Maximal Inequalities for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process
|
|
- Shauna Davis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Poc. Ame. Math. Soc. Vol. 28, No., 2, (335-34) Reseach Reot No. 393, 998, Det. Theoet. Statist. Aahus Maimal Ineualities fo the Onstein-Uhlenbeck Pocess S.. GRAVRSN 3 and G. PSKIR 3 Let V = (V t ) t be the Onstein-Uhlenbeck velocity ocess solving dv t = V t dt + db t with V =, whee > and B = (B t ) t is a standad Bownian motion. Then thee eist univesal constants C > and C 2 > such that C log (+ ) jv t j C 2 log (+ ) fo all stoing times of V. In aticula, this yields the eistence of univesal constants D > and D 2 > such that D log +log (+ ) jb t j +t D 2 log +log (+ ) fo all stoing times of B. This ineuality may be viewed as a stoed law of iteated logaithm. The method of oof elies uon a vaiant of Lenglat s domination incile [2] and makes use of Itô calculus.. Intoduction Conside the andom movement of a Bownian aticle susended in a liuid. The instein- Smoluchowski theoy suggests the standad Bownian motion B t N (; t) as a model fo the osition of the aticle. The Onstein-Uhlenbeck theoy [6] elies uon Newtonian mechanics and suggests that the osition of the Bownian aticle should be modelled as X t = R t V d whee R V t = e t db e N (; 2 (e2t )) is the Bownian velocity solving the Langevin euation: (.) dv t = V t dt + db t ( > ) (see [3] fo moe details). The instein-smoluchowski theoy may be seen as an idealised Onstein- Uhlenbeck theoy, and edictions of eithe cannot be distinguished by eeiment. Howeve, if the Bownian aticle is unde influence of an etenal foce, the instein-smoluchowski theoy beaks down, while the Onstein-Uhlenbeck theoy emains successful (see [3].53-78). Pehas one of the main easons that the instein-smoluchowski model is so oula in stochastic calculus today is due to the fact that the standad Bownian motion is a matingale. Conside the standad Bownian motion B = (B t ) t. Then the celebated Bukholde-Gundy ineuality [] states that thee eist univesal constants A > and A 2 > such that (.2) A jb t j A 2 3 Cente fo Mathematical Physics and Stochastics, suoted by the Danish National Reseach Foundation. AMS 98 subject classifications. Pimay 6J65, 6G4, 65. Seconday 6J6, 6G5. Key wods and hases: The Onstein-Uhlenbeck velocity ocess, imum ocess, stoing time, imal ineuality, Lenglat s domination incile, Bownian motion, diffusion ocess, Gaussian ocess, the Langevin stochastic diffeential euation. goan@imf.au.dk
2 fo all stoing times of B. In othe wods, and less fomally, this ineuality states that the imal osition of the Bownian aticle, taken u to a andom instant of time which does not anticiate the futue, in aveage behaves as. In this note we addess the same uestion fo the velocity ocess V = (V t ) t. Ou main esult (Theoem 2.5) shows that the imal velocity of the Bownian aticle, taken u to a andom instant of time which does not anticiate the futue, in aveage behaves as log (+ ). In view of the evese dift tem in (.), which is due to a fictional foce towads the oigin (euilibium state of velocity zeo), the uantitative diffeence in the esult is in ageement with ou intuition. The esult of Theoem 2.5 can also be estated in tems of the standad Bownian motion B, and this may be viewed as a stoed law of iteated logaithm (Coollay 2.7). 2. The esult and oof The following domination incile was initially oved in [2] in the case H() = fo < <. Its etension to moe geneal functions 7! H() follows along the same lines and can be found in [5] (.55-56). This etension aeas cucial in ou teatment below, and we esent the oof fo comleteness. Poosition 2. (Lenglat) Let (; F ; (F t ) t; P ) be a filteed obability sace, let X = (X t ) t be an (F t )-adated non-negative ight-continuous ocess, let A = (A t ) t be an (F t )-adated inceasing continuous ocess satisfying A =, and let H : R +! R + be an inceasing continuous function satisfying H() =. Assume that (2.) (X ) (A ) fo all bounded (F t )-stoing times. Then (2.2) su H(X t ) fo all (F t )-stoing times, whee (2.3) e H() = Z fo all. Poof. By Fubini s theoem we obtain (2.4) su H(X t ) Z s H P su eh(a ) dh(s) + 2H() X t = Z su X t > s ; A s 8 su X t > s9 dh(s) o + P n A > s dh(s) since s 7! H(s) is inceasing and continuous. Conside the following stoing times: 2
3 (2.5) = inf f t > j X t > s g 2 = inf f t > j A t > s g. Then by Makov s ineuality and (2.) we find: (2.6) P su X t > s ; A s Z n o n o P ; 2 P X ^ 2^ s A s ^ 2^ wheneve is bounded. Fom (2.4) and (2.6) we can conclude: (2.7) su H(X t ) A s 8A s9 + 2P Z A s dh(s) + 2 A n A > s H(A ) o = eh(a dh(s) ) fo all bounded. Finally, obseve that 7! H() e is inceasing, and ass to the limit when k! to each any though bounded ones ^ k. This comletes the oof. Remak 2.2: If H() = with <<, then H() e = ((2)=()) ; if H() =, then H() e +, and the bound on the ight-hand side in (2.2) is non-inteesting; geneally, the ight-hand side in (2.2) gives a non-tivial bound if H() tends to infinity as slow as fo some < < ; the bound is bette (asymtotically otimal) if the eo in (2.) is smalle (negligible).. The initial esult which we state now is motivated by the consideations in [4]. This is addessed in moe detail in Remak 2.4 following the oof below. Theoem 2.3 Let V = (V t ) t be the Onstein-Uhlenbeck velocity ocess solving (.) with V =, whee is a standad Bownian motion. Intoduce the following functional: B = (B t ) t (2.8) I t = Z t e V 2 d. Then thee eist univesal constants A > and A 2 > such that (2.9) log + I A fo all stoing times of V. Poof. If 7! F () (2.) F jvt j = F () + jv t j A 2 is even and C 2, then by Itˆo fomula we find: Z t IL V F (V ) d + whee IL V denotes the infinitesimal geneato of V : Z t F (V ) db log + I 3
4 (2.) IL V 2 2 Motivated by ou consideations in [4], we shall set (2.2) F (v) = e v2 Then it is easily veified that IL V (F ) = c whee c(v) = e v2. By alying the otional samling theoem in (2.), it follows easily that (2.3) F jv j = I fo all bounded stoing times of V. This shows that the condition (2.) is satisfied with X t = F (jv t j) and A t = I t. Denote H() = F () and obseve that (2.4) H() = H(; ) = log (+) whee by H(; ) we indicate the deendence on. By (2.3) we then have (2.5) Z H(; e ) = dh(s; ) + 2H(; ). s Conside the following function: (2.6) G(; ) = Obseve that fo all we have: H(; ) (2.7) G(; ) = G(; ).. Z s dh(s; ). Thus, if we want to comute the limit of G(; ) when! o!, it is no estiction to assume that =. Note that (2.8) Z ds G(; ) = 2 log( + ) log( + s) ( + s) s lementay calculations show that (2.9) lim G(; ) =! (2.2) lim! G(; ) = (2.2) G(; ) (8 > ). Fom (2.5) we then find: (2.22) e H (; ) 3 H (; ) 4
5 fo all, and hence the ight-hand ineuality in (2.9) follows fom (2.2) and (2.4). To ove the left-hand ineuality in (2.9), we shall note by (2.3) that (2.23) I F jv t j fo all bounded stoing times of V. Thus, the left-hand ineuality in (2.9) follows fom (2.2) and (2.4) uon the identification X t = I t and A t = t F (jv j). The oof is comlete. Remak 2.4: It was oved in [4] that (2.24) jv tj C log e V 2 fo all stoing times of V fo which the ocess (e V 2 Itˆo fomula this ineuality is euivalently witten as follows: (2.25) jv tj C log +(I ) ^t ) t is unifomly integable; by whee C > is some constant. Ou esult (2.9) shows that the second eectation sign in (2.25) can be ulled out in font of the suae-oot and logaithm sign; in view of Jensen s ineuality this bound is bette, although not easily comuted; as the ineuality (2.9) above is two-sided, this also detects the eal size of the eo in the teminal-value bound (2.24); obseve also that ou oof above establishes (2.9) with A = =3 and A 2 = 3 ; thus C in (2.24) can be taken as small as A main disadvantage of the ineuality (2.9) is the comlicated fom of the functional I. In ou attemt to undestand bette its size, we now ove that I in (2.9) can be elaced by. In view of the obvious ineuality I, and that I is actually much lage than, this fact may seem suising at fist. Howeve, noting that we also have the logaithm function in (2.9), and ecalling that the vaiance of V t N ( ; 2 (e2t )) emains bounded ove all t, we see that eveything agees well with ou intuition. Theoem 2.5 Let V = (V t ) t be the Onstein-Uhlenbeck velocity ocess solving (.) with V =, whee B = (B t ) t is a standad Bownian motion. Then thee eist univesal constants C > and C 2 > such that (2.26) C fo all stoing times of V. log + jv t j C 2 log + Poof. If 7! F () is even and C 2, then by Itô fomula we know that (2.) holds. Motivated by this eession, conside the euation: (2.27) IL V (F ) = 5
6 with IL V as in (2.). The geneal solution of (2.27) is given by (2.28) F () = Z Z u e 2 u2 e v2 dv + K du + K 2 whee K and K 2 ae constants. Motivated by the fact that A fom Poosition 2. should satisfy A =, we shall imose the condition F () =, which imlies that K 2 =. Imosing futhe that F () =, which imlies that K =, we obtain the following solution of (2.27): (2.29) F () = 2 Z Z u e u2 e v2 dvdu. Obseve that 7! F () is even and C 2, and thus (2.) holds. Alying the otional samling theoem in (2.), and using (2.27), we see that (2.3) F jv j = ( ) fo all bounded stoing times of V. Thus the condition (2.) is satisfied with X t = F (jv t j) and A t = t. Fom (2.3) we also see that (2.3) ( ) F jv t j fo all bounded stoing times of V. Thus the condition (2.) is also satisfied with X t = t and A t = t F (jv j). Denoting H() = F (), it is ossible to ove that (2.32) log (+) H() D log (+) fo all, whee D > is some constant. The left-hand side in (2.32) is veified staightfowadly, while the ight-hand side euies some moe effot. Ou calculations show that one may take D = : The esult now follows fom (2.3)-(2.32) and (2.2) above uon veifying that eh()=h() 3 fo all > ; obseve that F () 2 and F () 2 so that H() and H () =(2 ) fo all >. The oof is comlete. Remak 2.6: Obseve fom the oof above that in (2.26) one may take C = =3 and C 2 = 3D = 3: Note also that (.2) is obtained fom (2.26) by letting #. Coollay 2.7 Let B = (B t ) t be standad Bownian motion. Then thee eist univesal constants D > and D 2 > such that (2.33) D log +log (+ ) fo all stoing times of B. jb t j D 2 log +log (+ ) +t 6
7 Poof. In the setting of Theoem 2.5 above, we shall use the well-known fact that (2.34) V t = 2 e B(e 2t ) which is deived by a standad time-change agument. Set t = e 2t ; then is a stoing time of V if and only if is a stoing time of B. Fom (2.34) we see that (2.35) 2 jv t j = jb t j +t. Set H(; ) = (= ) log (+) ; then (2.26) above can euivalently be ewitten as follows: (2.36) Substituting t = u in (2.36), we see that (2.37) Obseve that (2.38) u( ) 2 H(; ) = 2 jb t j 2 H ;. +t jb u j 2 H ( ) ;. +u log (+) 2 H e ; = 2 and (u) = (=2) log(+u). Thus log + 2 log +e whee e = ( ) is a stoing time of B. Howeve, since clealy (2.39) log log log +log + when tends to o, we see fom (2.37) and (2.38) that (2.33) holds. The oof is comlete. Coollay 2.8 Let M = (M t ) t be a continuous local matingale with the uadatic vaiation ocess M. Then thee eist univesal constants t t D > and D 2 > such that (2.4)! D log +log (+ M ) jm t j D 2 log +log (+ M ) fo all stoing times of M. + M Poof. It follows fom Coollay 2.7 by a standad time-change agument (see [5]). t RFRNCS [] BURKHOLDR, D. L. and GUNDY, R. F. (97). taolation and inteolation of uasilinea oeatos on matingales. Acta Math. 24 (249-34). 7
8 [2] LNGLART,. (977). Relation de domination ente deu ocessus. Ann. Inst. H. Poincaé Pobab. Statist. 3 (7-79). [3] NLSON,. (967). Dynamical Theoies of Bownian Motion. Pinceton Univ. Pess. [4] PSKIR, G. (998). Contolling the velocity of Bownian motion by its teminal value. Reseach Reot No. 39, 998, Det. Theoet. Statist. Aahus ( ). Analytic and Geometic Ineualities and thei Alications, Math. Al. Vol. 478, Kluwe Academic Publishes, 999 ( ). [5] RVUZ, D. and YOR, M. (994). Continuous Matingales and Bownian Motion. Singe- Velag. [6] UHLNBCK, G.. and ORNSTIN, L. S. (93). On the theoy of Bownian motion. Physical Review 36 (823-84). Svend ik Gavesen Deatment of Mathematical Sciences Univesity of Aahus, Denmak Ny Munkegade, DK-8 Aahus matseg@imf.au.dk Goan Peski Deatment of Mathematical Sciences Univesity of Aahus, Denmak Ny Munkegade, DK-8 Aahus home.imf.au.dk/goan goan@imf.au.dk 8
Journal of Inequalities in Pure and Applied Mathematics
Jounal of Inequalities in Pue and Applied Mathematics COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY FOR A FUNCTION WHOSE DERIVATIVE HAS A POSITIVE REAL PART S. ABRAMOVICH, M. KLARIČIĆ BAKULA AND S. BANIĆ Depatment of Mathematics
More informationBEST CONSTANTS FOR UNCENTERED MAXIMAL FUNCTIONS. Loukas Grafakos and Stephen Montgomery-Smith University of Missouri, Columbia
BEST CONSTANTS FOR UNCENTERED MAXIMAL FUNCTIONS Loukas Gafakos and Stehen Montgomey-Smith Univesity of Missoui, Columbia Abstact. We ecisely evaluate the oeato nom of the uncenteed Hady-Littlewood maximal
More informationProblem Set #10 Math 471 Real Analysis Assignment: Chapter 8 #2, 3, 6, 8
Poblem Set #0 Math 47 Real Analysis Assignment: Chate 8 #2, 3, 6, 8 Clayton J. Lungstum Decembe, 202 xecise 8.2 Pove the convese of Hölde s inequality fo = and =. Show also that fo eal-valued f / L ),
More informationDorin Andrica Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
#A INTEGERS 5A (05) THE SIGNUM EQUATION FOR ERDŐS-SURÁNYI SEQUENCES Doin Andica Faculty of Mathematics and Comute Science, Babeş-Bolyai Univesity, Cluj-Naoca, Romania dandica@math.ubbcluj.o Eugen J. Ionascu
More informationKOEBE DOMAINS FOR THE CLASSES OF FUNCTIONS WITH RANGES INCLUDED IN GIVEN SETS
Jounal of Applied Analysis Vol. 14, No. 1 2008), pp. 43 52 KOEBE DOMAINS FOR THE CLASSES OF FUNCTIONS WITH RANGES INCLUDED IN GIVEN SETS L. KOCZAN and P. ZAPRAWA Received Mach 12, 2007 and, in evised fom,
More informationChapter 2: Basic Physics and Math Supplements
Chapte 2: Basic Physics and Math Supplements Decembe 1, 215 1 Supplement 2.1: Centipetal Acceleation This supplement expands on a topic addessed on page 19 of the textbook. Ou task hee is to calculate
More informationKepler s problem gravitational attraction
Kele s oblem gavitational attaction Summay of fomulas deived fo two-body motion Let the two masses be m and m. The total mass is M = m + m, the educed mass is µ = m m /(m + m ). The gavitational otential
More informationOnline-routing on the butterfly network: probabilistic analysis
Online-outing on the buttefly netwok: obabilistic analysis Andey Gubichev 19.09.008 Contents 1 Intoduction: definitions 1 Aveage case behavio of the geedy algoithm 3.1 Bounds on congestion................................
More informationk. s k=1 Part of the significance of the Riemann zeta-function stems from Theorem 9.2. If s > 1 then 1 p s
9 Pimes in aithmetic ogession Definition 9 The Riemann zeta-function ζs) is the function which assigns to a eal numbe s > the convegent seies k s k Pat of the significance of the Riemann zeta-function
More informationON INDEPENDENT SETS IN PURELY ATOMIC PROBABILITY SPACES WITH GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION. 1. Introduction. 1 r r. r k for every set E A, E \ {0},
ON INDEPENDENT SETS IN PURELY ATOMIC PROBABILITY SPACES WITH GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION E. J. IONASCU and A. A. STANCU Abstact. We ae inteested in constucting concete independent events in puely atomic pobability
More informationResults on the Commutative Neutrix Convolution Product Involving the Logarithmic Integral li(
Intenational Jounal of Scientific and Innovative Mathematical Reseach (IJSIMR) Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2014, PP 736-741 ISSN 2347-307X (Pint) & ISSN 2347-3142 (Online) www.acjounals.og Results on the
More informationOn Wald-Type Optimal Stopping for Brownian Motion
J Al Probab Vol 34, No 1, 1997, (66-73) Prerint Ser No 1, 1994, Math Inst Aarhus On Wald-Tye Otimal Stoing for Brownian Motion S RAVRSN and PSKIR The solution is resented to all otimal stoing roblems of
More informationHE DI ELMONSER. 1. Introduction In 1964 H. Mink and L. Sathre [15] proved the following inequality. n, n N. ((n + 1)!) n+1
-ANALOGUE OF THE ALZER S INEQUALITY HE DI ELMONSER Abstact In this aticle, we ae inteested in giving a -analogue of the Alze s ineuality Mathematics Subject Classification (200): 26D5 Keywods: Alze s ineuality;
More information556: MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS I
556: MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS I CHAPTER 5: STOCHASTIC CONVERGENCE The following efinitions ae state in tems of scala anom vaiables, but exten natually to vecto anom vaiables efine on the same obability
More informationSOME SOLVABILITY THEOREMS FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
Fixed Point Theoy, Volume 5, No. 1, 2004, 71-80 http://www.math.ubbcluj.o/ nodeacj/sfptcj.htm SOME SOLVABILITY THEOREMS FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS G. ISAC 1 AND C. AVRAMESCU 2 1 Depatment of Mathematics Royal
More informationSemicanonical basis generators of the cluster algebra of type A (1)
Semicanonical basis geneatos of the cluste algeba of type A (1 1 Andei Zelevinsky Depatment of Mathematics Notheasten Univesity, Boston, USA andei@neu.edu Submitted: Jul 7, 006; Accepted: Dec 3, 006; Published:
More informationProduct Rule and Chain Rule Estimates for Hajlasz Gradients on Doubling Metric Measure Spaces
Poduct Rule and Chain Rule Estimates fo Hajlasz Gadients on Doubling Metic Measue Saces A Eduado Gatto and Calos Segovia Fenández Ail 9, 2004 Abstact In this ae we intoduced Maximal Functions Nf, x) of
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.nt] 12 May 2017
SEQUENCES OF CONSECUTIVE HAPPY NUMBERS IN NEGATIVE BASES HELEN G. GRUNDMAN AND PAMELA E. HARRIS axiv:1705.04648v1 [math.nt] 12 May 2017 ABSTRACT. Fo b 2 and e 2, let S e,b : Z Z 0 be the function taking
More informationSincere Voting and Information Aggregation with Voting Costs
Sincee Voting and Infomation Aggegation with Voting Costs Vijay Kishna y and John Mogan z August 007 Abstact We study the oeties of euilibium voting in two-altenative elections unde the majoity ule. Votes
More informationWeighted Inequalities for the Hardy Operator
Maste Thesis Maste s Degee in Advanced Mathematics Weighted Ineualities fo the Hady Oeato Autho: Segi Aias Gacía Sueviso: D. F. Javie Soia de Diego Deatment: Matemàtiues i Infomàtica Bacelona, June 27
More informationAn Estimate of Incomplete Mixed Character Sums 1 2. Mei-Chu Chang 3. Dedicated to Endre Szemerédi for his 70th birthday.
An Estimate of Incomlete Mixed Chaacte Sums 2 Mei-Chu Chang 3 Dedicated to Ende Szemeédi fo his 70th bithday. 4 In this note we conside incomlete mixed chaacte sums ove a finite field F n of the fom x
More informationSolution to HW 3, Ma 1a Fall 2016
Solution to HW 3, Ma a Fall 206 Section 2. Execise 2: Let C be a subset of the eal numbes consisting of those eal numbes x having the popety that evey digit in the decimal expansion of x is, 3, 5, o 7.
More informationOn the integration of the equations of hydrodynamics
Uebe die Integation de hydodynamischen Gleichungen J f eine u angew Math 56 (859) -0 On the integation of the equations of hydodynamics (By A Clebsch at Calsuhe) Tanslated by D H Delphenich In a pevious
More informationNumerical approximation to ζ(2n+1)
Illinois Wesleyan Univesity Fom the SelectedWoks of Tian-Xiao He 6 Numeical appoximation to ζ(n+1) Tian-Xiao He, Illinois Wesleyan Univesity Michael J. Dancs Available at: https://woks.bepess.com/tian_xiao_he/6/
More information9.1 The multiplicative group of a finite field. Theorem 9.1. The multiplicative group F of a finite field is cyclic.
Chapte 9 Pimitive Roots 9.1 The multiplicative goup of a finite fld Theoem 9.1. The multiplicative goup F of a finite fld is cyclic. Remak: In paticula, if p is a pime then (Z/p) is cyclic. In fact, this
More informationMultiple Criteria Secretary Problem: A New Approach
J. Stat. Appl. Po. 3, o., 9-38 (04 9 Jounal of Statistics Applications & Pobability An Intenational Jounal http://dx.doi.og/0.785/jsap/0303 Multiple Citeia Secetay Poblem: A ew Appoach Alaka Padhye, and
More informationFRACTIONAL HERMITE-HADAMARD TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR FUNCTIONS WHOSE SECOND DERIVATIVE ARE
Kagujevac Jounal of Mathematics Volume 4) 6) Pages 7 9. FRACTIONAL HERMITE-HADAMARD TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR FUNCTIONS WHOSE SECOND DERIVATIVE ARE s )-CONVEX IN THE SECOND SENSE K. BOUKERRIOUA T. CHIHEB AND
More informationON LACUNARY INVARIANT SEQUENCE SPACES DEFINED BY A SEQUENCE OF MODULUS FUNCTIONS
STUDIA UNIV BABEŞ BOLYAI, MATHEMATICA, Volume XLVIII, Numbe 4, Decembe 2003 ON LACUNARY INVARIANT SEQUENCE SPACES DEFINED BY A SEQUENCE OF MODULUS FUNCTIONS VATAN KARAKAYA AND NECIP SIMSEK Abstact The
More informationMethod for Approximating Irrational Numbers
Method fo Appoximating Iational Numbes Eic Reichwein Depatment of Physics Univesity of Califonia, Santa Cuz June 6, 0 Abstact I will put foth an algoithm fo poducing inceasingly accuate ational appoximations
More informationKirby-Melvin s τ r and Ohtsuki s τ for Lens Spaces
Kiby-Melvin s τ and Ohtsuki s τ fo Lens Saces Bang-He Li & Tian-Jun Li axiv:math/9807155v1 [mathqa] 27 Jul 1998 Abstact Exlicit fomulae fo τ (L(,q)) and τ(l(,q)) ae obtained fo all L(,q) Thee ae thee systems
More informationOn the Poisson Approximation to the Negative Hypergeometric Distribution
BULLETIN of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society http://mathusmmy/bulletin Bull Malays Math Sci Soc (2) 34(2) (2011), 331 336 On the Poisson Appoximation to the Negative Hypegeometic Distibution
More informationGROWTH ESTIMATES THROUGH SCALING FOR QUASILINEAR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Annales Academiæ Scientiaum Fennicæ Mathematica Volumen 32, 2007, 595 599 GROWTH ESTIMATES THROUGH SCALING FOR QUASILINEAR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Teo Kilpeläinen, Henik Shahgholian and Xiao Zhong
More informationEM Boundary Value Problems
EM Bounday Value Poblems 10/ 9 11/ By Ilekta chistidi & Lee, Seung-Hyun A. Geneal Desciption : Maxwell Equations & Loentz Foce We want to find the equations of motion of chaged paticles. The way to do
More informationApproximating the minimum independent dominating set in perturbed graphs
Aoximating the minimum indeendent dominating set in etubed gahs Weitian Tong, Randy Goebel, Guohui Lin, Novembe 3, 013 Abstact We investigate the minimum indeendent dominating set in etubed gahs gg, )
More informationCMSC 425: Lecture 5 More on Geometry and Geometric Programming
CMSC 425: Lectue 5 Moe on Geomety and Geometic Pogamming Moe Geometic Pogamming: In this lectue we continue the discussion of basic geometic ogamming fom the eious lectue. We will discuss coodinate systems
More informationq i i=1 p i ln p i Another measure, which proves a useful benchmark in our analysis, is the chi squared divergence of p, q, which is defined by
CSISZÁR f DIVERGENCE, OSTROWSKI S INEQUALITY AND MUTUAL INFORMATION S. S. DRAGOMIR, V. GLUŠČEVIĆ, AND C. E. M. PEARCE Abstact. The Ostowski integal inequality fo an absolutely continuous function is used
More informationOn absence of solutions of a semi-linear elliptic equation with biharmonic operator in the exterior of a ball
Tansactions of NAS of Azebaijan, Issue Mathematics, 36, 63-69 016. Seies of Physical-Technical and Mathematical Sciences. On absence of solutions of a semi-linea elliptic euation with bihamonic opeato
More informationUsing Laplace Transform to Evaluate Improper Integrals Chii-Huei Yu
Available at https://edupediapublicationsog/jounals Volume 3 Issue 4 Febuay 216 Using Laplace Tansfom to Evaluate Impope Integals Chii-Huei Yu Depatment of Infomation Technology, Nan Jeon Univesity of
More informationA Multivariate Normal Law for Turing s Formulae
A Multivaiate Nomal Law fo Tuing s Fomulae Zhiyi Zhang Depatment of Mathematics and Statistics Univesity of Noth Caolina at Chalotte Chalotte, NC 28223 Abstact This pape establishes a sufficient condition
More informationOn weak exponential expansiveness of skew-evolution semiflows in Banach spaces
Yue et al. Jounal of Inequalities and Alications 014 014:165 htt://www.jounalofinequalitiesandalications.com/content/014/1/165 R E S E A R C H Oen Access On weak exonential exansiveness of skew-evolution
More informationMath Notes on Kepler s first law 1. r(t) kp(t)
Math 7 - Notes on Keple s fist law Planetay motion and Keple s Laws We conside the motion of a single planet about the sun; fo simplicity, we assign coodinates in R 3 so that the position of the sun is
More informationCentral Coverage Bayes Prediction Intervals for the Generalized Pareto Distribution
Statistics Reseach Lettes Vol. Iss., Novembe Cental Coveage Bayes Pediction Intevals fo the Genealized Paeto Distibution Gyan Pakash Depatment of Community Medicine S. N. Medical College, Aga, U. P., India
More informationME 210 Applied Mathematics for Mechanical Engineers
Tangent and Ac Length of a Cuve The tangent to a cuve C at a point A on it is defined as the limiting position of the staight line L though A and B, as B appoaches A along the cuve as illustated in the
More informationEdge Cover Time for Regular Graphs
1 2 3 47 6 23 11 Jounal of Intege Sequences, Vol. 11 (28, Aticle 8.4.4 Edge Cove Time fo Regula Gahs Robeto Tauaso Diatimento di Matematica Univesità di Roma To Vegata via della Riceca Scientifica 133
More informationA THREE CRITICAL POINTS THEOREM AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO THE ORDINARY DIRICHLET PROBLEM
A THREE CRITICAL POINTS THEOREM AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO THE ORDINARY DIRICHLET PROBLEM DIEGO AVERNA AND GABRIELE BONANNO Abstact. The aim of this pape is twofold. On one hand we establish a thee citical
More informationAdam Kubica A REGULARITY CRITERION FOR POSITIVE PART OF RADIAL COMPONENT IN THE CASE OF AXIALLY SYMMETRIC NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS
DEMONSTRATIO MATHEMATICA Vol. XLVIII No 1 015 Adam Kuica A REGULARITY CRITERION FOR POSITIVE PART OF RADIAL COMPONENT IN THE CASE OF AXIALLY SYMMETRIC NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS Communicated y K. Chełmiński
More informationNumerical solution of the first order linear fuzzy differential equations using He0s variational iteration method
Malaya Jounal of Matematik, Vol. 6, No. 1, 80-84, 2018 htts://doi.og/16637/mjm0601/0012 Numeical solution of the fist ode linea fuzzy diffeential equations using He0s vaiational iteation method M. Ramachandan1
More informationIntegral operator defined by q-analogue of Liu-Srivastava operator
Stud. Univ. Babeş-Bolyai Math. 582013, No. 4, 529 537 Integal opeato defined by q-analogue of Liu-Sivastava opeato Huda Aldweby and Maslina Daus Abstact. In this pape, we shall give an application of q-analogues
More information3.1 Random variables
3 Chapte III Random Vaiables 3 Random vaiables A sample space S may be difficult to descibe if the elements of S ae not numbes discuss how we can use a ule by which an element s of S may be associated
More informationRATIONAL BASE NUMBER SYSTEMS FOR p-adic NUMBERS
RAIRO-Theo. Inf. Al. 46 (202) 87 06 DOI: 0.05/ita/204 Available online at: www.aio-ita.og RATIONAL BASE NUMBER SYSTEMS FOR -ADIC NUMBERS Chistiane Fougny and Kael Klouda 2 Abstact. This ae deals with ational
More informationChaos and bifurcation of discontinuous dynamical systems with piecewise constant arguments
Malaya Jounal of Matematik ()(22) 4 8 Chaos and bifucation of discontinuous dynamical systems with piecewise constant aguments A.M.A. El-Sayed, a, and S. M. Salman b a Faculty of Science, Aleandia Univesity,
More informationΔt The textbook chooses to say that the average velocity is
1-D Motion Basic I Definitions: One dimensional motion (staight line) is a special case of motion whee all but one vecto component is zeo We will aange ou coodinate axis so that the x-axis lies along the
More informationBounds for Codimensions of Fitting Ideals
Ž. JOUNAL OF ALGEBA 194, 378 382 1997 ATICLE NO. JA966999 Bounds fo Coensions of Fitting Ideals Michał Kwiecinski* Uniwesytet Jagiellonski, Instytut Matematyki, ul. eymonta 4, 30-059, Kakow, Poland Communicated
More informationOn a quantity that is analogous to potential and a theorem that relates to it
Su une quantité analogue au potential et su un théoème y elatif C R Acad Sci 7 (87) 34-39 On a quantity that is analogous to potential and a theoem that elates to it By R CLAUSIUS Tanslated by D H Delphenich
More informationGENERAL RELATIVITY: THE GEODESICS OF THE SCHWARZSCHILD METRIC
GENERAL RELATIVITY: THE GEODESICS OF THE SCHWARZSCHILD METRIC GILBERT WEINSTEIN 1. Intoduction Recall that the exteio Schwazschild metic g defined on the 4-manifold M = R R 3 \B 2m ) = {t,, θ, φ): > 2m}
More informationJENSEN S INEQUALITY FOR DISTRIBUTIONS POSSESSING HIGHER MOMENTS, WITH APPLICATION TO SHARP BOUNDS FOR LAPLACE-STIELTJES TRANSFORMS
J. Austal. Math. Soc. Se. B 40(1998), 80 85 JENSEN S INEQUALITY FO DISTIBUTIONS POSSESSING HIGHE MOMENTS, WITH APPLICATION TO SHAP BOUNDS FO LAPLACE-STIELTJES TANSFOMS B. GULJAŠ 1,C.E.M.PEACE 2 and J.
More informationCALCULUS II Vectors. Paul Dawkins
CALCULUS II Vectos Paul Dawkins Table of Contents Peface... ii Vectos... 3 Intoduction... 3 Vectos The Basics... 4 Vecto Aithmetic... 8 Dot Poduct... 13 Coss Poduct... 21 2007 Paul Dawkins i http://tutoial.math.lama.edu/tems.aspx
More informationProbabilistic number theory : A report on work done. What is the probability that a randomly chosen integer has no square factors?
Pobabilistic numbe theoy : A eot on wo done What is the obability that a andomly chosen intege has no squae factos? We can constuct an initial fomula to give us this value as follows: If a numbe is to
More informationCENTRAL INDEX BASED SOME COMPARATIVE GROWTH ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE ENTIRE FUNCTIONS FROM THE VIEW POINT OF L -ORDER. Tanmay Biswas
J Koean Soc Math Educ Se B: Pue Appl Math ISSNPint 16-0657 https://doiog/107468/jksmeb01853193 ISSNOnline 87-6081 Volume 5, Numbe 3 August 018, Pages 193 01 CENTRAL INDEX BASED SOME COMPARATIVE GROWTH
More informationMechanics Physics 151
Mechanics Physics 151 Lectue 5 Cental Foce Poblem (Chapte 3) What We Did Last Time Intoduced Hamilton s Pinciple Action integal is stationay fo the actual path Deived Lagange s Equations Used calculus
More informationGauss Law. Physics 231 Lecture 2-1
Gauss Law Physics 31 Lectue -1 lectic Field Lines The numbe of field lines, also known as lines of foce, ae elated to stength of the electic field Moe appopiately it is the numbe of field lines cossing
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.co] 6 Mar 2008
An uppe bound fo the numbe of pefect matchings in gaphs Shmuel Fiedland axiv:0803.0864v [math.co] 6 Ma 2008 Depatment of Mathematics, Statistics, and Compute Science, Univesity of Illinois at Chicago Chicago,
More informationThe Substring Search Problem
The Substing Seach Poblem One algoithm which is used in a vaiety of applications is the family of substing seach algoithms. These algoithms allow a use to detemine if, given two chaacte stings, one is
More informationSTUDY OF SOLUTIONS OF LOGARITHMIC ORDER TO HIGHER ORDER LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH COEFFICIENTS HAVING THE SAME LOGARITHMIC ORDER
UNIVERSITATIS IAGELLONICAE ACTA MATHEMATICA doi: 104467/20843828AM170027078 542017, 15 32 STUDY OF SOLUTIONS OF LOGARITHMIC ORDER TO HIGHER ORDER LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL-DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH COEFFICIENTS
More informationCOORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS - THE JACOBIAN DETERMINANT
COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS - THE JACOBIAN DETERMINANT Link to: phsicspages home page. To leave a comment o epot an eo, please use the auilia blog. Refeence: d Inveno, Ra, Intoducing Einstein s Relativit
More informationRegularity for Fully Nonlinear Elliptic Equations with Neumann Boundary Data
Communications in Patial Diffeential Equations, 31: 1227 1252, 2006 Copyight Taylo & Fancis Goup, LLC ISSN 0360-5302 pint/1532-4133 online DOI: 10.1080/03605300600634999 Regulaity fo Fully Nonlinea Elliptic
More informationTemporal-Difference Learning
.997 Decision-Making in Lage-Scale Systems Mach 17 MIT, Sping 004 Handout #17 Lectue Note 13 1 Tempoal-Diffeence Leaning We now conside the poblem of computing an appopiate paamete, so that, given an appoximation
More informationInternet Appendix for A Bayesian Approach to Real Options: The Case of Distinguishing Between Temporary and Permanent Shocks
Intenet Appendix fo A Bayesian Appoach to Real Options: The Case of Distinguishing Between Tempoay and Pemanent Shocks Steven R. Genadie Gaduate School of Business, Stanfod Univesity Andey Malenko Gaduate
More informationV7: Diffusional association of proteins and Brownian dynamics simulations
V7: Diffusional association of poteins and Bownian dynamics simulations Bownian motion The paticle movement was discoveed by Robet Bown in 1827 and was intepeted coectly fist by W. Ramsay in 1876. Exact
More informationCross section dependence on ski pole sti ness
Coss section deendence on ski ole sti ness Johan Bystöm and Leonid Kuzmin Abstact Ski equiment oduce SWIX has ecently esented a new ai of ski oles, called SWIX Tiac, which di es fom conventional (ound)
More informationNew problems in universal algebraic geometry illustrated by boolean equations
New poblems in univesal algebaic geomety illustated by boolean equations axiv:1611.00152v2 [math.ra] 25 Nov 2016 Atem N. Shevlyakov Novembe 28, 2016 Abstact We discuss new poblems in univesal algebaic
More informationLacunary I-Convergent Sequences
KYUNGPOOK Math. J. 52(2012), 473-482 http://dx.doi.og/10.5666/kmj.2012.52.4.473 Lacunay I-Convegent Sequences Binod Chanda Tipathy Mathematical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science
More informationLecture 18: Graph Isomorphisms
INFR11102: Computational Complexity 22/11/2018 Lectue: Heng Guo Lectue 18: Gaph Isomophisms 1 An Athu-Melin potocol fo GNI Last time we gave a simple inteactive potocol fo GNI with pivate coins. We will
More informationJournal of Number Theory
Jounal of umbe Theoy 3 2 2259 227 Contents lists available at ScienceDiect Jounal of umbe Theoy www.elsevie.com/locate/jnt Sums of poducts of hypegeometic Benoulli numbes Ken Kamano Depatment of Geneal
More informationPractice Integration Math 120 Calculus I Fall 2015
Pactice Integation Math 0 Calculus I Fall 05 Hee s a list of pactice eecises. Thee s a hint fo each one as well as an answe with intemediate steps... ( + d. Hint. Answe. ( 8 t + t + This fist set of indefinite
More informationLot-sizing for inventory systems with product recovery
Lot-sizing fo inventoy systems with oduct ecovey Ruud Teunte August 29, 2003 Econometic Institute Reot EI2003-28 Abstact We study inventoy systems with oduct ecovey. Recoveed items ae as-good-as-new and
More informationMacro Theory B. The Permanent Income Hypothesis
Maco Theoy B The Pemanent Income Hypothesis Ofe Setty The Eitan Beglas School of Economics - Tel Aviv Univesity May 15, 2015 1 1 Motivation 1.1 An econometic check We want to build an empiical model with
More informationPractice Integration Math 120 Calculus I D Joyce, Fall 2013
Pactice Integation Math 0 Calculus I D Joyce, Fall 0 This fist set of indefinite integals, that is, antideivatives, only depends on a few pinciples of integation, the fist being that integation is invese
More informationLecture 28: Convergence of Random Variables and Related Theorems
EE50: Pobability Foundations fo Electical Enginees July-Novembe 205 Lectue 28: Convegence of Random Vaiables and Related Theoems Lectue:. Kishna Jagannathan Scibe: Gopal, Sudhasan, Ajay, Swamy, Kolla An
More informationworking pages for Paul Richards class notes; do not copy or circulate without permission from PGR 2004/11/3 10:50
woking pages fo Paul Richads class notes; do not copy o ciculate without pemission fom PGR 2004/11/3 10:50 CHAPTER7 Solid angle, 3D integals, Gauss s Theoem, and a Delta Function We define the solid angle,
More informationd 2 x 0a d d =0. Relative to an arbitrary (accelerating frame) specified by x a = x a (x 0b ), the latter becomes: d 2 x a d 2 + a dx b dx c
Chapte 6 Geneal Relativity 6.1 Towads the Einstein equations Thee ae seveal ways of motivating the Einstein equations. The most natual is pehaps though consideations involving the Equivalence Pinciple.
More informationRECIPROCAL POWER SUMS. Anthony Sofo Victoria University, Melbourne City, Australia.
#A39 INTEGERS () RECIPROCAL POWER SUMS Athoy Sofo Victoia Uivesity, Melboue City, Austalia. athoy.sofo@vu.edu.au Received: /8/, Acceted: 6//, Published: 6/5/ Abstact I this ae we give a alteative oof ad
More informationSolving Some Definite Integrals Using Parseval s Theorem
Ameican Jounal of Numeical Analysis 4 Vol. No. 6-64 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajna///5 Science and Education Publishing DOI:.69/ajna---5 Solving Some Definite Integals Using Paseval s
More informationQuestion 1: The dipole
Septembe, 08 Conell Univesity, Depatment of Physics PHYS 337, Advance E&M, HW #, due: 9/5/08, :5 AM Question : The dipole Conside a system as discussed in class and shown in Fig.. in Heald & Maion.. Wite
More informationA generalization of the Bernstein polynomials
A genealization of the Benstein polynomials Halil Ouç and Geoge M Phillips Mathematical Institute, Univesity of St Andews, Noth Haugh, St Andews, Fife KY16 9SS, Scotland Dedicated to Philip J Davis This
More informationc( 1) c(0) c(1) Note z 1 represents a unit interval delay Figure 85 3 Transmit equalizer functional model
Relace 85.8.3.2 with the following: 85.8.3.2 Tansmitted outut wavefom The 40GBASE-CR4 and 100GBASE-CR10 tansmit function includes ogammable equalization to comensate fo the fequency-deendent loss of the
More informationOn a Hyperplane Arrangement Problem and Tighter Analysis of an Error-Tolerant Pooling Design
On a Hypeplane Aangement Poblem and Tighte Analysis of an Eo-Toleant Pooling Design Hung Q Ngo August 19, 2006 Abstact In this pape, we fomulate and investigate the following poblem: given integes d, k
More information6 PROBABILITY GENERATING FUNCTIONS
6 PROBABILITY GENERATING FUNCTIONS Cetain deivations pesented in this couse have been somewhat heavy on algeba. Fo example, detemining the expectation of the Binomial distibution (page 5.1 tuned out to
More informationMeasure Estimates of Nodal Sets of Polyharmonic Functions
Chin. Ann. Math. Se. B 39(5), 08, 97 93 DOI: 0.007/s40-08-004-6 Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Seies B c The Editoial Office of CAM and Spinge-Velag Belin Heidelbeg 08 Measue Estimates of Nodal Sets of
More informationMoment-free numerical approximation of highly oscillatory integrals with stationary points
Moment-fee numeical appoximation of highly oscillatoy integals with stationay points Sheehan Olve Abstact We pesent a method fo the numeical quadatue of highly oscillatoy integals with stationay points.
More informationOn Arithmetic Structures in Dense Sets of Integers 1. Ben Green 2
On Aithmetic Stuctues in Dense Sets of Integes 1 Ben Geen 2 Abstact We ove that if A {1,..., N} has density at least log log N) c, whee c is an absolute constant, then A contains a tile a, a + d, a + 2d)
More informationThe main paradox of KAM-theory for restricted three-body problem (R3BP, celestial mechanics)
The main paadox of KAM-theoy fo esticted thee-body poblem (R3BP celestial mechanics) Segey V. Eshkov Institute fo Time Natue Exploations M.V. Lomonosov's Moscow State Univesity Leninskie goy 1-1 Moscow
More informationFractional Zero Forcing via Three-color Forcing Games
Factional Zeo Focing via Thee-colo Focing Games Leslie Hogben Kevin F. Palmowski David E. Robeson Michael Young May 13, 2015 Abstact An -fold analogue of the positive semidefinite zeo focing pocess that
More informationEncapsulation theory: the transformation equations of absolute information hiding.
1 Encapsulation theoy: the tansfomation equations of absolute infomation hiding. Edmund Kiwan * www.edmundkiwan.com Abstact This pape descibes how the potential coupling of a set vaies as the set is tansfomed,
More informationAnalysis of Arithmetic. Analysis of Arithmetic. Analysis of Arithmetic Round-Off Errors. Analysis of Arithmetic. Analysis of Arithmetic
In the fixed-oint imlementation of a digital filte only the esult of the multilication oeation is quantied The eesentation of a actical multilie with the quantie at its outut is shown below u v Q ^v The
More informationBounds on the performance of back-to-front airplane boarding policies
Bounds on the pefomance of bac-to-font aiplane boading policies Eitan Bachmat Michael Elin Abstact We povide bounds on the pefomance of bac-to-font aiplane boading policies. In paticula, we show that no
More informationPearson s Chi-Square Test Modifications for Comparison of Unweighted and Weighted Histograms and Two Weighted Histograms
Peason s Chi-Squae Test Modifications fo Compaison of Unweighted and Weighted Histogams and Two Weighted Histogams Univesity of Akueyi, Bogi, v/noduslód, IS-6 Akueyi, Iceland E-mail: nikolai@unak.is Two
More informationOSCILLATIONS AND GRAVITATION
1. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION Simple hamonic motion is any motion that is equivalent to a single component of unifom cicula motion. In this situation the velocity is always geatest in the middle of the motion,
More informationPushdown Automata (PDAs)
CHAPTER 2 Context-Fee Languages Contents Context-Fee Gammas definitions, examples, designing, ambiguity, Chomsky nomal fom Pushdown Automata definitions, examples, euivalence with context-fee gammas Non-Context-Fee
More informationThe 2-Sylow subgroups of the tame kernel of imaginary quadratic fields
ACTA ARITHMETICA LXIX.2 1995 The 2-Sylow subgous of the tame kenel of imaginay uadatic fields by Houong Qin Nanjing To Pofesso Zhou Boxun Cheo Peh-hsuin on his 75th bithday 1. Intoduction. Let F be a numbe
More information