a galvanometer attached to a coil of wire we can induce a current simply by changing the magnetic
More informationElectromagnetic Waves. Chapter 33 (Halliday/Resnick/Walker, Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition)
PH 222-3A Spring 2007 Electromagnetic Waves Lecture 22 Chapter 33 (Halliday/Resnick/Walker, Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition) 1 Chapter 33 Electromagnetic Waves Today s information age is based almost
More information