SPH4U Success Criteria : Scientific Investigation Skills. The student will be able to...

Transcription

1 SPH4U Success Criteria : Scientific Investigation Skills develop relevant scientific questions about relationships, concepts and problems, make informed predictions and hypotheses for research and experiments. (A1.1) select appropriate instruments and materials for lab investigations and identify appropriate procedures for such activities. (A1.2) identify and locate a variety of print and electronic resources to address research topics thoroughly. (A1.3) use safe laboratory practices when planning and carrying out experiments that conform to WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System). (A1.4) conduct experiments, controlling relevant variables and changing procedures as necessary. (A1.5) collect accurate data from various sources using a number of different formats such as tables, graphs and diagrams. (A1.6) select, organize and record relevant information from a variety of sources for

2 the purposes of research, evaluate its accuracy, logic, reliability, adequacy and bias and document those sources using an accepted academic format. (A1.7, A1.9) analyze qualitative and quantitative data and solve problems with those data. (A1.8) determine whether or not experimental results support initial hypotheses. (A1.8) identify sources of experimental error and suggest improvements on the procedure used. (A1.8) draw conclusions based on inquiry and research and justify those conclusions using scientific knowledge. (A1.10) communicate ideas, plans, procedures, results and conclusions orally, in writing, and/or in electronic presentations, using appropriate language and a variety of formats (data tables, lab reports, presentations, etc.) (A1.11) use units of measurement, diagrams, vector components and algebraic methods properly. (A1.12) express the results of calculations accurately, according to the rules of significant digits. (A1.13) identify and describe a variety of careers related to the physics topics being studied. (A2.1)

3 describe the contributions of various scientists to the field of physics as they pertain to the topics studied. (A2.2) Forces and Motion (Dynamics) describe (in terms of force and acceleration) the operation of a device that uses the principles of linear an/or circular motion to do its job and the societal impact of this device. (examples: slingshot, trebuchet, rocket, trampoline, centrifuge) (B1.1,B1.2) properly use terminology associated with linear and circular motion. (B2.1) solve word problems related to motion, including those that involve projectiles, relative velocities, adding/subtracting vectors in two dimensions using trigonometry. (B2.2) describe, in words and equation form, the relationships amongst the forces of gravity, normal force, applied force, force of friction, and coefficient of friction and solve numerical problems involving these forces in one and two dimensions using free-body diagrams. (B2.3) predict the forces acting on systems of related objects (masses connected over pulleys, blocks sliding down inclided planes, etc) and plan and carry out an

4 experiment to test those predictions. (B2.4) describe the relationships between the forces acting on a system and its motion and use free-body diagrams and equations to solve related problems. (B2.5) analyse, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the forces and accelerations of objects undergoing uniform circular motion in both the horizontal and the vertical planes and solve associated problems using free-body diagrams and algebraic methods. (B2.6) perform experiments to examine the relationships amongst the acceleration, force, frequency, period, speed and radius of orbit for an object undergoing uniform circular motion. (B2.7) distinguish between inertial and non-inertial reference frames and the real and apparent forces within each. (B3.1) explain the advantages and disadvantages of using friction in the horizontal plane and a variety of inclined planes. (B3.2) derive the various equations for uniform circular motion that involve the force, frequency, period, speed, radius and mass of an object undergoing such motion. (B3.3)

5 Energy and Momentum use the principles of momentum and energy to propose improvements to existing technologies that currently employ these principles. (C1.1) describe the effects on society of technologies that apply the principles of momentum and energy. (C1.2) correctly use the terminology associated with energy and momentum (work, work-energy theorem, kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, thermal enrgy, impulse, momentum, elastic collision, inelastic collision, change in momentum-impulse theorem, etc.) (C2.1) describe the relationship between work and energy and solve problems using the work-energy theorem. (C2.2) perform experiments to analyze, in qualitative and quantitative terms, situations involving work, gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, thermal energy, elastic potential energy and use conservation of energy to solve related problems. (C2.3) conduct an experiment or computer simulation to test the law of conservation of energy in energy transformations that involve gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy and elastic potential energy. (C2.4)

6 analyze, in qualitative and quantitative terms the relationships between mass, velocity, kinetic energy, momentum and impulse for a system of objects moving in one and two dimensions. (C2.5) differentiate between elastic and inelastic collisions and analyze, in qualitative and quantitative terms, those colisions in one and two dimensions, using the laws of conservation of energy and conservation of momentum and solve related problems. (C2.6, C3.3) conduct an experiment or computer simulation involving collisions and/or explosions in one and two dimensions to test the laws of conservation of energy and conservation of momentum. (C2.7) describe and explain Hooke's law and explain the relationships between elastic potential energy, elastic force and work on a system of objects. (C3.1) describe and explain the simple harmonic motion (SHM) of an object, and explain the relationship between Hooke's law, SHM and circular motion. (C3.2) explain the implications of the conservation laws with regard to mechanical systems (i.e. perpetual motion machines, dampened oscillators, etc.) (C3.4) explain how the conservation laws were used to predict the existence of the neutrino. (C3.5)

7 Gravitational, Electric and Magnetic Fields analyze the operation of a technology that employs the properties of gravitational, electric or magnetic fields and the impact that technology has had on society. (D1.1, D1.2) use the terminology associated with fields of force (forces, potential energies, potential, etc.) (D2.1) solve problems relating to Newton's law of gravitation and circular motion. (D2.2) solve problems involving electric force, field strength, potential energy and potential using both uniform and non-uniform electric fields. (D2.3) Solve problems involving the force on charges moving through a uniform magnetic field (charged particles and current-carrying conductors) (D2.4) conduct an experiment or computer simulation to examine the behaviour of a charged particle moving in a field (i.e. Millikan's Oil-Drop Experiment) (D2.5) describe and compare the properties of the fundamental forces that are associated with various theories and models of physics (i.e. Relativity, particle physics) (D3.1) compare and contrast the corresponding properties of gravitational, electric and

8 magnetic fields (i.e. dependence on charge, mass or dipoles, etc.) (D3.2) use field diagrams to describe differences between varous types of fields (near- Earth vs. Distant objects, point charges vs. Parallel plates, etc.) (D3.3) The Wave Nature of Light analyze and explain a technology that applies the principles of light waves and discuss the impact of that technology on society. (E1.1, E1.2) use appropriate terminology associated with the wave nature of light (diffraction, refraction, dispersion, wave interference, nodal line, phase, oscillate, polarization, electromagnetic radiation). (E2.1) conduct experiments involving the diffraction and interference of mechanical waves, using ripple tanks or computer simulations. (E2.2) conduct experiments involving the diffraction and interference of light waves, using a single, double or multiple slit apparatus. (E2.3) analyze the diffraction and interference of water waves and light waves and solve related problems. (E2.4) describe and explain the diffraction and interference of water waves in two dimensions. (E3.1)

9 describe and explain the diffraction, refraction, interference and polarization of light waves. (E3.2) use the phenomena of refraction, diffraction, polarization and interference of light waves to explain the separation of white light into the colours of the visible spectrum. (E3.3) describe, in qualitative terms, the production of electromagnetic radiation by an oscillating charge. (E3.4) Modern Physics analyze and describe the development of the two major revolutions in modern physics (how the discovery of the photoelectric effect led to the development of quantum theory and how thought experiments led to the development of the theory of relativity). (F1.1) assess the importance of relativity and quantum theory to the development of various modern technologies (nuclear energy, medical imaging and radiation therapy, etc.) (F1.2) use appropriate terminology associated with quantum theory and relativity (quantum/photon, photoelectric effect, matter waves, time dilation, etc.) (F2.1)

10 solve problems involving the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect and matter waves. (F2.2) solve problems involving Einstein's special theory of relativity. (F2.3) conduct an experiment or computer simulation to analyze data that support phenomena related to relativity or quantum theory. (F2.4) describe the experimental evidence that supports the particle model of light (photoelectric effect, Compton effect, etc.) (F3.1) describe the experimental evidence that supports the wave model of matter (interference patterns observed using electrons). (F3.2) identify Einstein's two postulates for the theory of special relativity and describe evidence supporting the theory (decay of muons, relativistic momentum in particle accelerators, etc.) (F3.3) describe the standard model of elementary particles in terms of the characteristics of quarks, hadrons and field particles. (F3.4)