The experimental discovery of charm quarks
|
|
- Dwain Owen
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The experimental discovery of charm quarks Jacek Otwinowski GSI-armstadt
2 Content: Charm before 1974 Theory predictions imuon measurements by L. Lederman et al. The R - ratio November Revolution J/ψ discovery J resonance at AGS/BNL (S. Ting et al.) psion family at SPEAR/SLAC (B. Richter et al.) J/ψ properties From J/ψ to charm Summary 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 2
3 Theory predictions Year 1974 The first speculations about charm J.. Bjorken and S.L. Glashow, Phys. Lett. 11 (1964) 255 Massive lepton-pair production in h-h collisions S.. rell and T-M Yan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25 (1970) 316 Weak interactions with Lepton-Hadron symmetry S.L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos and L. Maiani, Phys. Rev. (1970) 1285 (GIM model) In April 1974 S.L. Glashow said There are just three possibilities: 1. Charm is not found and I eat my hat 2. Charm is found by hadron spectroscopy, and we celebrate 3. Charm is found by outlanders, and you eat your hats. (International Conference on Experimental Meson Spectroscopy, 2-27 April 1974 Boston) source: Fermilab-Conf97/432-E (story by John Yon for the E288 collaboration) 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 3
4 imuon measurements at AGS/BNL Fixed target experiment (no B field!): (J.H. Christenson et al. Phys. Rev. 8 (1973) 2016) 1 m Concrete Steal ense U target (20 seg.) Pion/Kaon absorbtion µ 1 Steal/Concrete Absorbers p > 6 GeV/c p t > 450 MeV/c Steal θ 12 µ 2 Angle hodoscopes µ angle measurement Momentum hodoscopes Initial p µ measurement imuon signal = difference between in-time and delayed coincidences! p+u µ + µ - + X T p = 22, 25, 28.5, 29.5 GeV M = 2 p p2[1 cos 12] µµ 1 θ 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 4
5 imuon measurements at AGS/BNL Phys. Rev. 8 (1973) nb Muon pairs with effective masses 1 GeV/c 2 and 6.5 GeV/c 2 have been observed in the collisions of 30-GeV protons with a uranium target. The production cross section was seen to vary smoothly with mass exhibiting no resonant structure.?? imuon spectra σ M /M ~25% at 3 GeV/c 2 4% of in-time data sample (from 2% at 1.5 GeV/c 2 to 40% at 5 GeV/c 2 ) small signal-to-noise ratio data sensitive to subtraction procedure p+u µ + µ - + X T p = 29.5 GeV 1 pb A year later S.Ting group completed e+e- pair spectrometer at AGS/BNL 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 5
6 The R ratio Quark model: The R ratio (July 1974) R + σ ( e e hadrons) + + σ ( e e µ µ ) = for u,d,s quarks R=2! = 3 q 2 Q q Measured R grows with energy! is quark model OK? a new quark? irect motivation for B. Richter to measure the R ratio at SPEAR/SLAC 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 6
7 November Revolution - J/ψ discovery J.J. Auber et al. PRL 33 (1974) 1404 BNL J.J. Augustin et al. PRL 33 (1974) 1406 SLAC e + e - hadrons p+be e + e - + X T p = 30 GeV e + e - e + e - M J =3.1 GeV σ M 20 MeV e + e - µ - µ +, π + π -, K + K - Particle ata Book (2007): M J/ψ = ±0.011 MeV Γ J/ψ = 93.4±2.1 kev M ψ =3.1±0.003 GeV FWHM 1.3 MeV 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 7
8 J resonance at BNL Two arms e + e - spectrometer S. Ting - Nobel Lecture 1976 e- Tracking M 0, M 1, M 2 dipol magnets A 0, A, B, C MWPCs σ M 20 MeV C b B PI detectors a, b hodoscopes (tof) S el. mag. shower counters C b, C 0, C e Ĉerenkov counters hadron pair rejection factor >>10 8 p+be e + e - + X T p = 30 GeV J particle ecoupled measurement of momentum and angles. e+ M 2 2 = me + me+ + 2 [ Ee Ee+ pe pe+ cosθe e + ] 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 8
9 SPEAR the e + e - storage ring at SLAC The SPEAR parameters SLAC linac min. filling time 2 h data taking GeV c.m. e+e- energy collision volume (σ x x σ y x σ z = 0.1 x 0.01 x 5 cm 3 ) e- e+ 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 9
10 MARK I magnetic detector at SPEAR/SLAC MARK I exploded view The psion family was discovered at SPEAR by using MARK I detector! MARK I beam s eye view e Tracking Cylindrical magnet (5 KG / 20 m 3 ) 16 cylindrical wire chambers PI detectors Trigger chambers (tof) Shower counters (e identification) Muon wire chambers µ R.F. Schwitters et al., Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 26 (1976) 89 h 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 10
11 ψ resonance at SPEAR/SLAC ψ production in e+e- collisions e- e+ γ* ψ h,µ,e ψ intermediate qq (J PC =1 -- ) hadron state decaying into leptons and hadrons. σ σ de i Γ ( Γ i M Breit - Wigner ψ i e ) - partial, Γ ψ 2 2π (2 J + 1) = M, J 2 ψ - mass, widths cross total ΓiΓ Γ to section the width i(e) Fit results (MARK I data): M ψ = 3.095±0.004 GeV Γ ψ = 69±13 kev (long lived resonance!) (A.M. Boyarski et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 34 (1975) 1357) PG(2007): M J/ψ = ±0.011 MeV Γ J/ψ = 93.4±2.1 kev ψ e and for e channels spin + e - of ψ ψ i B. Richter- Nobel Lecture 1976 Γ h Γ µ Γ e B-W cross section + beam spread (Gauss) + radiative effects 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 11
12 ψ resonance at SPEAR/SLAC (10 days after ψ) MARK I (SPEAR) event display B. Richter- Nobel Lecture 1976 ψ ψ + π + π -, followed by ψ e+e- At MARK I: M ψ =3.695 ± GeV FWHM < 2.7 GeV (G.S. Abrams et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 (1974) 1453) Fit results (MARK I data) M ψ =3.684 ± GeV Γ ψ = 225±56 kev (V. Lüth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 (1975) 1124) pattern = name! 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 12
13 Radiative transitions ψ or ψ γ + intermediate state Search methods: B. Richter- Nobel Lecture 1976 oris (ESY) SPEAR (SLAC) Energy levels remainds positronium atom! ψ is a bound state of cc ( charmonium ) 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 13
14 The R-ratio measurement at SPEAR/SLAC B. Richter- Nobel Lecture 1976 The R ratio (E c.m. = GeV) ψ, ψ reconance peaks removed! ~2.5 ~5 R + σ ( e e hadrons) + + σ ( e e µ µ ) = = 3 q 2 Q q for u,d,s,c quarks R=10/3 Not enough?! (recent data: M.R. Whalley, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 29 (2003) A1-A133) A new members of psion family The broad ψ-like states at 3.95, 4.1, 4.4 GeV (much broader than ψ(3.684)): mass limit for the lightest charm particle M ψ(3.684) /2 < m < M ψ(3.950) /2 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 14
15 J/ψ properties (1976) Heavy and long lived resonance M = 3.095±0.004 GeV, Γ J/ψ J/ψ = 69±13 kev irect production in e+e- collisions J PC =1 -- (A.M. Boyarski et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 34 (1975) 1357) Hadronic decays: even number of pions (consistent with 2nd order electromagnetic decays) odd numbers of pions (enhanced) G parity conservation (J/ψ is a hadron) (π + π - π 0, pp, ΛΛ) I=0 Radiative transitions ( positronium like spectrum ) cc bound state ( charmonium ) The R ratio > 2 evidence for a new quark Enough to get the Nobel Prize! 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 15
16 S. Ting and B. Richter and S.L. Glashow were celebrating! The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind Burton Richter Samuel Chao Chung Ting 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 16
17 iscovery of charmed neutral mesons at SPEAR/SLAC e e + X at E c.m. = 3.9, 4.6 GeV G. Goldhaber et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1976) 265 mesons decays: 0 + K π 0 + K π K π π π K π π π At MARK I: M = ± 15 MeV Γ < 40 MeV PG(2007): 0 ( cu), 0 ( cu) M = 1864 ± 0.5 MeV τ = (410.3 ± 1.5) s 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 17
18 iscovery of charmed charged mesons at SPEAR/SLAC + + e e + X at E c.m. = 4.03 GeV mesons decays: I. Peruzzi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1976) 569 m K π ± π ± + K K + + π π π π ecay modes : not seen + m K + π π m * + 0 π + At MARK I: M = ± 15 MeV Γ < 40 MeV m K π + π PG(2007): + ( cd), ( cd ) M = ± 0.5 MeV τ = (1040 ± 7) s 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 18
19 iscovery of charmed *+ mesons at SPEAR/SLAC + * + e e + X at E c.m. = 4.03 GeV mesons decays: * + K π π π G. J. Feldman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1977) m K π ± π ± At MARK I: M = 2010 ± 20 MeV Γ < 2 MeV PG(2007): * + ( cd), ( cd ) M = 2010 ± 0.4 MeV M M * * (2010) (2010) + + * M M + 0 = ± 0.10 MeV = ± 0.10 MeV m K π + π 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 19
20 Summary The discovery of charm was a pivotal event for particle physics. It established the reality of the quark structure of matter and provided enormous evidence for the SM. SU(4) F - multiplets PG(2007): c + 1 P I( J ) = 0 2 Mass m = 1.15 to1.35 GeV 2 Charge q = e 3 Charm = /11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 20
21 Bibliography 1. B. Richter Nobel Lecture S. C.C. Ting - Nobel Lecture R.F. Schwitters and K. Strauch, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 26 (1976) P. Braun-Munzinger Lectures, TU armstadt J.. Bjorken and S.L. Glashow, Phys. Lett. 11 (1964) S.. rell and T-M Yan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25 (1970) S.L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos and L. Maiani, Phys. Rev. (1970) J.H. Christenson et al. Phys. Rev. 8 (1973) J.J. Auber et al. PRL 33 (1974) J.J. Augustin et al. PRL 33 (1974) A.M. Boyarski et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 34 (1975) G.S. Abrams et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 (1974) V. Lüth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 (1975) M.R. Whalley, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 29 (2003) A1-A G. Goldhaber et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1976) I. Peruzzi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1976) G. J. Feldman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 37(1977) 08/11/2007 TU armstadt, Jacek Otwinowski 21
Discovery of c, b and t quarks and quarkonia Marco Schramm
Discovery of c, b and t quarks and quarkonia Marco Schramm 7. November 2013 Marco Schramm 1 Outline Introduction November Revolution / Discovery of the Charm Quark Quarkonium Discovery of the Bottom Quark
More informationCharmed Mesons GEORGE HODGKINSON AND BETHANY SLINGSBY
Charmed Mesons GEORGE HODGKINSON AND BETHANY SLINGSBY Introduction Properties of the charm quark The early predictions of the charm quark The necessity of the charm quark in the GIM mechanism The discovery
More informationIntroduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 22 Page 1 of 8. Charm Quark Bottom Quark Top Quark Are there more lepton-quark generations?
Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 22 Page 1 of 8 Charm Quark Bottom Quark Top Quark Are there more lepton-quark generations? Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 22 Page 2
More informationLecture 23. November 16, Developing the SM s electroweak theory. Fermion mass generation using a Higgs weak doublet
Lecture 23 November 16, 2017 Developing the SM s electroweak theory Research News: Higgs boson properties and use as a dark matter probe Fermion mass generation using a Higgs weak doublet Summary of the
More informationPart II Particle and Nuclear Physics Examples Sheet 1
T. Potter Lent/Easter Terms 2017 Part II Particle and Nuclear Physics Examples Sheet 1 Matter and Forces 1. (A) Explain the meaning of the terms quark, lepton, hadron, nucleus and boson as used in the
More informationDiscovery of Pions and Kaons in Cosmic Rays in 1947
Discovery of Pions and Kaons in Cosmic Rays in 947 π + µ + e + (cosmic rays) Points to note: de/dx Bragg Peak Low de/dx for fast e + Constant range (~600µm) (i.e. -body decay) small angle scattering Strange
More informationQuarks and Hadrons. Properties of hadrons Pions and nucleons Strange particles Charm and beauty Breit-Wigner distribution Exotics
Quarks and Hadrons Properties of hadrons Pions and nucleons Strange particles Charm and beauty Breit-Wigner distribution Exotics J. Brau Physics 661, Quarks and Hadrons 1 Quark Flavors 3 pairs Called generations
More informationCLEO Results From Υ Decays
CLEO Results From Υ Decays V. Credé 1 2 1 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 2 now at Florida State University Tallahassee, FL Hadron 05 Outline 1 Introduction The Υ System CLEO III Detector CLEO III Υ Data
More informationParticle physics today. Giulia Zanderighi (CERN & University of Oxford)
Particle physics today Giulia Zanderighi (CERN & University of Oxford) Particle Physics Particle Physics is fundamental research, as opposed to many applied sciences (medicine, biology, chemistry, nano-science,
More informationThe Discovery of the Tau lepton. Max Godsland and Samuel Sheldon
The Discovery of the Tau lepton Max Godsland and Samuel Sheldon Some context Why were the electron and muon different? Perl believed an answer to the e-μ problem might be found by looking for a new heavy
More informationParticle Physics A short History
Introduction to Experimental Particle Physics Heavily indebted to 1. Steve Lloyd Queen Mary s College, London 2004 2. Robert S. Orr University of Toronto 2007 3. Z. Vilakazi University of Cape Town -2006
More information8. Quark Model of Hadrons
8. Quark Model of Hadrons Particle and Nuclear Physics Dr. Tina Potter Dr. Tina Potter 8. Quark Model of Hadrons 1 In this section... Hadron wavefunctions and parity Light mesons Light baryons Charmonium
More informationM. Cobal, PIF 2006/7. Quarks
Quarks Quarks Quarks are s = ½ fermions, subject to all kind of interactions. They have fractional electric charges Quarks and their bound states are the only particles which interact strongly Like leptons,
More informationParticle Physics with Electronic Detectors
Particle Physics with Electronic Detectors This experiment performed by the Oxford group on the 7 GeV proton synchrotron, NIMROD, at the Rutherford Laboratory in 1967 gave the first usefully accurate measurement
More informationParticle Physics WS 2012/13 ( )
Particle Physics WS 2012/13 (13.11.2012) Stephanie Hansmann-Menzemer Physikalisches Institut, INF 226, 3.101 Content of Today Up to now: first order non-resonant e+e- cross-section dσ e.g. (e + e μ + μ
More informationThe achievements of the CERN proton antiproton collider
The achievements of the CERN proton antiproton collider Luigi DiLella Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy Motivation of the project The proton antiproton collider UA1 and UA2 detectors Discovery of the
More informationLecture 10: Weak Interaction. 1
Lecture 10: Weak Interaction http://faculty.physics.tamu.edu/kamon/teaching/phys627/ 1 Standard Model Lagrangian http://pdg.lbl.gov/2017/reviews/rpp2017-rev-standard-model.pdf Standard Model Lagrangian
More informationNicolas Berger SLAC, Menlo Park, California, U.S.A.
SLAC-PUB-11414 August 25 Frascati Physics Series Vol. VVVVVV (xxxx), pp. - DAΦNE 24: Physics at meson factories Frascati, June. 7-11, 24 Selected Contribution in Plenary Session INCLUSIVE HADRONIC RESULTS
More informationInternational Workshop on Heavy Quarkonium Oct. 2007, DESY Hamburg. Prospects for Panda. Charmonium Spectroscopy
International Workshop on Heavy Quarkonium 17 20 Oct. 2007, DESY Hamburg Prospects for Panda Charmonium Spectroscopy M. Pelizäus (Ruhr Universität Bochum) for the Panda Collaboration 1 FAIR accelerator
More informationIntroduction. Read: Ch 1 of M&S
Introduction What questions does this field address? Want to know the basic law of nature. Can we unify all the forces with one equation or one theory? Read: Ch 1 of M&S K.K. Gan L1: Introduction 1 Particle
More informationY2 Neutrino Physics (spring term 2017)
Y2 Neutrino Physics (spring term 2017) Lecture 5 Discoveries of the leptons Dr E Goudzovski eg@hep.ph.bham.ac.uk http://epweb2.ph.bham.ac.uk/user/goudzovski/y2neutrino Previous lecture In 1940s, nuclear
More informationFeasibility of a cross-section measurement for J/ψ->ee with the ATLAS detector
Feasibility of a cross-section measurement for J/ψ->ee with the ATLAS detector ATLAS Geneva physics meeting Andrée Robichaud-Véronneau Outline Motivation Theoretical background for J/ψ hadroproduction
More informationThe Quark Parton Model
The Quark Parton Model Quark Model Pseudoscalar J P = 0 Mesons Vector J P = 1 Mesons Meson Masses J P = 3 /2 + Baryons J P = ½ + Baryons Resonances Resonance Detection Discovery of the ω meson Dalitz Plots
More informationVol. 5 (2012) Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement No 4 PANDA AT FAIR. Tord Johansson. representing the PANDA Collaboration
Vol. 5 (2012) Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement No 4 PANDA AT FAIR Tord Johansson representing the PANDA Collaboration Departmet of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University Box 516, 75120
More informationPHY492: Nuclear & Particle Physics. Lecture 24. Exam 2 Particle Detectors
PHY492: Nuclear & Particle Physics Lecture 24 Exam 2 Particle Detectors Exam 2 April 16, 2007 Carl Bromberg - Prof. of Physics 2 Exam 2 2. Short Answer [4 pts each] a) To describe the QCD color quantum
More informationarxiv:nucl-ex/ v1 21 Dec 2004
φ meson production in d + Au collisions at s NN = 00 GeV arxiv:nucl-ex/041048v1 1 Dec 004 1. Introduction Dipali Pal for the PHENIX collaboration Department of Physics & Astronomy, Vanderbilt University,
More informationZahra Haddadi, KVI-CART (University of Groningen) for the BESIII collaboration 1 Sep EUNPC 2015, Groningen
Zahra Haddadi, KVI-CART (University of Groningen) for the BESIII collaboration 1 Sep. 2015 EUNPC 2015, Groningen Outline: Charmonium spectroscopy spin-singlet states puzzle BESIII & precision measurements
More informationThe SU(3) Group SU(3) and Mesons Contents Quarks and Anti-quarks SU(3) and Baryons Masses and Symmetry Breaking Gell-Mann Okubo Mass Formulae Quark-Mo
Lecture 2 Quark Model The Eight Fold Way Adnan Bashir, IFM, UMSNH, Mexico August 2014 Culiacán Sinaloa The SU(3) Group SU(3) and Mesons Contents Quarks and Anti-quarks SU(3) and Baryons Masses and Symmetry
More informationNew Limits on Heavy Neutrino from NA62
CERN E-mail: michal.koval@cern.ch The NA6 experiment at CERN collected large samples of charged kaon decays in flight with a minimum bias trigger configuration in 7 and in 15 using a completely new detector
More informationQuark Model. Mass and Charge Patterns in Hadrons. Spin-1/2 baryons: Nucleons: n: MeV; p: MeV
Mass and Charge Patterns in Hadrons To tame the particle zoo, patterns in the masses and charges can be found that will help lead to an explanation of the large number of particles in terms of just a few
More informationOverview of Elementary Particle Physics
Overview of Elementary Particle Physics Michael Gold Physics 330 May 3, 2006 Overview of Elementary Particle Physics Rutherford e p elastic elastic scattering e p inelastic scattering zeus Parton model
More informationResults on Charmonium-like States at BaBar
Results on Charmonium-like States at BaBar INFN Ferrara Representing the BaBar Collaboration Outline Introduction and Overview Search for the Z 1 (4050) + and Z 2 (4250) + states in B 0 χ c1 K - π + and
More informationM. Cobal, PIF 2006/7. Quarks
M. Cobal, PIF 2006/7 Quarks Quarks Quarks are s = ½ fermions, subject to all kind of interactions. They have fractional electric charges Quarks and their bound states are the only particles which interact
More information8.882 LHC Physics. Experimental Methods and Measurements. Onia as Probes in Heavy Ion Physics [Lecture 10, March 9, 2009]
8.882 LHC Physics Experimental Methods and Measurements Onia as Probes in Heavy Ion Physics [Lecture 10, March 9, 2009] Lecture Outline Onia as Probes in Heavy Ion Physics what are onia? and bit of history
More informationUniversity of Hawaii Colloquium Discovery of the Z c (3900)
University of Hawaii Colloquium Discovery of the Z c (3900) Frederick A. Harris May 9, 2013 4/11/2014 1 OUTLINE Introduction to charmonium Original era of discovery From discovery to precision: Charmonium
More informationPhysics with Hadron Beams at COMPASS
Physics with Hadron Beams at COMPASS Bernhard Ketzer Technische Universität München MAMI and Beyond 2009 International Workshop on Hadron Structure and Spectroscopy 2009 30 March 2009 The Goal Understand
More informationPANDA FAIR. Anastasios Belias for the PANDA Collaboration GSI, Darmstadt, Germany. EXA2017, Vienna September 15th, 2017
PANDA Physics @ FAIR Anastasios Belias for the PANDA Collaboration GSI, Darmstadt, Germany EXA2017, Vienna September 15th, 2017 PANDA Physics @ FAIR The Facility PANDA Physics Goals Status & Outlook Facility
More informationExperimental overview of the PANDA experiment
Experimental overview of the PANDA experiment Elisa Fioravanti for the PANDA Collaboration INFN Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy E-mail: fioravanti@fe.infn.it Abstract. The physics program
More informationStudy of Transitions and Decays of Bottomonia at Belle
1 Study of Transitions and Decays of Bottomonia at Belle Saurabh Sandilya University of Cincinnati (On behalf of the Belle Collaboration) Outline Introduction (Bottomonia, KEKB & Belle detector) Transitions
More informationB and Upsilon Cross Sections at HERA-B
B and Upsilon Cross Sections at HERA-B Antonio Sbrizzi University of Bologna - Physics Department via Irnerio 46, I-426 Bologna - Italy A new measurement of the b b and Υ production cross sections using
More informationHeavy Hadron Production and Spectroscopy at ATLAS
Heavy Hadron Production and Spectroscopy at ALAS Carlo Schiavi on behalf of the ALAS Collaboration INFN Sezione di Genova ALAS has studied heavy flavor production and measured the production cross sections
More informationLecture 11. Weak interactions
Lecture 11 Weak interactions 1962-66: Formula/on of a Unified Electroweak Theory (Glashow, Salam, Weinberg) 4 intermediate spin 1 interaction carriers ( bosons ): the photon (γ) responsible for all electromagnetic
More informationSome of the experimental origins of the Electroweak Theory. Peter Fisher MIT August 18, 2006
Some of the experimental origins of the Electroweak Theory Peter Fisher MIT August 18, 2006 Prelude: Parity violation in β decay Observing PV requires the measurement of a pseudoscalar observable: A =ψ
More informationPhysics at Hadron Colliders
Physics at Hadron Colliders Part 2 Standard Model Physics Test of Quantum Chromodynamics - Jet production - W/Z production - Production of Top quarks Precision measurements -W mass - Top-quark mass QCD
More informationBaBar s Contributions. Veronique Ziegler Jefferson Lab
BaBar s Contributions Veronique Ziegler Jefferson Lab BaBar last day of running charm light quark heavy quark 2 3 _ Before 2003, 4 cs mesons known 2 S-wave mesons, D s (J P = 0 ) and D s (1 ) 2 P-wave
More informationThreshold Photo-production of J/5 Mesons J. Dunne Jefferson Lab
hreshold Photo-production of J/5 Mesons J. Dunne Jefferson Lab Introduction With the advent of higher energies at Jefferson Lab, the study of charmonium becomes possible. he threshold production of J/5
More informationJanuary 31, PHY357 Lecture 8. Quark composition of hadrons. Hadron magnetic moments. Hadron masses
January 3, 08 PHY357 Lecture 8 Quark composition of hadrons Hadron magnetic moments Hadron masses January 3, 08 Quark rules for building Hadrons! Three types of stable quark configurations established!
More informationSECOND PUBLIC EXAMINATION. Honour School of Physics Part C: 4 Year Course. Honour School of Physics and Philosophy Part C C4: PARTICLE PHYSICS
A047W SECOND PUBLIC EXAMINATION Honour School of Physics Part C: 4 Year Course Honour School of Physics and Philosophy Part C C4: PARTICLE PHYSICS TRINITY TERM 05 Thursday, 8 June,.30 pm 5.45 pm 5 minutes
More informationParticle Physics. Lecture 12: Hadron Decays.!Resonances!Heavy Meson and Baryons!Decays and Quantum numbers!ckm matrix
Particle Physics Lecture 12: Hadron Decays!Resonances!Heavy Meson and Baryons!Decays and Quantum numbers!ckm matrix 1 From Friday: Mesons and Baryons Summary Quarks are confined to colourless bound states,
More informationSimulation of X(3872) Resonance Scan Using the PandaRoot Framework 1
Simulation of X(3872) Resonance Scan Using the PandaRoot Framework 1 XXXVIII. PANDA Collaboration Meeting, GSI Darmstadt Martin J. Galuska, Svende A. Braun, Wolfgang Kühn and Jens Sören Lange for the PANDA
More informationLecture 9. Isospin The quark model
Lecture 9 Isospin The quark model There is one more symmetry that applies to strong interactions. isospin or isotopic spin It was useful in formulation of the quark picture of known particles. We can consider
More informationLepton and Charm Measurements in the First Two Years of RHIC: An Experimental Overview
Lepton and Charm Measurements in the First Two Years of RHIC: An Experimental Overview Ralf Averbeck State University of New York at Stony Brook INT/RHIC Winter Workshop, Seattle, December 13-15, 2002
More informationAnalysis of diffractive dissociation of exclusive. in the high energetic hadron beam of the COMPASS-experiment
Analysis of diffractive dissociation of exclusive K π`π events in the high energetic hadron beam of the -experiment Prometeusz K. Jasinski on behalf of the Collaboration Institut für Kernphysik Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg
More informationThe Strong Interaction
The Strong Interaction What is the quantum of the strong interaction? The range is finite, ~ 1 fm. Therefore, it must be a massive boson. Yukawa theory of the strong interaction Relativistic equation for
More informationOverview and Status of Measurements of F 3π at COMPASS
g-2 workshop Mainz: Overview and Status of Measurements of F 3π at COMPASS D. Steffen on behalf of the COMPASS collaboration 19.06.2018 sponsored by: 2 Dominik Steffen g-2 workshop Mainz 19.06.2018 Contents
More informationThe Discovery of the b Quark
The Discovery of the b Quark Bozzetto Elena July 21, 2010 The discovery of the J/ψ and third family of leptons, made respectivetly by Brookhaven National Laboratory-Stanford Linear Accelerator in November
More informationExperimental verification of the Salaam-Weinberg model. Pásztor Attila, Eötvös University Experimental Particle Physics Student Seminar
Experimental verification of the Salaam-Weinberg model Pásztor Attila, Eötvös University Experimental Particle Physics Student Seminar Contents Theoretical considerations Discovery of W and Z bosons (and
More informationSpectroscopy and Decay results from CDF
Quarkonium Spectroscopy and Decay results from CDF KIT Quarkonium Workshop December 3, 2008 Outline Tevatron and CDF Bc Mass Lifetime bc X(3872) Mass splitting and mass X page 2 Tevatron p s = 1.96 TeV
More informationPRECISION&MEASUREMENTS&
PRECISION&MEASUREMENTS& AT&Z&RESONANCE Z&Lineshape&and&number&of&neutrinos Lecture'2 Shahram&Rahatlou Fisica&delle&Par,celle&Elementari,&Anno&Accademico&2138214 http://www.roma1.infn.it/people/rahatlou/particelle/
More informationInstitute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuanquanlu, Shijingshan district, Beijing, , China
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuanquanlu, Shijingshan district, Beijing, 49, China E-mail: liubj@ihep.ac.cn The BESIII experiment in Beijing takes data in τ-charm domain
More informationHigh Energy Physics. QuarkNet summer workshop June 24-28, 2013
High Energy Physics QuarkNet summer workshop June 24-28, 2013 1 The Birth of Particle Physics In 1896, Thompson showed that electrons were particles, not a fluid. In 1905, Einstein argued that photons
More informationExploring dense matter at FAIR: The CBM Experiment
Exploring dense matter at FAIR: The CBM Experiment What s it all about Landmarks of the QCD phase diagram: deconfinement phase transition chiral phase transition critical point 2 Signatures of phase transition
More informationThe X(3872) at the Tevatron
The X(387) at the Tevatron Ulrich Kerzel, University of Karlsruhe for the CDF and D0 collaborations BEAUTY 005 Physics at the Tevatron observe p p collisions at s =1.96 TeV 1 fb -1 luminosity delivered
More informationStudy of Baryon Form factor and Collins effect at BESIII
Study of Baryon Form factor and Collins effect at BESIII Wenbiao Yan On behalf of BESIII Collaboration INT Program INT-17-3 Hadron imaging at Jefferson Lab and at a future EIC 1 Bird s View of BEPCII &
More informationCharmonium Transitions
Hans Kuipers & Maikel de Vries Student Seminar on Subatomic Physics October 14, 2009 Outline n 2S+1 L J J PC Aspects of charmonium Charmonium is a mesonic bound state of c c. Charmonium produced in e e
More informationMonte Carlo Simulations for PANDA
Monte Carlo Simulations for PANDA Diego Bettoni Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Ferrara International Workshop on Heavy Quarkonia 2008 Nara, Japan, 3 December 2008 Outline Introduction The PANDA
More informationNeutrinos & Weak Interactions
Neutrinos & Weak Interactions Lecture 3 Discoveries of the leptons; neutrino mass Evgueni Goudzovski School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham, United Kingdom eg@hep.ph.bham.ac.uk Designing
More informationPentaquarks and Exotic Charm Spectroscopy at LHCb
Pentaquarks and Exotic Charm Spectroscopy at Mike Williams on behalf of the Collaboration Department of Physics & Laboratory for Nuclear Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology EINN, Paphos, Cyprus
More informationCurrent knowledge tells us that matter is made of fundamental particle called fermions,
Chapter 1 Particle Physics 1.1 Fundamental Particles Current knowledge tells us that matter is made of fundamental particle called fermions, which are spin 1 particles. Our world is composed of two kinds
More informationSearch for heavy neutrinos in kaon decays
Search for heavy neutrinos in kaon decays L. Littenberg (work mainly done by A.T.Shaikhiev INR RAS) HQL-2016 Outline Motivation Previous heavy neutrino searches Experiment BNL-E949 Selection criteria Efficiency
More information(for the BESIII Collaboration)
Overview on recent results Zhiyong Wang (for the BESIII Collaboration) YongPyong-High1 2015 Joint Winter Conference on Particle Physics, String and Cosmology Jan., 25-31, 2015, High1 resort, Korea 1 Bird
More informationNuclear and Particle Physics 3: Particle Physics. Lecture 1: Introduction to Particle Physics February 5th 2007
Nuclear and Particle Physics 3: Particle Physics Lecture 1: Introduction to Particle Physics February 5th 2007 Particle Physics (PP) a.k.a. High-Energy Physics (HEP) 1 Dr Victoria Martin JCMB room 4405
More informationDr Victoria Martin, Prof Steve Playfer Spring Semester 2013
Particle Physics Dr Victoria Martin, Prof Steve Playfer Spring Semester 2013 Lecture 12: Mesons and Baryons Mesons and baryons Strong isospin and strong hypercharge SU(3) flavour symmetry Heavy quark states
More informationAnalysis of a Multi-Muon Signal at Collider and Fixed-Target Experiments
Analysis of a Multi-Muon Signal at Collider and Fixed-Target Experiments In Collaboration with Manuel Drees August 23rd, 2010 SUSY10 1 Introduction 2 Ghost Events 3 Simulation 4 Outlook and Summary Introduction
More informationPANDA. antiproton Annihilation at DArmstadt
antiproton Annihilation at DArmstadt Physics programme Quark confinement: Charmonium spectroscopy Excited gluons: Exotic hybrid mesons & glueballs Nucleon spin puzzle: transverse quark spin distribution
More informationPopat Patel (McGill University) On behalf of the BaBar Collaboration The Lomonosov XIV Conference Moscow (2009/08/24)
Popat Patel (McGill University) On behalf of the BaBar Collaboration The Lomonosov XIV Conference Moscow (2009/08/24) Outline Brief overview: BaBar Data Bottomonium Spectra Report on selected BaBar analyses
More informationHadronic Cross Section Measurements at BES-III Sven Schumann Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz
Hadronic Cross Section Measurements at BES-III Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Introduction Hadronic cross sections & R ratio Impact on aμ and Δαhad Physics with Initial State Radiation ISR technique
More informationarxiv: v1 [hep-ph] 2 Sep 2008
M2 SIGNATURES IN ψ(2s) RADIATIVE DECAYS EFI 08-24 arxiv:0809.xxxx September 2008 arxiv:0809.0471v1 [hep-ph] 2 Sep 2008 Jonathan L. Rosner 1 Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics University of
More informationA brief history of neutrino. From neutrinos to cosmic sources, DK&ER
A brief history of neutrino Two body decay m 1 M m 2 Energy-momentum conservation => Energy of the decay products always the same 1913-1930: Puzzle of decay Continuous spectrum of particles Energy is not
More informationIn Pursuit of the Next Discovery: A New Neutral Resonance. Chris Hays, Oxford University
In Pursuit of the Next Discovery: A New Neutral Resonance Chris Hays, Oxford University Royal Holloway, University of London May 13, 2009 A Brief History of Neutral Resonances J/ψ discovery 1970: Fourth
More informationarxiv:hep-ex/ v1 10 Nov 2000
Recent Results from BES arxiv:hep-ex/1132v1 1 Nov 2 Xiaoyan Shen Representing the BES Collaboration Institute of High Energy Physics, Academy of Sciences, Beijing 139, P.R. China Abstract We report partial
More informationMeson Spectroscopy Methods, Measurements & Machines
Meson Spectroscopy Methods, Measurements & Machines Aug. 31 Sep. 4, Groningen Klaus Götzen GSI Darmstadt Mesons are they really interesting? Look at the American Physical Society Highlights 2013! [http://physics.aps.org/articles/v6/139]...
More informationSSA Measurements with Primary Beam at J-PARC
SSA Measurements with Primary Beam at J-PARC Joint UNM/RBRC Workshop on Orbital Angular Momentum in Albuquerque February 25 th, 2006 Yuji Goto (RIKEN/RBRC) February 25, 2006 Yuji Goto (RIKEN/RBRC) 2 Introduction
More informationMost of Modern Physics today is concerned with the extremes of matter:
Most of Modern Physics today is concerned with the extremes of matter: Very low temperatures, very large numbers of particles, complex systems Æ Condensed Matter Physics Very high temperatures, very large
More informationD Hadronic Branching Fractions and DD Cross Section at ψ (3770) from CLEO c
D Hadronic Branching Fractions and DD Cross Section at ψ (3770) from CLEO c V. Credé 1 2 1 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 2 now at Florida State University Tallahassee, FL Hadron 05 Outline 1 CESR-c CLEO-c
More informationThe D-wave to S-wave amplitude ratio for b 1 (1235) ωπ
1 The D-wave to S-wave amplitude ratio for b 1 (125) ωπ Mina Nozar a a Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy, NY, 1218-59 USA We present a preliminary
More informationHeavy-flavour meson production at RHIC
Heavy-flavour meson production at RHIC André Mischke ERC-Starting Independent Research Group QGP - Utrecht 1 Outline Introduction - heavy-flavour production and energy loss in QCD matter Total charm production
More informationStatus / Hadron Spectroscopy at COMPASS
Status / Hadron Spectroscopy at COMPASS Johannes Bernhard 1 Institut für Kernphysik Mainz January 22 nd 2010 1 johannes.bernhard@cern.ch Outline 1 Introduction 2 Recoil Proton Detector 3 Trigger 4 Analysis
More informationThe PANDA experiment at FAIR
The PANDA experiment at FAIR Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Germany On behalf of the PANDA collaboration Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) PANDA physics program PANDA spectrometer PANDA phases
More informationCharmSpectroscopy from B factories
CharmSpectroscopy from B factories (SLAC) Representing the BABAR Collaboration Charm 2010 Workshop Beijing October 23, 2010 Contact: benitezj@slac.stanford.edu Production of Charm Mesons at B-factories
More informationPoS(EPS-HEP 2009)057. Bottomonium Studies at BaBar. Veronique Ziegler. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory E-mail: vziegler@slac.stanford.edu Selected studies in bottomonium physics carried out by the BaBar experiment at the SLAC PEP-II e + e collider are presented. They
More informationMost of Modern Physics today is concerned with the extremes of matter:
Most of Modern Physics today is concerned with the extremes of matter: Very low temperatures, very large numbers of particles, complex systems Æ Condensed Matter Physics Very high temperatures, very large
More informationPion Form Factor Measurement at BESIII
Pion Form Factor Measurement at BESIII Martin Ripka on behalf of the BESIII colaboration EINN - November, 2015 1 / 17 Motivation: Why Form Factor Measurements at BESIII? Muon anomalous magnetic moment
More informationNeutrino vs antineutrino. Lepton number
Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics. Note 18 Page 1 of Neutrino vs antineutrino Neutrino is a neutral particle a legitimate question: are neutrino and anti-neutrino the same particle? Compare:
More informationThe ALICE experiment at LHC. Experimental conditions at LHC The ALICE detector Some physics observables Conclusions
The ALICE experiment at LHC Experimental conditions at LHC The ALICE detector Some physics observables Conclusions ALICE @ LHC PbPb collisions at 1150 TeV = 0.18 mj Experimental conditions @LHC 2007 start
More informationLecture 6-4 momentum transfer and the kinematics of two body scattering
Lecture 6-4 momentum transfer and the kinematics of two body scattering E. Daw March 26, 2012 1 Review of Lecture 5 Last time we figured out the physical meaning of the square of the total 4 momentum in
More informationRecent Results from Fermilab Charm Experiment E791. David A. Sanders. Representing the Fermilab Experiment E791 Collaboration
Recent Results from Fermilab Charm Experiment E791 David A. Sanders University of Mississippi Representing the Fermilab Experiment E791 Collaboration We report the results of some recent E791 charm analyses.
More informationOverview of Light-Hadron Spectroscopy and Exotics
Overview of Light-Hadron Spectroscopy and Eotics Stefan Wallner Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries - Technical University of Munich March 19, 018 HIEPA 018 E COMPASS 1 8 Introduction
More informationInteractions... + similar terms for µ and τ Feynman rule: gauge-boson propagator: ig 2 2 γ λ(1 γ 5 ) = i(g µν k µ k ν /M 2 W ) k 2 M 2 W
Interactions... L W-l = g [ νγµ (1 γ 5 )ew µ + +ēγ µ (1 γ 5 )νwµ ] + similar terms for µ and τ Feynman rule: e λ ig γ λ(1 γ 5 ) ν gauge-boson propagator: W = i(g µν k µ k ν /M W ) k M W. Chris Quigg Electroweak
More informationPROBING OF STRONG INTERACTIONS AND HADRONIC MATTER WITH CHARMONIUM-LIKE STUDIES
PROBING OF STRONG INTERACTIONS AND HADRONIC MATTER WITH CHARMONIUM-LIKE STUDIES Mikhail Barabanov, Alexander Vodopyanov (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna) in collaboration with Stephen Olsen
More information