Cubical Structures for Higher-Dimensional Type Theories
|
|
- Mervin Randall
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Cubicl Structures for Higher-Dimensionl Type Theories Ed Morehouse October 30, / 36
2 A higher-dimensionl type theory depends on notion of higher-dimensionl bstrct spces. Mny choices: globulr, simplicil, cubicl, opotopic, etc. We wnt bstrct spces with good topologicl properties s well s good combintoril nd computtionl properties. Ltely, we hve been thinking bout cubicl structure. 2 / 36
3 The Cubicl Perspective Severl cubicl structures hve been proposed s bsis for models of higher-dimensionl type theory. We survey some of their fetures. 3 / 36
4 Abstrct Cubes A cube ctegory is symmetric monoidl ctegory with distinguished object, the bstrct intervl, I. In cube ctegory,, for ech n N, we hve n bstrct n-dimensionl cube, [n] I I. n 4 / 36
5 0-Dimensionl Cube (point) [0] 5 / 36
6 1-Dimensionl Cube (intervl) [1] 6 / 36
7 2-Dimensionl Cube (squre) [2] 7 / 36
8 3-Dimensionl Cube (cube) [3] 8 / 36
9 n-dimensionl Cube??? [n] 9 / 36
10 Cubiness We seek n equtionl presenttion of cubes so we cn describe cubes of ny dimension nd the reltionships between them. 10 / 36
11 Cubicl Sets A cubicl set is preshef on cube ctegory: b c d f h g A B [0] [1] [2] The cubes we re interested in reside in the fibers, sorted by dimension. Mps between bstrct cubes determine contrvrint functions describing reltionships between cubes. 11 / 36
12 Boundry Mps An bstrct intervl hs two distinguishble boundry points. This gives us notion of pth., + ([0] [1]) f b b [0] [1] 12 / 36
13 Boundry Mps An bstrct intervl hs two distinguishble boundry points. This gives us notion of pth., + ([0] [1]) f b b [0] [1] + 13 / 36
14 Degenercies Represent the ide of trivil pth: ε ([1] [0]) [1] ε [0] 14 / 36
15 Boundry-Degenercy Lws i ε = id([0]) ε [0] [1] [0] i id 15 / 36
16 (, ε) genertors, +, ε reltions ε = = + ε 16 / 36
17 Digonl Mps Represent the ide of pth cutting through the middle of squre: ([1] [2]) A d b A c d [1] [2] 17 / 36
18 (, ) So fr, the digonl is under-specified: we don t sy how to cut through the middle of squre. But there is still something tht we know for certin: its boundry. genertor reltions i = i i 18 / 36
19 Symmetricl Digonls If the digonl cuts through the squre in stright line then we get more lws: digonl-digonl lw ( [1]) = ([1] ) represents cutting through the middle of 3-cube. 19 / 36
20 Symmetricl Digonls If the digonl cuts through the squre in stright line then we get more lws: digonl-digonl lw ( [1]) = ([1] ) represents cutting through the middle of 3-cube. 20 / 36
21 Symmetricl Digonls If the digonl cuts through the squre in stright line then we get more lws: digonl-digonl lw ( [1]) = ([1] ) represents cutting through the middle of 3-cube. 21 / 36
22 Symmetricl Digonls Also, putting the intervl in the digonl of the squre nd then squishing the squre bck into the intervl long either dimension is identity: digonl-degenercy lws (ε [1]) = id([1]) = ([1] ε) 22 / 36
23 (ε, ) You my recognize these s the comonoid lws: reltions = ε = = ε If we extend this comonoid structure nturlly to ll [n], then the monoidl structure becomes crtesin. 23 / 36
24 Crtesin Cubicl Sets Crtesin cubicl sets hve severl good properties, eg: It is strict test ctegory (hs the right homotopy theory ). Contexts of dimension vribles behve structurlly (dmit exchnge, wekening nd contrction). 24 / 36
25 Reversls Represent the ide of following pth bckwrds: ρ ([1] [1]) b!f f b [1] ρ [1] 25 / 36
26 (, ε, ρ) The theory (, ε) plus: genertor ρ reltions ρ ρ =, ρ ε = ε ρ = +, + ρ = 26 / 36
27 Connections Represent nother kind of degenercy, identifying djcent, rther thn opposite, sides of n bstrct cube. They collpse squre to n intervl, like folding pper fn: γ ([2] [1]) f b f f b [2] γ [1] 27 / 36
28 (, ε, γ) The theory (, ε) plus: genertor γ reltions (γ, + ) forms monoid: γ γ = γ γ + = = + γ γ 28 / 36
29 (, ε, γ) The theory (, ε) plus: genertor γ reltions is n bsorbing element (zero) for this monoid: = γ ε = γ 29 / 36
30 (, ε, γ) The theory (, ε) plus: genertor γ reltions ε is morphism for this monoid structure: γ ε = ε ε (plus boundry-degenercy lw from before) 30 / 36
31 Connections nd Reversls Using reversl, we get three more connections, one for folding the squre t ech of its corners: γ ++ (f) f f γ + (f) f b b!f f b b!f γ + (f)!f!f γ (f) 31 / 36
32 Composition Fncier structures, such s cubicl groupoids, extend cubicl sets with composition structure. E.g. f + x g: f g b c E.g. A + x B: b c A B d e f (lws vilble but elided) 32 / 36
33 Subdivision In some cses, we my be ble to subdivide cubes in cnonicl wy. E.g. pdding: f b b = A = 33 / 36
34 Box Filling Cubicl sets with the box-filling property re clled Kn : e f h f A h g g Kn cubicl sets tht re uniform with respect to degenercies re importnt for interpreting higher-dimensionl type theories. 34 / 36
35 Constructive Box Filling With reversls nd connections, we cn constructively fill pdded boxes in cubicl set. A right djoint to subdivision then lets us fill boxes in the fibrnt replcement of cubicl set. 35 / 36
36 Thnks! / 36
Yet Another Cartesian Cubical Type Theory
Yet Another Crtesin Cubicl Type Theory Anders Mörtberg Crnegie Mellon University nd University of Gothenburg Types, Homotopy Type theory, nd Verifiction HIM Bonn June 6, 2018 Anders Mörtberg June 6, 2018
More informationEilenberg MacLane mapping algebras and higher distributivity up to homotopy
Eilenberg McLne mpping lgebrs nd higher distributivity up to homotopy Hns-Jochim Bues 1 Mrtin Frnklnd* 2 1 Mx-Plnck-Institut für Mthemtik 2 Universität Osnbrück Homotopy Theory: Tools nd Applictions University
More informationBefore we can begin Ch. 3 on Radicals, we need to be familiar with perfect squares, cubes, etc. Try and do as many as you can without a calculator!!!
Nme: Algebr II Honors Pre-Chpter Homework Before we cn begin Ch on Rdicls, we need to be fmilir with perfect squres, cubes, etc Try nd do s mny s you cn without clcultor!!! n The nth root of n n Be ble
More informationMATH34032: Green s Functions, Integral Equations and the Calculus of Variations 1
MATH34032: Green s Functions, Integrl Equtions nd the Clculus of Vritions 1 Section 1 Function spces nd opertors Here we gives some brief detils nd definitions, prticulrly relting to opertors. For further
More informationWeek 10: Line Integrals
Week 10: Line Integrls Introduction In this finl week we return to prmetrised curves nd consider integrtion long such curves. We lredy sw this in Week 2 when we integrted long curve to find its length.
More informationChapter 14. Matrix Representations of Linear Transformations
Chpter 4 Mtrix Representtions of Liner Trnsformtions When considering the Het Stte Evolution, we found tht we could describe this process using multipliction by mtrix. This ws nice becuse computers cn
More informationMath 8 Winter 2015 Applications of Integration
Mth 8 Winter 205 Applictions of Integrtion Here re few importnt pplictions of integrtion. The pplictions you my see on n exm in this course include only the Net Chnge Theorem (which is relly just the Fundmentl
More informationGoals: Determine how to calculate the area described by a function. Define the definite integral. Explore the relationship between the definite
Unit #8 : The Integrl Gols: Determine how to clculte the re described by function. Define the definite integrl. Eplore the reltionship between the definite integrl nd re. Eplore wys to estimte the definite
More informationProperties of Integrals, Indefinite Integrals. Goals: Definition of the Definite Integral Integral Calculations using Antiderivatives
Block #6: Properties of Integrls, Indefinite Integrls Gols: Definition of the Definite Integrl Integrl Clcultions using Antiderivtives Properties of Integrls The Indefinite Integrl 1 Riemnn Sums - 1 Riemnn
More informationINTRODUCTION TO LINEAR ALGEBRA
ME Applied Mthemtics for Mechnicl Engineers INTRODUCTION TO INEAR AGEBRA Mtrices nd Vectors Prof. Dr. Bülent E. Pltin Spring Sections & / ME Applied Mthemtics for Mechnicl Engineers INTRODUCTION TO INEAR
More informationBernoulli Numbers Jeff Morton
Bernoulli Numbers Jeff Morton. We re interested in the opertor e t k d k t k, which is to sy k tk. Applying this to some function f E to get e t f d k k tk d k f f + d k k tk dk f, we note tht since f
More informationChapter 4 Contravariance, Covariance, and Spacetime Diagrams
Chpter 4 Contrvrince, Covrince, nd Spcetime Digrms 4. The Components of Vector in Skewed Coordintes We hve seen in Chpter 3; figure 3.9, tht in order to show inertil motion tht is consistent with the Lorentz
More informationHow can we approximate the area of a region in the plane? What is an interpretation of the area under the graph of a velocity function?
Mth 125 Summry Here re some thoughts I ws hving while considering wht to put on the first midterm. The core of your studying should be the ssigned homework problems: mke sure you relly understnd those
More informationMain topics for the First Midterm
Min topics for the First Midterm The Midterm will cover Section 1.8, Chpters 2-3, Sections 4.1-4.8, nd Sections 5.1-5.3 (essentilly ll of the mteril covered in clss). Be sure to know the results of the
More informationRiemann Sums and Riemann Integrals
Riemnn Sums nd Riemnn Integrls Jmes K. Peterson Deprtment of Biologicl Sciences nd Deprtment of Mthemticl Sciences Clemson University August 26, 2013 Outline 1 Riemnn Sums 2 Riemnn Integrls 3 Properties
More informationChapter 0. What is the Lebesgue integral about?
Chpter 0. Wht is the Lebesgue integrl bout? The pln is to hve tutoril sheet ech week, most often on Fridy, (to be done during the clss) where you will try to get used to the ides introduced in the previous
More informationand that at t = 0 the object is at position 5. Find the position of the object at t = 2.
7.2 The Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus 49 re mny, mny problems tht pper much different on the surfce but tht turn out to be the sme s these problems, in the sense tht when we try to pproimte solutions we
More informationCHAPTER 4 MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
CHAPTE 4 MULTIPLE INTEGAL The objects of this chpter re five-fold. They re: (1 Discuss when sclr-vlued functions f cn be integrted over closed rectngulr boxes in n ; simply put, f is integrble over iff
More informationMath 426: Probability Final Exam Practice
Mth 46: Probbility Finl Exm Prctice. Computtionl problems 4. Let T k (n) denote the number of prtitions of the set {,..., n} into k nonempty subsets, where k n. Argue tht T k (n) kt k (n ) + T k (n ) by
More information20 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS
0 MATHEMATICS POLYNOMIALS.1 Introduction In Clss IX, you hve studied polynomils in one vrible nd their degrees. Recll tht if p(x) is polynomil in x, the highest power of x in p(x) is clled the degree of
More informationNumerical Methods I Orthogonal Polynomials
Numericl Methods I Orthogonl Polynomils Aleksndr Donev Cournt Institute, NYU 1 donev@cournt.nyu.edu 1 MATH-GA 2011.003 / CSCI-GA 2945.003, Fll 2014 Nov 6th, 2014 A. Donev (Cournt Institute) Lecture IX
More informationRiemann Sums and Riemann Integrals
Riemnn Sums nd Riemnn Integrls Jmes K. Peterson Deprtment of Biologicl Sciences nd Deprtment of Mthemticl Sciences Clemson University August 26, 203 Outline Riemnn Sums Riemnn Integrls Properties Abstrct
More informationChapter 6 Notes, Larson/Hostetler 3e
Contents 6. Antiderivtives nd the Rules of Integrtion.......................... 6. Are nd the Definite Integrl.................................. 6.. Are............................................ 6. Reimnn
More informationMath 113 Exam 1-Review
Mth 113 Exm 1-Review September 26, 2016 Exm 1 covers 6.1-7.3 in the textbook. It is dvisble to lso review the mteril from 5.3 nd 5.5 s this will be helpful in solving some of the problems. 6.1 Are Between
More informationHeat flux and total heat
Het flux nd totl het John McCun Mrch 14, 2017 1 Introduction Yesterdy (if I remember correctly) Ms. Prsd sked me question bout the condition of insulted boundry for the 1D het eqution, nd (bsed on glnce
More informationPHYS 4390: GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE 6: TENSOR CALCULUS
PHYS 4390: GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE 6: TENSOR CALCULUS To strt on tensor clculus, we need to define differentition on mnifold.a good question to sk is if the prtil derivtive of tensor tensor on mnifold?
More informationThe First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. If f(x) is continuous on [a, b] and F (x) is any antiderivative. f(x) dx = F (b) F (a).
The Fundmentl Theorems of Clculus Mth 4, Section 0, Spring 009 We now know enough bout definite integrls to give precise formultions of the Fundmentl Theorems of Clculus. We will lso look t some bsic emples
More informationIs there an easy way to find examples of such triples? Why yes! Just look at an ordinary multiplication table to find them!
PUSHING PYTHAGORAS 009 Jmes Tnton A triple of integers ( bc,, ) is clled Pythgoren triple if exmple, some clssic triples re ( 3,4,5 ), ( 5,1,13 ), ( ) fond of ( 0,1,9 ) nd ( 119,10,169 ). + b = c. For
More informationHere we study square linear systems and properties of their coefficient matrices as they relate to the solution set of the linear system.
Section 24 Nonsingulr Liner Systems Here we study squre liner systems nd properties of their coefficient mtrices s they relte to the solution set of the liner system Let A be n n Then we know from previous
More informationState Minimization for DFAs
Stte Minimiztion for DFAs Red K & S 2.7 Do Homework 10. Consider: Stte Minimiztion 4 5 Is this miniml mchine? Step (1): Get rid of unrechle sttes. Stte Minimiztion 6, Stte is unrechle. Step (2): Get rid
More informationSpanning tree congestion of some product graphs
Spnning tree congestion of some product grphs Hiu-Fi Lw Mthemticl Institute Oxford University 4-9 St Giles Oxford, OX1 3LB, United Kingdom e-mil: lwh@mths.ox.c.uk nd Mikhil I. Ostrovskii Deprtment of Mthemtics
More informationHow do we solve these things, especially when they get complicated? How do we know when a system has a solution, and when is it unique?
XII. LINEAR ALGEBRA: SOLVING SYSTEMS OF EQUATIONS Tody we re going to tlk bout solving systems of liner equtions. These re problems tht give couple of equtions with couple of unknowns, like: 6 2 3 7 4
More informationTHE NUMBER CONCEPT IN GREEK MATHEMATICS SPRING 2009
THE NUMBER CONCEPT IN GREEK MATHEMATICS SPRING 2009 0.1. VII, Definition 1. A unit is tht by virtue of which ech of the things tht exist is clled one. 0.2. VII, Definition 2. A number is multitude composed
More informationNotes on length and conformal metrics
Notes on length nd conforml metrics We recll how to mesure the Eucliden distnce of n rc in the plne. Let α : [, b] R 2 be smooth (C ) rc. Tht is α(t) (x(t), y(t)) where x(t) nd y(t) re smooth rel vlued
More informationLine and Surface Integrals: An Intuitive Understanding
Line nd Surfce Integrls: An Intuitive Understnding Joseph Breen Introduction Multivrible clculus is ll bout bstrcting the ides of differentition nd integrtion from the fmilir single vrible cse to tht of
More informationUnit #9 : Definite Integral Properties; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Unit #9 : Definite Integrl Properties; Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus Gols: Identify properties of definite integrls Define odd nd even functions, nd reltionship to integrl vlues Introduce the Fundmentl
More informationIntroduction to Group Theory
Introduction to Group Theory Let G be n rbitrry set of elements, typiclly denoted s, b, c,, tht is, let G = {, b, c, }. A binry opertion in G is rule tht ssocites with ech ordered pir (,b) of elements
More informationBest Approximation in the 2-norm
Jim Lmbers MAT 77 Fll Semester 1-11 Lecture 1 Notes These notes correspond to Sections 9. nd 9.3 in the text. Best Approximtion in the -norm Suppose tht we wish to obtin function f n (x) tht is liner combintion
More information4.4 Areas, Integrals and Antiderivatives
. res, integrls nd ntiderivtives 333. Ares, Integrls nd Antiderivtives This section explores properties of functions defined s res nd exmines some connections mong res, integrls nd ntiderivtives. In order
More informationLogarithms. Logarithm is another word for an index or power. POWER. 2 is the power to which the base 10 must be raised to give 100.
Logrithms. Logrithm is nother word for n inde or power. THIS IS A POWER STATEMENT BASE POWER FOR EXAMPLE : We lred know tht; = NUMBER 10² = 100 This is the POWER Sttement OR 2 is the power to which the
More informationNUMERICAL INTEGRATION. The inverse process to differentiation in calculus is integration. Mathematically, integration is represented by.
NUMERICAL INTEGRATION 1 Introduction The inverse process to differentition in clculus is integrtion. Mthemticlly, integrtion is represented by f(x) dx which stnds for the integrl of the function f(x) with
More informationDISCRETE MATHEMATICS HOMEWORK 3 SOLUTIONS
DISCRETE MATHEMATICS 21228 HOMEWORK 3 SOLUTIONS JC Due in clss Wednesdy September 17. You my collborte but must write up your solutions by yourself. Lte homework will not be ccepted. Homework must either
More informationLesson 1: Quadratic Equations
Lesson 1: Qudrtic Equtions Qudrtic Eqution: The qudrtic eqution in form is. In this section, we will review 4 methods of qudrtic equtions, nd when it is most to use ech method. 1. 3.. 4. Method 1: Fctoring
More informationEnergy Bands Energy Bands and Band Gap. Phys463.nb Phenomenon
Phys463.nb 49 7 Energy Bnds Ref: textbook, Chpter 7 Q: Why re there insultors nd conductors? Q: Wht will hppen when n electron moves in crystl? In the previous chpter, we discussed free electron gses,
More informationMath Advanced Calculus II
Mth 452 - Advnced Clculus II Line Integrls nd Green s Theorem The min gol of this chpter is to prove Stoke s theorem, which is the multivrible version of the fundmentl theorem of clculus. We will be focused
More informationNew Expansion and Infinite Series
Interntionl Mthemticl Forum, Vol. 9, 204, no. 22, 06-073 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikri.com http://dx.doi.org/0.2988/imf.204.4502 New Expnsion nd Infinite Series Diyun Zhng College of Computer Nnjing University
More informationAnalytical Methods for Materials
Anlyticl Methods for Mterils Lesson 7 Crystl Geometry nd Crystllogrphy, Prt 1 Suggested Reding Chpters 2 nd 6 in Wsed et l. 169 Slt crystls N Cl http://helthfreedoms.org/2009/05/24/tble-slt-vs-unrefined-se-slt--primer/
More informationChapter 6. Infinite series
Chpter 6 Infinite series We briefly review this chpter in order to study series of functions in chpter 7. We cover from the beginning to Theorem 6.7 in the text excluding Theorem 6.6 nd Rbbe s test (Theorem
More informationNondeterminism. Nondeterministic Finite Automata. Example: Moves on a Chessboard. Nondeterminism (2) Example: Chessboard (2) Formal NFA
Nondeterminism Nondeterministic Finite Automt Nondeterminism Subset Construction A nondeterministic finite utomton hs the bility to be in severl sttes t once. Trnsitions from stte on n input symbol cn
More informationThe Regulated and Riemann Integrals
Chpter 1 The Regulted nd Riemnn Integrls 1.1 Introduction We will consider severl different pproches to defining the definite integrl f(x) dx of function f(x). These definitions will ll ssign the sme vlue
More informationMapping the delta function and other Radon measures
Mpping the delt function nd other Rdon mesures Notes for Mth583A, Fll 2008 November 25, 2008 Rdon mesures Consider continuous function f on the rel line with sclr vlues. It is sid to hve bounded support
More informationFinite Automata Theory and Formal Languages TMV027/DIT321 LP4 2018
Finite Automt Theory nd Forml Lnguges TMV027/DIT321 LP4 2018 Lecture 10 An Bove April 23rd 2018 Recp: Regulr Lnguges We cn convert between FA nd RE; Hence both FA nd RE ccept/generte regulr lnguges; More
More informationCoalgebra, Lecture 15: Equations for Deterministic Automata
Colger, Lecture 15: Equtions for Deterministic Automt Julin Slmnc (nd Jurrin Rot) Decemer 19, 2016 In this lecture, we will study the concept of equtions for deterministic utomt. The notes re self contined
More informationSTURM-LIOUVILLE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
STURM-LIOUVILLE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS Throughout, we let [, b] be bounded intervl in R. C 2 ([, b]) denotes the spce of functions with derivtives of second order continuous up to the endpoints. Cc 2
More informationPavel Rytí. November 22, 2011 Discrete Math Seminar - Simon Fraser University
Geometric representtions of liner codes Pvel Rytí Deprtment of Applied Mthemtics Chrles University in Prgue Advisor: Mrtin Loebl November, 011 Discrete Mth Seminr - Simon Frser University Bckground Liner
More informationHOMOLOGICAL ALGEBRA 1. LEFT AND RIGHT MODULES
HOMOLOGICAL ALGEBRA ALLEN KNUTSON CONTENTS. Left nd right modules 2. Exct functors 2 3. Projective nd injective modules 4 4. Complexes nd homology 5 5. Mpping resolutions 7 6. Derived functors 8 7. Ext
More informationSummary: Method of Separation of Variables
Physics 246 Electricity nd Mgnetism I, Fll 26, Lecture 22 1 Summry: Method of Seprtion of Vribles 1. Seprtion of Vribles in Crtesin Coordintes 2. Fourier Series Suggested Reding: Griffiths: Chpter 3, Section
More information1 Probability Density Functions
Lis Yn CS 9 Continuous Distributions Lecture Notes #9 July 6, 28 Bsed on chpter by Chris Piech So fr, ll rndom vribles we hve seen hve been discrete. In ll the cses we hve seen in CS 9, this ment tht our
More informationCMDA 4604: Intermediate Topics in Mathematical Modeling Lecture 19: Interpolation and Quadrature
CMDA 4604: Intermedite Topics in Mthemticl Modeling Lecture 19: Interpoltion nd Qudrture In this lecture we mke brief diversion into the res of interpoltion nd qudrture. Given function f C[, b], we sy
More informationHandout: Natural deduction for first order logic
MATH 457 Introduction to Mthemticl Logic Spring 2016 Dr Json Rute Hndout: Nturl deduction for first order logic We will extend our nturl deduction rules for sententil logic to first order logic These notes
More informationImproper Integrals, and Differential Equations
Improper Integrls, nd Differentil Equtions October 22, 204 5.3 Improper Integrls Previously, we discussed how integrls correspond to res. More specificlly, we sid tht for function f(x), the region creted
More informationBases for Vector Spaces
Bses for Vector Spces 2-26-25 A set is independent if, roughly speking, there is no redundncy in the set: You cn t uild ny vector in the set s liner comintion of the others A set spns if you cn uild everything
More information10 Vector Integral Calculus
Vector Integrl lculus Vector integrl clculus extends integrls s known from clculus to integrls over curves ("line integrls"), surfces ("surfce integrls") nd solids ("volume integrls"). These integrls hve
More informationA REVIEW OF CALCULUS CONCEPTS FOR JDEP 384H. Thomas Shores Department of Mathematics University of Nebraska Spring 2007
A REVIEW OF CALCULUS CONCEPTS FOR JDEP 384H Thoms Shores Deprtment of Mthemtics University of Nebrsk Spring 2007 Contents Rtes of Chnge nd Derivtives 1 Dierentils 4 Are nd Integrls 5 Multivrite Clculus
More informationMath 270A: Numerical Linear Algebra
Mth 70A: Numericl Liner Algebr Instructor: Michel Holst Fll Qurter 014 Homework Assignment #3 Due Give to TA t lest few dys before finl if you wnt feedbck. Exercise 3.1. (The Bsic Liner Method for Liner
More informationLesson Notes: Week 40-Vectors
Lesson Notes: Week 40-Vectors Vectors nd Sclrs vector is quntity tht hs size (mgnitude) nd direction. Exmples of vectors re displcement nd velocity. sclr is quntity tht hs size but no direction. Exmples
More informationODE: Existence and Uniqueness of a Solution
Mth 22 Fll 213 Jerry Kzdn ODE: Existence nd Uniqueness of Solution The Fundmentl Theorem of Clculus tells us how to solve the ordinry differentil eqution (ODE) du = f(t) dt with initil condition u() =
More informationAnonymous Math 361: Homework 5. x i = 1 (1 u i )
Anonymous Mth 36: Homewor 5 Rudin. Let I be the set of ll u (u,..., u ) R with u i for ll i; let Q be the set of ll x (x,..., x ) R with x i, x i. (I is the unit cube; Q is the stndrd simplex in R ). Define
More informationPartial Derivatives. Limits. For a single variable function f (x), the limit lim
Limits Prtil Derivtives For single vrible function f (x), the limit lim x f (x) exists only if the right-hnd side limit equls to the left-hnd side limit, i.e., lim f (x) = lim f (x). x x + For two vribles
More informationLecture 3. In this lecture, we will discuss algorithms for solving systems of linear equations.
Lecture 3 3 Solving liner equtions In this lecture we will discuss lgorithms for solving systems of liner equtions Multiplictive identity Let us restrict ourselves to considering squre mtrices since one
More informationalong the vector 5 a) Find the plane s coordinate after 1 hour. b) Find the plane s coordinate after 2 hours. c) Find the plane s coordinate
L8 VECTOR EQUATIONS OF LINES HL Mth - Sntowski Vector eqution of line 1 A plne strts journey t the point (4,1) moves ech hour long the vector. ) Find the plne s coordinte fter 1 hour. b) Find the plne
More informationCS667 Lecture 6: Monte Carlo Integration 02/10/05
CS667 Lecture 6: Monte Crlo Integrtion 02/10/05 Venkt Krishnrj Lecturer: Steve Mrschner 1 Ide The min ide of Monte Crlo Integrtion is tht we cn estimte the vlue of n integrl by looking t lrge number of
More informationLecture 13 - Linking E, ϕ, and ρ
Lecture 13 - Linking E, ϕ, nd ρ A Puzzle... Inner-Surfce Chrge Density A positive point chrge q is locted off-center inside neutrl conducting sphericl shell. We know from Guss s lw tht the totl chrge on
More informationChapter 2. Determinants
Chpter Determinnts The Determinnt Function Recll tht the X mtrix A c b d is invertible if d-bc0. The expression d-bc occurs so frequently tht it hs nme; it is clled the determinnt of the mtrix A nd is
More informationLecture 9: LTL and Büchi Automata
Lecture 9: LTL nd Büchi Automt 1 LTL Property Ptterns Quite often the requirements of system follow some simple ptterns. Sometimes we wnt to specify tht property should only hold in certin context, clled
More informationAnalytically, vectors will be represented by lowercase bold-face Latin letters, e.g. a, r, q.
1.1 Vector Alger 1.1.1 Sclrs A physicl quntity which is completely descried y single rel numer is clled sclr. Physiclly, it is something which hs mgnitude, nd is completely descried y this mgnitude. Exmples
More informationDEFINITION OF ASSOCIATIVE OR DIRECT PRODUCT AND ROTATION OF VECTORS
3 DEFINITION OF ASSOCIATIVE OR DIRECT PRODUCT AND ROTATION OF VECTORS This chpter summrizes few properties of Cli ord Algebr nd describe its usefulness in e ecting vector rottions. 3.1 De nition of Associtive
More informationVectors , (0,0). 5. A vector is commonly denoted by putting an arrow above its symbol, as in the picture above. Here are some 3-dimensional vectors:
Vectors 1-23-2018 I ll look t vectors from n lgeric point of view nd geometric point of view. Algericlly, vector is n ordered list of (usully) rel numers. Here re some 2-dimensionl vectors: (2, 3), ( )
More information5.7 Improper Integrals
458 pplictions of definite integrls 5.7 Improper Integrls In Section 5.4, we computed the work required to lift pylod of mss m from the surfce of moon of mss nd rdius R to height H bove the surfce of the
More informationTheoretical foundations of Gaussian quadrature
Theoreticl foundtions of Gussin qudrture 1 Inner product vector spce Definition 1. A vector spce (or liner spce) is set V = {u, v, w,...} in which the following two opertions re defined: (A) Addition of
More informationLecture 3. Limits of Functions and Continuity
Lecture 3 Limits of Functions nd Continuity Audrey Terrs April 26, 21 1 Limits of Functions Notes I m skipping the lst section of Chpter 6 of Lng; the section bout open nd closed sets We cn probbly live
More informationLecture 1: Introduction to integration theory and bounded variation
Lecture 1: Introduction to integrtion theory nd bounded vrition Wht is this course bout? Integrtion theory. The first question you might hve is why there is nything you need to lern bout integrtion. You
More informationIntroduction To Matrices MCV 4UI Assignment #1
Introduction To Mtrices MCV UI Assignment # INTRODUCTION: A mtrix plurl: mtrices) is rectngulr rry of numbers rrnged in rows nd columns Exmples: ) b) c) [ ] d) Ech number ppering in the rry is sid to be
More informationSession 13
780.20 Session 3 (lst revised: Februry 25, 202) 3 3. 780.20 Session 3. Follow-ups to Session 2 Histogrms of Uniform Rndom Number Distributions. Here is typicl figure you might get when histogrmming uniform
More informationf(x) dx, If one of these two conditions is not met, we call the integral improper. Our usual definition for the value for the definite integral
Improper Integrls Every time tht we hve evluted definite integrl such s f(x) dx, we hve mde two implicit ssumptions bout the integrl:. The intervl [, b] is finite, nd. f(x) is continuous on [, b]. If one
More informationapproaches as n becomes larger and larger. Since e > 1, the graph of the natural exponential function is as below
. Eponentil nd rithmic functions.1 Eponentil Functions A function of the form f() =, > 0, 1 is clled n eponentil function. Its domin is the set of ll rel f ( 1) numbers. For n eponentil function f we hve.
More information5.2 Volumes: Disks and Washers
4 pplictions of definite integrls 5. Volumes: Disks nd Wshers In the previous section, we computed volumes of solids for which we could determine the re of cross-section or slice. In this section, we restrict
More informationDuality # Second iteration for HW problem. Recall our LP example problem we have been working on, in equality form, is given below.
Dulity #. Second itertion for HW problem Recll our LP emple problem we hve been working on, in equlity form, is given below.,,,, 8 m F which, when written in slightly different form, is 8 F Recll tht we
More informationOrthogonal functions
Orthogonl functions Given rel vrible over the intervl (, b nd set of rel or complex functions U n (ξ, n =, 2,..., which re squre integrble nd orthonorml b U n(ξu m (ξdξ = δ n,m ( if the set of of functions
More informationPressure Wave Analysis of a Cylindrical Drum
Pressure Wve Anlysis of Cylindricl Drum Chris Clrk, Brin Anderson, Brin Thoms, nd Josh Symonds Deprtment of Mthemtics The University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 4627 (Dted: December, 24 In this pper, hypotheticl
More informationLecture 3: Equivalence Relations
Mthcmp Crsh Course Instructor: Pdric Brtlett Lecture 3: Equivlence Reltions Week 1 Mthcmp 2014 In our lst three tlks of this clss, we shift the focus of our tlks from proof techniques to proof concepts
More information5.5 The Substitution Rule
5.5 The Substitution Rule Given the usefulness of the Fundmentl Theorem, we wnt some helpful methods for finding ntiderivtives. At the moment, if n nti-derivtive is not esily recognizble, then we re in
More informationNOTES ON HILBERT SPACE
NOTES ON HILBERT SPACE 1 DEFINITION: by Prof C-I Tn Deprtment of Physics Brown University A Hilbert spce is n inner product spce which, s metric spce, is complete We will not present n exhustive mthemticl
More information1 Line Integrals in Plane.
MA213 thye Brief Notes on hpter 16. 1 Line Integrls in Plne. 1.1 Introduction. 1.1.1 urves. A piece of smooth curve is ssumed to be given by vector vlued position function P (t) (or r(t) ) s the prmeter
More informationGraph Theory. Dr. Saad El-Zanati, Faculty Mentor Ryan Bunge Graduate Assistant Illinois State University REU. Graph Theory
Grph Theory Gibson, Ngel, Stnley, Zle Specil Types of Bckground Motivtion Grph Theory Dniel Gibson, Concordi University Jckelyn Ngel, Dominicn University Benjmin Stnley, New Mexico Stte University Allison
More informationRiemann is the Mann! (But Lebesgue may besgue to differ.)
Riemnn is the Mnn! (But Lebesgue my besgue to differ.) Leo Livshits My 2, 2008 1 For finite intervls in R We hve seen in clss tht every continuous function f : [, b] R hs the property tht for every ɛ >
More informationMA 124 January 18, Derivatives are. Integrals are.
MA 124 Jnury 18, 2018 Prof PB s one-minute introduction to clculus Derivtives re. Integrls re. In Clculus 1, we lern limits, derivtives, some pplictions of derivtives, indefinite integrls, definite integrls,
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.ra] 1 Nov 2014
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPLEX CYCLIC LEIBNIZ ALGEBRAS DANIEL SCOFIELD AND S MCKAY SULLIVAN rxiv:14110170v1 [mthra] 1 Nov 2014 Abstrct Since Leibniz lgebrs were introduced by Lody s generliztion of Lie lgebrs,
More information1 2-D Second Order Equations: Separation of Variables
Chpter 12 PDEs in Rectngles 1 2-D Second Order Equtions: Seprtion of Vribles 1. A second order liner prtil differentil eqution in two vribles x nd y is A 2 u x + B 2 u 2 x y + C 2 u y + D u 2 x + E u +
More informationUsing integration tables
Using integrtion tbles Integrtion tbles re inclue in most mth tetbooks, n vilble on the Internet. Using them is nother wy to evlute integrls. Sometimes the use is strightforwr; sometimes it tkes severl
More information