3rd six weeks replacement grade packet DUE BY THURSDAY DEC. 15, 2011 BY 4:15 PM

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1 Class: Date: 3rd six weeks replacement grade packet DUE BY THURSDAY DEC. 15, 2011 BY 4:15 PM Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A circuit with a switch turned to the OFF position or a circuit with any break is called: a. a closed circuit. b. a short circuit. c. a resistor circuit. d. an open circuit. 2. A closed circuit: a. is off. b. is on. c. has a break in it. d. requires no voltage. 3. Positive electric charges: a. attract both positive charges and negative charges. b. repel both positive charges and negative charges. c. attract positive charges and repel negative charges. d. repel positive charges and attract negative charges. 4. Suppose you rub an inflated party balloon on a carpet, hold the balloon next to a wall, and discover that it "sticks" to the wall. Why did the balloon stick to the wall? a. The total charge on the balloon and wall becomes zero, so attraction between the two can occur. b. Like charges on the balloon and wall cause an attraction between the two. c. Balloons contain a special "atomic glue" that allows them to cling to other objects. d. Excess charge builds up on the balloon and electrostatic forces allow the balloon and wall to be attracted to one another. 5. What property of matter gives rise to both electricity and magnetism? a. Mass b. Charge c. Magnetos d. Nuclei 6. When you talk about a battery's voltage, you are referring to: a. amount of power. b. amount of charges. c. amount of energy. d. amount of energy per unit of charge. 7. Four alkaline AA batteries are placed in series. What is the total voltage of the batteries? a. 1.5 volts b. 6 volts c. 9 volts d. 36 volts 1

2 8. Direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) differ in: a. the kind of charge flow. b. the amount of charge flow. c. the direction of charge flow. d. the amount of energy per unit of charge. 9. In an electrical circuit, the term current refers to: a. resistance. b. potential difference. c. flowing charges. d. energy loss. 10. Electrical current will pass easily through: a. an absorber. b. a conductor. c. a semiconductor. d. an insulator. 11. Which of the following could be a good conductor of electricity? a. A metal pot b. A ceramic coffee cup c. A piece of foam packing material d. A plastic spoon 12. Objects that conduct electricity poorly are called: a. conductors. b. insulators. c. absorbers. d. resistors. 13. An ohm is the unit of measurement for: a. electrical power. b. voltage. c. current. d. resistance. 14. The mathematical relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is known as: a. Kirchoff's law. b. Farday's law. c. Ohm's law. d. Murphy's law. 2

3 15. In the circuit below, 3 amperes of current passes through the light bulb. The resistance of the light bulb is 1.5 ohms. What is the voltage of the battery? a. 1.5 volts b. 3 volts c. 4.5 volts d. 6 volts Figure 3-1A 16. Which of the circuit diagrams shown in Figure 3-1A is a parallel circuit? a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only 17. Which of the circuit diagrams shown in Figure 3-1A is a series circuit? a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only 18. The electrical outlets in your home are wired in: a. parallel circuits. b. series circuits. c. two-way circuits. d. three-way circuits. 3

4 19. Which of the following statements best describes the difference between series and parallel circuits? a. Series circuits are battery circuits and parallel circuits are generator circuits. b. Series circuits have a single path and parallel circuits have two or more paths. c. Series circuits are used in computers and parallel circuits are used in homes. d. Series circuits have one switch in them and parallel circuits have two switches in them. 20. The current in a DC series circuit: a. decreases to zero as it travels through the circuit. b. is the same at all points in a circuit. c. is greatest in the resistor with the highest resistance. d. is greatest in the resistor with the lowest resistance. 21. You suspect a lamp has a short circuit, because when you switched the lamp on it tripped the circuit breaker. You unplug the lamp, leave the lamp switch on, and place your meter leads across the plug. What would you measure to test the lamp? a. Current b. Voltage c. Resistance d. Power 22. Earth's magnetic north pole is: a. aligned with the north star. b. aligned with the Earth's geographic north pole. c. under Antarctica, the Earth's geographic south pole. d. at the equator. 23. All atoms act like tiny magnets. Why do only a few materials show magnetic properties? a. Magnetic materials have atoms that are much stronger magnets than the atoms of other materials. b. Atomic magnets are magnified when combined with a rare substance. Magnetic materials contain this rare substance. c. We see magnetic properties only if atomic magnets line up with Earth's geographic south and north poles. In magnetic materials this arrangement can occur. d. We see magnetic properties only if atomic magnets line up in the same direction throughout a material. In magnetic materials this arrangement can occur. 4

5 24. A student places two magnets with their north poles facing each other, about 70.0 centimeters apart. When she moves one magnet toward the other, the first magnet repels the second at a distance of 26 centimeters. She repeats the procedure, but now places the magnets so the south pole of one faces the north pole of the other. What is she likely to observe? a. The first magnet will again repel the second at a distance of 26 centimeters. b. The first magnet will attract the second at a distance of 26 centimeters. c. The first magnet will repel the second at a distance of 52 centimeters. d. The first magnet will attract the second at a distance of 52 centimeters. 25. If you reverse the direction of current flow in an electromagnet, what happens? a. The north and south poles are reversed. b. The magnet is neutralized. c. The strength of the magnetic field increases. d. A short circuit occurs. 26. When current flows through a coil of wire, you have: a. a superconductor. b. an electromagnet. c. a ceramic magnet. d. a semiconductor. 27. If you increase the current in an electromagnet: a. the north and south poles will be switched. b. the magnetic field will be stronger. c. the magnetic field will disappear. d. a short circuit will be created. 28. Three ways you can increase the strength of an electromagnet are: a. decrease the number of coils, increase the current, and add iron to the core. b. increase the number of coils, increase the current, and add iron to the core. c. increase the number of coils, decrease the current, and add iron to the core. d. decrease the number of coils, decrease the current, and add iron to the core. 29. Which of the following does not create a magnetic field? a. A lodestone b. A straight wire carrying current c. A coil of wire carrying current d. A metal ball with 2 coulombs of static charge on it 5

6 30. If the length of a pendulum increases, the period of the pendulum: a. increases. b. decreases. c. stays the same. d. returns immediately to zero. 31. A mass oscillates on the end of a spring with a period of 4.0 seconds. What is the frequency of the oscillator? a hertz b hertz c. 2.0 hertz d. 5.0 hertz 32. If you double the frequency of a pendulum, what happens to the period of one cycle? a. The period is 1 / 4 its original time. b. The period is 1 / 2 its original time. c. The period stays the same. d. The period doubles. Figure Which of the graphs in figure 4.1 has an amplitude of 10 centimeters? a. Graph A b. Graph B c. Graph C d. Graphs B and C 34. Which of the graphs in figure 4.1 has a period of two seconds? a. Graph A b. Graph B c. Graph C d. Graphs B and C 35. The wavelength of a wave is defined as: a. the distance from crest to crest. b. one-half the distance from crest to crest. c. the distance between the highest and lowest parts of a wave. d. how often a wave goes up and down. 6

7 36. A transverse wave: a. lasts no longer than one minute. b. oscillates perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. c. oscillates in the same direction as the direction of wave travel. d. has enough energy to travel at least 5,000 kilometers. 37. Sound waves are always: a. transverse waves. b. longitudinal waves. c. electromagnetic waves. d. seismic waves. 38. A longitudinal wave travels: a. only along the Earth's longitudinal lines. b. perpendicular to the direction of oscillations. c. in the same direction as the oscillations. d. perpendicular to a latitude wave. 39. An ocean wave has a frequency of 2 Hz and a speed of 20 m/sec. What is the wavelength of this wave? a. 0.1 meter b. 10 meters c. 20 meters d. 40 meters 40. Which of the following usually occurs inside a material instead of at the surface? a. Reflection b. Refraction c. Diffraction d. Absorption 41. When a wave bends as it crosses a boundary, occurs. a. reflection. b. refraction. c. absorption. d. diffraction. 42. When a wave reflects from a hard surface, it may do all of the following EXCEPT: a. change direction. b. change shape. c. change from transverse to longitudinal. d. bounce back in the same direction. 43. Although a door is only slightly opened, sound will pass from one room to another due mainly to: a. reflection. b. refraction. c. diffraction. d. absorption. 7

8 44. How many anti-nodes does this standing wave have? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four 45. The picture below shows five harmonics of a vibrating string experiment. The vibrating string incorrectly labeled is: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d While the range of human hearing is about 20 hz to 20,000 hz, humans hear best in the range from: a. 20 to 75 hertz. b. 100 to 2000 hertz. c. 2,500 to 5,000 hertz. d. 5,500 to 10,000 hertz. 47. Which of the following sounds has the shortest wavelength? a. The rumble of thunder at 75 hertz b. A bass guitar at 150 hertz c. A male voice at 500 hertz d. A female soprano singer at 2,000 hertz 8

9 48. White noise is: a. an equal mixture of all frequencies of sound. b. a frequency of sound too low for the human ear to hear. c. the complete absence of sound. d. a frequency of sound too high for the human ear to hear. 49. "Dead spots" sometimes occur in a concert hall because: a. the designer of the building meant for no one to sit there. b. the frequency of sound waves in that spot is too high for humans to hear. c. destructive interference causes some of the sound to cancel out with its own reflections. d. beat frequencies cause damping of the oscillations. 50. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of the speed of sound waves? a. Sound waves travel faster in metal than in air. b. The speed of sound in air is about 343 meters per second. c. Sound waves are slower than light waves. d. Sound waves travel faster in outer space than in air. 51. A decibel is a unit used to measure the: a. pitch of sound. b. color or complexity of sound. c. loudness of sound. d. frequency of a sound. 52. The sound from a jack-hammer used to tear-up a city street measures about 90 decibels on the "loudness" scale. City traffic registers about 70 db. To our ears, how much louder is the jack-hammer? a. 2 times as loud b. 10 times as loud c. 20 times as loud d. 100 times as loud 53. Dissonance describes: a. two faraway sounds. b. two or more sounds that are unpleasant to hear together. c. two or more sounds that are pleasant to hear together. d. sounds that are an octave apart. 54. We often hear beats (rapid alternations between loudness and silence) when: a. musical notes have the same frequency as the rhythm. b. two notes played at the same time have nearly the same frequency. c. sound is created as a percussionist hits a bass drum. d. there is interference due to multiple echoes. 55. Electrons with higher energy are located: a. farther from the nucleus of the atom. b. closer to the nucleus of the atom. c. in the nucleus of the atom. d. at lower levels of the atom. 9

10 56. Electromagnetic energy invisible to the human eye is: a. red light. b. yellow light. c. blue light. d. ultraviolet light. 57. The three primary colors of light are: a. red, green, and blue. b. red, yellow, and blue. c. magenta, cyan, and yellow. d. orange, green, and violet. 58. The three primary colors of pigments are: a. red, green, and blue. b. red, yellow, and blue. c. magenta, cyan, and yellow. d. orange, green, and violet. 59. Of the waves listed, the one with the longest wavelength is the: a. microwave. b. radio wave. c. X ray. d. visible light wave. 60. The type of wave that can be used to transmit your voice on a cell phone and to cook your food in an oven is the: a. microwave. b. X ray. c. gamma ray. d. ultraviolet wave. 61. Which of the following is a true statement about light? a. Light travels at the same speed no matter what kind of material it is moving through. b. The direction of a ray of light can never be changed. c. Nothing in the universe travels faster than light. d. All colors of light have the same wavelengths but different frequencies. 62. Of the energy waves listed below, the slowest is: a. electrical. b. heat. c. sound. d. ultraviolet. 63. Sunscreen protects your skin from sunburn. For sunscreen to be effective, it must block or absorb: a. visible light. b. ultraviolet light. c. infrared light. d. X rays. 10

11 64. The primary colors used to construct an image on a color TV monitor are: a. red, blue, and yellow. b. red, green, and blue. c. white and black. d. magenta, cyan, and yellow. 65. Light can have different colors because it can have different: a. frequencies. b. wavelengths. c. energies. d. All of the above are true. The pictures below represent the strength of signals reaching the brain from the color receptors in the eye. Filled boxes indicate a strong signal. Empty boxes represent no signal. Use the pictures to answer the following questions. 66. Which picture represents someone seeing the color we think of as RED? a. Picture A b. Picture B c. Picture C d. Picture D 67. Which picture represents someone seeing the color we think of as YELLOW? a. Picture A b. Picture B c. Picture C d. Picture D 11

12 68. Which picture represents someone seeing the color we think of as WHITE? a. Picture A b. Picture B c. Picture C d. Picture D 69. Which picture represents someone seeing the color we think of as BLACK? a. Picture A b. Picture B c. Picture C d. Picture D 70. A converging lens changes the direction of light through the process of: a. reflection. b. reaction. c. refraction. d. subtraction. 71. The bending of light rays that results as light crosses a boundary from one substance to another is called: a. reflection. b. diffraction. c. absorption. d. refraction. 72. In the picture below, the person sees the image of the fish in a different location than the actual fish. This happens because: a. the fish moves very fast from one place to another. b. the water absorbs some of the light rays reflected from the fish. c. the light rays reflected from the fish bend at the surface of the water. d. the water acts like a mirror and bounces the light rays back down to the fish. 12

13 73. A ray of light falls on a mirror. Which ray best describes the path of the light reflected from the mirror? a. Ray a b. Ray b c. Ray c d. Ray d 74. The index of refraction best describes: a. the color of a material. b. the transparency of a material. c. the ability of a material to bend light rays. d. the shape of a lens. 75. The image you see below is called: a. an index of refraction. b. total internal reflection. c. an optical illusion. d. an incidence of reflection. 76. Temperature is a measure of: a. average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance. b. internal energy due to potential interactions between molecules. c. internal energy due to the nuclear interactions between all of the molecules in an object. d. total internal energy due to the motions of all the molecules in an object. 77. The amount of thermal energy stored in an object depends on: a. the mass of the object. b. the temperature of the object. c. the amount of energy that the particular material stores per degree of temperature. d. The amount of thermal energy depends on all of the above. 13

14 78. Heat can be defined as the: a. average kinetic energy of the molecules of an object. b. amount of thermal energy an object contains. c. average temperature of a substance. d. flow of thermal energy from one object to another object. 79. If you hold a paper cup containing hot chocolate in your hand, thermal energy: a. does not flow. b. flows from the air to the hot chocolate. c. flows from the hot chocolate to your hand. d. flows from your hand to the hot chocolate. 80. Ellen wants to raise the temperature of the water in a small child's wading pool. Which of the following would be the best way to do this, and why? a. Use a cup of boiling water, because its molecules are moving fast. b. Use a large bucket of hot water, because it contains a large amount of thermal energy. c. Use a cup of slightly warm water, because it contains a large amount of thermal energy. d. Add water of any temperature, because any additional water will raise the temperature. 81. When you put ice in a drink to cool it off, a. coldness is transferred from the ice to the warmer drink. b. heat is transferred from the warmer drink to the cooler ice. c. heat from the ice is lost to the warmer liquid around it. d. the ice cracks and releases cold air molecules which cool off the drink. 82. Which of the following is generally the best conductor? a. A gas b. A liquid c. A solid whose electrons are loosely bound to their molecules d. A solid whose electrons are strongly bound to their molecules 83. Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy due to: a. direct contact of particles of matter. b. differences in density. c. the force of buoyancy. d. electromagnetic radiation. 84. Which of the following is NOT a good insulator? a. A pocket of air b. Foam packing material c. A down jacket d. Copper wire 85. Due to its large mass, an iceberg has more internal energy than a hot cup of coffee. If the cup of coffee is placed in thermal contact with an iceberg: a. energy flows from the iceberg to the cup of coffee. b. energy flows from the cup of coffee to the iceberg. c. energy flows in both directions. d. there is no exchange of energy. 14

15 A group of science students take a class trip to a coastal area to learn more about heat energy and heat transfer concepts. Choose the primary type of heat transfer that occurs in the situations that follow. If heat transfer is not responsible for the situation that is described, choose letter d, "No heat transfer took place." 86. A student burned his finger on a hot charcoal grill. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Radiation d. No heat transfer took place. 87. The sand on the beach felt very hot on the students' bare feet. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Radiation d. No heat transfer takes place. 88. The beach ball did not sink when thrown into the water. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Radiation d. No heat transfer took place. 89. A cool breeze blows off the water. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Radiation d. No heat transfer takes place. 90. Several students lie in the sun to warm up. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Radiation d. No heat transfer took place. 91. The type of heat transfer called convection happens as a result of: a. electromagnetic waves. b. the direct contact of particles in a substance. c. the actual motion of a fluid in the form of currents. d. All of the above 92. Which of the following is NOT an example of heat transfer by convection? a. Air moving from the Earth's equator toward the north pole b. Heat you feel when standing close to a campfire c. Cool breeze that blows from the water toward the beach during the day d. Transfer of heat to cooler parts of the room from a radiator 93. During a sea-breeze, cool air moves from the water to the shore. This happens during the daytime when the temperature of the land is: a. higher than the water temperature and the air over the land is heated and rises. b. lower than the water temperature and the air over the water is heated and rises. c. higher than the water temperature and the air over the land is heated and sinks. d. lower than the water temperature and the air over the land is heated and rises. 15

16 94. The type of heat transfer which requires no matter in order for it to occur is called: a. insulation. b. conduction. c. convection. d. radiation. 95. The condition known as global warming is caused by: a. the angle at which the Sun's rays strike the Earth. b. an increase in the last 150 years of CO 2 in the Earth's atmosphere. c. a reduction of the ozone layer at the poles of the Earth. d. an uneven heating of the Earth's surface due to elevation and moisture. 96. A world-wide condition with the potential to cause a global rise in sea level and possibly flood the coastal cities of the USA is known as: a. thermal equilibrium. b. acid rain. c. global warming. d. the ozone hole. 16