Latest time-dependent CP-violation results from BaBar
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1 Latest time-dependent CP-violation results from BaBar Owen Long, UC Santa Barbara TM All results are preliminary XXXVIIth Rencontres de Moriond QCD and Hadronic Interactions March 17, 2002
2 The CKM matrix The complex phase in the CKM quark mixing matrix provides the Standard model mechanism for CP violation in weak interactions. Complex conjugate enters for CP conjugate process. V ud V ub * * V cd V cb (ρ,η) γ α β V td V tb * * V cd V cb (0,0) (1,0) b V ub W - u b * W V + ub The Unitarity Triangle V ud V* ub + V cd V* cb + V td V* tb = 0 CP asymmetries are sensitive to the angles of the triangle. u
3 Time-dependent CP asymmetries Interference between mixing and decay produces a CP asymmetry that depends on the time difference between the B decays. General technique: fit for the sine and cosine coefficients in the time-dependent asymmetry. Decay Mode λ Imλ Comments b ccs J/Ψ K s 1 sin2β Single weak phase. Theoretically clean b ccd D * D (*)? sin2β if no penguin Tree and penguin b uud π + π -? sin2α if no penguin Tree and penguin
4 The PEP-II asymmetric e + e storage ring E(e - ) = 9.0 GeV, E(e + ) = 3.1 GeV βγ 0.56 This result (56 fb -1 ) Design Achieved Luminosity (cm -2 s -1 ) 3 x x Run2b Int. Lum / day (pb -1 ) Int. Lum / month (fb -1 ) nd PRL (30 fb -1 ) 1 st PRL (20 fb -1 ) Run2a This This result: result: fb fb -1-1 on-resonance. on-resonance million millionbb BB events. events. Run1
5 The BaBar experiment SVT: 5 layers double-sided Si. Crucial for measuring t. DCH: 40 layers in 10 superlayers, axial and stereo. DIRC: Array of precisely machined quartz bars. Excellent Kaon identification. Detector for Internally reflected Cherenkov radiation (DIRC) Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) 1.5 T Solenoid EMC: Crystal calorimeter (CsI(Tl)) Very good energy resolution. Electron ID, π 0 and γ reco. IFR: Layers of RPCs within iron. Muon and neutral hadron (K L ) Drift chamber (DCH) Silicon Vertex Detector (SVT) Instrumented Flux Return (IFR)
6 Changes in the sin2β analysis Run1 data (20 fb -1 ) were reprocessed Improved SVT internal alignment (better t measurement). More efficient tracking pattern recognition (K s efficiency +20%). Improved DIRC alignment (better Cerenkov angle resolution, K ± ID) Improved kaon and muon PID algorithms sin2β analysis improvements Decay Mode J/Y K s J/Y K L J/Y K *0 Changes Wider K s mass window Looser µ PID and π 0 veto Angular decomposition of L=0,1,2 Veto J/Ψ K *+ feed-accross Impact Eff. + 7% / Purity 98 % 96 % Eff. +15% / Purity 65 % 58 % sin2β error 13% better FA reduced 60%. Eff. -3.5% New measurements: η c K s, D * D *, D * D
7 sin2β data samples J/Ψ K s (K s π + π - ) χ c1 K s B flav Mixing sample J/Ψ K s (K s π 0 π 0 ) Ψ(2s) K s On-resonance integrated luminosity 56 fb -1 Mode N tag Purity CP J/Ψ K *0 (K *0 K s π 0 ) J/Ψ K L (cc)k s % -1 J/Ψ K L % +1 J/Ψ K * % All CP 1,850 79% Bflav 17,634 85% Flav. ES
8 Measurement of t J/Ψ l + l - dominates in determination of CP vertex. Tracks not from CP B combined to form tag vertex. Tracks with large χ 2 iteratively removed. Long-lived particles (K s, Λ) explicitly reconstructed. Photon conversions (γ e + e - ) removed. Vertex incorporates constraint from average beam position. Efficiency for CP sample 97 % (93% after t <20 ps, σ t <2.5 ps) Tag B σ z ~ 170 µm CP B σ z ~ 70 µm J/Ψ Υ(4s) βγ = 0.56 z t z/γβc γβcτ B 250 µm K 0
9 BaBar B 0 lifetime measurements New preliminary lifetime measurements using partial reconstruction. (not in average) Lifetime measurements validate t measurement techniques BaBar measurements published and submitted to PRL
10 B D ( * ) h + Progress toward Measuring sin(2β+γ) D 0 π s b d d c B 0 D ( * ) u d h + b d 2β Partial reconstruction high statistics + high background Validation of time-dependent analysis with B 0 lifetime measurement B 0 d γ b d u d c h + D ( * ) D*π τ B 0 = ± ± ps D*ρ τ B 0 = ± ± ps
11 Flavor tagging Flavor of CP B at t=0 inferred from decay products of other B in event. Four hierarchical mutually exclusive categories (take the best available). Lepton: primary lepton charge (e or µ) Kaon: sum charge of K ± NT1 NT2 Bins of NN output. Slow π ± from D * and Unidentified leptons. e - B 0 b c s K - ν Tagging category Efficiency ε (%) Mistag fraction w (%) B 0 /B 0 diff. w (%) Q = ε(1-2w) 2 (%) Lepton 11.1 ± ± ± 0.4 Kaon 34.7 ± ± ± NT1 7.7 ± ± ± ± 0.3 NT ± ± ± ± 0.2 ALL σ(sin2β) 1/ Q
12 BaBar m d measurements BaBar mixing in hadronic B 0 decays m d = ± ± ps -1 (stat) (syst) 30 fb -1 BaBar measurements Mixing measurements validate time-dependent asymmetry measurement techniques.
13 CP asymmetry in CP 1 and +1 modes (cc) K s CP = -1 J/Ψ K L CP = +1 Note: likelihood curves are normalized to the total number of tagged events, not B 0 and B 0 separately.
14 sin2β fit results sin2β (cc) (cc) K s CP -1 s CP = ± 0.10 ± 0.04 J/Ψ J/ΨK L CP +1 L CP = ± 0.19 ± 0.07 All All modes (stat) (syst) Systematic errors CP CP = -1-1 background background t t resolution resolution and and detector detector effects effects m m d and B (PDG 2000) d and τ B (PDG 2000) Monte Monte Carlo Carlo statistics statistics J/Ψ J/ΨK L background L background Signal Signal mistag mistag fractions fractions Total systematic error 0.04 Fit Fit without without λ =1 λ =1 constraint constraint (CP=-1 (CP=-1 only) only) λ λ = ± ± (stat) (stat) ± ± (syst) (syst) Imλ/ λ Imλ/ λ = ± ± Analysis refinements responsible for 13% improvement in statistical error [compared to σ(sin2β) = 0.14 x sqrt(30/56)].
15 Cross checks sin2β by decay mode sin2β in sub-samples Individual modes and sub-samples are all consistent.
16 Crosscheck: fit B flav sample as a CP sample Check for bias in sin2β fit by treating B flav (mixing) sample as if it were a CP sample. Expect no CP asymmetry. See no CP asymmetry. A cp = ± 0.027
17 CKM interpretation η Our sin2β measurement is consistent with current Standard Model constraints from measurements of other parameters. ρ = ρ(1-λ 2 /2) η = η(1-λ 2 /2) ρ Method as in Höcker et al, Eur.Phys.J.C21: ,2001 (also other recent global CKM matrix analyses)
18 New sin2β measurement :η c K s Challenging high multiplicity final state: η c K s K ± π + and K + K - π 0. Another golden (b ccs) mode. Preliminary branching fraction measurement (run1 20 fb -1 only) Br(B 0 η c K 0 ) x Br(η c KKπ) = ( ) x 10-6 η c K s N tag = 77, Purity = 73% sin2β = 0.43 ± 0.46 ± 0.08 sin2β = 0.43 ± 0.46 ± 0.08 Will be fully incorporated in the global sin2β by summer.
19 CP asymmetry in b ccd decays: D *± D *+ and D *± D + Weak phase for tree decay is same as for b ccs but watch out for penguins! D * D * is vector-vector decay (L=0,1,2) so mix of CP=+1 and 1. Fit for S f and C f (no penguin assumptions). D * D * N tag = 76 Purity = 80% Separate S f and C f for D *+ D - and D *- D +. D * D * S = ± 0.45 ± 0.05 C = 0.12 ± 0.30 ± 0.05 D * D S +- = ± 1.41 ± 0.20 C +- = 0.53 ± 0.74 ± 0.13 S -+ = 0.38 ± 0.88 ± 0.05 C -+ = 0.30 ± 0.50 ± 0.08 D * D N tag = 85 Purity = 52% Next step: angular analysis for D * D *
20 B 0 h + h - analysis CP asymmetry in B 0 π + π - sensitive to sin2α Background almost entirely from the continuum (BB negligible) Cut on cosθ s : signal flat, BG peaks near 1. Fisher discriminant F (energy cones) used in likelihood fit. Maximum likelihood fit input Sig/BG sep. B kinematics : m es and E Fisher output : F K/π separation DIRC Cherenkov angles : θ + c and θ - c CP asymmetry t and flavor tag Fit for yield ( N ππ, N Kπ, N KK ) and K + π - vs. K - π + asymmetry (A kπ ) Use all events (No t or flavor tagging). Fix yields, fit for S ππ and C ππ including t and flavor tagging.
21 B 0 ππ and Kπ branching fraction results π + π Branching fractions in units of x 10-6 π + π B(p + p - ) = ( 5.4 ± 0.7 ± 0.04) B(K + p - ) = (17.8 ± 1.1 ± 0.8) B(K + K - ) < (1.1, 90% C.L.) K + π K π + Kπ asymmetry K + π K π + m es A Kp = ± 0.06 ± % C.L. interval [-0.15, +0.05] E
22 Mixing/Lifetime Validation Measure B lifetime using Measure m d t = 1.66± using B 0 p + p /K ± p 0.09 ps B 0 K ± p m = ± d m m Cross-check ps -1 Select B Kπ sample and plot the asymmetry between mixed/unmixed events. ~234 B Kπ, ~71 Background
23 B 0 π + π - CP asymmetry results Results of t dependent fit Theoretical interpretation of BaBar S ππ result. QCD factorization S pp pp = ± 0.37 ± 0.07 C pp pp = ± 0.29 ± % confidence intervals S pp = [-0.66,+0.62] C pp = [-0.54,+0.48] Result is at the edge of the allowed region in the ρ η plane.
24 Summary and outlook Several new results with 56 fb -1 of on-resonance data. sin2b = 0.75 ± 0.09 (stat) ± 0.04 (syst) Precision measurement consistent with other experimental constraints on the Standard Model. First measurements of CP asymmetry in b ccd decays. Will eventually provide a valuable SM cross check. CP asymmetry in B 0 π + π - S pp = ± 0.37 ± 0.07 C pp = ± 0.29 ± 0.07 At the edge of the allowed region in the ρ η plane. Will have more updates and measurements with 100 fb -1 this summer.
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