Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj. ssaem-sq Ipcy (sim- p-ip- v) ai aø (a-øm-bn) hnhmlw Ign v Ad p-føv Xma-kn- p. Bdp-a- ƒ. \memwpw c p s]æpw. 1A1.

Transcription

1 Nm n Rmh n A Ω txmakv Iq n-bm-\n-bn Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj adnbw (h n s\spw-]- n-ens `mcy) Ips -dnb Nm n txmakv DXp v Hutk v amxyp DXp v tn\- m-em-bn Ipcy tpmk^v B Wn DXp v amxyp sxmω Nm n Ipcy kvidnb ^m. tp _v DXp v B q- p-t Rmh- n sndn-bm Ipcy Nm n Rmh- n Rmh- n Nm n DXp v Hutk v Nqc-\m v Hutk v sndn-bm B q- p-t Nm n Nqc-\m v ]m q n kvidnb Nm n txmakv tpmk^v amxyp Ipcy tn\- m-em-bn kvidnb Rmh- n I msv 470 sndn-bm B q- p-t Ipcy txm -πm- dh. ^m. Ae-Ivkm- Ipcy tn\- m-em-bn h n tpmk^v Nm n Ipcy kndn-biv A{_mlw AeIvkv tpmkv hn sk v spbnwkv emen- Rmh n Xd-hmSv IX / A ssaem-sq Xma-kn- n-cp sndn-bm Ipcys aq m-asø ai sndn-bm Ipcy I - bøn Nm n am n-f-bpss aiƒ adn-bsø hnhmlw snbvxp. Rmh- n h p Xma-kn- p. At±l-Øns aq m-asø ai Nm n ap p-nnd apcn- IpSpw-_- Øn \n pw hnhmlw snbvxp. Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. Ct±-l- Øns A m-asø ai DXp v ]pfn- p- v ]pø ]p-cbv \n pw BZy-hn-hmlw \SØn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. Ch v Hcp ai\pw c p s] a- fpw D m-bn. s] a- -fn Hcmsf ]mem sxcp-hnepw at Bfns\ ss]º- n-bnepw hnhmlw snbvxp. Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- n-cp ai Nm n v aq p s] a- ƒ. aqøa-iƒ A\m-tcm-Kyw-aqew Ahn-hm-ln-X-bmbn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn v acn- p.- a-dn-bsø s\sp-º- n h n hnhmlw snbvxv Rmh- n ZØp-\n- p. Cfb aiƒ A -Ωsb ]mem- n CS-hI hmbva- -Øn Iq n-bm-\n-bn hnhm-lw-sn-bvxp. Ggm-t cn Icn-tßm-g-bv ho n h n Rmh- n ho n adn-bsø hnhmlw snbvxp. s] a- ƒ am{xw D m-bncp- -Xn-\m Rmh- n Xd-hm p ho n Xma-k-am- n. Cu Zº- Xn-Iƒ v H ]Xp a ƒ. BdmWpw aq p s]æpw. 1. Ips -dnb (sn-dn-bm ) Rmh- n Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. ssaem-sq ]pfn- - pt Ip dp-xmsb (tdm-k) hnhmlw snbvxp. Rmh- n Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Hcp s]æpw A m-wpw. a ƒ 1A. amωn (a-dn-bw) ssaem-sq Ipcy (sim- p-ip- v) ai aø (a-øm-bn) hnhmlw Ign v Ad p-føv Xma-kn- p. Bdp-a- ƒ. \memwpw c p s]æpw. 1A1. ]m - (Ip-cy ) Ad- p-føv tx n Im- n Ip-Spw_mwKw Ge-Ωsb hnhmlw Ign v IÆ-q Pn -bn Icp-hw-Nm ASpØv Ct mƒ Xma-kn- p- p. Bdm a- ƒ. IqSp-X hnh-c-an-. 471

2 1A2. A mω sxmsp-]pg Xe-b-\mSv Ce-hp- CØm v ai amxyp hnhmlw Ign v Xe-b-\m- n Xma-kn- p- p. acn- p-t]m-bn. H ]Xp a ƒ. Ggp s]æpw c m-wpw. 1A2a. kqkω acn- p-t]m-bn. 1A2b. tacn-bω 1A2c. t n 1A2d. h kω 1A2e. sp n 1A2f.... 1A2g. kn_n 1A2h.... 1A2i. hnt\mbn knã 1A2. Idnbm ]mem sh m- mwn IpS-pw-_mwKw tdmk-ωsb hnhmlw Ign v IÆq Pn -bn sim -Ø-e nae F ÿeøp Xma-kn- p- p. A p a ƒ. c mwpw aq p s]æpw. F mhcpw hnhmlw Ign- p. IqSp-X hnh-c-߃ C. 1A2. s]æω s\ w-ip-gn-bn Ip v hnhmlw Ign- p. IÆq Pn -bn DZ-b-Kn-cn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. \mep a ƒ. c mwpw c p s]æpw. F m-hcpw hnhm-ln-x. IqSp-X hnh-c-ß-fn-. 1A2. t] v (tpm-k-^v) acn- p-t]m-bn. `mcybpw c m a- -fpw. IÆq Pn -bn CSh-cºv F -ÿ-eøp Xma-kn- p- p. 1A2. amxyp hnhmlw Ign v IÆq Pn -bn Im -ßm v Xma-kn- p p. \mep a ƒ. c mwpw c p s]æpw. IqSp-X hnh-c-ßfn. 1B. sim v (Ip-cy ) FS-bm-\n- m v Hutk- v- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cfb aiƒ A -Ωsb hnhmlw Ign v Xd-hm- n Xma-kn p. Irjn 472 Bbn-cp- p Pqsse 11 \v acn- p. A Ω 2000 HIvtSm_ 19 \v acn- p-t]m-bn. \mep a ƒ. c mwpw c p s]æpw. 1B1. ]m - (k- -dn-bm-kv) 473 K.S.R.T.C.bn \n p I t{smfnwkv C kvs]- IvS Bbn dn b snbvxv Xdhm- n Xma-kn- p- p. cma- ]pcw, \od- m\w, Fep-hmep- ss]en- - Gen Zº-Xn-IfpsS aiƒ tacn- p- nsb (tacn t]mƒ M.A., B.Ed. Rmh- n ]m - \pw `mcy tacn- p- nbpw a fpw dn. So ) hnhmlw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. tacn Ct mƒ L.L.B.bv v ]Tn- p- p. hnemkw k -dn-bm-kv, Rmh- n, em Ivkv ^mivs-dn p kao-]w, Icq ]n.-h B1a. Ipcym- (In-c k -dn-bm-kv) _n.-f-kv.-kn. t\gvknw-kn\v ssakq-dn ]Tn- p- p. 1B1b. Ip - Ω (A p tacn k -dn-bm-kv) _n.-ss-in\v Im n-c- n Aa tpymxn timtf-pn ]Tn p p. 1B2. amxyp (am-øp- p- n) F Pn-\o-b. Nme- psn At mtfm Stb-gvkn su]yq n amt\-p-cmbn tpmen snøp- p. Ipdp- w-]sn, simº-\msv ae-b- - -Øn amxyp- -tdm-k- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cfb aiƒ sd n(fw.-timw.)sb hnhmlw Ign v simº-\m v Xma-kn- p p. Hcp aiƒ BXncm amxyp (11 mw m n ]Tn- p p.)

3 hnemkw amxyp- p n Rmh- n, simº-\msv ]n.-h., ]n , Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn. 1B3. tacn (ta-cn-b-ω) Dg-hq Hmen- FkvX- m - -Gen (a- -Ω) Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aq m-asø ]p{x Ão^ hnhmlw snbvxp. Ipssh- n tpmen snøp -p. GI-a-I Ão^ k. ssakq-cn t\gvknwkv ]Tn- p- p. hnemkw Ão^, Hmen-, Dg-hq ]n.-h., ]n tim bw Pn, t^m , samss_ B4. eq n (eqkn F. Ipcym-t m-kv) Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv ]me- n-bn sxmω - -G-en-bmΩ Zº-Xn-IfpsS Cf-b-]p-{X aøm-bn- p v (]n.- n. tzh-kym) hnhmlw Ign- p. aøm-bn- p v Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv k Δokv tim -Hm- td- ohv _m v {_m v amt\-p BWv. GI-a-I DÆn (Un. txma-kv) ssakq-cn t\gvknw-kn\p ]Tn- p- p. hnemkw ]n. n. tzhkym, ]me- n-bn, timgm ]n.-h., Ipdhn-e-ßm-Sv, tim bw Pn. t^m C. Nm n IÆw-Ip-fØv adn-b- p n(a-dn-bw)sb hnhmlw Ign v AhnsS Xma-kn- p- p. 1D. Ip n (h n) IpS- - nd \mc-i-ø-s-øn A - p- nsb hnhmlw Ign p. 1E. sxmω (txm-a-kv) awn-ae sfk-iv- -A- mω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ amωnsb hnhmlw Ign v IÆq-cn sntº-cn-bn Xma-kn- p-. AXn c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. amωn-bpss ac-w-tijw Ah-cpsS A\p-P-Øn tacnsb c mw hnhmlw snbvxp. AXn Ggp k m-\-߃. 1E1. tpmkv I m-\n- txmakv a-dnbw aiƒ kmensb hnhmlw snbvxp. c p a ƒ. tpmkv Irjn-Im-cy-߃ snøp- p. 1E1a. Pnj at - m- n tpmk-^v- -A- Ω ai t_m_n hnhmlw snbvxp. _nkn-\-kv E1b. sp\n Nocw-Ip-t tpmk-^v- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai kpn hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp hb- p Hcp aiƒ tacn. 1E2. eoemω awk-eøpitcm v tzh-kym- -a-dn-b- p n ai tpmkv hnhmlw Ign- p. {]kn- -\mb Irjn- m-c. \mep a ƒ. 1E2a. kæn _n-.f. Ing-t -Ø-e-bv F{_m-lw- -t{x-kymω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn tam knsb hnhmlw snbvxp. c p a ƒ. 1) k Pp 2) km{μ 1E2b. B kn apxp-ip-ftø Hm\- -s bpw sxøm-ω-bp-ssbpw ]p{x jn_n hnhmlw snbvxp. c p a ƒ. 1) Bjn 2) B _n 1E2c. _n kn _n.-f. Ipf-Øq Fcp-X-\m-Sv, ]Xm-]-d-ºn tpmk-^v- -tacn Zº-Xn- I-fpsS ]p{x Poh hnhmlw snbvxp. \mep a ƒ. 1) B ta-cn 2) AeIvkv 3) Ae 4) AeIvkv (C-c- -Iƒ) 1E2d. subvkn _n.-f. Xøn tzh-kym-bp-ssbpw A -Ω-bp-sSbpw ai hn sk v hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp ai sã_n. 1E3. hn sk v sim p-i-tcm v amxyp- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ B knsb hnhmlw Ign- p. _nkn-\kv BWv. aq p s] a- ƒ. 1) sa en 2) Aae 3) civan 1E4. t n apxp-πm- BK-kvXn- -tacn Zº-Xn-IfpsS aiƒ ktem-ansb hnhmlw snbvxp. c p a ƒ. 1) sl_n 2) Aae 1E5. A Ω ( m-c) ] -fm- ssa nƒ- -A ai tpmkv hnhmlw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. 1) Pko\ timgn-t m v t\gvknwkv ]Tn- p- p. 2) PÃn 1E6. amxyp ]pfn- Ipcy - -tacn aiƒ an\nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. \ Irjn- m-c. 3 a ƒ. 1) A p 2) B _n 3) APnXv 475

4 1E7. tpm Pp-Ip n aq txm- -Øn txma-kv- -^n-tem-an\ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn _nμp-hns\ hnhmlw sn-bvxp. c p a ƒ. 1) s _n 2) jn_n 1E8. enpp _n.-f. 34 hb-kv. Ham-\n tpmen snøp- p. Ahn-hm-ln-X. 1E9. ss_pp Irjn- -Wn. H w ss{uhnw-kpw. Ahn-hm-ln-X. 1F. aø (am-xyp) cma-]pcw Nn -Sn-bn adn-b- p- nsb hnhmlw Ign v Ct mƒ I - -\- -I-cn- pfw N m-øn ] - m- n Xma-kn- p- p. A p a ƒ. c mwpw aq p s]æpw. hnemkw amxyp, Rmh- n, Icn- pfw, N møv ]n.-h., CSp n Pn, t^m F1. tdmantbm ]nw m v tzhkym ai sim v (sk-_m-ãy ) hnhmlw snbvxp. sxmsp-]pg A n-cn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. a -fn-. Cfb A\p-PØn tacn- p- n-bpss GI-a-Iƒ A t^m kmsb Iq -Øn \n Øn kwc- n- p- p. 1F2. t n (A- -Ω) ]pxn-bm-]-d-ºn txmakv ai t n (am-xyp) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ct mƒ Iºn-fn-I w ]md-tøm- n Xma-kn- p- p. aq p a ƒ. c p s]æpw Hcm-Wpw. hnemkw t n, ]pxn-bm-]-d-ºn, ]md-tømsv ]n.-h., Iºnfn-I- w, CSp n Pn. 1F2a. _n_n amxyp Fw.-F-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. 1F2b. kp_n amxyp 1F2c. Fw.-F-kv.-kn. ssãn\v tim nwkv mkn t]m-ip- p. Bjv_n amxyp Un{Kn p ]Tn- p- p. 1F3. sndn-bm Ip v If-cn- -d-ºn B -Wn-bpsS aiƒ t nsb (sim- pt{xkym) hnhmlw Ign v I - \ Icn- pfw N m-øn 476 Xmakn- p- p. Irjn. `mcy t n So -dm-wv. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. hnem-kw F.Fw. sndn-bm Ip- v, Rmh- n, Icn pfw N møv ]n.-h., CSp n Pn. 1F3a. B k sndn-bm (am-øp- p- n) Bdmw mkn ]Tn- p- p. 1F3b. B _n sndn-bm (A- -Ω) H mw mkn ]Tn- p- p. 1F4. tacn sxmhc-bm- n ]pd-h-t m v tpmkp-ip n hnhmlw Ign- p. acn- p-t]m-bn. Hcp aiƒ. 1F4a. A t^m km (tdm-kvan) tacn-bpss aqø ktlm-zcn tdman-tbm-bpss kwc- -W-bn \gvknwkv ]Tn- p- p. 1F5. PnPntam (am n amxyp) ]g-b-\n-eøv (Io-cn- -c) txma-kns aiƒ kpn\n(tdmkω)sb hnhmlw snbvxv Xd-hm- n amxm- ]nxm- ƒs m w Xma-kn- p- p. Irjn. c p s] a- ƒ. hnemkw am n amxyp, Rmh- n, ] - m-sv, Icn- p-fw, N møv ]n.-h., I - -\, CSp n Pn. t^m F5a. Aaentdmkv am n (tdm-k-ω) ]Øn ]Tn- p- p. 1F5b. A\n m caym am n (a-dn-bw) F- n ]Tn- p- p. 2. Nm n Ggm-t cn sndp- p-t Xma-kn- p. 3. DXp v sxßpw-]- n- p-t adn-bsø hnhmlw Ign- p. Ggmt cn imkvxmw-]-s-hn (Rm-h- n ) Xma-kn- p. Ch v ]Øp a ƒ. 477

5 3A. h n (Ip- v) s]cp-\msv aqse-aæn ss\\m-s bpw adn-b-øn-s bpw ]p{xn X -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. dm n s]cp-\m- n Xma-kn- p- p. X Ω acn- p-t]m-bn. \mep a ƒ. 3A1. Beokv 3A2. t n 3A3. {]kmzv 3A4. {]k \mep-t]cpw hn-hm-ln-x. 3B. amxyp (a-ømbn- cma-]pcw s]mjvwm-h- n txmakv Gen aiƒ tdmk-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. tdmkω acn- p-t]m-bn. \mep a ƒ. Ct mƒ CSp- n-bn Xma-kn- p- p. 3B1. {]bn-kω (kn. sa n Uv kn.-fw.-kn. ]mem) So Bbn-cp- p. dn -b snbvxp. ]mem-bn jmtemw ]mãd sk -dn tkh\w snøp- p. 3B2. t n (t n amxyp) Bbn-eyw-Ip-t ^nen- v- -A Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn B knsb hnhmlw snbvxp. ]nxm-hn-s\m w CSp n I n- p-gn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. c p k m-\-߃. 1) ^nen v 2) A\ojv 3B3. h kω Icn-a-Æq Xmg-tØ-SØv Nmt m- -A Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{x tpmk^v hnhmlw snbvxp. 3B4. sken (s_- n) tims-ap- n h o-kv- -A- - p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai tpmk^v hnhmlw snbvxp. 3C. s]æω he-hq \Sp-]-S-hn amxyp- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{x amxyp hnhmlw snbvxp. Ct mƒ sxmsp-]pg Ieb m\nbn Xma-kn- p- p. amxyp acn- p-t]m-bn. ]Xn-s\m v a ƒ. F m-hcpw Pohn-Xm- - n {]th-in- n-cn- p- p D. CØΩ s]cp-º-\m\n tzh-kym- -a-dn-bw ZºXn-I-fpsS c m-asø ]p{x tpmk^v hnhmlw snbvxp. c p t]cpw A ym-]- I-cm-bn-cp- p. Ct mƒ sxmsp-]p-g-bv -SpØv amdn-i-bn Xmakn- p- p. CØΩ acn- p-t]m-bn. c p a ƒ. 3D1. jmen hnhm-ln-x. 3D2. kmw AUz-t - m-wv. sxmsp-]p-g-bn {]mivsokv snøp- p. 3E. Hutk Xpcp-Øn- n eq m- -A Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn Ip nbωsb hnhm-lw- sn-bvxp. U ln-bn Xma-kn- p- p. aq p a ƒ. 3E1. tpm 3E2. eq v 3E3. sa en 3F. A Ω Ahn-hm-ln-X-bm-Wv. Ggm-t cn Xd-hm- n Cfb Bßf {^m ko-kn-s\m w Xma-kn- p- p. 3G. kvidnbm Ce n Ipgn-sIm-ºn txma-kv- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn s]æ-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. C-t mƒ CSp n I n- pgn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. \mep a ƒ. 3G1. at\mpv Fcp-taen Ip n-then A{_m-lw- -tam-\n m Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn {]oasb hnhmlw snbvxp. 3G2. an\n \nc-høv. 3G3. ssj\n ]Wn- IpSn. 3G4. kn\n G -bm. 479

6 3H. txmakv Icq Dgp-Øp-hm X -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp Ggm-t -cnbn Xma-kn- p- p. txmakv acn- p-t]m-bn. c m a- ƒ. c p-t]cpw hnhm-ln-x. a -fp- v. c p-t]cpw Ggm-t -cnbn Xma-kn- p- p. 3H1. tpm ]mem Icq em Ivkv ^mivs-dn-bn tpmen snøp- p. 3H2. DÆn _nkn-\-kv. 3I. Gen- p n ] fw sh Wn apcp-t m-en kvidn-bm- -A ai Cu hnhmlw snbvxp. kip-spw_w Ata-cn- -bn Pohn- p- p. 3J. {^m kokv ap - bw Ipf-Øp- tzh-kym- -G-en- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn knkn-ensb hnhmlw snbvxp. ae-bmfw πmt -j- \n tpmen Bbn-cp- p. dn -b snbvxp. cma-]p-cøv d_ _nkn-\kv snøp- p. Ggm-t cn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. 3J1. k y t]mfn a fn hnhmlw snbvxp. Xriq-cn Xma-kn- p- p. 3J2. kxojv {^m knkv (Ip- p) {]hn-øm\w thwm-sp-a- -Øn txma-kv- -B\n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cfb]p{Xn enpnsb hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p a ƒ. 1) ARvP\ 2) A 3) A k. 4. Ip p-ω hnhmlw Ign v Xma-kn-bmsX acn- p. a -fn-. `mcy ]p\ hn-hmlw snbvxp. 5. Hutk v sh n-bm-a w Rmh- n. 6. aømbn timgn-t msv sn{ºm Rmh- n adn-bmω `c-w-ßm\w ]me-a- -Øn Ipcp-hnf Ipcy hnhmlw snbvxp. 8. Ip ]ngiv Icn- m-ip-sn-bn Nm n hnhmlw snbvxp. Xmakw Icpw-Ip- w. 9. Gen- p n ao\- n hmbp-a- -Øn awn-b- nd Nmt m t{xkymω ZºXn-I-fpsS Cfb ai Nmt m hnhmlw snbvxp. Irjn. \mep a ƒ. 9A. Hutk- - (Fw.-kn. tpm-k-^v) Irjn. h n- nd henbim -\m v txmakv tdmk Zº-Xn-IfpsS aqø aiƒ tacnsb hnhmlw Ign v ]{ mw ssa Xd-hm p ho n Xma-kn- p- p. aq p a ƒ. 1) at\m-pv 2) dmwn 3) a p. 9A1. at\mpv (at\mpv tpmk^v) Fw.-sS-Iv., Fw.-_n.-F. Fd-Wm-Ipfw Xpcp-Øn- n tpm Pv- -en- n- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ kvanxsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ata-cn- -bn tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b-dmbn tpmen snøp- p. t^m a ƒ 1) In p (tpmk^v, 4 hb-kv) 2) tpm Pn (1 hb-kv) 9A2. dmwn (a p tpmk-^v) simgp-h-\m awn-b-ßm v txma-kv- -A- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cf-b-a-I tpm Pv hnhmlw snbvxp. Irjn-bm-Wv. c p a ƒ. 1) tjmw B tpm Pv (10 hb-kv, 5 mw m n ]Tn- p p) 2) sihn (A- p) H n ]Tn- p- p. 9A3. a p Fw.-kn.-F. Im n-cøm\w tamxn-cw-]-c-ºn txma-kv- -Nn- Ω Zº-Xn- I-fpsS ai tsmpn txmakv hnhmlw Ign- p. Cw - n tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b-dmbn tpmen snøp- p. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw (2 hb-kv) Hcp s]æpw (2 amkw). 481

7 9B. s]æω (t{x-kym-ω) Ff-ßpfw ap n-cn- m v aøm-bn-bpss aqø-a-i tuman-\niv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ct mƒ sxmsp-]pg s\sn-b-im-e-bn Xmakn- p- p. Irjn. \mep a ƒ. 9B1. emen sh n-bm-a w Ffp-t iw πmtøm- -Øn ]m - - -tacn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cf-b-a-I tpm Pv hnhmlw snbvxp. Irjn. c p a ƒ. 9B1a. Ãn 15 hb-kv. 10 ]Tn- p- p. 9B1b. acnb Bdn ]Tn- p- p. 9B2. tpmkv taep-im-hn \n- v hnhmlw Ign- p. Irjn. `mcy Pn kn. Hcp aiƒ t{xkym. c p hb-kv. 9B3. tpmjn IpSpw_Øn A -t\m-ssm w Irjn. 9B4. kvanx (Pq-en) ]T\w \n Øn. hnhm-lm-tem-n-\-i-fp-ambn Ign-bp- p. 9C. tacn (tacn-b-ω) ]T-\-Im-eØv A]-I-S-Øn acn- p-t]m-bn. 9D. tpmbn (sk-_m-ãy ) h n- nd henb Im -\m v txma-kv- -tdmk Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cf-b-]p{Xn sseksb hnhmlw Ign- p. Xriq Ff-\m v Xma-kn- p- p. Irjn-bm-Wv. acn- p-t]m-bn. c p a ƒ. 9D1. \oxp tpmbn _n.-f-kv.-kn. t\gvkv. 23 hb-kv. _mw q awn m tlmkv]n- -en tpmen snøp- p. 9D2. A\q]v tpmbn _n.-ss-iv., 21 hb-kv. ]co ]m m-bn. 482 Rmh n Nm n ^manen (IÆ Ipfw) Rmh- n Ips -dnb, `mcy tdm-kω. Ch v Bdp a ƒ. Ipcy, Nm n, Ip n, amωn, sxmω, amxyp. CXn c m-asø ai Nm n hnhmlw snbvxn-cn- p- Xv Rmh- n IÆw-Ip-fØv Ip-s -dn-b- -A- (]pxn-bnsw) ZºXn-I-fpsS aiƒ adn-b- p- n-sb-bm-wv. Ch v A p a ƒ. 1. k -dn-bmkv Rmh- n (Idn-bm- ) k -dn-bm-kns `mcy Xot mbn ]nso- eq- m- -a-dn-b p n (Iq -\m ) aiƒ tagvkn-bm-wv. hnemkw h n- nd ]n.-h. t^m : , samss_ : kj-dn-bmkv (kvidn-bm- ) Rmh- nbpw IpSpw-_hpw 1A. kmpn Ch-cpsS aqø-a-iƒ kmpnsb Be- pg ]p - msw (am-xyp- - X- -Ω) ai tpmkv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp aiƒ B tpmkv. Ch kip-spw_w Cw - n Xma-kn- p- p. t^m : B. {]oxn txmakv (U.K.) ap p-nnd sim p-im- - n tpm v- -ta-cn- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai-\mb npnsb hnhmlw snbvxn-cn- p- p. Ch IpSpw-_- k-taxw e -\n. Ch v Hcp ai sj hn. t^m :

8 1C. dh. ^m. tpm Pv sp. Rmh- n hnp-b-hmu hn sk jy k`bn sshzn-i-]-t\w \SØn Unkw-_-dn ]p-ø Ip _m\ A n p. XpS v BtLm-j-amb kzoi-c-w-k m-c-ßfpw D m-bncp- p. t^m : D. kxojv (AeIvkv Rmh- n, U.K.) tsman Ip n-bω sim p-]-d-ºn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai-fmb koasb ^m. tpm Pv tpmk^v Rmh n hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch IpSpw-_- k-taxw Ab e- n Ign-bp- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ tumwn-b. t^m tpmk^v Rmh- n Rmh- n Nm n- -a-dnb- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS c m-asø ai. 3. h n Rmh- n (h n- ) Rmh- n Nm n- adnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aq masø ai h n- am\-øq Ccp-th-en- p-t B -Wn- -A- (cma-]pcw ap -bv ) Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ eoem-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p a ƒ D v. t^m Rmh- n h n- \pw IpSpw-_hpw A. anen M.A., B.Ed. ]qh-øn-f v aw-ep- CS-hI awn-b-ßm v amxyp- -ta-cn- p n (sim-gp-h-\m txmw- -c- m-d) Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai tpmkv amxyp (Hu-tk- - ) hnhmlw snbvxp. anen Kh sa v kviqfn A ym-]n-i-bmbn tpmen snøp- p. Ch v c v a ƒ. t^m ) Aeo\ acnb tpmkv 2) AJn tpmkv 3B. UnPn tpm Pv Cf-b-a-I ]tc-x-\mb UnPn tpm Pv Rmh- n BWv. 4. tdmkω If- p-c-bv Rmh- n Nm n a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS GI-a-I-fmb tdmk- Ωsb ss]i If- p-cbv am-xyp- -amωn (Iq -\m ) Zº-Xn- I-fpsS ai Nmt m hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v A p a -fp- v. t^m A. jnpn ]qh-tømsv Ing-t -tøm w sxmω - -G-en- p- n ai tpmpn hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p a -fp- v. 1) txmakv 2) tp _v 4B. jnt m t\gvknwkv ]T\w ]q Øn-bm n tpmen snøp p. 4C. jnam kn. tdmkv 4D. jntpm t\gvknwkv hnzym n-bm-wv. 4E. {_. tp _v tum t_mkvtim k`-bn sshzni hnzym n-bm-wv. 5. Nm n (Ip- n- ) Rmh- n Rmh- n Nm n a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cfb ai-\mb Nm n (Ip- n- ) ]\- n- md aqim-cn-]-d-ºn txma-kv- -a-dnbw aiƒ X -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. t^m

9 Rmh- n Ip n-b- \pw (kn.-kn. AeIvkv ) IpSpw-_-hpw 5A. AtPjv t\gvknwkv ]T\w ]q Øn-bm- n. Ct mƒ ]mem-bn dnh hyq tdmun-ep \yqap\n-kn- timwπ-ivkn- Sb thƒuv F ÿm]\w \S-Øp- p. t^m B. Bj Icq Aºm- v txma-kv- -tdm-k-ω ai cmtpjv hnhmlw snbvxp. cmtpjv am - n\p kao]w amcpxn h v tjm v \S-Øp- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ. t^m aiƒ tdmj cmtp-jv. 5C. \nj t\gvknwkv ]T\w ]q Øn-bm n hntz-iøv tpmen t\m p p. 486 Rmh n Xd-hmSv imj Nqc-\m v IpSpw_w Rmh- n IpSpw-_-ÿm-]-I-\mb sndn-bm Ipcys aq masø ai Nm n ap p-nnd apcn- IpSpw-_-Øn \n pw hnhmln-x-\m-bn Xd-hm- n Øs Xma-kn- p. At±-l-Øn\v A m a- fpw c p s] a- fpw D m-bn-cp- p. aqø ai-sf- ]p-fn- p v Im n- epw c m-asø aisf ]mem-bn ]pxp- ntbepw (Im n ) IeymWw Ign- phn p. A m a -fn G hpw Cf-ba-I DXp v. At±-l-Øns BZy`mcy ]pfn- p v ]pø ]p-c-bn IpSpw-_mwKw. AXn HcmWpw c p s]æpw. s] a- ƒ 1) ]mem-bn sxcp-hn 2) ]mem ss]º- n-tb. ai Nm n Ing-t - -c-bn \n pw hnhmlnx-\mbn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. BZy-`mcy acn- p-t]m-b-xn-\m DXp v c m-a-xmbn txm -bv msp tnmxn-c- p-t simtßm-sn- \n v hnhmlw Ign v Nqc-\mt bv p amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Cu c mw hnhm-l-øn aq v B Ip- n-ifpw Hcp s] Ip- n-bp-ap mbn. aqø ai Hutk v ss]i ]pxn-bn-s-øp-\n pw hnhmlw snbvxv Nqc-\m- p-xs Xma-kn- p. c m-asø ai sndn-bm Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv Be- m- p-\n pw hnhmlw snbvxv B p-ip-t -tebv p amdn Xma-kn- p. aq masø ai Ipcy ]mem-bn s]mcp-t m-en \n v IeymWw Ign v tn\- m-em-bn Xma-kn p. c mw hnhm-l-ønse GI-a- Isf ]mem-bn ]S-hn IeymWw Ign- p. Nqc-\m p Xma-kn Hutk- n\v Hcp ai am{xw. DXp- v. At±lw IpS-am-fq B p-am-en \n p (I.-\n.-aq-.k. amwn- -Ø- \m-cpss ktlm-zcn) adn-bsø IeymWw Ign p. Xd-hm- n Xmakn p. At±-l-Øn\v F m a- fpw c p s] a- fpw D m-bn. 1. DXp v Hutk v DXp v- -a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS H m-asø ]p{x Hutk v sndp- -Øn Øs \ncym-x-\m-bn. ]nxmhv DXp pw BZy- ]p-{x\pw Htc Znhkw acn- p-ibpw Htc Znh-kw-Xs Icq ] n-bn `uxn-iico-c-߃ kwkvi-cn- p-ibpw snbvxp. 487

10 2. DXp v aømbn (a-ø- ) 85 hb-kv. P\\w I msv am ohm ] n-bn kwkvi-cn- p. `mcy adn-bm-ω. sh n-aq-g-bn. ]b- m. acww (]u-tem-bpss aiƒ). 87 hb-kv. I msv am ohm ] n-bn kwkvi-cn- p. a ƒ 2A. tpmk^v amxyp (Ip-t - v) tpmk^v amxyphpw `mcy t{xkym-ωbpw 87 hb-kv. `mcy t{xkymω tpmk^v 79 hb-kv. sndn-bxv tpmk^n(ip utk v)s bpw adnbw tpmk^v (IpS - nd IpSpw-_mw-Kw) Iq p- thg-ßm-\-øns bpw aiƒ. a ƒ 2A1. si. tpmbn tpmk^v (am-xyp) _n.-f-kv.-kn. F Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv (dn-. Akn-Ã v FIvkn-Iyq- ohv F Pn-\o-b, ]n. Uªyp.-Un.) hnhmlw `mcy t{xkymω tpm (h k-ω) _n.-f-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv (dn-. So, sk v tpm Pv sslkviqƒ, apx-e-t m-sw, sxmsp-]p-g.) -h n tpmwn-s bpw Gen- p n tpmwn(-s\-sp-ßm-sv, sf m-d, Imh- m-sv, I q m-sv)-s bpw aiƒ. a ƒ 2A1a. Zo]m tpmbn _n.-ss-iv. tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b. _mw q. P\\w hnhmlw ` Ømhv t_mkv sk_m-ãy 488 _n.-ss-iv.- H-gp-I-bn G p-am-\q AXn-c-ºp-g. tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b, _mw q. P\\w G p-am-\q Hgp-Ibn H.-kn. sk_m-ãy-s bpw ^ntem-an\m sk_m-ãy-s bpw ai. 2A1b. Zo]vXn tpmbn _n.-ss-iv. P\-\w tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b. n.kn.-f-kv. snss. 2A1c. A_p tpmbn (A- p) _n.-ss-iv tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b, C t^mkn-kv, _mw q. 2A2. tum. adn-bmω tpmk^v Fw.-_n.-_n.-F-kv., Fw.-Un. Ipssh- n tpmen snøp- p. P\\w hnhmlw 1980 \hw-_dn. BZy-` Ømhv ]tc-x-\mb kæn txmakv I -d-bv. acww Ipdp-aÆv sk v tpm kv ] n-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Ipdp-aÆv I -d-bv (Ip-º-fm- ) txmakn(sxm-ω- )-s bpw t{kkω(tam-\n- p- n)-bp-ssbpw ai-\m-wv. c mw ` Ømhv tpm Pv txmakv (cmpp) 59 hbkv, _n.-f-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. Ipºg I -Øn Ic txmakv tpm n-s bpw AΩp- p- n-bp-ssbpw ai. hnhmlw 1991 Pqsse. tacn-b-ω-bpss BZy-hn-hm-l-Øn-ep ai. 2A2a. A\ojv kæn txmakv _n.-ss-iv. 25 hb-kv, _mw q-cn tpmen snøp- p. 2A3. tamfn tpmk^v _n.-f-kv.-kn. t\gvknw-kv. 55 hb-kv. hnhmlw Pq ` Ømhv ]n.-sp. txmakv sh q- p-t ]pxn-bm-]-d-ºn Iq n-. 56 hb- v. sh q- p-t ]pxn-bm-]-d-ºn tpmk^n-s bpw t{xkym-ω-bp-ssbpw ai-\m-wv. a ƒ 2A3a. hn n _n.-ss-iv. 24 hb-kv. tkm^v vshb F Pn-\o-b, ssivt\m- ]m v, {Snhm {Uw. 2A3b. hn kn Fw.-F-kv.-kn. ]T\w. 2A3c. tsmw πkv Sphn\v ]Tn- p- p. 489

11 2A4. eqkn tpmk^v _n.-f-kv.-kn. t\gvknw-kv hnhmlw Pqsse Ata-cn- -bn tpmen snøp- p. ` Ømhv A{_mlw s\spw- X-InSn (A-hn-cm- ) sat{sm sdbn knãw, \yqtbm v. s\spw-x-in-sn, simc- n, Fcp-taen kvidn-b-mbp-ssbpw tam\n bp-ssbpw ai-\m-wv. 2A4a. A_n bp.-f-kv.-f. ]T-\w. 20 hb-kv. 2A4b. Ae bp.-f-kv.-f. ]T-\w. 17 hb- v. 2A5. tpmkv tpmk^v P\\w s^{_p-hcn hb- v. Ipssh- n tpmen snøp p. hnhmlw G{]n 1989 (Hm-t msamss_ F Pn- \o-b ) `mcy tacn- p n tpmkv _n.-f., _n.-f-uv., 48 hb-kv. GZ ]ªnIv kviqƒ, hmgq. tn p-txmsv Ie-b-Øm-\m-Ip-gnbn A{_m-l-Øn-s bpw t{xkym-ω-bp-ssbpw ai-fm-wv. a ƒ 2A5a. {]nb m tpmkv +2 hn\p ]Tn- p- p. 16 hb-kv. 2A5b. Sn nƒ tpmkv sslkviq-fn ]Tn- p- p. 14 hb-kv. 2A6. sken tpmk^v _n.-f-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. 46 hb-kv. P\\w sk]v w-_ DtZymKw ktx sdbn th He-h-t m-sv. `mcy tpmw tpmk-^v Fw.-F., 46 hb-kv. HmXd ]pxp-]-d-ºn s\sp-ipw w ]n.-sp. tpmk-^ns bpw adn-bm-ω-bp-ssbpw ai. a ƒ 2A6a. Acp tpmw πkvsp hnzym n. 2A6b. ssa nƒ tpmw sslkviqƒ hnzym n. 2A6c. t]mƒ ]T\w. 2A6d. Fen-k-_Øv ]T-\w A7. _o\m tpmk^v Fw.-F-kv.-kn. 43 hb-kv. P\\w P\p-hcn hnhmlw 1990 s^{_p-hcn. alm-flm-km n bqwn-th-gvkn- n-bn \n pw sian-kv{sn-bn ^Ãv dm v t\sn-bn- p- v. d_ t_m Uv Im n-c- - n-bn tpmen t\m p p. ` Ømhv tpmk^v _n.-f., _n.-f-uv. 44 hb-kv. ]me{º kviqfn A ym-]n-i-bm-wv. ]me{º Xq pgn-bn tpmk-^n-s bpw t{xkym-ω-bp-ssbpw ai- -\m-wv. a ƒ 2A7a. tpm_n πkv Sp hnzym n. 2A7b. sfhn ]T\w. 2A7c. acn-b v ]T-\w. 2A7d. amxyp ]T-\w. 2A7e. Fan ]T-\w. 2A8. Nmt m- sp. Rmh- n P\\w 1967 Pqsse Fw.-tImw., Fw.-^n. Ip n- m-\øv a an timtf-pn A ym-]-i-\m-wv. 40 hb-kv. hnhmlw \hw-_ `mcy tum. Umen spbnwkv Fw.-_n.-_n.-F-kv. (H^vXm tam-f-pn), 39 hb-kv, sk v tpmk^v tlmkv]n- s]m Ip w, I q msv hmfn-bw-πm- Nmt m- -B-\okv aiƒ. a ƒ 2A8a. sim p-t{xkym 9 hb-kv, ]T-\w. 2A8b. Pntbm-hm\n 7 hb-kv, ]T-\w. 2A8c. Zo]m Pqen 5 hb-kv, ]T-\w. 2A8d. Znhym Pqen 5 hbkv, ]T-\w. 491

12 2A9. ^nen- - sp. Rmh- n 37 hbkv (^n-en- - ) hnhmlw s^{_p-hcn `mcy enpn. 29 hb-kv. Nmaw-]-Xm Nq\m v txmakv (A- - )- tdm-kω aiƒ. a ƒ 2A9a. dnb ]T-\w, A p hb-kv. 2A9b. tdman ]T\w, c p hb-kv. 2A10. kjdn-bm- sp. Rmh- n 34 hb-kv, P\-\w hnhmlw G{]n Pnj 30 hb-kv. Icq Rmh- n ]pø ]pc Ge-Ω- -tpm Pv aiƒ. B. t]mƒ Fw. Rmh n (Ip v) Rmh n Nqc-\m v DXp p aøm-bnbpss c masø ]p{x-\mb Ip v (t]mƒ Fw. Rmh n) P\n- p XnS-\mSv sk v tpmk-^v t]mƒ Fw. Rmh- nbpw `mcy A mω t]mfpw ] n-bn-s-hi Nn - -\m v C.V. tzh-kym-bp-ssbpw CS-a- Øv ap m- p-nq -bn t{xkym-ω-bp-ssbpw aiƒ A m-ωsb hnhmlw Ign p. Ip v sse^v C jp-d kv tim -tdj Hm^v C Uy-bpsS tim bw {_m n Uh-e-]vsa v Hm^o-k Bbn-cp p. tpmen-bn \n pw dn -b snbvxp. Ct mƒ tim bøv Xma-kn- p- p. Ip v A- mω Zº-Xn- Iƒ v \mev B a- fpw Hcp ai-fp-ap- v. hnemkw : t]mƒ Fw. Rmh- n,- Iogp p v, If-Ivt{S- v ]n.-h., tim -bw, t^m B1. Ddp-aokv (F. ]n. amxyp) B.Sc P\n- p. ]q m sk v tacokv ] n-bn-s-hi Cu pw-πm- ]n.-si. tpm ns aiƒ s kn B.Sc.sb hnhm-lw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. Hcp ai\pw Hcp aifpw. Ddpaokv si.-f-kv.-b.-sn.-kn-bn \n p dn -b snbvxv Ct mƒ Imf-sI- n-bn Xma-kn- p- p. hnemkw : F.-]n. amxyp Rmh- n, Imf-sI n ]n.-h., Im n-c- - n. B1a. t_mwn amxyp B.Sc. Electronics e -\n tpmentbmssm w e bqwn-thgvkn nbn ]Tn- p-ibpw snøp- p. B1b. B sfdn amxyp M.S.W. B2. tagvkn B.Sc P\n- p. Xot mbn sk v tacokv ] n-bn-shi R w-]pg amxyp-hns ai tkma amxyp B.Sc. hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p s] a- ƒ. tkma amxyp tã v _m v Hm^v C Uy-bn No^v amt\-pcmbn Fd-Wm- Ip-fØv tpmen snøp- p. ]mem-cn-h- Øv Xma-kn- p- p. hnemkw: tagvkn tkma, lukv \º 139, t\xmpn tdmuv, ]p-d-øn-]sw sebv, ]t m-h- w, sim n 24, t^m B2a. tum. A p tkma B.D.S. Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv sh -b-ºew sk v ]ot gvkv bmt m- _n v kndn-b Hm Ø-tUmIvkv ] n-bn-s-hi sndp-h-øq kn.sp. cmp-s bpw kqk Beokv h o-kn-s bpw ai tum. tdm tuhnuv tdmpv M.B.B.S. hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch c p-t]cpw tpmen-bmbn ]mem-cn-h- Øv hosp-hmßn Xma-kn- p- p. B2b. A kp tkma F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv hnzym n B3. cmpp (sk_m-ãy t]mƒ) B.Com P\n- p. tn p-, ]mfbw ] n... æmhn si.-fw. amxyp-hn-s bpw Ip m-c- n Nn -Ω-bp-sSbpw aiƒ euen(m.com.)sb hnhmlw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. Hcp s]æpw 493

13 Hcm-Wpw. c p-t]cpw kviqƒ hnzym n-i-fm-wv. cmpp-hn\v Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv _nkn-\kv BWv. Ah AhnsS hosp-h v Xma-kn- p- p. hnemkw: sk_m-ãy t]mƒ, Rmh- n, F^v 15 16, Ccp-º\w ]n.-h., sim n. t^m , B4. jmpn t]mƒ jmpn P\n- p. tim -bøv \mk-º-søv Imcn-a w si.-fw. tpmk-^ns aiƒ do\(b.a.)sb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ah v c p a ƒ (Cc- -I-fm-Wv). HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. ai tlm amt\-pvsa n\pw aiƒ B.Sc. t\gvkn-ßn\pw ]Tn- p- p. jmpn v _nkn-\- m-wv. do\ Cw ojv aounbw kviqfn ]Tn- n- p- p. tim -bømwv Xma-kn- p- Xv. hnemkw: jmpn t]mƒ, Rmh-f-fn Iogp- p- v, If-Ivt{S v ]n.-h., tim -bw. t^m , B5. kmhp (tpmkv t]mƒ) B.Com P\n- p. IpS-am-fq hn q n ] n-bn-s-hi t]cm{º amxyp-hns aiƒ Pqen(M.A., M.Ed.)sb hnhmlw Ign- p. Hcp ai. kviqƒ hnzym n-bm-wv. kmhp tã v _m v Hm^v C Uy-bn {_m v amt\-p-cmbn ssi\-sn-bn tpmen snøp- p. Pqen Nß-\m-t»cn sslkviq-fn ]Tn- n- p- p. Nß-\m-t»-cn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. hnemkw: tpmkv t]mƒ, {_m v amt\-p, tã v _m v Hm^v C Uy, ssi\-sn. t^m Nqc-\m v Rmh n (I msv) aø s aq m-asø ai C. kn.-fw. tzhky (P\\w ) aø- iqc-\m- ns aq m-asø ]p{x. ] n-cp-th-en (Im n-c- n) ]n.-]n. kvidnbm tacn sh n-bm v (Nß- \m-t»cn) aiƒ ] n-b-ωsb (P\\w ) hnhmlw Ign- p. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw Ip n-iƒ. ]T-\-tijw Ipd- p- Imew Imf-sI n sslkviq-fn ]Tn- n- -tijw sdbn thbn DtZymKÿ\mbn. \nbaw ]Tn- -tijw ]e-bn-søpw 494 {]mivsokv snbvxp dn -b snbvxv He-h-t m p Xmak-am- n \ncym-x-\m-bn. a ƒ C1. ip` tp _v P\\w _m v Hm^v _tdm-u-bn tpmen snøp p. s\spw- p w Ipºp-fp-ho- n Iym]v C.-kn. tp _v hnhmlw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. 1) Acp tp _v (P\\\w ) 2) A\q]v tp _v (P\\w ). C2. kn hn amxyp P\\w Iºyq- F Pn-\o-b-dmbn Ata-cn- -bn tpmen snøp- p. `mcy a\-bv Fw.-]n. tzh-kym- -ta-cn- p n ]qh-øn- aiƒ jm kn. Ch v c p Ip -niƒ. 1) sihn (P-\\w ) 2) sdhn (P-\\w ). c p-t]cpw Ata-cn- -bn kviqƒ ]T\w \S-Øp- p. aø s \mem-asø ai D. Nqc-\m v Nmº- Xq pgn Ge-Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. \mep a ƒ. Hcp ai\pw aq p s] a- -fpw \ncym-x-\m-bn. D1. tdmbv tp _v Rmh-f-fn s]m Ip- w. D2. _ntpm AeIvkv M.Sc., B.Ed. \ºym-]-d-ºn, ]q m- v, hmg- p-fw. d t_m Uv DtZym- Kÿ. t^m : D3. B\n tpmkv sim w-]-d-ºn apf- m-\w, Xmb- -cn, Nº- p-fw. t^m : D4. doøm kp\n ]pø ISp- n, Ipa-fn. t^m : aø s s] a- ƒ E. A Ω Ct -jykv sh -cn-ßm v sslkviqƒ sluvan-kv{s-kv. Ct -jykv hnhmlw snbvxp. IS-\m v Xma-kn- p- p. t^m :

14 F. Gen- p n Gen- p- nsb ]pxp-a\ A - hnhmlw snbvxp. sh nbm-a- Øv Xma-kn- p- p. G. adn-b- p n ] n-cp-th-en A - IeymWw Ign- p. s]m Ip- Øv Xma-kn- p- p. t^m : DXp v a-dnbw ZºXn-I-fpsS aq m-asø ai 3. Nm n Rmh- n DXp v txmakv (sxm-ω- ) Rmh- n Nqc-\m v I msv ]mem Icq Rmh- n Nqc-\m p Xd-hm- n \n pw sxmω- F p hnfn- p DXp v txmakv Im n-c- n I msv CS-h-I-bn s s\sn-b-]m-e-bn, πmi-\m ta m v Ipcy - -A Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cf-b aiƒ tdmksb (Ip- -tdm-x) hnhmlw snbvxp Xma-k-am- n. I msp ] n-bpss \n Ωm- W-Øn Ct±lw kpo-h-ambn ]s -Sp-Øp. CS-h-Ibn hn sk v Unt]mƒ ÿm]n- -h-cn {]ap-j\pw ac-ww-hsc kpo-h-{]-h Ø-I-\p-am-bn-cp- p am v 18 \v 67 mw hbn sxmω- \pw 1986 P\p-hcn 5 \v 80 mw hb-kn Ip tdm-xbpw Znhw-K-X-cm-bn. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v ]Øp a ƒ. 3A. amωn (s]-æ-ω) sxmω- - -Ip- -tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aqø aiƒ s]æω F p hnfn- p amωnsb I msv sxmgp-øp- -h-b-en h n- -G-en-bmΩ ai si.-hn. tpmk^v (Ip- v) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch Fcp-taen sh q- n-d-bn Xma-k-am- n am v 21 \v Ip v \ncym-x-\m-bn. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v A p a ƒ. 3A1. sken I msv Rmh- n tn\- m-em-bn kvidn-bm- -A- mω ai F.-F-kv. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm- n- p- v) hnhmlw snbvxp. a ƒ 496 3A1a. kvidnbm Ae-Ivkm- (I-dn-bm- ) hmi- msv Np - p-c-bv Ip n- - -s]-æω aiƒ tdmkvansb hnhmlw snbvxp. I msv Xma-kw. Ch v aq p a ƒ. 3A1b. ssj\n awn-ae πm m v Cu - - -t{kkn ai _m_p hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p Ip n-iƒ. 3A1c. an\n Nº- pfw Ih-e-bv tpmk^v hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p Ip n-iƒ. 3A1d. kpan Ggp-]p ]md-bn tpm v Xc-I hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p Ip n-iƒ. 3A2. F kω ]mxm-ºpg πmtøm- -Øn amxyp- -F kω ai ]n.- n. amxyp (A- - ) hnhmlw snbvxp. \mep a ƒ. 3A2a. jo_ ssi\sn ]p mswam tpmkv hnhmlw snbvxp. c p Ip n-iƒ. 3A2b. tdmbn aq n-ehv AΩn-bm-\n- jo\sb hnhmlw snbvxp. c p Ip n-iƒ. 3A2c. bap\ tim bw Icn- m- -d-ºn s_ n hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp Ip n-bp-ap- v. 3A2d. o\ Ipafn Xpcp-Øn-a w tpmk-^v- -sp n ai spbvtam hnhmlw snbvxp. _mw q Xma-kw. 3A3. tpm Pv tpmk^v (hm-h- ) Xot mbn h n- m- n tsmw -en- n- p n aiƒ KoXsb hnhmlw snbvxp. sh q- n-d-bn Xma-kw. Ch v c p a ƒ. 497

15 3A3a. Iym]v Intjm ssx m- p-t»cn Aø-\m- p-]m-d-bn t]mƒ Xc-I ai dn phns\ hnhmlw snbvxp. Intjm jn n tpmen snøp p. Hcp Ip n. A. 3A3b. Ir] Im n-c- n sim w-ipfw amøp- p n ai tpm Pv amxyp hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp aiƒ temd. 3A4. txmakv tpmk^v (txm-am- ) Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv Nn -bv m v kn.-kn. tpmk^v aiƒ tdmknensb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch sh q- ndbnep Xd-hm p ho n Xma-kw. c p Ip n-iƒ. 1) caym 2) crvpnxv 3A5. h kω amωqsv Bim-cn-]-d-ºn Nmt m- - -tdm-kω ai _m_p tp _v hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v aq p a ƒ. 1) c-rvpnxv (`mcy Pqen) \yqtbm v 2) tcmlnxv 3) {Sok. 3B. Nn Ω sxmω- - -Ip- -tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS c m-asø aiƒ Nn Ωsb ap p-nnd apc- Nm n-øp-cn-tø amø- - - A ai kn.-fw. tpmk^v (Hu-tk- - ) hnhmlw snbvxp am v 31 \v Hutk- - \ncym-x-\m-bn. Bdp a ƒ. 3B1. _m_p tpmk^v `mcy Ipa-cIw sh et»cn-bn Ipcy - -F kω aiƒ sken. aq p Ip n-iƒ. 1) tkm\p _m_p 2) kæn _m_p 3) km n _m_p 3B2. tsman tpmk^v `mcy ssh w DZ-b-\m-]pcw awn- msw (h-cm-ø-d) Hutk- - t{x-kymω aiƒ sim p-dm-wn. aiƒ A\o\ B kn txma-kv. ]Tn- p- p. 3B3. kn.-sp. tpmkv (So- ) `mcy ssh w ]g-b-i-s-hn CS-h-gn-Ød tpmk-^v- -G-en- p n aiƒ sdpo\ (F.-sF.-kn. Hm^o-k ). ai {]n kn sp. apcn- (hn-zym n) 498 3B4. tpm p-ip n bp.-f-kv.-f. `mcy Adp-\q- n-aw-kew s\sp-tßm- n B -Wn- -t{x-kymω aiƒ tj fn bp.-f-kv.-f. ai - -jntpm tpm Pv apcn- bp-.f-kv.-f-bn ]Tn- p p. 3B5. B\n-bΩ tn Øe hb-em ]n m-en CS-Øn Ipcy - -A ai amxyp IeymWw Ign- p. aiƒ B amxyp. ]Tn- p- p. 3B6. an\n KqU- q Im-cn- m- n (C- n- -d-ºn ) h - - -A- Ω ai en k tpm Pv hnhmlw snbvxp. Hdo-k, kmº qcn Xma-kn- p- p. Ip n-iƒ. 1) \o\ B en k 2) \n n en k. 3C. kn. n. tpmk^v DXp v txma-kn-s bpw Ip -tdm-x-bp-ssbpw B a- -fn aqø ai kn.- n. tpmk^v (]m- q- n) 1967 ae-_m tahe-bn s Be-t msv Ip m-]-d-ºn-te v IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xma-k-am- n. Im n-c- n B\- v I -d-bv A p- n-bmwv `mcy. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v A p a ƒ BKÃv 2 \v ]m q n \ncym-x-\m-bn. a ƒ 3C1. Nmt m- (tp- _v tpmkv) Ir-jn. ]m q- n-bpss aqø-a-i Nmt m- hb-\msv Npt Xma-kw. `mcy B\n N \m v kn.-b. \nt m-fm-kv- -tacn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai-fm-wv. si.-si.-hn.-kn. skmssk n Ip -º- -bn sk{i- -dn-bmbn tpmen snøp-i-bm-wv B\n. Ch v c p Ip n-iƒ. hnemkw tp _v tpmkv Rmh -n, Np ]n.-h. hb-\m-sv. t^m C1a. tdmbn- dne-b kv s]t{sm-fnbw t{]mp-ivsn sf.- n. kt m v F Pn- \o-b-dmbn timgnt m p tpmen snøp- p. 3C1b. tpmkv _n.-f. amkv Iayq-Wn-t -j ]Tn- p- p. 499

16 3C2. tpm-bnkv (txmakv tpmk-^v) Irjn. Ip m-]-d-ºn Xma-kn- p- p. sxm n mew ]qxw- ]m-d-bn If-Øq A - -s bpw A -Ω-bp-sSbpw aiƒ tagvkn-bmwv `mcy. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v c p a ƒ. 3C2a. jo_ sk v tpm kv saun- timtfpv, _mw- q. 3C2b. tpmwn hnzym n hn-emkw txmakv tpmk^v Rmh- n, Ip m-]-dºv ]n.-h., Be-t m-sv, IÆq. t^m C3. kmen hne-ßmsv txm -\m v tpmk-^v- -A- Ω ai tuman-\niv tpmkv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq m Ip- n-iƒ. aqhcpw hnzym n-iƒ. 3C3a. A\q]v tpmkv 3C3b. Zneo]v tpmkv 3C3c. AJn tpmkv 3C4. A - (tpmkv tpmk-^v) dopn-b-w ayqknbw Hm^v \m p-d lnãdn kn m \K ssakq F ÿm]-\-øn tpmen snøp-i-bm-wv. Xriq ]pxp- msv IÆ-\m-bn- si.-hn. h Ko-kn-s bpw doøm-ω-bp-ssbpw ai-fmb tamfn-bmwv `mcy. ti{μob hnzymebw kn m \K ssakq-dn A ym-]n-i-bmwv tamfn. hnemkw tpmkv tpmk-^v, \º 12/28, sk Uv timkv, kmin \K, ssakq t^m C4a. APbv ssakq sk {S kviqfn ]Tn- p -p. 3C4b. A\o 3C5. kn_n (tpm tpmk-^v) ]m q- n-bpss Cf-b-a-I-\mb kn_n Ip m-]-d-ºn-ep Xd-hm- n amxmhv A - p- n-bp-samøv IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xma-kn- p- p. `mcy ssj\n Imk tkmuv Pn -bn amtemw 500 Be m v ]m - -s bpw tacn- p- n-bp-ssbpw ai-fm-wv. Ip niƒ aq pt-]cpw hnzym n-i-fm-wv. hnemkw Rmh- n ]n.h., Ip m-]-d-ºv, Be-t m-sv, IÆq. 1) dnbm-tamƒ 2) tdml 3) tdmh 3D. kn. s]em-pnb (G-e-n p- n) sxmω- - -Ip- -tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS s] a- -fn aq masø ai-fmb Gen- p- n 1953 mc-a-t-øn tn p. kn. s]em-pnb F t]cp kzoi-cn- p. Im n-c- n cq]- X-bn tkh-\-a-\p-jvtn- p- p. hnemkw kn. s]em-pnb F^v.-kn.-kn., s{]mhn jy lukv ( m-cn-ãv), s]msn-a- w. t^m E. txmakv Ipcy sxmω- - -Ip- -tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS B a- -fn c ma-\mb Ipcym- F p-hn-fn- p txmakv Ipcy I msv s\sn-b-]m-e-bn Xma-kn- p- p. Nß-\m-t»cn Hf» H.-hn. txma-kn-s bpw Gen- p- n-bp-ssbpw aiƒ s]m -Ω-bmWv `mcy. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v \mep a ƒ. 3E1. Ãm en Ipcy kuzn Atd-_y-bn tpmen snøp- p. `mcy tpmpn Im nc- n Icn- m- p-]-d-ºn aøm-bn- - -B-\n-bΩ Zº-Xn-IfpsS ai-fm-wv. aq p a ƒ. aqhcpw hnzym n-iƒ. 1) sadn 2) A\n 3) tdmkn 3E2. kn hn Xº-e-bv msv tx pw-txm- -Øn h - - -G-en- p n Zº- Xn-I-fpsS ai cmpp tpm Pv kn hnsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Xº-e-bv msv Xma-kw. Ip n-iƒ aq p-t]. 1) Ae 2) AP 3) Aa-ep. 3E3. knωn Nmaw-]-Xm Idp-I- pfw (ap-f-bv ) aø- - -t{x-kymω ai jmpn hnhmlw snbvxp. Ip n-iƒ c p-t]. 1) ssdok 2) sss kv 501

17 3E4. kn p hmi- msv Np - p-c-bv Nmt m- - -tacn ai tkmwn hn-hmlw snbvxp. Ip- n-iƒ c p-t]. 1) krvpbv 2) krvpohv 3F. txmakv txmakv (Ip- -Ω- ) I msv s\snb]m-e-bn-ep Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. `mcy Ad pfw ssaem-sq ]pø I w h n Nmt m (Ip v) tacn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aqø- a-iƒ X -Ω-bm-Wv. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v \mep a ƒ tabv 20 mw XobXn Ip - Ω \ncym-x-\m-bn. 3F1. tsmwn txmakv (tsm-an) Fcp-tacn simc n Poc-I-Øn Ahn-cm- Kpem_n Zº-Xn- I-fpsS aiƒ \nj-bmwv `mcy. Ip n-iƒ c p-t]. 1) tsmwn tsmw 2) Aaep B txmakv hnzym n-iƒ. 3F2. ^m. tpm Pv txmakv (k-æn) KpP-dm-Øn tpmen snøp- p. 3F3. tpmkv txmakv (_- m-\n) kntbm am - nwkv Iº\n aw Im-Sv, tim -bw. aw ImSv ameøv kntbm am - nwkv F ÿm]\w \S-Øp- p. ameøv IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xma-kw. `mcy hnf- p-amsw Ip - Øp-]p-c-bnSw txmωm- G-en- p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ tpmfn. c p-t]cpw ]Tn- p- p. 1) anep A tpmkv 2) Pnep tpmkv. 3F4. kj-dn-bmkv txmakv (I-dn-bm- ) Cw - n-ep kpsk-ivkn tpmen snøp- p. `mcy arvppj (bp-.si.) ]pfn- p v ]pc-bv ]n.-si. amxyp (a-ø- - - F k Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{xn-bm-wv. 3G. A mω sxmω- Ip tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS \mem-asø aiƒ A m-ωsb `c-w-ßm\w agp-h-t -cn Fw.-kn. tp _v (]m- q- ) hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v \mep a ƒ G1. tj en ]mzph If- p-c-bv amxyp sndn-bm - -G-en-bmΩ ai tpm Pv (Ip ptam ) hnhmlw snbvxp. ai tpmtam. 3G2. tpma Nme- psn sh n- p-f-ßc hsm-t»-cn tem\- ai tpmbn hnhmlw snbvxp. ai tpm_n. 3G3. dq_n Nº- c CS-bm-Sn-bn h Ko-kv- -X- Ω ai kn_n- hnhmlw snbvxp. c p-t]cpw Ata-cn- -bn tpmen snøp p. Ip n-iƒ 1) sjdn 2) F_n. 3G4. Nmt m- ]qh-cwn Imhpw-]p- -døv Beo-kns\ hnhmlw snbvxp. 3H. txmakv k -dn-bmkv (I-dn-bm- ) sxmω- - -Ip-s m-tdmx Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cfb ai-\mb Idnbm- _mw q `mcxv Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wn-Ivkn tpmen snbvxph-csh 1972 BKÃv 10 mw Xo-bXn \ncym-x-\m-bn. I msv CShI ] n-bn ih-kw-kvimcw \S-Øn. `mcy GeΩ tim bw thfq tas-bv Fw.-sF. txma-kv- -G-en-bmΩ Zº-Xn-IfpsS ai-fm-wv. aq p Ip n-iƒ. 3H1. s_ n kj-dn-bmkv (_n.-c. C kv{sp-sa-t -j ) `mcy eo\bpw a -fp-samøv _mw q-cp IpSpw-_-ho- n Xmakn- p- p. amfntb- Fw.-]n. txma-kv- -h k Zº-Xn- I-fpsS ai-fmwv eo\ M.A., M.Ed. a ƒ hnzym n-iƒ. Address: Benny Zacharias, No. 78, 3 rd Cross, Sunder Nagar, Gokula, Bangalore , Ph: , ) Znhym s_ n kj-dn-bmkv 2) dnb s_ n kj-dn-bm-kv. 3H2. dmwn s_ n sk_m-ãy M.A., B.Ed. Im -ßmSv awn-ae Itcm v X Ω txmakv sk_m-ãy ai s_ n sk_m-ãy F.-Un.-F., _n.-f-kv.-kn., sp.f.-bp. hnhmlw snbvxp. _mw q-cn Xma-kn- p- p. a ƒ 1) s_ n txmakv 2) \nanj s_ n txma-kv. 503

18 Address: Rani Benny Sebastian, No. 48, Ist Cross, CIL Layout, R.T. Nagar Post, Bangalore Ph: , H3. kp\n kj-dn-bmkv _n.-c. Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wn-Ivkv. IpSpw-_-k-taXw _mw q-cn Xmakw. `mcy s]cp-ºm-hq ]p p-hgn ]n.-pn. t]mƒ tdm-kω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ kp\n. _n.-ssiv Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wn-Ivkv. Address: Sunil Zacharias, Flat No. 204/205, IInd Floor, II Block, RMV Clusters, Phase II Lottegolle Hallit#, RMV 4 th Stage, Bangalore. a ƒ 1) AJne kp\n kj-dn-bmkv 2) AYnYn kp\n kj-dn-bm-kv. 3I. tdmkω Rmh n Iq m-\øv h n- -a-dn-b- p n ai sndn-bm- hnhmlw Ign- p. sxmsp-]pg as- -Øm-\Øv Ch Xma-kn- p- p. F p a ƒ. 3I1. sskn XnS-\mSv sf c Nmt m- - -a-dn-b- p n ai txm-akv hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p a ƒ. 1) n\p 2) n p 3) n kn 3I2. euen ss] pfw {_ -Ip-fØv dmt^ - -a-dnbw ai tkhy (tkh) hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp aiƒ tcjva. 3I3. dn n ]qh-cwn tim m v tpmk-^v- -G-en- p n ai tpm Pv (tpmpn) hnhmlw snbvxp. _mw q-cn Xma-kw. c p a ƒ. 1) Bjv\ 2) kvt\l. 3I4. do\ hmg- pfw s\ n- p-t tpmk-^v- -tacn ai kn_n hnhmlw snbvxp. Ipssh- n Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. 1) sadn 2) tpm Pn 3I5. do_ kw{im n s]cp-ºm-bn- m v Np -I-tcm v ^nen- v- -a-dnbw ai at\mpv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ipssh- n tpmen snøp- p. c p a ƒ. 1) ^nen v 2) Itcmƒ 504 3I6. an\n Ipcy-\mSv a -Øn PnΩn- en n ai tpmb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ipssh- n Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. 1) Pnw 2) \ntbm-w 3I7. tpmkv ( n-tpm) Fw.-kn.-F. Fd-Wm-Ipfw Xe-h-b-en ssi πm- aø- - -en- n- p n aiƒ {]n knsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch _mw qcn Xma-kn- p- p. 3I8. tsman sndn-bm (txm-am- ) Iq m\w F.-F.-_n. Fw._n.Fbv p ]Tn p- p. 3J. kn. skdm-^nb (Ip- -Ω) 1963 {^m kn-kvi mc at-øn tn v kn. skdm- ^nb F t]cp kzoi-cn- p. Im n-c- n cq]-x-bn tkh- \-a-\p-jvtn- p- p. hnemkw kn. skdm-^nb F^v.-kn.-kn., mcnãv tim sh v, Fcp-ta-en. t^m Ipcy simgp-h-\m sh ph-b-en C n-b-hn-c- -A Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aq m-asø aiƒ A - p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxv AΩ adn-b-tømspw Cfb ktlm-zc h n- \pw H w Xd-hm- n Nqc-\m v Ipcym- \pw `mcy A - p- nbpw 505 Xma-kn- p. Ipcym- \v A v s] a- fpw c m a- fpw D v. 30 h j- mew h n- \pw IpSpw-_-hp-samØv Nqc-\m p Xd-hm- n Øs Xmakn- -Xn-\p-tijw 1971 hmi-a- -Øn ]pc-]-wnxv Xmakw

19 am n HIvtSm-_ 12 \v A - p n \ncym-x-bm-bn am v 15 \v 96 masø hb n Ipcym- \pw \ncym-x-\m-bn. 4A. kn. CΩm- p-te v (-tn- -Ω) 1938 P\n- p. sslkviqƒ hnzym- `ymkw ]q Øn-bm- n-b-xn-\p-tijw cma-]pcw I Ω-eoØm at-øn tn v 1957 tabv 27 \v k`m-hkv{xw kzoi-cn- p. XpS v t\gvknwkv ]Tn p ]mkm-b-xn-\p-tijw Im n-c- n 26 Bip-]-{Xn, XpS-ß-\mSv F n-hn-s-ßfn Zo L-Imew tpmen t\m n tabv amkw 28 \v \nxy-{hxw FSp-Øp. kn. CΩm- p-te v dn -b sa n-\p-tijw Ct mƒ cma-]pcøv hn{i-a-po-hnxw \bn- p- p. 4B. t{kkn- p- n ]mem-]-s-hn Ip -Ω - -Gen ai Ipcy hnhmlw snbvxv I - \ Xma-kn- p- p. a ƒ \memwpw c p s]æpw. 1) s_kn B.A. 2) s_ n B.A., L.L.B. 3) t_m_n B.A. (a-cn- p) 4) tdmbn M.C.A. 5) PΩn B.Com. 6) tkmwn M.S.W. 4C. Gen-bmΩ tn p- CS-hI Hmen- Xd-t h n- -G-en- -p n Zº-Xn-I-fpsS 2 m-asø ai amwn hnhmlw snbvxp. a ƒ c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) do_ 2) A\ v M.C.A. 3) tpma v 4D. kteman B.Sc., B.Ed. ktem-ansb sigp-hw-ipfw awn-b-ßm v ]md-bn Ip ptem- -a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai h n- hnhmlw snbvxv Xdhm- n Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. 1) tjmwn Fw.-kn.-F. 2) cmtpjv Fw.-F-kv.U-_yp. 4E. Hutk- - CS-a-dpIv ]b-kvau v CS-hI Iq p- tpmk-^v- -aman Zº- Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ knkn-ensb hnhmlw snbvxv hmi-a- -Øn Xma-kn- p- p. \mep a ƒ ) how M.Sc., M.Tech. AXn-c-ºpg ]qh- n- p-t sk_m- Ãy ai _npp hnhmlw snbvxv _mw q-cn Xma-kn- p p. 2) kptcjv M.Sc. ]q\-bn tpmen snøp- p. 3) DÆn - B.Com. snøp- p. 4) kt mjv D.H.M. snøp- p. Nqc-\m v tpmkn Ipcy\pw IpSpw-_hpw 4F. tpmbv (Ipcy F{_m-lw) M.Com. tpmbnbpw (Ipcy F{_mlw) IpSpw-_hpw 507

20 sim n bqwn-th-gvkn- n-bn \n pw timta-gvkn _ncp- Zm-\- -c-_n-cpzw t\sn-b-tijw If-a-t»cn sk v t]mƒkv timtf-pn Hcp h j-tømfw eivn-d-dmbn tpmen snbvxp. ]n osv U ln-bnse tp W-enkw ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw C Uy FIvkv{]- n Ip-d- p-\mƒ tpmen t\m n. XpS v sim n-bn Xncn-s -Øn-b-tijw 1985 Cw ojv sszzamkn-i-bmb d Gjy Bcw-`n- p ae-bm-f-ønse BZy _nkn-\kv amk-kn-\mb [\w XpS-ß-n. d Gjy C v Gjy-bnse G hpw {]Nm-c-ap d amkn-i-bm-wv. CubnsS 20 h jw ]q Øn-bm- nb [\w tic-f-ønse G hpw {]Nmcap _nkn-\kv amk-kn-\m-wv. Ipcy F{_mlw BWv Cu c p {]kn- o-i-c-w-ß-fp-ssbpw FUn. `mcy acnb F{_-lmapw aq m a- fpw AS-ßnb-XmWv Ipcy F{_-lm-ans IpSpw-_w. acnb IqØm- p- Ifpw D p-am- ]tc-x-\mb ]n.-sp. sk_m-ãy-s bpw A - p- n-bp-ssbpw ]p{xn-bm-wv. sk v sxtc-kmkv timtf- Pn \n v tlmw kb kn _ncp-zm-\- c _ncpzw t\snbn- p acnb apwss_ ti -dnwkv timtf-pn \n p Ub- n- Ivkn Untπm-abpw Ic-ÿ-am- n-bn- p- v. hnhm-l-tijw ` Øm-hn-t\m-sSm w [\w ]ªn-t -j kn tn acnb Ct mƒ [\w _nkn-\kv amk-kns Atkm-kn-tb v FUn- -dm-wv. aqø ]p{x hnpbv F{_mlw cmp-kncn timtf- Pn Ah-km-\-h j B.Com. hnzym n-bm-wv. Cfb ]p{x- m-cmb krvpbpw A\q]pw Xr q-wn-øpd tnmbvkv kviqfn bym-{iaw 11 mw mknepw 6 mw mknepw ]Tn- p p. 4G. ^ntem-an\ _n.-f. AXn-c-ºpg sim - - n tzh-kym- -Nn- Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aqø ai tuhnkv Fw.-tImw. ^ntem-ansb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch Ct mƒ IqS- q Xma-kn- p- p. a ƒ 1) Znhym F v.-f-kv.-kn. 2) aoc _n.-ss-iv. 5. kn. fqbnkm C.M.C. Nqc-\mSv DXp v a-dnbw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS A m-asø Ip n-bmb fqbnk 1903 Pqembv 18 \p `qpm-x-bm-bn. hnzym-`ym-k-øn-\p tijw cma-]pcw I Ω-eoØm at-øn tn v 1928 k`mhkv{xw kzoi-cn- p. XpS v 1931 \nxy-{hxw kzoi-cn- p. ]e at-ß-fnepw kp o-cn-b-dmbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvtn- p BKÃv 2 \v cma-]pcw at-øn h v \ncym-x-bm-bn. kn. fqbokm kn.-fw.-kn. 6. DXp v kj-dnb (Idn-bm- ) Nqc-\mSv DXp- v- -a-dnbw a fn Bdm-asØ ai Idnbm- Acp-hn-Øpd afi- ]-Øn \n- v hnhmlw snbvxp. `mcy amωn A[nI- Imew Ign-bp- -Xn-\p-apºv Idn-bm- Nqc-\m v lrz-bm-lmxw aqew \ncym- X-bm-bn. Ch v a -fn-. Idn-bm- XpS v Fcp-a-s - nbn-ep ae-biw FtÃ- n Xma-kn- p-t]m- p Idnbm- Zm\-ambn \ Inb ÿeøv tacn-amxm tim {KntK-j hi atw ÿm]n- p. XpS v Ahn-tSbv v Xmakw am n ]mem- msv cq]-xbv p Zm\-ambn \ Inb ÿeøv sk v tacokv N v F -t]cn Hcp ] nbpw CS-h-Ibpw D mbn Pqsse 15 \v 93 masø hb- n \ncym-x-\m-bn. Idn-bm- s arx-tzlw sk v tacokv ] n-hi skan-tø-cnbn {]txyiw Xøm-dm- nb I -d-bn kwkvi-cn- p.

21 7. dh. ^m. tp _v Rmh n DXp- ns Ggm-asØ ai-\mwv Nmt m Bephm awk-e- pg skan-\m-cn-bn h v ]utcm-lnxyw kzoi-cn p. XpS v Nß-\m-t»-cn, Ab Ip- w, \cnthen, AXnc-ºpg, Im n-c- - n, B\- - v, tn m- v, Icq, Im nc-øm-\w, fmew, Iq n-, Acphn-Øp-d, A o-\msv F n-hn-s-ßfn tkh\a\p-jvtn- n- p- v. XpS v Icq ] n-bnepw ^m. tp _v Rmh n ktlm-z-c Ipcym- s ho n-epambn hn{i-a-po-hnxw \S-Øn. hm -Iy-tcm-K-sØ-Øp-S v N m-ºpg Bip-]-{Xn-bn Ipd- p-\mƒ InS- p _lp. Nmt m- \ncym-x-\m-bn. Icq ] n-ap- Øv arxtzlw kwkvi-cn- p. AXn-c-ºpg Akn. hnim-cn-bm-bn-cp ImeØv thz-{]-nm-c-kwlw ÿm]n- p. 8. Ip n-bω ssi\-icn h -h{ tpmk-^ns (Hu-tk- - -s ) `mcybm-bn-cp- p Ch-cpsS hnhm-lw. a ƒ t n-, kæn, tpmbn, kn_n, tsman, Cf-b-a-Iƒ \ncym-x-bmb CØΩ F n-h-cm-wv. B a- ƒ hnhm-ln-x-cmbn Fcp-as - n-bn sk v tacokv ] n-bn-s-h-i-bn I p-hmbv FtÃ- n IpSpw-_-k-taXw Xma-kn- p- p. Ip n-bω 1972 epw Hutk epw ssi\-i-cn-bn h v \ncymxcm-bn. 9. h n- Nqc-\m p Xd-hm- n ktlm-z-c Ipcym- -\p-sam-cp-an v Xmakn p-t]m- p. hmi- msv Np - pc Hutk v A aiƒ Gen- p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v A p s] a fpw c m a- -fpw. Ipcym hmi-a- - tø p Xmakw am n. 510 Nqc-\m v h n- \pw `mcy Gen- p- nbpw 9A. Prof. tacn M.A. aqø- a-iƒ s{]m^. tacnbpss ` Ømhv Aºmd t]m m- n s{]m^. sk_m-ãy\mwv. tacn ]mem A t^m km timtfpv C -twm-anivkv hn`mkw ta[m-hn-bm-bn-cp- p. Ch v Hcp ai. tsmwn M.Sc., M.B.A. ImØ-enIv kndnb _m n DtZym-K-ÿ-\m-Wv. Nqc-\m v tpm Pv tpmk^pw (A - ) IpSpw-_hpw 511

22 9B. A - B.Sc. (F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv) am m\w s]cp-am-en ssix- cn h - - -en- n- p n ZºXn- I-fpsS aiƒ eqkn-bmω B.A.sb hnhmlw snbvxp. eqknbmω B v_-nj v tpmk^v tnt m-øns ktlm-z-cn- ]p-{xn-bm-wv. Ch v c p s] Ip- n-ifpw c m Ip- n-ifpw D v. aqø aiƒ {]nb M.Sc.sb t]tc- m v P.J. txma-kns ai crvpnxv B.Tech. hnhmlw Ign p. {]nb am m\w K.E. timtf-pn ]Tn- n- p- p. c m-asø aiƒ A p M.Sc., B.Ed. Acp-hn-Øpd sk v tpm Pv timtf-pn tpmen t\m p p. aqø ai Acp B.Tech. s^u-d _m n DtZym-K-ÿ-\m-Wv. Cfb ai {]n kv 11 ]Tn- p- p. F Pn-\o-b-dmb A - Hcp-Øa I j-i-\m-wv. 9C. A mω _n.-f. aqhm- p-]pg Ipdp- m-a-t-øn ]tc-x-\mb tpm Un-bpsS `mcybmwv. ai a\p M.Com., M.S.W. Ab e- n `mcy-bpsamøv tpmen t\m p- p. aiƒ tdmjv\nsb (M.Sc.) apx-et m-søv amfn-tb- jnt m B.A., LLB hnhmlw snbvxp. tpmen Dt]- n- v skan-\m-cn-bn tn p _nj v tpmk^v ] n- m- -d-ºn \n v ]utcm-lnxyw kzoi-cn- p. Ct mƒ Nq -t cn F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv timtf-pn tkh\w A\p-jvTn- p- p. 9E. dmwn B.A. B\- v amxyp asp- - p-gn-bpss ai t n- B.Sc. (South Indian Bank) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. 1) aoc M.B.A. 2) F_n (B.Tech. hnzym n) 3) KoXp (10 ]Tn- p- p). 9F. euen B.A. πmi-\m amdm-a- -Øn spbnwkv Ipcys `mcy-bm-wv (s{]m^. sk v tacokv timtf-pv, kp Øm _tøcn). c p a ƒ. 1) tdmwn _n.-f-kv.-u-ªyp-hn\p ]Tn- p- p. 2) c p - 9 ]Tn- p- p. 9G. dq_n B.A. Nq -t cn πm q- -Øn tpmbn M.Sc. dq_nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p a ƒ. 1) {]ho - 10 ]Tn- p- p. 2) \ho 6 ]Tn- p- p. ^m. txmakv Rmh- nbpw amxmhpw ktlm-z-c-ßfpw 9D. ^m. txmakv Rmh n B.Sc. F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw jn nwkv tim -td-j- \n assd F Pn-\o-b Bbn tpmen t\m n

23 Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj B p- p-t ssaem-sq sndn-bm Ipcys aq m-asø k m-\-amb sndnbm Ipcy Rmh- n h p Xma-kn- p. a ƒ sxmω (]g-bnsw), Ipcy Xc-I (]p-ø...), Nm n, DXp p IØ-\m. Ch-cn Nm n ap p-nnd apcn- IpSpw-_-Øp-\n pw hnhmlw Ign v Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. A p ]p{x- m. Ipcy (sxt ), Nmt m (]-\-a- w), -sxm-ωn (]pø ]pc), Nm n hne-ßp-]m-d, DXp v (X-d-hm- n ). c p s] a- -fn Hcmsf ]mem-bn ]pxp- - n hnhmlw Ign- p. as -bmsf ]pfn- p- n Im n- hnhmlw Ign- p. Xd-hm- n Xma-kn DXp v ]pfn- p v ]pø ]p-c-bn \n pw hnhmlw Ign p. Cu hnhm-l-øn HcmWpw c p s] a- fpw P\n p. Nm n Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p. Gen fmew ss]º- n, amωn Ing-X-Sn-bq sxcp-hn. Cu aq p Ip n-iƒ D m-b-tijw `mcy acn- p-ibpw DXp v ho pw txm - m v tnmxn-cw-ip-t (sim-t m-sn- ) \n v hnhmlw Ign- p-ibpw Nqc-\m v ho n-te v amdn-øma-kn- p-ibpw snbvxp. c mw hnhm-l- Øn aq p ]p{x- mcpw Hcp ]p{xnbpw P\n- p. Hutk v Nqc-\m pw sndn-bm B p- p-t epw Ipcy Nqc-\m- p- \n p tn\- m-em-bnepw Xma-kn- p. ]p{xnsb (a-dn-bm-ω) Ing-X-Sn-bq ]Shn si n- p. DXp- ns c mw hnhm-l-ønep sndn-bm (sn-dn-bm- - ) Be- m v (]I-tem-a w Ipd-hn-e-ßm-Sv) Nm nbpss ]p{xn-bmb A -Ωsb hnhmlw sndnbm B q- p-t 514 Ign- p. Nqc-\m- p-\n v B p- p-t -te v amdn-øm-a-kn- p.- aq- mwpw \mep s]æpw. a ƒ. 1. simt en cma-]pcw s\spw-ip-t Hutk v ai tzhkym hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 1A. tzhkym a ƒ \memwpw \mep-s]æpw. 1B. kvidnbm a ƒ aq mwpw A p s]æpw. 1C. Ip mωn a ƒ Hcp ]p{x\pw aq p ]p{xn-am-cpw. 1D. tpmk^v Hcp ]p{xnbpw (kn. tdmkpf kn.-fw.-kn, dn {]n kn-, A t^m km timtf-pv) aq p ]p{x- m-cpw. 2. DXp v awn-ae ImS Im-hn sxmωs ]p{xn tdmk-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. A p ]p{x- mcpw c p ]p{xn-am-cpw. DXp v kvidnbm B q- p-t epw `mcy A -Ωbpw 515

24 2A. kvidnbm (DXp v kvidnbm) ac-ßm- p-]n- n sxm n- Ipcys ]p{xn A -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p ]p{x- mcpw c p ]p{xn-am-cpw. 2B. ]m - aptømen aæq amxyp-hns aiƒ t{kknsb hnhmlw Ign p. 3 BWpw 4 s]æpw. 1) tpmbn- 2) aøm-bn-, 3) hn sk v 4) tumfn-ω 5) en kn 6) tacn- p- n 7) jm\n-tamƒ. 2C. Ipcy M.Sc. (Ip- n-b- ) Ing-]-d-bm t]m m- n tpmk- ^ns aiƒ sxøm-ωsb (B.Sc., B.Ed.)hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p ]p{x- m. 1) tdm_n (B.Tech., MBA Ata-cn ) 2) dntpm (MBA). Ipcy\pw IpSpw-_hpw 2D. sndn-bm Ip n B.A., H.D.C. Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv \Sp-hn-te- p v tzh-kym-bpss aiƒ tacn- p n _n.-f.sb hn-hmlw snbvxp. a ƒ Hcp ]p{x-\pw- Hcp ]p{xnbpw. 1) Nmƒkv M.Sc., 2) Pqen v B.A. sndn-bm Ip nbpw IpSpw-_hpw 516 2E. A mω Icq sh -a- -Øn Ip v hnhmlw snbvxv I m v Xmakn- p- p. Ch v \mep ]p{x- mcpw aq p ]p{xn-am-cpw. 1) Hutk- - (d-h. ^m. tpmk^v Im n-c- n cq]-x) 2) kvidn-bm- 3) Ipcym- 4) spbnw-kp-ip n 5) {SokmΩ 6) B kω 7) tdmkven 2F. Gen- p n I ΩeoØm at-øn tn v kn. tacn hn {^Uv F t]cp kzoi-cn- p. k\ym-k-po-hnxw \bn v tkh\w snøp p. 3. A Ω (Ip- q- -Ω) ac-ßm- p-]n n hcn- -am- tpmk-^ns ]p{x txmakv hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v 3 ]p{x- mcpw 5 ]p{xn-amcpw. 1) Ipt v 2) sxmω 3) amω- 4) Nn Ω 5) Ip n-bω 6) tacn 7) en n 8) ^ntem-an\ 4. Nm n Xmakw Im m-dn. `mcy {_npn-øm. a ƒ DXp v Nm n 4A. tpmkv M.A. tn p- sncn-b Ip-t F k-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp ]p{xn am{xw P\n- p. {]n kv B.A. _n.- F-Un\v ]Tn- p- p. amxyp 4B. amxyp M.Sc., L.L.B. HmUn v Hm^o-k, F.-Pn.-F-kv. Xncp-h-\- -]pcw (\n-cym-x-\mbn). B\n B.Sc., B.Ed.s\ hnhmlw Ign- p. B\n sslkviqƒ A ym-]n-i-bmbn tpmen snøp- p. aq m a ƒ. 1) Pq_n M.Com. 2) _nt\mbn F Pn-\o-b 3) jmpp M.B.B.S., M.S. 517

25 tum. jmpphpw `mcy tum. {]oxnbpw Ip n-tbm-ssm w 4C. AeIvkv M.A., B.Ed. B{ m-bn `mcy sp n-tbmssm w tpmen snøp- p. _nt\mbn amxyphpw IpSpw-_hpw 4D. txmakv (txm-am- ) B.E. F Pn-\o-b Xncp-h aan ho n A m-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp ]p{xn am{xw. ]p{xn bp.-f-kv.-f-bn tpmen snøp- p. kpa _n.-timw. 4E. kæn sh n-bm-a w I q- p-t sp nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp ]p{xn ]Tn- p- p. 4F. tdmkω tacn-em Uv Nh-d-\m-\n- {^m kokv hnhmlw snbvxp. 4G. eqkn Fw.-F-kv.-kn. \cn-b-ßm\w Ipf-Øn-\m tpmwn Fw.-tImw. hn-hmlw Ign p. c p-t]cpw dnk hv _m n tpmen snøp- p. 4. txmakv (Ip- -Ω ) aæ-bv -\msv Cug- p-t Nm n-bpss ]p{xn I{Xo-\sb hnhm-lw- sn-bvxp. Ch v Hcp ]p{xn. 4A. tdmkω (Ip- n-b-ω) A ym-føv srgp-ipw-im- n HuX- p n hnhmlw snbvxp. c mwpw aq p s]æpw. tpmjn, ssje, dq_n, at\m-pv, Nmƒkv. 5. tpmk^v (Ip-t - v) txmam- \pw IpSpw-_hpw 518 Ipt pw `mcy Gen- p- nbpw 519

26 tpmk^v (Ip-t v) cma-]pcw sndp- \n-eøv BK-kvXn-bpsS aiƒ Gen- p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. c mwpw Hcp- s]-æpw. 5A. tpmkv Ahn-hm-ln-X-\mbn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p- p. 5B. AK-Ã-n (D-Ω- ) B.Sc. IS-\mSv Ddp-ºp-Im- n tzh-kym-bpss F. n. tpmkv aiƒ h kωsb (B.Com.) hnhmlw snbvxp. IpSpw-_-tbmKw sk{i- -dn-bmbn {]h Øn- n-cp- p. Ct mƒ Irjn, hyh-km-bw, _nkn-\kv Cßs\ hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn {]h Øn- p- p. a ƒ 1) Pn kv B.Sc. 2) sk_n B.A., L.L.B. 3) acnbm ]Tn- p- p. AK-Ãn tpmk-^pw IpSpw-_hpw 520 5C. tdmkω (Sr. tdmkv acnb B.A., B.Ed.) Fkv.-F- v. tim sh v ]mem. \oeq sslkviq-fn F v.-f-kv.-f. Bbn tpmen snøp- p. 6. amxyp (a-ø) aæ-bv -\m v Cug- p-t Nm nbpss ]p{xn Gen- p nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 6A. kæn kn. tdmkv acnb S.H. sim - - n ae-bn sxt -SØv Gen- p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v \mep ]p{x- m. 1) kt m-jv 2) {]tz-jv 3) D m-kv 4)... 6B. tdmkω A ymfw sh n-aq-g-bn Hutk- - hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu hnhm-l-øn aq p a ƒ. c p s]æpw Hcm-Wpw. 1) A t^m kv 2) tkmfn 3) kme v 6C. Nm n M.A., LLB (Nm- n- p- v) Nm n- p v sxm -h-b-en (\-Sp- -c)\n pw tumfn M.Sc.,B.Ed.s\ hnhmlw snbvxp. tumfn ]nd-høv sslkviqƒ So-. Nm n- p v M.A., LLB. ]m m-btijw ]mem-bn AUz. Ae-Ivkm- dpw IpSpw-_hpw 521

27 AUz-t - mbn {]mivsokv snøp p. c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. aq p-t]cpw ]Tn- p- p. 1) Un_nƒ (M.Tech.) 2) amøp- p n 3) sdpn acnb (B.Sc.) 7. Gen- p- n sim - - n ]mº-bv BK-kvXn-bpsS ai txmakv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c mwpw \mep s]æpw. F k-ω, tdmk-ω, tpmkv, tacn- p- n, tsman,... Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj B q- pt Nqc-\m v Nm n Rmh- n B q- p-t sndn-bm- -s c masø ]p{x-\mb Nm n aæ-bv -\msv Cug- p-t ]utem-kns ]p{xn I{Xo-\msb hnhmlw snbvxp. Nm n B q- p-t \n pw Icq Nqc-\m-t p amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Cu IpSpw-_-\m-Y DØa sszh-`- \pw A zm-\-x-ev]-c-\mb \ Irjn- m-c-\p-am-bn-cp- p. D X hnzym-`ymkw \S-Øm km[n- n-s - nepw F m hnj-b- Ønepw kmam-\y- m\w D m-bn-cp- p. Icq Xncplr-Z-b- n ]pxp- n- -Wn-bp- - Xn A sø _lp. hnim-cn-bmbn-cp _lp. Rmh- n tn\- m-em-bn Nm n- s\ Gsd klmbn- n- p- v. `mcy I{Xo\ Zo\m-\p-I- ºbpw tkh\ k - -Xbpw apjap-{z-bm- nb Bfm- Nm n sndn-bm\pw `mcy I{Xo-\bpw bn-cp- p. [oc-xbpw kml-kn-i-xbpw ChcpsS khn-ti-j-x-bm-bn- 522 c-p p. Ch v ]Øp a ƒ. c p-t] sndp- -Ønte ac-w-a-s- p. tijn Xv c p ]p{x- mcpw Bdp ]p{xn-i-fp-am-wv BZy-ambn Iayq-WnÃp `cww tic-f-øn \S- n h -t mƒ hn-tam-n-\-k-a-c-øn ]s -SpØ Icq {]tz-isø kv{xoi-fpss t\xm-hm-bn-cp p I{Xo-\. Adp-]Xp hb p Ign I{Xo\ Ad-Ãp-h-cn- bpw Pbn hmkw A\p-`-hn- p-ibpw snbvxp. A v At\Iw kv{xoiƒ v CsXmcp t{]m m-l-\-am-bn-cp- p. 1. A - p n h n (km-dm) at-øn- m- p-ip-t h n hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p ]p{x- mcpw c p ]p{xn-am-cpw. h n 1973 sk]v w-_ amk-øn acn- p. `mcy A Ω P\n- p acn p. hnemkw A - p- n h n, at-øn- m- p-ip-t, aptømen ]n.-h., ]mem. t^m A. Fw.-hn. Cu Cu - ssi\-icn IWn-t -cn Nmt m- s ]p{xn a - co-ømsb hnhmlw snbvxp. ae-_m {]tz-iøv IpSn-tb-dn Xs ktlm-z-c Nm n-bp-samøv hn]p-e-amb Irjn \SØn IpSpw-_sØ kmº-øn-i-ambn Db Øn. AhnsS sszhmebw \n Ωn- m-\p ÿehpw kui-cyhpw G s -Sp-Øns m-sp-øp. hnemkw Fw.-hn. Cu, at-øn- m- p-ip-t, sh -cn- Ip v ]n.-h., ]c hgn, Imk tim-uv. a ƒ 1) ]m - n _n.-f-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. 2) txma-kp- Ip n 3) tn Ω 4) emen- 5) sim p-dmwn Fw.-F-kv.-kn. 6) Pbnw-kp-Ip n 7)Z-Øp-tamƒ Fw.-F-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. Cu \ncym-x-\m-bn. 1B. Fw.-hn. Nm n (Nm- n- p- v) tn p- sf c amxyp- -a-dn-bmω aiƒ A -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p- p. Hcp ]p{xnbpw c p ]p{x- m-cpw. hnemkw Fw.-hn. Nm n, aptømen ]n.h., ]mem. t^m

28 1) B\n-bΩ 2) tpmpn Fw.-F-kv.-kn. _n.-f-uv. dmt mss ]m mbn. ]mem sk v txmakv timtf-pn eivn-d Bbn tpmen snøp- p. 3) kn_n Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p- p. 1C. tacn kndn-biv _n.-f-kv.-kn. _n.-f-uv. (ta-cn- p- n) Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv ]m m-\n-bn Ipcym- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ipcy ]m m-\n-bn _n.-f-kv.-kn, _n.-f-uv. ]mem sk v txmakv sslkviqƒ sluvam-ã-dmbn tpmen snbvxv k Δokn \n pw dn -b sn-bvxp. tacn- p n aptømen tkƒkv sslkviq-fn So -dmbn tkh\w snbvx-tijw dn -b snbvxp. aq p s] a- ƒ. hnemkw tacn kndn-b-iv, ]m m-\n-bn lukv, aptømen ]n.-h., ]mem. t^m ) kpan _n.-f-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. 2) tum. enam si. ]m m\n Fw.-Un. 3) lna ]m m\n Fw.-F-kv.-kn., _n.-f-uv. πkv Sp A ym-]n-i. 1D. kn. B\n ImX-dn (Z-Ø-Ω) ]n.-un.-kn., n.- n-.kn. Nß-\m-t»cn Xncp-lr-Z-b-a-T-Øn tn v k\ym-k-po-hnxw \bn- p- p. Icn-bm-Sn, Bcy Im-hv, tnº-fw, Iºw-taSv apxemb ÿe-ß-fn tkh\w snbvxn- p- v A ym- ]I tpmen-bn \n pw hnc-an- p. hnemkw kn. B\n ImX-dn (Z-Ø-Ω), Fkv.-F- v. tim sh v, h w-]-xm, ap - bw ]n.h. 1E. txmakv tpm Pv (sxm-ω- ) sxmsp-]pg I -Øn tzh-kym- -Gen aiƒ s]m -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Xd-hm-Sn-\-Sp-Øp hb-en ]p-c-bn-s-øn Xma-kn- p- p. aq p a ƒ. c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. hnemkw txmakv tpm Pv, at-øn- m- p-ip-t, aptømen ]n.-h., ]mem ) tdmj 2) tdm_n _n.-f-kv.-kn. 3) ip` t\gvknwkv hnzym n GenbmΩ Nm n (]m -Ω) Ahn-hm-ln-X-bm-bn-cp- p. amxm-]n-xm- tfmssmøv Xma-kn- n-cp- p \ncym-x-bm-bn. Icq Xncp-lr-Zb ] n IpSpw- -_- - -d-bn kwkvi-cn- p. 3. kvidnbm (Ip- v) IqS- q Aº-e-Øp-cp-tØ Ip q- ns aiƒ t{xkymsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp s] Ip- nbp msb- nepw (kn n-en) acn- p-t]m-bn. Cu IpSpw_w B p- p-t Xd-hm-Sns ASp-Øp ]pc-bn-s-øn-te v amdn-øm-akn- p. Ahn-SpsØ Irjn-Im-cy-ß-fn ]m Ω Nqc-\m v G s - p-po-hn- p. Ccp-]-Ø- m-asø hb- n acn- p. t{xkymsb ]p\ hn-hmlw snbvx-b- p. hnemkw kvidnbm, Rmh- n Nq-c-\m v, Icq, ]mem. 4. kn. k_o\m Fkv.-F- v. adn-bmω Rmh- n Nqc-\m- v. P\\w acww sslkviqƒ ]T\w ]q Øn-bm- p- -Xn-\p-apºpXs Xs k\ym-k- Po-hn-X-Øn-te- p sszh-hnfn a\- n-em n am-xm-]n-xm- -fpss A\p-hm-Z-tØmsS ]p -Øpd Xncplr-Z-b-a-T-Øn tn p. c p h jsø ]cn-io-e-\-øn-\p-tijw 1939 {]Ya {hx-hm-kvzm-\hpw 1942 \nxy-{h-x-hm-kvzm-\hpw \S- Øn. kn. k_o\ Fkv.-F v F t]cp kzo-i-cn- p. A ym-]n-i, Akn-Ã v, az, az kp o-cn-b, az P\-d-ens Iu kne F o hnhn[ \ne-i-fn Zo L-\mƒ Xncp-lr-Zb k`bn tkh\w snbvxn- p- v. 525 kn. k_o\m Fkv.-F- v.

29 Iptd-\mƒ ]mem Xncp-lr-Zb at-øn Akn-à v kp o-cnb-dmbn tpmen snbvx-xn-\p-tijw Nß-\m-t»cn cq]x hn`- Pn- -s - -t mƒ ]p -Øpd at-øn-te v ÿew am -s - p. Iptd- mew k`-bpss G w {][m\ t{]jn-x-{]-h Ø-\-amb A\m-Y-kw-c- -W-Øn G s -Sp-Ibpw Xs kq -Ønt\ n- -s A\mY-cmb sszh-a- sf G w Icp-W-tbmSpw kvt\l-tøm-spw-iqsn ip{iq-jn- p-ibpw snbvxp Xncp-lr-Zb k`-bpss Hcp imj Nß-\m-t»-cn-bn ÿm]n- p. Ahn-SpsØ az kp o-cn-b Bbn-cp p. C v ]mtd ] n p kao]w ImWp efn-xhpw at\m-l-c-hpamb atw ]Wn Ign- n- p. Cu `h\w Nß-\m-t»cn XncplrZb kaq-l-øns amxr `h-\-am-wv Iqh- n- n Hcp atw, tkmjy h v sk, t\gvkdn kviqƒ, bp.-]n. kviqfn Hcp {Im^v v mkv Ch \n Ωn- p. Cu ÿm]-\-ßfn H ]Xp h jw kp o-cn-b-dmbn tkh\w snbvxp tim -b-øn-\-spøv amßm-\øv Hcp imjm `h\w ÿm]n p. Ct mƒ CXv Xncp-lr-Zbk`-bpsS P\-d-te v `h-\-am-wv. GXm\pw h jw Cu `h-\-øns kp o-cn-b Bbn tpmen snbvxp. si ns \n Ωm-W-Øn Hcp F Pn-\o-b-dpsS sshz- KvZyhpw Imcy-ti-jnbpw t\xrxzw hln- m-\p ]ms-hhpw A\n-X-c-km-[m-c-W-am-bn {]I-Sn- n- n-cp p. apsn-bq -c, tnºfw, sn, B\- v XpS-ßnb ÿe-ß-fnse at-ßfpw k_o-\m-ω-bpss A zm-\-^-e-am-wv Pqsse amkw 19 mw XobXn \ncym-x-bm-bn. 5. tpmk^v Nm n (]m- q- n) P\\w Nm n -I-{Xo-\m-bpsS Ah-ti-jn- p GI- ]p-{x-k- m-\-amb ]m q n ]mem sk v txmakv sslkviqfn hnzym-`ymkw \S-Øn. ]T\w ]q Øn-bm-Ip- -Xn-\p-apºv sndp- -Øn -Xs ]mem ]\-bv sxmω- -s bpw adn-bm-ω-bp-ssbpw aqø]p{xn adn-bm-ωsb (Ip mωn) hnhmlw Ign- p. IpSpw-_-tbmKw D- m- p- - Xn\pw AXns {]h Ø-\-ß-fnepw kpo-h-ambn CS-s]- ncp- p. -BbpjvIm-emw-K-am-bn-cp At±lw IpSpw-_-tbm-K- 526 Øns H mw hm jniw kap-nn-xambn BtLm-jn- p-hm cq]m kw`m-h\ \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp. Atcm-K-Zr-V-Km-{X\pw kvt\l-k-º- -\p-am-bn-cp At±lw 2009 sk]v w-_-dn A y-iq-zm-i-iƒ t_m[-tømss kzoi-cn v Znhw-K-X- \m-bn. ]m q n-bpss a -fpss hnh-c߃ NphsS tn p p. 5A. Nm n tpmk^v (tsm-an) Ahn-hm-ln-X-\m-Wv. Xf hm-x-tcm-knbm-bn-cp- -Xp-sIm v hnhm-l-po-hn-x- Øn G s - n- n-. hnemkw Nm n tpmk-^v, B q- p-t, _me-cm-a-]pcw, hbm- p-]-dºv ]n.-h., Be-t m-sv. t^m B. tacn tpmkv a n-i-t»-cn Ip n-s bpw Ipt en-bp-ssbpw ai tpmk^v (sim v) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p ]m q n Nqc-\m v ]p{xn-am am{xw. 1) Beo-kp-Ip n Im -\m v _n\p hnhmlw snbvxp. 2) Aºnfn. hnemkw tacn tpmkv, ac-ßm- p-]n- n, a n-i-t»-cn. 5C. A{_mlw (_m-_p) ap - -bøp N -\m v B -Wn- -G-en-bmΩ aiƒ kmdmsb (spbn\-ω) hnhm-lw- I-gn- p. Ch v c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. am n, hnivs (F Pn-\o-b-dnwKv hnzym n), cmpkv (_n.- timw. hnzym n-\n). am n _m_p-hn-t\m-ssmøp _nkn- \kv \SØp p. hnemkw A{_m-lw (_m_p), Rmh- n Nqc-\m- v, Icq. 527

30 _m_p Nqc-\m pw IpSpw-_hpw 5D. ImX-ssd (tkm-b-ω) _n.-f. tkmb-ωsb Xriq ]ø- - n {^m kokv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p Ip n-iƒ. c p s]æpw Hcm-Wpw. 1) tkmwn 2) ]n n (10 UnÃnwKvj-t\msS ]m m-bn) 3) acnb \memw mkn ]Tn- p- p. hnemkw tkmbω {^m kn-kv, ]ø- - n, Nndw, Xriq. t^m E. tpmk^v Nm n (s_- n) s_ n Im n-c- n Imcn- Ipfw ]mwªm\n ]pø ]pc-bn txmakv t{xkym aiƒ thtdm-\n- sb (B kn) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p a ƒ. Hcp ]p{x\pw Hcp ]p{xn-bpw. s_ n Nqc-\m pw IpSpw-_hpw 528 1) AeIvkv (]Tn- p p) 2) A\n (]Tn- p p). hnemkw tpmk^v Nm n, Rmh- n Nqc-\m- v, Xmt_m [ym\-ti- {μ-øn\p kao-]w, simspw-]nsn, sim - - n. t^m kn. en ypivkv sxtckm S.H. (Rm-h- n ) B.Sc., B.Ed. Rmh- n Nqc-\m v sxømω 1953 ]p -Øpd Xncp-lr-Zb at- Sr. en ypivkv sxtckm S.H. Øn tn p {]Ya {hx hmkvzm-\hpw 1958 \nxy-{h-x-hm-kvzm-\hpw \SØn. kn. enkyp sxtckm F t]cp kzoi-cn- p apx 1968 hsc Iqh- n n sk v tpmk^v bp.-]n. kviqfn {]Y-am- ym-]n-i-bmbn tpmen snbvxp Nß- \m-t»cn Xncp-lr-Zb kaq-l-øns az P\-d-embn sxcs -Sp- -s - p. Fkv.-F v. kaqløns az P\-d, Akn- à v az P\-d, s{]mhn jy Akn-à v, s{]mhn jy Iu kn-e F o hnhn[ cwk-ß-fn Zo L-Imew tkh\w snbvxn- p- v `mc-x-øns hs- p-in-g p `mk-øp B man A\m-Y-cpsS CS-bn {]h Øn- p-hm Xncplr-Zb k\ym-kn\n kaq-l-øn\v Ah-k-c-ap- m- n-s m-sp- Øp-sIm v {]h Ø\ irwj-e-bn Hcp IÆn-IqSn tn Øp. t{]m km-l-\ßfpw t{]c-w-ifpw \ In Cu thzn hnhn[ cq]-x-i-fn-embn ]S p ] -en v Aaem t{]mhn kmbn cq]w sim p. km[n- p- n-s-tømfw CS-h-I-I-fn Fkv.-F v `h-\- ߃ ÿm]n- p. CS-h-I-bpsS \m\m-hn-[-amb A`n-hr- n- pth n {]h Øn- -W-sa- p B{K-l-Øm tic-f-øn 18 at-ßfpw AtXm-sSm w t{]jn-x-{]-h Ø-\-cw-K-ßfpw ÿm]n p. BXpc tkh-\w, A\mY kwc- -Ww, hnzym- `ymkw F o t{]jn-x-{]-h Ø-\-ß-fpsS hni-k-\-øn-\mbn 529

31 Nne ÿe-ß-fn kviqfp-iƒ AKXn aμn-c-߃, Bip- ]{Xn-Iƒ F n-hbpw ÿm]n- p sndnb txmxn Bcw-`n tim bw saun- sk Bip-]{Xn C v hf v tim -bsø {]apj Bip-]-{Xn-bmbn Db n- p- v. ap q-dn cw InS- -I-fp ChnsS kvs]jy-enãpi-fmbn 36 tumivtsgvkv tpmen t\m p- p. kvim\nwkv XpS-ßnb F m B -cni ]cn-tim-[\ D]-I-c-W-߃ Chn-sS-bp- v. Cu Bip-]-{Xn-tbm-S-\p-_- n v Hcp P\-d t\gvknwkv kviqƒ kvxpxy l-amb hn[-øn \S-Øp- p. kaq-l-øn kz w amt\-pvsa n kviqfp-iƒ ÿm]n- X-am-bn. \mep kviqfp-iƒ tbmpn- n v Hcp tim -td v amt\pvsa v AwKo-I-cn- n- p. aμ-_p- n-ifpw _[n-c-cp-amb Ip n-iƒ p-th- nbpw kviqfp-iƒ ÿm]n p \S-Øp- p v. Nß-\m-t»cn sk v B kv sslkviq-fn \n p hnc-an- tijw Im n-c- n s]msn-a w Pb-amXm ]mc-e timtf- Pn Akn-à mbpw {]n kn- -embpw tkh\w snbvxn- p v. 47 h jw A ym-]-\-cw-køv {]h Øn- p-hm km[n- Xv henb Hcp sszhm-\p-{k-l-ambn knã Icp-Xp- p. Ct mƒ at-ønse timtfpv hnzym n-i-sfbpw kao-]-øp Ip n- I-sfbpw Cw ojv ]T-\-Øn klm-bn- p- p. IqSp-X kabw sszhw I\n- p-\ Inb A\p-{K-l-߃ v \μn ]d p {]m n pw hmb-\-bnepw sne-h-gn- p- p. hnemkw kn. en ypivkv sxtckm Fkv.-F- v. (Rm-h- n ), Fkv.-F v. ÃUn lukv, s]msn-a- w, ]me{º ]n.-h., Im n-c- - n t^m I{Xn- p n (A- m-ω) I nd s]m -Øn timc- -tdm-kω ai amxyp (Ip- - ) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. Hcp ]p{x\pw c p ]p{xn-am-cpw. A mω 1959 Pqsse amk-øn ac-w-a-s- p. a ƒ 7A. tdmkω (t{k-kn) ]mem hs- ho n txma-kv- -t{xkym ai tpm hnhmlw snbvxp. t{kkn cma-]pcw sh n-tb- n kviqfn 530 A ym-]n-i-bmbn tpmen snøp- p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Hcp ]p{x\pw c p ]p{xn-am-cpw. 1) txmakv tpm B.Com., B.Tech.- - U ln-bn tpmen snøp p. 2) jn_p M.A. 3) adn-bω (Ip- p) 7B. amxyp (_m-_p) _m_p G p-am-\q ]osn-i-bn tpmk-^v- -A- -Ω-bpsS aiƒ sdknsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq m Ip- n-iƒ. 1) Aa-co-jv 2) Aizn 3) Ac-hnμv (aqhcpw hnzym n-iƒ). 7C. A t^m km (eo-em-ω) eoem-ωsb ssaem-sq If- p-c-bv Ip -Ω - -t{xkym ai tpmkv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp ]p{xnbpw c p ]p{x- mcpw D v. eoemω 1959 Pqsse amk-øn lrz-bm- LmXw aqew \ncym-x-bm-bn. 1) \n n tpmkv Ah-km\ h j t\gvknwkv hnzym n\n 2) sska _n.timw. hnzym n 3) \n ]Ømw mkv hnzym n 8. tdmk- p n aømbn Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv If- p-c-bv aømbn hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch ae-_m-dn ]me- m v amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v c m a- fpw c p s] a- -fpw. hnemkw tdmk- p n aøm-bn, If- p-c-bv, a-ßm- p-aebn, s]m {_m ]n.-h., ]mem- m- v. t^m A. tdmbn aømbn ]me- m v emk-dns aiƒ sa ensb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p s] Ip- n-iƒ. 1) kvt\l 2) kuay 3) cay hnemkw tdmbn aøm-bn, If- p-c-bv, aßm- p-a-e-bn, s]m {_m ]n.-h., ]me- msv Pn. t^m B. KoXΩ ssx -d-ºn h Kokv hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp ]p{x\pw c p ]p{xn-amcpw D v. 1) kt mjv 2) lwn-tamƒ 3) lcnx 531

32 2 (4). adnbw sk_m-ãy (A-Ωn-Wn) B q- p-t sndn-bm- s c m-asø ]p{xn-bmb AΩn- Wnsb ssaem-sq If- p-c-bv h Ko-kv- -a-dnbw ai tzhkym hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v ]Øp a sf \ In sszhw A\p-{K-ln- p. F mwpw c p s]æpw. 1) h n- 2) Ipt v 3) aømbn 4) ]m p-ip n 5) sxmω- 6) Nm n 7) Ipcy 8) Nmt m- 9) adnb- p n 10) A mω hnemkw adnbw sk_m-ãy (A-Ωn-Wn), ssaem-sq, If pc-bv, Ad- p-fw. A. h n- \ncym-x-\m-bn. B. Nm n Cutim-k-`-bn tn v {_Z-dmbn k`-bpss hnhn[ `h-\- ßfn tkh\w snøp- p. C. adn-b- p n ]b- m C n-aq- n sim v hnhmlw snbvxp. D. A mω Ddp-kpsse tim sh n tn v k\ym-kn-\n-bmbn tkh\w snøp- p. E. Ipcy Fw.-F., _n.-f-uv. Ccn-ßm-e- ps timtfpn s{]m^-k-dmbn tpmen snbvxp. Ct mƒ dn -b snbvxp. Ccn-ßm-e- ps Xs IpSpw-_- ktaxw Xma-kn- p- p. 2 (5). Ipcy txm -πm- B q- p-t sndn-bm- s Cfb ]p{x txm -πm- Ipcy ]mem A -c- p-t Hutk- ns ]p{xn I{Xo- \msb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ipcy\pw IpSpw-_hpw B p- pt \n pw txm -πm- -te v amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Ch v aq p ]p{x- mcpw c p ]p{xn-amcpw P\n- p. 1) Nn Ω 2) Ip p-ip n 3) Nm n (Ip- - ) 4) A mω 5) Ipcym- 532 A. Nn Ω IS-\m v ]m n-bm-ωm- tpmk-^ns ai aø- hnhmlw sn-bvxp. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v ]Xn-s\m- p a sf sszhw \ In. 1) X Ω 2) tacn 3) h kω 4) eoemω 5) enkn 6) t{kkn 7) Ipkpaw 8) tpmkv 9) t n 10) tpmbn 11) jmpntam B. tpmk^v (Ip- p-ip- n) aptøm-en ssxtøm- -Øn kvidn-bm-bpss aiƒ t{xkym-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch-cn aq p ]p{x- mcpw \mep ]p{xn-amcpw D v. 1) tpmbn 2) kvidnbm 3) tdm_ v 4) t{kkn 5)F kω 6) ^m kn 7) tamfn C. Nm n (Ip- - ) A - p- n- Um nkns IpSpw-_tØm-sSm w 2) B kn 3) dmwn 4) tj en. 533 Ip - N m-ºpg I - -bøv F{_ml-Øns aiƒ kn n-ensb hnhmlw Ign- p. Cu Zº-Xn- Iƒ v A p ]p{x- mcpw \mep ]p{xn-amcpw P\n p. 1) X - 2) Ahn-cm- 3) Nm n- p v 4) Hutk- - 5) t_m_n 6) tagvkn 7) ssekω 8) _o\m (t\gvkv) 9) jo\m (t\-gvkv) D. Ipcym- Nn m IpcyØv kvidn-bmbpss aiƒ A - p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v Hcp ]p{x\pw aq p ]p{xnamcpw D v. 1) Um okv

33 E. A mω Ahn-hm-ln-X-bm-bn-cp- p. amxm-]n-xm- -fpss ac-w-tijw Xmakw ktlm-z-c Nm n-bpss IqsS-bm-bn-cp- p. A mω c m-bn-cm-am- n \ncym-x-bm-bn. 2 (6). A Ω B q- p-t sndn-bm- s aq m-asø ]p{xn-bmb A - Ωsb awn-ae πm m v txma-kv- -tim-imω ai Ipcp-hnf (Ip- n) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v F p a ƒ. aq mwpw A p s]æpw. amxm-]n-xm- ƒ \ncym-x-cm-bn. 1) ]m - 2) Hutk- - 3) tdmkω (s]-æ-ω) 4) A Ω (Ip- p-s]-æv) 5) aøm-bn- 6) tacn- p n 7) kmdmω 8) I{Xn- p n A. ]m - Nnd- -Shv sh n- m v A -Ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch p k m-\-ß-fn-. B. Hutk- - txm - msv snøn-a w IpSpw-_-Øn adn-bm-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. aq p a -fp- v. C. A Ω (Ip- p-s]-æv) Ff-ßpfw Icn- m Ip p-a-øm-bn-bpss ai h n- hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c p ]p{x- mcpw \mep ]p{xnamcpw. D. aøm-bn- awn-ae hmfn-πm- ]m - -A- Ω aiƒ Gen- p- nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. E. tacn- p n ss]i ]mwªm-\n-bn tpmk-^v- -tdm-kω ai Cu - hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v A m a fpw Hcp ]p{xn-bpw. 1) tpmk^v (]m- p-ip- n) 2) Ip n-b- 3) sxmω- 4) Nmt m- 5) amø- 6) tdmkω 7) kmdm-ω. kmdm-ωsb sxmsp-]pg Xmg-Øp-ho- n hn.-kn. Nmt m hnhmlw snbvxp. (\n-cym-x-bm-bn.) 534 F. I{Xn- p n Be- pg ae-bn A - hnhmlw snbvxp. 2 (7). t{xkym B q- p-t sndn-bm- s Cfb ]p{xn-bmb t{xkymsb IS-πm-a w ISn-b Ip n-bn Nm n ai tpmk^v hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu hnhm-l-øn Hcp ]p{x\pw aq p ]p{xn-amcpw P\n- p. a ƒ A. si.-sp. Nm n M.Com. A.B.I. (e ) hne-ßp-]md Ct ms Cfb aiƒ A - p- nsb hn-hmlw snbvxp. ]membn BZy-ambn Syqt m-dn-b timtfppw ]mce timtfppw Bcw-`n- Xv Nm n kmdm-wv. ]mem sk v tpmk^v timtf-pns {]n kn- -embn Zo L-Imew tpmen snbvxp. Iptd- mew AJn-e-tI-cf ItØm-en m tim {K-kns {]kn-u mbpw ]mem eb kv _v {]kn- U mbpw tpmen snbvxn- p- v. Nm n-km 1995 \ncym-x- \m-bn. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v ]Øp a ƒ P\n- p. aq m a- fpw Ggp s] a- -fpw. 1) sxømω 2) GeΩ 3) _m_p Fw.-F. 4) sxmω- 5) tkm^n 6) eqkn 7) s_ n 8) {]n kv _n.-f. 9) n n Fw.-F., _n.-f-uv. 10) A\p _n.-f-kv.-kn. B. A- Ω (sk-bn kv Fw.-F- v.-kn., n.- -n.-kn.) ]mem Xncp-lr-Z-b-a-T-Øn tn v k\ym-kn-\n-bm-bn. kn. skbn kv F \maw kzoi-cn- p. kn. skbn kv Zo L- Imew A ym-]-\-cw-køpw az kp o-cn-b-dmbpw tkh\w snbvxn- p- v. c m-bn-cm-am v HIvtSm-_ 22 \v lrz-bm- LmXw aqew \ncym-x-bm-bn. hfsc A S- hpw IrXy-\njvTbpw {]m -\m-cq-]n-bp-ap Hcp DØa k\ym-kn-\n-bmbncp p kn. skbn kv. acww C. tacn (kn. s^enivkv Fw.-F- v.-kn., n.- n.-kn.) tacn Fw.-F- v.-kn., n.- n.-kn. ]m m-b-tijw Xncp-lr-Zb a-t- Øn tn v k\ym-kn-\n-bm-bn. kn. s^enivkv F t]cp kzoi-cn- p. Zo L-\mƒ A ym-]n-i-bmbpw ]e `h-\-ß-fn 535

34 az kp o-cn-b-dmbpw tkh\w ImgvN h n- p- v. Nß-\mt»cn t{]mhn knepw Im n-c- n t{]mhn knepw tpmen snbvxp. Xs G n- n-cn- p ZuXyw G w Bflm -X-tbmSpw hniz-kvx-x-tbmspwiqsn \n Δ-ln- p- -Xn Xev]c-bm-Wv. Ct mƒ ]p -Øpd at-øns az kp o-cn-b-dmbn tkh\w snøp- p. hnemkw kn. s^enivkv, Fkv.-F- v. tim sh v, ]p - Øpd CuÃv ]n.-h., InS-ßq kuøv ]n.-h. D. tpmk-^n\m (A- m-ω) Ahn-hm-ln-X-bm-Wv. tpmk-^n-\m-bpss P\-\-tØmsS AΩ t{xkym \ncym-x-bm-bn. t{xkym-bpss ac-w-tijw ` Ømhv tpmk^v ]mem-bn awn-ae ImS Im-hn \n pw c maxv hnhmlw snbvxp. Cu hnhm-l-øn Ggp a ƒ P\n p. \mem a- fpw aq p s] a- -fpw. 1) ] n 2) Ip - 3) sxømtωm 4) tpmkv 5) Ip v 6) tum n 7) h n- 3. txm -πm- (B- p- p-t ) Ipcy Nm n (Ip- - ) txm -πm- Nm n acn p-t]m-bn. `mcy kn n-en-bmω Nm n (Ip-Spw-_-\m-Y). hnemkw Ipcy Nm n, txm -πm-, B q- p-t, ]b- m ]n.-h., A ym-fw. t^m a ƒ A. kndnbiv Nm n (X - ) simc- n-bn tpmk^v adnbw aiƒ tdmk-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) kuay 2) AeIvkv tsmw hnemkw kndn-biv Nm n, B q- p-t, ]b- m ]n.h.. t^m samss_ kndn-b pw (X- - ) IpSpw-_hpw B. A{_mlw Ae-Ivkm- ]m n-bm-ωm- ]p qkv amxyp- -A- Ω aiƒ Ipkp-asØ hnhmlw Ign- p. aq p a ƒ. Hcp s]æpw c m-wpw. 1) B ^n 2) amø- 3) Unssh hnemkw A{_mlw Ae-Ivkm-, B q- p-t, ]b m ]n.-h. Ct mƒ bp.-si.bnem-wv. C. F.-kn. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm n- p v) Nm n- p pw (F.-kn. Ae-Ivkm- ) IpSpw-_hpw 537

35 sims -s m- n txma-kv- -a-dnbw aiƒ h k-ω(fw.-f.)sb hnhmlw snbvxp. \mep a ƒ. Hcp s]æpw aq m-wpw. 1) Zo]vXn 2) Zo]Iv 3) txmakv 4) amxyp hnemkw F.-kn. Ae-Ivkm-, B q- p-t, ]b- m ]n.-h.. t^m samss_ D. tpmk^v Ae-Ivkm- (Hutk- - ) Hutk- - \pw (tpmk^v Ae-Ivkm- ) IpSpw-_hpw AΩ knkn-en-bm-ω-tbm-ssm w XÆn- md Nm n- -A- mω aiƒ B knsb hnhmlw Ign p. \mep a ƒ. aq mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) AeIvkv 2) A\n 3) sim p-dmwn 4) tpmkp-ip n hnemkw tpmk^v Ae-Ivkm-, B q- p-t, ]b m ]n.-h., t^m , samss_ E. amxyp si. Ae-Ivkm- hb-ep- amxyp- -t{x-kymω aiƒ kn se- ns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Hcp ai AenIv. hnemkw amxyp si. Ae-Ivkm-, B q- p-t, ]b m ]n.-h. (bp.-si.) 538 F. tagvkn hn sk v sim m-c-øn Ipcn-b v tpmk-^v- -G-en-bmΩ ai hn sk ns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. c v B a ƒ. 1) F_n 2) APn. hnemkw tagvkn hn sk v, sim m-cw, I msv ]n.-h., ImfsI- n. t^m G.. ssekmω txmakv ]pc-bn-s-øn tpmk-^v- -tdm-k- p n ai txmωm- s\ hnhmlw Ign- p. aq m a- ƒ. 1) Acp 2) t_mwn 3)... hnemkw ssekmω txma-kv, ]pc-bn-s- Øn, ap m- ]n.-h., t^m H. jo\ jmpp Xobm- p-t»-cn h n- -t{x-kymω ai jmpp-hns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Hcp ai sfkven. hnemkw jo\ jmpp, Xobm- p-t»-cn, tash- q ]n.-h. (bp.-si.), t^m I. _o\ at\mpv CS-a\ tpmk-^v- -{_n-pn v ai at\m-pns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. c m a- ƒ. 1) F hn 2) F Pn. hnemkw _o\ at\m-pv, CS-a-\, Iqcm- p v (Im-\-U). t^m Kurian Joseph Thresiamma Joseph, Andukkunnel, Villadu. Ph ) Gracy Babu Puthenpurackal, Panthalloor. Ph ) Joy Joseph (Laly) Andukkunnel, Velladu. Jomon, Jothis, Josmy. 3) Zacharias Joseph Andukkunnel, Manakkadavu Amoolya, Athulya. 4) Sharlet Joseph (Jane) Andukkunnel, Velladu. Ph: Jisna, Joel. 5) Elsamma Joy Kalapurackal, Karuvanchal. Sunil-Binu, Honey, Jobit 6) Molly Joseph Merilac Bhavan, Iritty. 7) Princy Victor, Teresa. 539

36 Ipcy tn\- m-em-bn Rmh- n Ipcy Ing-X-Sn-bq s]mcp-t m-en aømbn Cf n aiƒ Gen-bm-Ωsb hnhmlw Ign v Icq tn\- m-em-bnte v amdn-øm-a-kn- p. Cu Zº-Xn-Iƒ v aq m a- fpw Hcp aifpw. tpmk^v (D-Xp- v), kvidn-b, Ae-Ivkm-, Gen-bm-Ω. 1. tpmk^v (D-Xp- v) ssaem-sq ]pfn- - p-t - C n-sf v a-dn-bω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS Cf-b-a-Iƒ I{Xo-\sb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq mwpw A p s]æpw. Fen-bm-Ω, tdmk-ω, Ipcy, tpmk^v (A- - ), adn-b- p n, A -Ω, X Ω, B Wn (Ip- - ). DXp v 1960 s^{_p-hcn 29 mw Xob-Xnbpw I{Xo\ 1968 P\phcn 18 mw Xob-Xnbpw \ncym-x-cm-bn. Chsc Icq ] nknan-tø-cn-bn IpSpw_ -d-bn kwkvi-cn- p. DXp v s]mxp-p-\-k-ω-x\pw s]mxp- m-cy-{]-h Ø-I\pw Bbn-cp p. Icq ] m-bøv s\sp-ºmd hcp- -Xn\v IqSp-X ] p hln- Xv Ct±-l-am-Wv. ] m-bøv Ccn- p ÿew kup-\yambn simsp-øxpw Ct±-lamWv. hmb-\-im-e, ] m-bøv s]mxp- n-w F n-hbv v ÿew simsp- p-ibpw s\sp- ]tc-x-cmb tpmk-^pw (DXp v) `mcy I{Xo-\bpw 540 ºmd Icq tdmuv bmym yam- p-ibpw snbvxp. 2. kvidnb CS-a w afi-]-øn C n-s -dn-b-xv- -Gen aiƒ Gensb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch I msv Xma-kn- p. Cu hnhm-l-øn Hcp s] Ip n (G-en- p- n) D m-b-tijw `mcy Gen \ncymx-bm-hp-ibpw c m-axv Im n-c- n Ing-t -Ø-e- bv sim q- -d-ºn F{_m-lw- -t{x-kymω aiƒ A m- Ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p-ibpw snbvxp. Cu hnhm-l-øn F mwpw aq p s]æpw. CXn aqø ai ]m - sndp- -Øn \ncym-x-\m-bn. a ƒ Ipcym-, s]æ-ω, C n-cm-, Ip -Ω, Nm n- p v, tacn- p- n, tpmkv, cmp-, hnp-b-, emen-. kvidn-b epw, A mω epw\ncym-X-cmbn. Ccp-h-sc-bpw- I- msv tlmfn-t{imkv]f-fn- knan-tøcnbn kwkvi-cn- p. 3. d-h. ^m. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm n- ) P\n- p. hnzym-`ym-k-øn-\ptijw sshzn-i-\m-ip-hm ]Tn- p- Ibpw ] w kzoi-cn- p- Ibpw snbvxp. ]e ] n-i-fnepw hnimcn-bmbn kvxpxy l-amb tkh\w A\p-jvTn- p. Icq ] nhnimcn Bbn-cp ImeØv B ] n ]pxp- n- -Wn-bp-Ibpw snbvxp. cma- ]pcw hnim-cn-bm-bn-cp ka-bøv tdmuv sskun-ep Ipcn-ip-] n ]Wn-bn- n- p. `c-w-ßm-\øv hnimcn Bbn-cp- -t mƒ hnip A t^m km-ωsb NnIn- n- m-\p `mkyw ^m. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm n- ) e`n- p. `c-w-ßm\w s^mtdm-\m- n hnim-cn-bm-bn-cp- -t mƒ Akp-J-sØ-Øp-S v \ncym-x-\m-hp-ibpw Icq ] n-bn kwkvi-cn- -s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. 4 Gen-bmΩ Ing-X-Sn-bq N Ip-fØv Ipcy - -Gen ai sim p-amøp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq mwpw c v s]æpw. dh. ^m. tpmk^v N Ip-fw, Ipcym-t m, t{xkym-ω, dh. kn. AeIvkm-{Unb, A

37 4.1 dh. ^m. tpmk^v N Ipfw sshzn-i-] w kzoi-cn p. ]e ]f-fn-i-fnepw hnimcn Bbn-cp- p. s]msn-a w sk v tacokv ]ffn hnim-cnbm-bn-cp- -t mƒ Akp-J-sØ-Øp-S v 1944 Pq amkw 14- mw XobXn \ncym-x-\m-bn. Iho- p v sk v At{^nwkv ]f-fnbn kwkvi-cn- p. 4.2 Ipcym-t mkv Ing-X-Sn-bq a\-bm\n adn-b-øns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v k -Xn-Iƒ C m-bn-cp- p. Ccp-hcpw \ncym-x-cm-bn. Chsc Iho- p v sk v At{^wkv ]ffn skan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. 4.3 kn. Fw. B Wn (A- - ) Aºm-d- ]m-d-bn amøpæn tdm aiƒ Nn Ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Bdp-s] a- fpw Bdv B a fpw. A - \pw Nn -Ωbpw \ncym-x-cmbn Chsc Iho- p v sk v At{^wkv]ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. a ƒ ^vtfd-ω, kmen-ω, spkn-bω, knã spkn-en (Ip ptamfn) \n Ω-e,, ^o\m-ω, Ipt - -, Ipcym-, emen-, Ae-Ivkv, Bt m-, bqpn 4.4 t{xkymω DZb\m-]pcw awn msøv tpmk^v A Ω ai amxyp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v A p a ƒ. amxyp epw, t{xkym-ω epw \ncym-x-cmbn Chsc DZ-b-\m-]p-cw sk v tacokv (a-wn- msw) -]-ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvicn- p. a ƒ tpmkv (Ip- m- - ) amø-, tpmb-ω, Be-Ω, adn-bm-ω. Icq tn\- m-em-bn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn DXp- v - -I-{Xo\ Zº-Xn-Iƒ v F p a ƒ. aq mwpw A p s]æpw. 1. Gen-bmΩ I\ymkv{Xo at-øn tn v tkh\w A\p-jvTn- p. F m Ipd p h j-߃ p-tijw A\m-tcm-Kyw-aqew XncnsI hcp- Ibpw ktlm-z-c- m-cpss IqsS Xma-kn- p-ibpw snbvxp \ncym-x-bm-bn. Icq ] n knantø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. 2. tdmkω ac-ßm- p-]n n ]pfn- n De-l- m (tpm ) A ai AUz. tpm Pv hnhmlw Ign- p. tpm Pv tim bw timsxnbn {]mivsokv snbvxn-cp- - -Xn-\m tim bøv Xma-k-am- n. Ch v Hcp aifpw c m a- fpw D m-b-xn-\p-tijw tpm Pv \ncym-x-\m-bn. ]n osv tdmkω ac-ßm- p-]n n sh phgn-bn ho n-te v Xmakw am n. ChcpsS a ƒ s]æ-ω, tpmk^v (Ip v), tpm (tpm-bn) 2.1 s]æ-ω timx-aw-kew s\ n-a- Øv ]o msv tpm v hnhmlw Ign p. Ch v Ggv a ƒ Ipcy-, sim p-dm-wn, X -, Pm kn, ktem-an, tkm-^n, sp n. s]æ-ωbpw tpm pw \ncym-xcmbn. 2.2 tpmk^v (Ip- v) hm- m v Ahn-cm- -t{xkym aiƒ en n- p- nsb hnhmlw Ign v B q Xma-kn- p- p. \mep a ƒ tpm v, {]ao-f, Ahn- -cm-, {]oxn. Address: Adv. George Joseph, Pulikiyil, Palakkattumala P.O. Phone: tpm (tpm-bn) ]mem Iøm-e-bv -IØv txma-kv- -a-dn-bmω aiƒ tacn-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v A p a ƒ. aq mwpw c p s]æpw. tpmbn- \ncym-x-\m-bn. Zo], tcj, {]Zo-]v, A\q]v, kzcq-]v. Address : Mrs. Merimma John, Pulikiyil House, Vettuvazhiyil, Marangattupally, Ph: Ipcy ap p-nnd G p-am-\q m-c Ipcy - -A- Ω aiƒ adn-b- p nsb hnhmlw Ign v tn\- m-em-bn Xd-hm- n Xma- 543 GenbmΩ DXp v

38 kn- p. Ch v \mev B a- fpw Bdp s] a- fpw D mbn. Ipcy 1974 tabv 11 mw XobXn \ncym-x-\m-bn. adn-b- p n 2003 BKÃv 27 \v \ncym-x-bm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw Icq ] n knan-tø-cnbn IpSpw-_- - -d- Ipcy\pw `mcy adn-b- p- nbpw bn kwkvi-cn- p. a ƒ subvkn, s_ n, tpmk^v (cmp- ), tj en, Ipcy (emen kndn-b-iv), Ae-Ivkv, Be-Ω, B -Wn, sp n, sken. 4. tpmk^v (A- - ) sxmsp-]pg ]pd- pg hb- m- n ]me-øn-\m De-l- m - adnbw aiƒ adn-bm-ωsb hnhmlw Ign v I msv Xma-kam n. A \ncym-x-\m-bn. I msp ] n skan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Ch p c v a ƒ HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. tpmfn, tpmk^v (Hu-tk- - ). tpmk^v (A - ) Address : Mrs. Mariamma Joseph, Njavallil,Kappadu, Kalaketty. Ph: adn-b- p n Im n-c- n Ing-t -Ø-e-bv sim q- -d-ºn F{_mlw- -t{xkym ai Ip n-b- (sk-_m-ãy ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v A p a ƒ. c mwpw aq p s]æpw. tpmbn, I{Xn- p n, tdmk-ω, h k-ω, Ahn-cm Ip n-b \ncym-x-\m-bn. adn-b- p n \ncym-x-bm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw s]msn-a w sk vta-cokv ] n skan-tø-cn-bnse IpSpw-_- - -d-bn kwkv -cn- p tpmbn Im n-c- -f-fn-bn \n pw Nß-\m-t»cnbn Xmakn- p Icn- m- -d-ºn txma-kv Xd-Ω- a-iƒ adn-b-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p -s] a- ƒ. 1) tcj 2) -nx 3) ImX-ssd. tpmbn \ncym-x-\m-bn. s]msna w sk v tacokv ]ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Address: Mrs. Mariamma Joseph, Kondooparambil, Kanjirapally. Ph: , Mob: Ahn-cm- hs- t cn txh Im v tpm v eoe aiƒ jme- ns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v a ƒ c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 1. sk_m-ãy 2. {]n kv tpm Pv 3. tdmk acnb anãn-. Address: Mr. K.S. Abraham, Kondooparambil, Palampra P.O. Ph: , Mob: I{Xn- p n ssh w Im p-a-\- tpm-k^v adn-bω ai tum. F{_mlw (A-hn-cm- ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Fd-Wm-Ipf-fØv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq p- a ƒ c mwpw Hcps]Æpw. 1. tpmkv 2. tuhn-uv, 3. A\n-X. Address : Mrs. Kathrikutty Abraham, Kattumana, Pachalam P.O., Kochi Ph: , Mob: tdmkω Nß-\m-t»cn aqe-bn txmakv A Ω ai tpmk^v (A- - ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p-s] a- fpw Hcm-Wpw. 1. euen, 2. emen 3. en n 4. eme. Address: Mrs. Rosamma Joseph, Moolayil House, Mathumoola, Vazhapally, Changanacherry. Ph: h Ω sim n hs-t - fw tpmk^v C n- A -a-i F{_mlw (tpm-bn) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ Po\. 545

39 v v v Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj... Address : Mrs. Valsamma Abraham, Vadakkekalam, 7.1. tum. tpmk^v tp _v (Hu-tk- - ) ]pfn- p v ]g-b- Erattukulangara Road, Pachalam P.O., Cochin. Ph: 0484 ]d-ºn amxyp adnbw aiƒ t{xkym-ωsb hnhmlw Ign p Ch v aq p a ƒ c p s]æpw Hcm-Wpw. 1) ss\n 2) anen 3) Nmt m-. 6. A Ω Hutk \ncym-x-\m-bn. Imhmew sk awn-b Ip p]-ffn CS-hI πmtøm- -Øn tzh-kym- -a-dnbw txtckm]-ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvicn- p ai hnj sshzy sxmω- hnhmlw Ign- p. c p s] a- ƒ D m-b-xn-\p-tijw A Ω \ncym-x-bm-bn. Address : Mrs. Thresiamma Joseph, Chirayil, Pattil, Kavalam Acp-hn-Øpd sk tpm v ]ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvicn- p. Ph: , a ƒ X -Ω, sxøm-ω Ipamcn Nß-\m-t»cn aqe-bn Nmt m- Gen- p n ai tpm v (k-æn) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ X Ω BWpw Hcps]Æpw. 1) Itcm-fn 2) Pm vk 3) spbvk Xot mbn IS-πm- Nmt m a-dnbw ai tpmk^v (A- Address: Mrs. Kumari George, Moolayil, Vazhapally, - ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ge- md ASpØv Icp- -cp-hnbn Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ tpmk-^v, txmakv, Changanacherry. Ph: sim p-dmwn Cucm- p-t] ]pfn- amxyq tacn ai tacn. tpmk^v (Hu-tk- - ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p Address: Mrs. Thankamma Joseph, Kadaplackal. Chinnar Fourth a ƒ D m-b-tijw Hcp hml\ A]-I-S-Øn Hu-tk- - Mile, Karimtharuvy; Ph: \ncym-x-\mbn. 1) tum. acnb 2) ss v, 3) tum. amxyp sxømω Address : Mrs. Kochurani Joseph, Pulikkal House, Parayil, Lane, ]q m IS-πm- h n a-dn-bω ai tpmk^v (sim v) Railway Station Road, Kottayam. Ph: hnhmlw Ign- p. ]mxm-ºpg Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq p 7.4. tamfn amf IWn- mbn txmakv eqkn ai t]mfn hnhmlw a ƒ tpm p-ip- n, adn-b-ω, eoem-ω. Ign- p. Ch v aq p-a- ƒ c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. Address: Mrs. Theyyamma Joseph, Kadaplackal, Pathampuzha, 1) t]man 2) Pt m 3) Nn p. Mob: Address: Mrs. Moly Paul, Kanichai, Puliyilakkunnu Astamichira, Chalakkudy. Ph: , Mob: X Ω 7.5. t{kkω Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv \n[ocn Ip p-tem- F kω Imhm-eØv Nnd-bn ]Øn tpmk-^v- -t{x-kymω ai ai cmp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p s] a- ƒ. Nmt m- hnhmlw Ig-n p. Ch v c mwpw A p 1) cmjn 2) cp\n 3) tcj. cmp \ncym-x-\m-bn. s]æpw. Nmt m Unkw-_ 25 \pw X Ω 1987 Address: Mrs. Gresamma Rajan, Nidhiri, Kuravalangad. Unkw-_ 17 \pw \ncym-x-cm-bn. Imhmew sk txtc-km- Ph: , ]-ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvicn- p B kn Ipd-hn-e-ßmSv IÆ- d sk_m-ãy t{xkymω a ƒ Ipam-cn, Hutk- -, sim p-dm-wn, tamfn, t{kkω, ai t n hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p a ƒ 1) h -, B kω. tp _v 2) sk_m-ãy (D-Æn)

40 Address: Mrs. Ancy Baby Kannanthara, Kuravilangad. Phone: , Mob: tum. tpm Pv tp _v (h- - ) amf -t]-tc- m-s tuhokv en n aiƒ ssj\nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p s] a ƒ 1) X Ω 2) en n 3) A. Address: Dr. George Jacob, Wynad Resins, Punnappala P.O. Wandoor. Ph: , Mob: B Wn (Ip- - ) simgp-h-\m \n pw Be-t m v Xma-k-am- nb s]mdp-ß- \m tum. amxyphns bpw t{xkymωbpssbpw aiƒ {Soksb hnhmlw Ign p. Ch v Bdv B a ƒ. U kv, amxyp, Ae-Ivkv, kj-dn-bm-kv, nt^ Uv, am n. Ip tabv amkw 1 mw XobXn lrzb ikv{x-{in-bsb-øp-s v \ncym-x-\m-bn. Icq Xncp-lr-Zb ] n-kn-antø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Ip - 14 h jw XpS -bmbn Icq ] m-bøv {]kn-u v Bbn-cp- p. ticf tim {Kkv ÿm]-i-t\-xm- -fn Hcm-fmbn-cp p. 548 ]tc-x-\mb B -Wnbpw (Ip - ) `mcy {Sokbpw Address: Mrs. Tresa Antony, Njavallil, Flat No. 2, Lake Palazzo, St. Johns Road, Ulsoor, Banglore. Ph: , Mob: Xd-hm- n Xma-kn Ipcy - -adn-b- p n ZºXn-Iƒ v \memwpw Bdp s]æpw 1. subvkn ssi\sn ] n-øm-\-øv aømbn A ai At m-\n- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch ssi\-sn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v \mep s]æpw F m-wpw. dm_n, adn-bm-ω, Ipcym-, Ae-Ivkv, ss n, tpm n, tsmwn, do\,-tsmw, _nun, sim p-tam (kp-pn-øv), tpmwn. Address : Mrs. Daisy Antony, Pallithanam, Kainadi, Kuttanad, Ph: adn-bω X ]md am q-cm ]tc-x-\mb tpm_ns bpw t{xkym- Ω-bp-sSbpw ai amø- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch ]me- m v Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ HcmWpw c v s]æpw. tpm_v, Sm\n-b, sd\y. Address: Mrs. Mariamma Mathew, Manjooran, Javahar Nagar Extension, Kurudikkadu, Puthuserry P.O., Palakkad. Ph: Mob: dm_n Ipdp-º-\Sw ap m- p-ip-t amxyp adn-bω aiƒ sp nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp ai A_n. Ch Ipdp-º-\- SØv Xma-kn- p p. Address : Mr. Raby Antony, Pallithanam Illimoodu Kurumbanadom, Chenganacherry. Mob: Ipcy- hmbv]qcv ASn-]pg sk_m-ãy A mω aiƒ A\p-hns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq v s] a- ƒ do\p, dn p, dn k. Address: Mr. Kuriachan Antony, Pallithanam, Kainady, Kuttanadu. Ph: , Mob: AUz. AeIvkv B Wn Nß-\m-t»cn Ipdp- ]d-ºn tpmk^v A Ω aiƒ joesb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Nß-\m-t»-cn-bn Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq pa ƒ. c v BWpw Hcp s]æpw. B, ImX-dn, sk_m. Address : Adv. Alex Antony, Pallithanam, Changanacherry. Ph: , Mob:

41 1.5 tpmkn ap p- p-xd Ipf p-d-ømsg tpmw- Gen- p n aiƒ A (an-\n)sb hnhmlw Ign- p. tpmkn _mw q tpmen snøp p. Ch v c v a ƒ HcmWpw Hcp-s]-Æpw. B -Wn, ImX-dn. Address: Mr. Jossy Antony, Alpine Tulip, Flat No. 204, 54 Nagarapalaya Main Road, Maruthy Seva Nagar, Banglore Ph: , Mob: joseat@hotmail.com. 1.6 tsmwn tim bw am n-f-t»cn txma-kv tacn-bω aiƒ en knsb hnhmlw Ign- p. ssi\-sn-bn Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v Hcp ai Xcp. Address: Mr. Tony Antony, Pallithanam, Kainady, Kuttanadu Mob: tonykainady@hotmail.com. 1.7 tsmw Fd-Wm-Ipfw Ffw-Ipfw \ß nho n ]tc-x-\mb txmakv t{xkymω aiƒ {]n knsb hnhmlw Ign- p. tsmw snss bn tpmen snøp- p. Ch v Hcp ai Fdn Address: Mr. Tom Antony, Pallithanam, Home Finders Estate, 8 th Block Flat No.2. Near Miot Hospital, Chennai. Ph: Mob: kppnøv B Wn (sim- p-tam ) kn.-f. ]m mbtijw Xncp-h-\- -]pcw ssivt\m-]m n tpmen snøp- p. Address: Mr. Sujith Antony, Pallithanam, Kainady Kuttanad, Mob: sujithantony@gmail.com 1.9 tpmwn Ata-cn- -bn D]-cn-]-T\w \S-Øn-s m- n-cn- p- p ss n as mºv sim m-c-øn Fgp-Im- n A - t{xkymω ai tpmw- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Nß-\m-t»cn ASpØv 550 Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c v a- ƒ tpmk^v (Pn-tbm-^n ), Pn. Address : Mr. Tessy Johnappan, Kottarathil, Ezhukattil, Thengana Changanacherry. Ph: , Mob: do\ timx-aw-kew Ce- n- Ip - X Ω ai Bt m hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch timx-aw-k-eøv Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v aq pa ƒ. t{xkym, ImX-dn, cmlq Address Mrs. Reena Anto, Elanjickal, Malanyankizhu, Kothamangalam Ph: , Mob: _nun Ip ymsn Ihn-ew-]md Ce-h-\m Nmt m X Ω ai spbvtam (Pn-Ωn) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Imhn-ew-]m-d-bn Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v c p a ƒ acn-b, Nmt m-. Address : Mrs. Biny Jaimon, Elavanal, Kavilampara, Kuttiyadi. Ph: , Mob: s_ n sxmsp-]pg Ieq \ºnbm-]-d-ºn sim p-ip-sn-bn sndnbm - -A ai aøm-bn- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ieq ] n p kao]w Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v \memwpw aq p s]æpw. sndn-bm-, _o\, Ipcym-, amxyq-kv, tacn-ω, tpmkn, tej Address: Mrs. Betty Mathew, Kochukudiyil, Kaloor, Muvattupuzha. Ph: , , Mob: sndn-bm- timgn-t msv I - psn (ssi-\-sn) t n- F kn- p n aiƒ _o\sb hnhm-lw Ign- p. Ch Ieq Xma-knbv p- p. Ch v c v a ƒ amxyp, {Sok. Address: Mr. K.M. George, Kochukudiyil, Kaloor, Moovattupuzha. Ph: , Mob: ,

42 2.2 _o\ Xriq ]mtem mc tuhnuv mc- p n ai _npp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch ssl{zm-_m-zn- Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v c v a ƒ dn p, ImØn (s]m- p) Address: Mrs. Beena Biju C/o Biju Davis, Electrical engineer, ICRISAT, Pathancheru, Hydrabad. Ph: , Mob: , Ipcy- Im n-c- n \ocm- (Ip- -Øv) Nmt m- {_npoøv aiƒ spkn-b-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ieq Xma-knbv p- p. Ch v c v B a ƒ amxyp (Ip- p) Nmt m- Address: Mr. K.M. Kuriachan, Kochukudiyil, Kaloor, Moovattupuzha. Ph: Mob: , amxyp tim bw sx n-bn ]tc-x-\mb tpm v F kn aiƒ kcn-xsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ieq Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v c v B a- ƒ amxyp, tpm v. Address: Mr. K.M. Matew, Kochukudiyil, Kaloor, Moovattupuzha. Ph: , Mob: , tacnω hs-bm N p- tpmk^v tacn ai tdmanuv hnhmlw Ign- p. tdmanuv Nm t Uv A u m-wv. Ch Fd-Wm-IpfØv Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v c v a ƒ tdmkvta-cn, Ahp-tk- -. Address: Mrs. Merimma Romid, Chakkumkal, New Kalavath Road, Cochin - 25 Ph: (R) M: tpmkn tn Øe Nnd-bv tpm eoemω aiƒ ]hn-gsø hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c v a ƒ Hcm-Wpw, Hcp-s]-Æpw amxyp, 2. Fen-k-_Øv ( n-b). Ch s_ n-bpssbpw aømbn s bpw IqsS Xma-kn- p- p. Address: Mr. Jossy Mathew, Kochukudiyil, Kaloor, Muvattupuzha. Ph: , , Mob: , tej Iqh- n ]pen- p-t F{_mlØns bpw ]tc-x-bmb Fen-k-_Øns bpw ai tpm hnhmlw Ign- p. tpm ssswkv Hm^v C Uy, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv tpmen snøp- p. Ch v aq v s] a- ƒ Fen-k-_-Øv, s_ n, acn-b. Address: Mrs. Lekha Joe Pulikunnel, Green Valley 32 Pattom P.O., Trivandrum Ph: , Mob: scria.joe@gmail.com. 3 tpmk^v (cmp- - ) ssx m- p-t»cn A[n-Im-c-Øp-]m-d-bn tpm Xc-I-s bpw Gen-bp-sSbpw aiƒ adn-b-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Fd- Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v \mep s]æpw c mwpw. sadn, _nμp, sdpn, kn p, tpmtam, Cμp. tpmk^v 2005 sk]v w-_ 3 mw XobXn \ncym-x-\m-bn. Icq ] n knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. \ncym-x-\mb tpmk^ns `mcy adn-bm-ωbpw IpSpw-_hpw 553

43 Address : Mrs. Mariamma Joseph, Njavallil, CMC 49/ , Thamarassery Road, Peta, Kochi Ph: tj fn timx-aw-k-eøv t]møm-\n- msv (D-Æq- m- v) tpmk-^v- -tdmk ai B Wn hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch `qx-øm si n-\- SpØv sn c Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Bdp s] a- ƒ. aod, amb, a\p, an\n, apn\p, ame. Address : Mrs. Sherly Antony, Pothanikkad (Unnuppatt) Chengara P.O., Boothathankettu, Kothamangalam. Ph: , Mob: aoc Fd-Wm-Ipfw hst - PÃnkv tpm Pn-s bpw tdmknbpssbpw ai AUz-t v amxyp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c v a ƒ B -Wn, tdmjn. Address: Mrs. Meera Mathew Vadakkel, 36/147 St. Augustines Road, Near Vianni Press, Ernakulam 18. Ph: (O), (R) Mob: amb Rogq Ipcymkv t]mfn-s bpw A m-ω-bp-ssbpw ai Nm t Uv A u- v eq m- hnhmlw Ign- p. eq m Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv {]mœokv snøp- p. Ch v c v a ƒ (Hcm-Wpw, Hcp-s]-Æpw) F, t]mƒ Address: Mrs. Maya Luke, Toch Retreat, Toch Nagar Vytilla,Ernakulam. Ph: , Mob: a\p hsbm tnme- cn amø- ^ntem-an\ ai tjmpn hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ata-cn-bv -bn Xma-kn-v p- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ amxyp (cm-lp ), ^ntem-an\ (dn-bm- ^n- n), B Wn. 554 Address: Mrs. Manu Shoji C/o Shoji Mathew, 3423-W Lake Avenue, Glen View,60026, Chicago U.S.A. Phone: an\n Nß-\m-t»cn snøn- pg Nme-bv ^nen v A Ω ai tumwn hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Zp_m-bn Xma-kn-bv p p Ch v c p B a ƒ ^nen v (tpm), B Wn Address: Mrs. Mini Dawny C/o Dawny Philip, Computer Department Commercial Bank of Dubai, P.O. Box 2668, Dubai Ph: , Mob: apn\p Im n-c- n B\-Øm\w h - eoemω ai amø- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c v B a ƒ tpm v (h- p) B Wn. Address: Mrs. Majinu Mathew, Anathanam, Karimavu Estate, Kanjirapally Mob: ame dm n CS-a B\-Øm\w amxyp A Ω ai tsmwn hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v Hcp ai amxyp Adress: Mrs. Mala Toney C/o Toney Mathew, 3. Thejus Appartments, Panorama Residency, Kumaranasan Road Kochi Mob: Ipcy (emen kndn-b-iv) Im n-c- - n-bn \n pw, dm n CS-a-Æn Xma-kn- p B\-Øm\w C n-b-hn-cm- -I-{Xo\ aiƒ adn-b-ωsb hnhmlw Ign p. ]mem-bn Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. HcmWpw c p s]æpw. a p, hn\p, anep. Address: Mr. Laly Cyriac Njavallil Kizhathadiyoor P.O., Pala Ph: , Mob: , lalichan552@gmail.com, lalichan4@skipe. 555

44 Ipcy- \pw IpSpw-_hpw 6. AeIvkv ssh w DÆn-tb-SØv tpmk-^v- -Gen aiƒ ^ntemsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Icq tn\- m-em-bn Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. a-dn-bm-ω, Ipcy. Address: Mr.Alex Kurian Njavallil, Karoor P.O., Pala Ph: Mob: , AeIvkpw IpSpw-_hpw 7. BeΩ Bep-h Idp-tØ-SØv FkvX- m kmd ai tsman hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v \mep a ƒ. c mwpw c p s]æpw. ane, dnøp, c p, an p. 556 Adress : Mrs. Alamma Tomy, Karuthedath, Syrian Church Road, Aluva Ph: , , Mob: ane Aºmd Ie-b-Øn-\m sim p-πm- Ahp-tk- - eoemω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai Ahn-cm- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch kuzn Atd_ybn Xma-kn-bv p- p. Ch v aq v a ƒ tpmk^v (B-jn-jv), BXn-c, Aeo\. Adress : Mrs. Mila Abraham, C/o. Abraham Joseph, Finance Manager, Jubail Industrial Chemical Industries, Jubail City, Saudi Arabia. Ph: , Mob: sc p hmg- pfw \ºn-bm-]-d-ºn ssxøn amxyp A mω ai tpmtpm hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch su ln-bn Xma-kn- v I.A.S.tIm nßv C Ãn- yq v \SØp p. Ch v c v a ƒ kmhn-tbm, suman\niv. Adress: Mrs. Renju Jojo, C/o Jojo Mathews, Interactions IAS Study Centre, MIIPS - B - 19, 2nd Floor, Salija House, Dr. Mukkarjee Nagar, Delhi , Ph: , , Mob: dnøp (Ão-^ tpmk-^v) timx-aw-kew t]møm-\n- m v DÆq- m v B Wn tacn- p n aiƒ tumwsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Bep-hm-bn Xmakn-bv p- p. Ch v Hcp ai suman-\niv. Adress: Mr. Rithu Tomy, Karuthedath, Cyrian Church Road, Aluva. Ph: , , Mob: an p Xriq sh q a fn hn sk v eo\m aiƒ Nn\phns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Bep-hm-bn Xma-kn-bv p p. Adress: Mr. Mittu Tomy, Karuthedath, Syrian Church Road, Aluva. Ph: , , Mob: ,

45 B -Wnbpw IpSpw-_hpw 8. B Wn Xncp-h-\- -]pcw Bdm- p-ipfw amxyp- -F-en-k-_Øv aiƒ t\mdsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch CS-bm-dn-ep em Ivkv sk {Sn-^yq-K ^mivs-dn-bpss \S-Øn- n-\mbn Fd-Wm-IpfØv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c m a- ƒ. sptdmw, sp^n. Address: Mr.Antony Kurian Njavallil, Chattangattu Lane, Palarivattam, Cochin. Ph: (R), (O) Mob: , sp n `c-w-ßm-\-øp-\n pw ]mxm-ºpg Xma-kn- p ]q n- pfw Ipcy - -a-dnbw ai Ae-Ivkm- (Nm- n- ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. c p s]æpw. Hcm-Wpw. kox, jd, ko. jd mw hb- n \ncym-x-\m-bn. Address: Mrs.Jessy Alex,Poondikulam, Kakkanad P.O. Eranakulam. Ph: , Mob: acnb (ko m) Ipd-hn-e-ßm v \n pw IpSn-bm ae Xma-kn- p a -Øn t n- -s bpw s]æ-ω-bp-ssbpw ai Pntbm hnhmlw 558 Ign- p. acn-bbpw Pntbmbpw snss -bn tpmen snøp p. Ch v c v B a- ƒ. 1. BImiv 2. {]W-hv. Address: Mrs. Maria Geo, Customs & Exise Ezhilagum, No. 3, Block A, Ground Floor, No. 75-Church Road, Perumgudy- Chennai - 96 Mob: sken ap p-nnd \ocm- (I-bn-º- n-bn ) tpmk-^v- -tdm-kω ai spbnwkv (tpm-bn- ) hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. HcmWpw c p s]æpw. nj, nt\m, n p. Address: Mrs. Celine James, Neerackal, Muttuchira, Ph: , , Mob: nj Xriq Nnd-bØv tpm cmpω ai Pnw hnhmlw Ign- p. Pnw Z tumœ BWv. Ch Cw n Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ se\ nt\m awn-ae πm m v hnt\mzv sken aiƒ aoxp-hns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq v a ƒ c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) cmlp 2) tdml 3) cp^m. Address : Mr. Tino James Neerackkal, Kaimpattiyil, Muttuchira. Ph: , , Mob: n p timx-aw-k-eøv DÆ-q m v t]møm-\n- m v tpmk^v ssee ai B Wn hnhmlw Ign- p. Address: Mrs. Tinchu Antony Pothaincattu, Unnuppatt, Kuthukuzhy P.O., Kothamangalam. Ph: , Mob: , Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn- p (Late) cmp- - -a-dn-bmω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Bdp a ƒ 1. sadn Icp-hm-c-Ip v sxt -Øe ]tc-x-\mb sk_m-ãy - -en- n- p n ai tpmkv hnhmlw Ign- p. Icp-hm-c-Ip- n Xmakn- 559

46 p- p. Ch v c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. Nn p, 5. ]mem-bn Xma-kn- p Ipcy- adn-bω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v sk_m-ãy. Hcp ai\pw c p s] a fpw. Address: Mrs. Merene Jose, Thekkethala House, Kizhakkethala 5.1. a p Im -n-c n B\- v Icn- m- p-]-d-ºn tp _v P.O., Karuvarakundu. Ph: , Mob: , (]m- - ) F kn Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai tsmwn hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ. c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. 2. _nμp 1) Fen-k-_Øv (eo-k) 2) tp _v (tpm-jzm) 3) Ipcy AXn-c-ºpg ]osn-i-bv ]tc-x-\mb sk_m-ãy - t{xkymω ai PnPn hnhmlw Ign- p. PnPn v _l-dn-\n amivkn tamkv (dq-_ ). Address : Mrs. Manju Tony, Karikkattuparampil,, Anakkallu, tpmenbmb-xn-\m Ch AhnsS Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Kanjirappally, Ph: , Mob: a ƒ. c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. Ãohv, sã^n, sã_n. toneyjacob@gmail.com. Address: Mrs. Bindhu Gigi, C/o Gigi Sebastian, The Asian School, Baharin. Ph: hn\p ]mem fmew ae-am- tdmbn- -en n aiƒ knansb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ A jm. hn\p FdWm- 3. sdpn Ip-fØv tbkv _m v amt\-p-cmbn tpmen -t\m- p- p. Ip ym-sn-bn tpmen snøp- p. Address: Reji Joseph Njavallil, Kuttiadi P.O., Kozhikode. Mob: Address : Mr. Vinu Kurian Njavallil, 4D. Silver lawns, Marottichuvadu, Ernakulam. Ph: , Mob: 4. knμp vinu75@gmail.com. Ab p w Ipgn-a- -Øn amxyp- a-dn-bmω ai tsm-an anep ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw snss txm -a- Øn hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ab Ip- Øv Xma-kn- p- p. tpmk^v cawn ai spdmƒuv (sp-dn) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c m a- fpw Hcp ai-fpw. amø-, Znb, Ch _mw q-cn Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Hcp ai Hutk -. tpmk^v am n. Address : Mrs. Sindu Thomas, Kuzhimattathil Ayarkunnam, Address : Mrs. Milu Jerry, 29/A, 3 rd Floor 1 st Main Rd, Ganga Kottayam. Mob: Nagar Extention, Banglore - 32 Ph : Mob : 5. tpmtam , milukurian@gmail.com ]T-\-tijw Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv tpmen snøp- p. AΩ-bp-sS IqsS 6. Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p Ae-Ivkv- -^ntem Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Xma-kn- p- p. t^m : Hcp s]æpw Hcm-Wpw 6. Cμp (sim p-tamƒ) tn Øe hs-t - cn IqemØp tpmk-^v- -B-eokv ai 6.1. adn-bω tpm Pv (tpm- ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch -v aq p a ƒ Ub- n-ivkn D]-cn-]-T-\-Øn-\p-tijw Nß-\m-t»cn IpdptPmk-^v, Ipcy, A. º\Sw ]Δ-Øn tum. tpmwn-s bpw A -Ω-bp-sSbpw Address: Mrs. Indu George, Vadakkekari, Powerhouse Road. ai tp _v tpm (tp-tpm) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch e - CMC 3, Cherthala, Ph: , Mob: \n Xma-kn- p- p

47 Address: Mrs. Mariamma Jacob, 19-B Harcourt Avenue, Southendon Sea, Essex - SS-2, 6 HT, Ph: , - jacobpowthil@southend.nls.uk, jojopowathil@hotmail.in 6.2. Ipcy _n.timapw Fw.-_n.-Fbpw ]m m-b-xn-\p-tijw kuøv C Uy _m v apss_ t^m v imj-bn Hm^o-k-dmbn tpmen snøp- p. Address: Mr. Kurian Alex, The South Indian Bank Ltd. Mumbai Fort Branch, Mumbai Ph: I msv Xma-kn ]tc-x-\mb tpmk-^v- -a-dn-bω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v c p a ƒ 1. tpmfn IZ-fn- msv ]me-a- -Øn amxyp- -t{xkym ai amø- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. c p s]æpw HcmWpw. 1) s] n 2) sa en 3) sat m. Address: Mrs. Jolly Mathew, Palamattam, Kadalikkadu, Muvattupuzha. Ph: s] n a - n aw-ta tpm v X Ω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai cmp hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c v a ƒ Hcm-Wpw, Hcp-s]-Æpw. 1) tpm 2) tkm\. Address: Mrs. Peggy Rajan, Manamel,, Mallappally, Pathanamthitta. Ph: sa en Imk tkmuv ]p - p v Hgp-I-bn tpmk^v A - p n ai sndn-bm hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq v a ƒ tdmwn, amøp- p- n, sfk v (dn-bm Ip- v). Address: Mrs. Merly Cherian, Ozhukayil, Punnakkunnu P.O. Via Kasargod, Ph: , Mob: , sat m Iøq Bem-\n-bv aqtø-søv ]tc-x-\mb amxyp X Ω aiƒ APn-tamsf hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq v a ƒ c m-wpw, Hcps]Æpw. 1, amxyp, 2. ImX-ssd, 3. amwn Address: Mr. Metto Mathew, Palamattom, Kadalikkadu, Muvattupuzha. Ph: Hutk- - s (tpmk^v) IpSpw_w 2. tpmk^v (A-hp-tk- - ) Bephm Xfn-bØv ]tc-x-cmb sl ao-kv- -tdm-kω aiƒ Djsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch I msv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c m a- ƒ. 1) dntpm 2) A p. Hutk- - F.Un. _m n Ub-d-IvSdmbn H n-e-[niw XhW {]h Øn- n p v. Kerala Congress (J) bpss ÿm]it\xm- -fn Hcm-fmWv. Address : Mr. Joseph J. Njavallil, Kappadu Kalaketty. Ph: , , Mob: dntpm aqe-a w sndp-\n-eøv ]q n- pfw kvidn-bm- h kω Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai-ƒ tdmkns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch I m p Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ nbm. Address : Mr. Rijo Joseph Njavallil, Kappadu, Kalaketty. Ph: ,

48 A p Acn- pg Npcm- pg tdmantbm spbvkω aiƒ dopsb 3. AeIvkv Rmh- n Xd-hmSv imj... hnhmlw Ign- p. Chcpw I m v Xma-kn-bv p- p. Address: Mr. Appu Joseph Njavallil, Kappadu, Kalaketty Ph: timgn-t msv aem- -d-ºn \n pw Ct mƒ _m q Xma-kn- p (]tc-x-\mb) B -Wn- -{Sokm Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Bdm a- ƒ 1. U kv (U n) Iq n- ]pxn-bm-]-d-ºn Idnbm- adn-bmω aiƒ B\nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Hcp s] Ip n D m-bn. F nepw hr -tcm-ksø-øp-s v B\nbpw P \m D m-bn-cp Icƒ tcmksø-øp-s v Ip nbpw \n-cym-x-cm-bn. Ccp-h-scbpw Iq n- ] nknan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- n-cn- p- p. U n ]n osv ]pfn- p v amfn-b- p-cbv ]p qkv- -A- Ω aiƒ U nbpw IpSpw-_hpw dn nsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v aq p a ƒ c m-wpw, Hcp s]æpw. B Wn Nm n, ]p q-kv tpmk-^v, ok. Address : Mr. Douglas Antony Njavallil, Mount Carmel Estate, Kailasanad P.O. Ph: , ; Mob: , amxyp (am v) ]mem txm p- tpmbn-bp-ssbpw sken-s bpw aiƒ do_sb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v 4 a ƒ. HcmWpw, aq p -s]æpw. 1) t{skn 2) tacnb (a-cn-b) 3) ImX-ssd antj 4) B Wn ^nen v. Address: Mr. Mathew Antony Njavallil, Rods & Creels, St. Patricks Business Complex, 21, Musum Road, Banglore Ph: , Mob: am pw IpSpw-_hpw Complex 21, Musum Road, Banglore Tel. Phone: , Mobile: k -dn-bmkv (km n) Xr q-wn-øpd Im n- kj-dn-bmkv- - CØΩ aiƒ a phns\ hnhmlw Ign p. Ch v c v B a ƒ. 1) B Wn km nbpw IpSpw-_hpw 565 Im n-c- n Icn-º-\m A p-hn-s bpw A -Ω-bpsSbpw aiƒ t{sknsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. 1) t{sk ( nb) 2) A 3) I{Xo-\. Address : Mr. Alex Antony Njavallil, Rods & Creels, St. Patricks Business AeIvkpw IpSpw-_hpw tpmk-^v (Hu-kn) 2) k dn-bmkv amxyp (am-øp). Address : Mr. Zacharias Antony Njavallil, LS Software, St. Patricks Business Complex 21, Musum Road, Banglore Tel. Phone: , Mobile Phone:

49 5. nt^ Uv Imf-sI- n \n pw tim bøv Xma-knbv p s]m Ip-fw amxyp- -ex Zº-Xn-IfpsS aiƒ Znbsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Ch v c v a ƒ. 1) B -Wn 2) amxyp. Address : Mr. Clifford Antony Njavallil LS Software, St. Patricks Business Complex 21, Musum Road, Banglore Ph: ; Mob: am n 566 nt^ Upw IpSpw-_hpw Fd-Wm-Ipfw Ipdp- matw FΩm-\p-h (_m-_p) ^ntem Zº-Xn-I-fpsS aiƒ kvt\lm acn-bsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp ai B Wn bm q_v. Address : Mr. Martin -am n\pw IpSpw-_hpw Antony Njavallil, Architact - Interior Designer, St. Patricks Business Complex 21, Musum Road, Banglore , Ph: Mob: I m-sp- Xm-a-kn- -]-tc-x-\mb kvidnb (I-dn-bm- ) I-dnbm \v c v hnhm-l-øn-embn ]Xn-s\m- p-a- ƒ. a ƒ 1) Gen- p- n 2) Ipcym- 3) F{_mlw 4) Ae-Ivkm- 5) tpmkv 6) hn sk v 7) spbnw-kv 8) kvidn-b 9) s]æ-ω 10) Ip Ω 11) tacn p n Gen- p n ssxøn ]q\møv Hutk v t{xkymω ai eq m- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp s]æpw aq m-wpw. Gen- p n epw, eq m epw \ncym-x-cm-bn. Ccp-hscbpw apsn-bq tlmfn- ^manen ]ffn knan-tøcn-bn kwkvi-cn p. Idn-bm- \pw (kvidnb) `mcybpw 1. kæn Fcp-taen Imhmew Nmt m- adn-bmω aiƒ kn n-en- p nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ am{xw. {]oxn. Ch Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn- p- p. Address : Mr. P.L. Sunny, Thayil House, Kolathiri Road, Poonithura P.O., Kochi, 17, Ph: t n Ipd-hn-e-ßm v a -Øn Nmt m- -G-en-bmΩ aiƒ Ip- -Ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p s] a ƒ. \ox, \nj. Address: Mr. P.L. Zacharia, Thayil Poonatha, Gandi Nagar P.O., Kottayam. Ph: en n- p- n Im n-c- n I dbv- Icn- m- p-]-d- ºn Nmt m- adn-bm-ω-bpss ai aøm-bn- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v \mep a ƒ. c m-wpw, c v s]æpw. Address : Mr. Mathew C. Kallarackal, Anakkallu, Kanjirapally, Ph: X - tnm n sh p-h-b-en Nmt m- -a-dn-b- p n aiƒ eqknsb hnhmlw Ign v C n-bm-\n-bn Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. ko\m, knμp. Address : Mr. Thankachan, Thayil, Injiyani P.O., Mundakayam. Ph:

50 4 (2). F.-F-kv. kndn-biv (Ipcym- ) kndn-bipw (Ipcym- ) `mcybpw ssx m- p-t»-cn C.-sP. Ae-Ivkm- -dp-ssbpw tacn Ae- Ivkm- -dp-ssbpw aiƒ tamfnsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch s]msn-a- Øv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v F p a ƒ. GgmWpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) tdmbn kndn-biv M.Sc. F Pn-\o-b 2) AeIvkv kndn-biv B.Sc. F Pn-\o-b 3) sp n kndnbiv B.Com., LLB 4) A{_lmw knd-n-biv B.Sc. F Pn-\ob 5) tum. tpm_v kndn-biv MBBS, FRCP 6) _ntpmbn kndn-biv B.Sc. F Pn-\o-b 7) _nt\mbn kndn-biv B.Sc. F Pn-\o-b 8) nk. Address: Mr. N.S. Cyriac, Njavallil, Podimattam P.O., Kanjirappally. Ph: F.-Fkv. A{_mlw (C- n-cm- ) shfn-b-\msv ]pø ]p-c-bn A -s bpw tn -Ω-bp-sSbpw aiƒ Nn n-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Im n-c- n ] n-bpss ASpØv hs-t - -dºv F ]pc-bnsw hmßn hosp-h v AhnsS Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v ]tc-x-\mb A{_mlw (C n-cm- ) A p a ƒ. c mwpw aq p s]æpw. 568 A{_m-l-Øns IpSpw_w 1) Idn-bm- 2) s kn 3) kn n 4) tpm - 5) adn-b-ω. C n-cm \ncym-x-\mbn Im n-c- n s^mtdm\m- -f-fn -sk-an-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Address : Mrs. Chichimma Abraham Njavallil, Kanjirappally, Ph: F.-F-kv. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm- n- p- v ) sh q- nd sxmgp-øp- -h-b-en tpmk-^n-s bpw tacn-bp-ssbpw aiƒ skens\ hnhmlw Ign v I msv Xma-kn- p p. Ch v \mep a ƒ. HcmWpw aq p s]æpw. 1) ssj\n 2) Idnbm- 3) an\n 4) kpan. Nm n- p v 1986 G{]n 20 mw XobXn \ncym-x- \m-bn. I msv tlmfn-t{imkv ]ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Address : Mrs. Celenamma Alex Njavallil, Kappad P.O. Kalaketti. Ph: F.-F-kv. Ae-Ivkm- (Nm n- p v )

51 Ae-Ivkm- -dns `mcybpw ai Idn-bm- \pw IpSpw_w 4.5. F.-F-kv. tpmkv ]tc-x-\mb F.-F-kv. tpmkpw IpSpw-_hpw 570 Nº- pfw am- n-f-t»cn sim psxm-ω-nbp-ssbpw A -Ω-bpsSbpw aiƒ knkn-ensb hnhmlw Ign v ssiem-k- md Xma-kn- p. Ch v c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) \nj 2) Idn-bm-. tpmkv BZy-Ime Ge I j-i-cn Hcmfpw s]mxp-k-ω-x-\pw, s]mxp-imcy {]h Ø-I\pw Ft m Sqdn-k-Øns D]- m- Xm-hp-am-Wv. At±-l-amWv GetØm- -Øn-\p-ff dntk v ÿm]n- m BZy-ambn Xp\n- Xv. {]kn- -amb Im taenb dntkm v At±-l-Øns BZy-Ime kwcw-`-ßfn H m-wv. tpmkv \ncym-x-\m-bn, ssaemspw-]md thfm- ÆnamXm ]ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. Address: Mrs. Cicilyamma Jose, Njavallil, Kailasanadu P.O., Nedumkandom. Ph: , tum.f.-f-kv. hn sk v (cm-p- ) Aºmd Ie-b-Øn-\m Ipt - -s bpw tdmk- Ω-bp-sSbpw aiƒ tum. tdmk-ωsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch txhc Xma-kn- p. Ch v \mep a ƒ. 1) s kn 2) tdmkvtacn 3) B tacn 4) hn kn. ]tc-x-\mb hn sk v cmp \ncym-x-\m-bn tim p-cpøn sk v tpm s\]pw-kymt\mkv ]-ffn knantø-cn-bn kwkvicn p. Address: Dr. Rosamma Vincent Njavallil, Thevara, Kochi. Ph: , Mob: hn sk ns IpSpw_w 4.7. F.-Fkv spbnwkv (hnp-b- ) Iq n- ]pxn-bm-]-dº-n Idn-bm- -s bpw adn-bm-ω-bp-ssbpw aiƒ tagvknsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p s] a ƒ. 1) Nn p 2) UpUp Address : Mr. N.S. James, Njavallil, Vizhikathodu P.O., Kanjirappally. Ph: ,

52 F.-F-kv. Pbnwkns (hnp-b- ) IpSpw_w (emen- ) F.-F-kv. kvidn-bm-bpss IpSpw_w 4.8. F.-F-kv. kvidnb (em-en- ) Nmaw-]-Xm Im mw-txm- n sxmωn- - -tdm-kω aiƒ sken-\m-ωsb hnhmlw Ign p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. 1) \ox 2) tdmkn 3) kvidnbm- -. Ch I msv Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p p. emen \ncym-x-\m-bn. I m-sv tlmfn-t{imkv]-ffn knan-tø-cn-bn kwkvi-cn- p. 572 Address: Mrs. Celenamma Scaria, Njavallil, Kappad P.O., Kalaketty. Phone: ; Mobile: s]æω Imhmew h n- m v tpmk-^v- -tim-imω ai tpmw- hn-hmlw Ign- p. Ch v Ggp a ƒ. c mwpw A p s]æpw. Ch Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv Xma-kn- p. s]æ-ω-bpw ` Ømhv tpmw- \pw \ncym-x-cm-bn. t^m : a ƒ 1) tpmb 2) jn_p 3) kqkn 4) s kn 5) B kn 6) _ n 7) en v tpmk^v (tpm-bn- ) Nº- pfw am n-f-t»cn ]tc-x-\mb tpmk^v t n- p n aiƒ t{xkym-ωsb hnhmlw Ign p. Ch v aq p a ƒ c m-wpw, Hcp s]æpw. 1) txp 2) PnØp 3) spdn. Address: Joseph John Vallikkattu, Karadiala Estate, Nedumkandam P.O. Ph: Mob: kvidnb (jn-_p) Xe-tbm-e- -dºv, B\m- -d-ºn tpm Pv adnb- p n aiƒ A nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp ai tpman Address: Mr. V. J. Scaria, Vallikkatt, Flat No. 64, Sanskrithi Apartments Kowdiar, Trivandrum Ph: , Mob: vallikad@gmail.com 9.3. kqkn Nnd- -Shv H -πm- ]m - tdmkv ai A{_mlw tpmk^v (A- - ) hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch Ipafnbn Xma-kn- v tlm {Sot v \SØp- p. Ch v 3 a ƒ Hcp s]æpw c mwpw. 1) tdmkv 2) Hutk v 3) tpmwn. Address : Mrs. Susi Abraham Ottaplackal, Thekkady, Kumily Ph: , s_ n Nß-\m-t»cn ]pø Ipfw tpmk^v A Ω ai txmakv Ip n hnhmlw Ign- p. Address: Mrs. Bessy Thomaskutty Puthenkulam, Panachikavu P.O., Chenganacherry. Ph: ]tc-x-\mb emen-

53 9.5. enkv Fd-Wm-Ipfw s]cp-º-f-fn t n t{kkn ai AUzt v 1. _o\ (]n- m- - n ) timb-º-øq B.-F-kv.-]p-cØv Xma- a\p hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ Znb kn- p B Wn kpioe ai dn m Uv hnhmlw Ign- p. Address: Mrs. Liz Manu, Perumpallil H. No. 36/3205, St. Francis Ch v c v B a- ƒ. 1) \ho 2) cmlp. Lane, Azad Road, Kochi Ph: , Mob: Address: Mrs. Beena Richard Antony, Behind ChinthamanyR.S Puram Road, Coimbatore North. Ph: , Mob: Ip Ω richbeen@gmail.com. Im n-c- n Icn- m- -d-ºn tuman-\n-iv- -^n-tem-an\ ai 2. tpm Pv (Pn-t m) {Xniq apb-e suman-\n v adn-bω aiƒ ]utem- hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. _nμp-hns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ HcmWpw 1) suman-\n- 2) Idn-bm- 3) txma-kp-ip- n. Ch Im nc- - n-bn Xma-kn- p- p. c p-s]-æpw. 1) txmakv 2) l- -a-cn-b 3) Aeo acnb Address: Mrs. Kunjamma Paul, Karippaparampil, Kanjirappally, Address: Mr. George Thomas, Olassa, Power House Rd. Ph: Ernakulam. Ph: , Mob: suman-\n v awn-ae πm m v Cu t{kkn aiƒ an\nsb 3. enk sim n ]ø-\m v tp _v tacn ai tpmkv hnhmlw hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v a ƒ c v. B, Sn Ign p Ch v Hcp ai\pw c p s] a- fpw. Address: Mr. Dominic Paul Junior, Karippaparampil, Panachipally 1) Xcp 2) acnb 3) doa P.O. Kanjirappally. Ph: , Address: Mrs. Liza Jose, Payyanad, Harmony Enclave, Idn-bm- th-ew-ip-t Ipcy Gen- p n aiƒ acn-bsb Chelavannoor Road, Ernakulam, Ph: Mob: hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. 1) t]mƒ 2) Ipcy ) sxtck. 4. o\ Be- pg txh Im v AeIvkv A mω ai tum. Address: Mr. Zacharias Paul, Karippaparampil, Ponkunnam ntpm hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq v B a- ƒ 1. AeIvkv P.O. Ph: txma-kv, 3. tpmk-^v txmakv (txm-a-kvip- n) ssx m- p-t»cn hen-bm-d-]m-d-bn h n-x-c-i B\n aiƒ A\n-esb hnhmlw Ign- p. Address: Mrs. Teena T. Tijo, Thevarkadu, Vazhicherry, Ch v a ƒ aq v. 1) A 2) t]mƒ 3) tacn. Alappuzha. Ph: , Mob: Address: Mr.Thomaskutty Dominic, Karippaparampil, -s]msn-a- Øv Xma-kn p Ipcym- - -tamfn Zº-Xn-Iƒ v Kanjirappally. Ph: , Mob: F p a ƒ. Hcp s]æpw GgmWpw tacn- p n 5a(1). tdmbn kndn-biv Du p-i ]n m- - n aø- hnhmlw Ign- p.- Hcp aiƒ. sx n-t\-søv B -Wn- -F-eo\ aiƒ doøm-ωsb hnhmlw _o\ D m-b-tijw aø- \ncym-x-\m-bn. tacn- p- nsb Ign- p. Ch Xr q-wn-øpd Xma-kn- p. Ch v c p a ƒ c m-axv Nß-\m-t»cn Hf-»-bn H.-kn. h okv G-en-bmΩ Zº-Xn-I-fpsS ai H.-hn. txmakv hnhmlw Ign- p. Cu hnhml-øn 3 a ƒ. HcmWpw c p s]æpw. a ƒ 1) enkm D m-b-tijw tdmbn \ncym-x-\m-bn. 1) kndn-b-iv 2) B Wn kvidnb (I-dn-bm ) doøm-ωsb tpmkn kndn-biv ]p\ - 2) nt m 3) o\m. hnhmlw snbvxp. Address: Mrs. Marykutty Thomas, Olassa, Power House Road, 5a(2) AeIvkv kndn-biv Im n-c- n Icn-º-\m F{_m-l- Ernakulam Ph: Øns bpw adn-bm-ω-bp-ssbpw aiƒ koen-bmsb hnhmlw

54 Ign- p. Ch ssh n-e-bn Xma-kn- p- p. AeIvkv Fb I o-j-\nwkv B Uv sd{^n-p-td- I kƒ m-wv. Ch v c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. 1) Fen-k-_Øv tacn Ae-Ivkv 2) Ipcy tpmk^v. Address: Alex Cyriac Njavallil, New Toc School Road, Lane 8, Janatha, Vyttila - Cochin Ph: Mob: a(4). A{_mlw kndn-biv tpm n kndn-bipw IpSpw-_hpw Fen-k-_-Øv tacn AeIvkv kndn-biv Fen-k-_Øv tacn tim bw hmg -d-ºn tpmkv tj en ai hnsp-bv tpmkv hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch _m qcv Xmakn p- p. Address: Mrs. Elizabeth Jose, C-504 Manthri Splendor Gaddahalli, Hennoor Main Road Bangalore Ph: Mob: elsalex@rediffmail.com 5a(3) tpm n kndn-biv Xncp-h-\- -]p-cøv ]md-bn tum. si.-c-k-uv. tpm ns bpw tamfn-bp-ssbpw aiƒ an\nsb hnhmlw Ign p. Ch {Xn qwnøp-d-bn Xma-kn- p- p. c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. Fen-k-_-Øv (eo) Ipcy Address: Abraham Cyriac, Njavallil, V.T.J. Enclave, Maradu, Ernakulam. Ph: , Mob sx n-t\-søv doøm-ωsb hnhmlw snbvxp. Hcp aiƒ Fen-k-_-Øv. Address: Mr. Jossy Cyriac, Njavallil, Chittethukara, Kakkanad P.O., Ph: , Mob: A{_mlw kndn-bipw IpSpw-_hpw 577

55 5.a(5.) tum. tpm_v kndn-biv Nß-\m-t»cn amωq- n tum. sndn-bm-s bpw eqkn-bp-ssbpw aiƒ Pn\nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. a ƒ c p t]. 1) Ipcy 2) Fen-k-_- Øv. Ipcym- ]oun-bm-{sniv tum. tpm_pw IpSpw-_hpw Im Un-tbmfPn kvs]jy-ssekv snbvxn-cn- p- p. Address: Dr. Job Cyriac Njavallil, D.C.H. M.R.C.P., C.M.R.C.P.C.A.H. Halose End., Station Road, Hatfield Pevaral, Shemsphord, C.M.32 D.T., UK Ph: a (6). _ntpmbv kndn-biv Fd-Wm-Ipfw aæq- -d-ºn sk_m-ãy-s bpw t{kkn-bp-ssbpw aiƒ kp\n-xsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. Ipcy, sk_m-ãy, kvidn-b. _ntpm-bnbpw IpSpw-_hpw 578 Address: Mr. Bijoy Cyriac Njavallil, E-28/2211, Kachapally Lane, Cheruparampathu Road, Kadavanthara, Cochin. Ph: , Mob: a7. _nt\mbv kndn-biv _nt\m-bnbpw IpSpw-_hpw Xncp-h-\- -]pcw X m-t»-cn-bn tpmfn- -s bpw tatpmbpssbpw aiƒ jmep-hns\ hnhmlw Ign- p. aiƒ Fen-k-_-Øv. Address: Mr. Binoy Cyriac Njavallil, Lake View, Enclave, Mountain Road, Vyttila, Kochi 19. Ph: , Mob: a 8. nk Im n-c- n sim - pfw amxyp-hn-s bpw eqkn-bp-ssbpw ai tsman hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p s] a- ƒ. eqkn B txmakv, Fen-k-_Øv B txma-kv. 579

56 nkmbpw IpSpw-_hpw 580 Address: Mrs. Tissa Thomas Kollamkulam, 8 A-Abbad Cloud 9, Vidyanagar, Kadanthara, Kochin 20. Ph: , Mob: Im n-c- - n-bn Xma-kn ]tc-x-\mb C n-cm- (-F-{_m-lw)- -Nn- nω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v A pa ƒ. c mwpw \mep s]æpw. 5b1. kvidnb Icn-aÆq ta\m-t cn tpmbn- -s bpw sp n-bp-ssbpw aiƒ \nωnsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c p s] a- ƒ. 1) kuay 2) kpja Address: Mr. Scaria Abraham, Njavallil, Kanjirappally. Ph: , b2. tpmjn tpmjn (tpm n- ) XpS-ß-\mSv ]\- n-\m-\n- ]m - acnb aiƒ im nsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ c m-wpw, Hcp s]æpw knkn-en-b, C n-dm-, sk_m- Ãy (sk-_m ) Address: Mr. Joshy Abraham Njavallil, Kanjirappally, Ph: b3. knkn G p-am-\q Aø-ºSw \nc-t Nmt m- -s bpw A m-ωbp-ssbpw ai sxm-ω- hnhmlw Ign- p. sxmω- F Pn-\o-b-dm-Wv. Ch Ata-cn- -bn Xma-kn- p- p. aq p a ƒ. Hcp s]æpw c m-wpw. 1) Xmc 2) spbnw-kv 3) A_p (A{_m-lw). 5b4. adn-b-ω snß-f-øp-]-d-ºn \nt m-fmkv A mω ai s_ n hnhmlw Ign p. Ch h tasv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v 5 a ƒ aq q-s]æpw c m-wpw. F k, knkn-en, Ãm\n, F_n, sado-\. Address: Mrs. Mariamma Benny, Chengalathuparambil Estate, Pampupara P..O. Vandanmedu. Ph: Mob: , b5. sskn tim bw aw msv Icn- m-]-d-ºn tpmbn- -s bpw A m- Ω-bp-sSbpw ai tpm_n hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v c pa- ƒ 1) Sn\p 2) suman-\n-iv. Address: Mrs. Tessy Joby Karippapambil, Manarecadu P.O. Kottayam 913 Ph: , Mob: I msv Xma-kn ]tc-x-\mb Nm n- p- v - -sk-en Zº-Xn- Iƒ v \mep a ƒ. HcmWpw aq p s]æpw. 4 (c) 1 ssj\n awn-ae πm m v Cu - -s bpw t{kkn-bp-ssbpw ai _m_p hnhmlw Ign- p. aq p a ƒ. c mwpw Hcp s]æpw. Cu, Ae-Ivkv, t{xky Address: Mrs. Shiny Babu, Plakkat, Manimala, Ph: , Mob: c2. Idn-bm- hm m v Np - pc Ip n - -A- Ω aiƒ tdmkvansb hnhmlw Ign v I m v Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v c p a ƒ. sim nx, AeIvkv (Um\n-tb ) Address: Mr. Scaria Alexander, Njavallil Kappadu, Kalaketty Mob: , c3. an\n Nº- pfw Ih-e-bv tpmk-^v- -tdm-kω ai tpmk-^m hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. s k, F km, acn-b. 581

57 Address: Mrs. Mini Joseph, Kavalakkal, Aleppy. Ph: , Mob: c4. kpan ssx m- p-t»cn Fgp-]p ]mdm-bn h n- -B-eokv ai tpm Pv hnhmlw I-gn- p. Ch v aq p a ƒ. HcmWpw c p s]æpw. {]oxni, h n-, tacn Address: Mrs. Sumi George, Ezhupunna parayil, Thykattusserry. Ph: , Mob: ssiem-k- md Xma-k-am- nb ]tc-x-\mb tpmkv - -kn-kn-en-bmω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v c p a ƒ. HcmWpw Hcp s]æpw. 5d1. \nj ap - -bøv s]m Ipfw tpmkv- -amkn ai amxyqkv hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp ai. Zo]-Iv. Address: Mrs. Nisha Mathews, Pottenkulam, Mundakayam, Ph: Mob: d2. Idn-bm- ]T-\-Øn-\p-tijw tlm _nkn-\kpw txm hpw t\m n \S-Øp- p. txhc Iym]v amxyp tpm Pn-s bpw kmdm-bpssbpw aiƒ Aiz-Xnsb hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch v Hcp-a-I tpmjzm. Address: Mr. Scaria Jose, Njavallil Carmelia Resorts, Vandanmedu. Ph: , scariajosenajavallil@gmail.com txhc Xma-k-n ]tc-x-\mb cmp- \pw tdmk-ωbv pw \mep s] a- ƒ. 5.e1. s knb hs- m-t cn Nncn-b I- -Øn eqbo-kv- -Hm-a\ Zº-Xn-IfpsS ai tsmwn hnhmlw Ign v Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv Xma-kn- p- p. Ch v Hcp aiƒ. se n B Wn eqbo-kv. t^m : e2. tdmkv tacn (A p) ]mem sim p-im- n ]pxp-a\ (æm-hn-s) Hutk- - -s bpw A m-ω-bp-ssbpw ai k p hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch ]membn Xma-kn- p- p. Hcp aiƒ antj. Address: Mrs. Rose Mary Sanju, Kottukappally, Puthuman, Kadappattoor P.O., Arunapuram, Ph: , e3. B tacn ( \o\p) Be- pg s\ p-im-c (]- n- -d-ºn ) tpm v tpmk-^ns bpw \oa-bp-ssbpw ai tpm hnhmlw Ign- p. Address: Mrs. Ann Mary Joe Nellukaran Palliparambil Chungam, Aleppy, Ph: e4. hn kn Fw.-_n.-_n.-Fkn\p ]Tn- p- p Im n-c- - n-bn Xma-k-am- nb hnp-b - -tagvkn Zº-Xn-Iƒ v c p s] a- ƒ. 5.f 1 Nn p ({Sokm tacn) amωqsv am n-f-t»cn tum. Ipcy - -a-dn-bmω ai tum. ssa nƒ n. Ipcy hnhmlw Ign- p. Ch shãv Bkvt{Sen-bm-bn Xma-kn p p. 5.f 2 UqUp (A t^m km acn-b) ]Tn- p- p. I msv Xd-hm- n Xma-kn- p emen- sken\mω Zº-Xn-Iƒ v aq p a ƒ. HcmWpw c p s]æpw. 5.g 1 \ox (t{x-kym-ω) XnS-\mSv ]pen- p-t amxyp- -AΩnWn ai tum. k Pp (su n-ãvv) hnhmlw Ign- p. k p ]mem-bn {]mivsokv snøp- p. Hcp aiƒ dnb. 583

58 Address: Mrs. Neetha Sanju, Pulikunnel, Thidanadu. Ph: , Mob: g 2 tdmkn tn Øe Dgph ] n- m-c amxyp- -enkm ai PntPm hnhmlw Ign- p. kn - qcn Xma-kn- p- p. Ph: , g 3 Idn-bm- F n-\o-b-dnw-kn\p ]Tn- p- p. Ph: