The graph shows how the distance from their home changes with time. Which part of the graph, A, B, C or D, shows them walking the fastest? ...

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1 YR11 Half Term PHYSICS Paper 2 HIGHER Name:... Attempt ALL Questions and bring the completed test to your first Physics lesson after the holiday. Your Exam Equation Sheet is on the last page. Mark /75 Q1. (a) A person takes their dog for a walk. The graph shows how the distance from their home changes with time. Which part of the graph, A, B, C or D, shows them walking the fastest? Write your answer in the box. Give the reason for your answer. (b) During the walk, both the speed and the velocity of the person and the dog change. How is velocity different from speed? (Total 3 marks) Page 1

2 Q2.Figure 1 shows the structure of a traditional transformer. Figure 1 (a) There is an alternating current in the primary coil of the transformer. State what is produced in the iron core (b) A transformer has only one turn of wire on the secondary coil. The potential difference across the secondary coil is 11.5 V The potential difference across the primary coil is 230 V Use the Physics Equation Sheet to calculate the number of turns on the primary coil Number of turns on the primary coil =... (c) In most transformers, the power output is less than the power input. State why Page 2

3 (d) Two students investigated how magnets can be used to produce a potential difference. The students held a coil of wire above a magnet. The students quickly lowered the coil so that the magnet was inside the coil, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 The students recorded the maximum potential difference for coils with different numbers of turns of wire. The results are shown in the table. Number of turns of wire in the coil Maximum potential difference in volts Results from student 1 Results from student (i) State the resolution of the voltmeter. Give one reason why the resolution of the voltmeter is suitable for this investigation. Resolution... Reason Page 3

4 The two students used exactly the same equipment to carry out their investigations. Both students recorded their results correctly. Give the reason why student 2 got different results from student (iii) The students decided that even though the results were different, there was no need to repeat the investigation. How do the results show that the investigation is reproducible? (iv) State the name of the process which causes the potential difference to be produced in this investigation.... (Total 10 marks) Q3.The diagram shows a boat pulling a water skier. (a) The arrow represents the force on the water produced by the engine propeller. This force causes the boat to move. Explain why. (b) The boat accelerates at a constant rate in a straight line. This causes the velocity of the water skier to increase from 4.0 m/s to 16.0 m/s in 8.0 seconds. Page 4

5 (i) Calculate the acceleration of the water skier and give the unit. Acceleration =...m/s 2 The water skier has a mass of 68 kg. Calculate the resultant force acting on the water skier while accelerating. Resultant force =... N (iii) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence. The force from the boat pulling the water skier forwards less than will be the same as the answer to part (b). greater than Give the reason for your answer. (Total 8 marks) Q4. Infrared and microwaves are two types of electromagnetic radiation. (a) State one example of the use of each type of radiation for communication. Infrared:... Microwaves:... Page 5

6 (b) Some of the properties of infrared and microwaves are the same. State two of these properties (Total 4 marks) Q5. The data given in the table below was obtained from an investigation into the refraction of light at an air to glass boundary. Angle of incidence Angle of refraction Describe an investigation a student could complete in order to obtain similar data to that given in the table above. Your answer should consider any cause of inaccuracy in the data. A labelled diagram may be drawn as part of your answer (Total 6 marks) Page 6

7 Q6.(a) Figure 1 shows the forces acting on a model air-powered rocket just after it has been launched vertically upwards. (i) How does the velocity of the rocket change as the rocket moves upwards? Give a reason for your answer. The velocity of the rocket is not the same as the speed of the rocket. What is the difference between the velocity of an object and the speed of an object? (b) The speed of the rocket just after being launched is 12 m / s. The mass of the rocket is 0.05 kg. (i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the rocket just after being launched. Kinetic energy =... J Page 7

8 As the rocket moves upwards, it gains gravitational potential energy. State the maximum gravitational potential energy gained by the rocket. Ignore the effect of air resistance. Maximum gravitational potential energy =... J (iii) Calculate the maximum height the rocket will reach. Ignore the effect of air resistance. Gravitational field strength = 10 N / kg. Maximum height =... m (iv) Figure 2 shows four velocity time graphs. Taking air resistance into account, which graph, A, B, C or D, shows how the velocity of the rocket changes as it falls from the maximum height it reached until it just hits the ground? Write the correct answer in the box. (Total 9 marks) Page 8

9 Q7. Quantities in physics are either scalars or vectors. (b) Complete the table to show which quantities are scalars and which quantities are vectors. Put one tick ( ) in each row. The first row has been completed for you. Quantity Scalar Vector Momentum Acceleration Distance Force Time (3) (c) The diagram shows two supermarket trolleys moving in the same direction. Trolley A is full of shopping, has a total mass of 8 kg and is moving at a velocity of 2 m / s with a kinetic energy of 16 J. Trolley B is empty, has a mass of 4 kg and is moving at a velocity of 0.5 m / s with a kinetic energy of 0.5 J. (i) Calculate the momentum of both trolley A and trolley B. Momentum of trolley A =...kgm/s Momentum of trolley B =...kgm/s (3) Page 9

10 The trolleys in the diagram collide and join together. They move off together. Calculate the velocity with which they move off together. Velocity =... m / s (3) (Total 9 marks) Q8. (a) The diagram shows a converging lens being used as a magnifying glass. (i) On the diagram, use a ruler to draw two rays from the top of the object which show how and where the image is formed. Represent the image by an arrow drawn at the correct position. (3) Use the equation the Physics Equation Sheet to calculate the magnification produced by the lens. Show clearly how you work out your answer. Magnification =... Page 10

11 (b) A camera also uses a converging lens to form an image. Describe how the image formed by the lens in a camera is different from the image formed by a lens used as a magnifying glass. (Total 7 marks) Q9. Different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum have different uses. (a) The diagram shows the electromagnetic spectrum. Radio waves Microwaves Infrared Visible light Ultraviolet X-rays Gamma rays (i) Use the correct answers from the box to complete the sentence. amplitude frequency speed wavelength The arrow in the diagram is in the direction of increasing... and decreasing.... Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence. The range of wavelengths for waves in the electromagnetic to 10 4 spectrum is approximately 10-4 to to metres. (b) The wavelength of a radio wave is 1500 m. The speed of radio waves is m / s. Calculate the frequency of the radio wave Frequency =...Hz. Page 11

12 (c) (i) State one hazard of exposure to infrared radiation.. State one hazard of exposure to ultraviolet radiation.. (d) X-rays are used in hospitals for computed tomography (CT) scans. (i) State one property of X-rays that makes them suitable for medical imaging.... The scientific unit of measurement used to measure the dose received from radiations, such as X-rays or background radiation, is the millisievert (msv). The table shows the X-ray dose resulting from CT scans of various parts of the body. The table also shows the time it would take to get the same dose from background radiation. Part of the body X-ray dose in msv Time it would take to get the same dose from background radiation Abdomen years Sinuses months Spine months A student suggests that the X-ray dose and the time it would take to get the same dose from background radiation are directly proportional. Use calculations to test this suggestion and state your conclusion (3) (Total 11 marks) Page 12

13 Q10.The diagram shows an a.c. generator. The coil rotates about the axis shown and cuts through the magnetic field produced by the magnets. (a) (i) A potential difference is induced between X and Y. Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence. electric generator motor transformer This effect is called the... effect. What do the letters a.c. stand for?. (iii) Name an instrument that could be used to measure the potential difference between X and Y.. (b) Graph 1 shows the output from the a.c. generator. Graph 1 Page 13

14 (i) One of the axes on Graph 1 has been labelled Potential difference. What should the other axis be labelled?. The direction of the magnetic field is reversed. On Graph 1, draw the output from the a.c. generator if everything else remains the same. (c) The number of turns of wire on the coil is increased. This increases the maximum induced potential difference. State two other ways in which the maximum induced potential difference could be increased (Total 8 marks) Page 14

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