ANALYTICAL WEIGHING, LIQUID TRANSFER, AND PENNY DENSITY REPORT
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1 ANALYTICAL WEIGHING, LIQUID TRANSFER, AND PENNY DENSITY REPORT Name: Date: Section: Analytical Weighing Experimental Mass of Known Object: Known Mass: Difference: Methods of Determining Masses Data Units (a) mass of wash bottle (b) mass of dry beaker (c) mass of weighing bottle with salt (d) mass of weighing bottle with residual salt (e) mass of beaker with salt (f) mass of beaker plus salt and water (g) mass of wash bottle after water transfer Mass of Salt Mass of Water Method 1(addition) Method 2 (difference) Difference in Methods (grams) Difference in Methods (tenths of milligrams) Difference in Methods (percentage) Comments:
2 Pipette Transfer Mass of beaker before water addition Mass of beaker after water addition Mass of water added Lab temperature: Water density: Volume of water added Average Volume delivered: Rel. Std. Dev.: Comments: Post Lab Discussion Questions for Methods Section. 1. Which method of weighing (addition or difference) do you think is the more accurate method? Why? 2. Why does the wash bottle lose very little water to evaporation? 3. What impact on weighing do your fingerprints have? 4. Why does the temperature of the lab play a role in the determination of water density? 2
3 Penny Data Your Graduated Cylinder Calibration Data Trial Final Buret Reading (ml) Initial Buret Reading (ml) Calibrated Volume (ml) Average Calibrated Vol. (ml) Standard Deviation (ml) Your Sample Density Data Sample Type (old or new): Trial Number of pennies in sample Total Mass of Penny Sample Final Buret Reading (ml) Initial Buret Reading (ml) Volume (ml) of water added to the cylinder with pennies Volume occupied by pennies Penny Density (g/ml = g/cm 3 ) Density Uncertainty Average Density (g/ml = g/cm 3 ) Standard Deviation Density (g/ml = g/cm 3 ) Show the calculation of the density uncertainty in this space: Be sure to append and discuss a computer generated plot of mass of pennies as a function of year as a figure in your report. Complete the statistical testing described on the next page using your pooled lab data (list those pooled results in the space at the top of the next page.) Finally, answer the associated questions on the next page. 3
4 Pooled Data for Graphing and t-testing will be provided via (or hardcopy) Prepare an x-y scatter plot of the mass (y-axis) vs. mint year (x-axid) of the pooled data for your lab. Adjust the presentation of the data to make the presentation look professional. Attach the graph to your report AND securely fasten a copy into your lab notebook. If you need help learning to use Excel (the free spreadsheet tool available in WU public labs), you should visit the CHM113 website and look at the link Other. [ There is an Excel practice assignment there. It is self-explanatory. Post Lab Calculations. 1. Use Excel to determine the average (mean) and standard deviation of the masses of the two groups of pennies (older vs. newer)* and report the values here to the correct number of significant figures. *Note: In the 1982 mint year some pennies are of the older type while others are of the newer type. 2. a. Use Excel to determine the average (mean) and standard deviation of the density values of the two groups of pennies (older vs. newer)* and report the values here to the correct number of significant figures. b. Perform a t-test to determine if the difference in density of the old and new penny groupings is significant. Show your work here: 4
5 c. Perform a t-test comparing the old penny data pool to the accepted density of copper (Cu). Does the test support the assertion that the old penny density is statistically the same as or different from the known density of copper (Cu). Show your work here and DISCUSS (especially in the context of estimated uncertainties). d. Perform a t-test comparing the old penny data pool to the accepted density of zinc (Zn). Does the test support the assertion that the old penny density is statistically the same as or different from the known density of zinc (Zn). Show your work here and DISCUSS (especially in the context of estimated uncertainties). Post Lab Discussion Questions (entire lab). 1. Would you characterize this lab as conforming to the Principles of Green Chemistry? Support your answer. 5
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