Chapter 6. Isoparametric Formulation

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1 ME 78 FIIE ELEME MEHOD Chper. Ioprerc Forlon Se fncon h ed o defne he eleen geoer ed o defne he dplceen whn he eleen ode r Eleen Lner geoer Lner dplceen ode Be Eleen Qdrc geoer Qdrc dplceen We gn he e locl coordne e o ech eleen. h coordne e clled he nrl coordne e. he dvnge of choong h coordne e eer o defne he hpe fncon nd he negron over he rfce of he eleen eer (we wll e nercl negron whch ch pler n he nrl coordne e nd cn e cled o he cl re he ep n dervng he eleenl ffne rce re he e: Sep Selec eleen pe Sep Selec dplceen fncon Sep Defne rn/dplceen re/rn relon Sep Derve eleen ffne r nd eqon.

2 -D r Eleen For -D lner r eleen he nrl coordne e for n eleen : - he nrl coordne re reled o he glol coordne hrogh whchwecnolveforhe : [( ( ] or n r for : [ ] where ow followng he render of he ep ecoe ch pler. Sep Selec dplceen fncon [ ] Sep Defne / nd /σ relon Recll h we hd he followng relon: ( d d hen pplng he chn rle of dfferenon we hve.

3 ( d d d d h B L L he re/rn relon epreed : h: σ D where D E σ EB Sep. Derve he eleen ffne r nd eqon he ffne r e K ( L AE B B d whch h n negrl over whch we hve o conver o n negrl over. h done hrogh he rnforon: L f ( d f ( J d where J he Jcon nd for he ple r eleen : And Vol!! K ( e d J d AE L L L L / L d L AE L.

4 . CS Eleen we chooe nrl coordne e hown nd defne he geoer n er of he nrl coordne e : whchwecnwrenrfor: Whch cn e olved : A β α β α β α..

5 . In h ce hee re he hpe fncon he of he hpe fncon nwhere on he eleen dd o oe h n h ce he re pl nd. Sep : Chooe he dplceen fncon we cn pl wre he eleen dplceen fncon of nodl dof n he e for ed o decre he geoer:

6 . ( ( or Ψ Sep : Srn/dplceen nd re/rn relon In -D he rn dplceen relon re: nd or n r for : B In -D he re/rn relon re: DB D σ Where D depend on wheher plne re or plne rn condon prevl(ee Chper for del

7 .7 Snce he hpe fncon re fncon of he nrl coordne nd no nd we ppl he chn rle : Le conder he followng B o hen for he dervve of he hpe fncon wh repec o he glol coordne e we pl hve: β β β And he rn re wren : A β β β β β β Sep. Derve he eleen ffne r nd eqon Ll we e he PMPE o on he ffne eqon : V S rc od V ds dv dv X P B DB Snce ll he er n B re conn nd ng he hckne nd erl propere re conn over he eleen we hve: f K where DB B K A

8 .8 Lner Srn rngle (LS Eleen Agn we chooe he e nrl coordne e for he CS we defne he geoer n er of he nrl coordne e hrogh he hpe fncon : Whch we cn olve for he hpe fncon n er of he nrl coordne follow: Le e qdrc fncon of nd ( we cn epre fncon of nd : - - o whch en h here re nknown coeffcen o e deerned for ech hpe fncon...

9 .9 Ung he followng nforon h node we wn nd ll oher hen we ge eqon for ech hpe fncon nd we cn olve for he coeffcen nd we hve: ( ( ( or recognzng h hen we hve ( ( (( ( ( ( In h ce hee look lke he of he hpe fncon nwhere on he eleen dd o

10 . Incdenll he hpe fncon n he glol coordne e for nce eleen wh de lgned wh he nd e wold look oehng lke h: / /( / / /( / /( / / / / / /( / / / h h h h h h h h h h h h wh we e he Ioprerc forlon!!! Sep : Chooe he dplceen fncon We cn pl wre he eleen dplceen fncon of nodl dof n he e for ed o decre he geoer: ( ( or Ψ

11 . Sep : Srn/dplceen nd re/rn relon In -D he rn/dplceen relon re: nd or n r for : In -D he re/rn relon re: DB D σ Where D depend on wheher plne re or plne rn condon prevl(ee Chper for del So how do we conrc he B r? Le defne he followng r 8 8 B o nd le he Jcon r e (noe h

12 . J hen he er n he B r re pl erced fro he prodc o B J Sep. Derve he eleen ffne r nd eqon Ll we e he PMPE o on he ffne eqon : V S rc od V ds dv dv X P B DB We e Gn qdrre o perfor he negron over he eleen (oe h B nd n he ove re fncon of he nrl coordne nd

13 Gn Qdrre (ercl Inegron A we w he dervon of he ffne reqre h we perfor n negron over he eleen (h coe fro he defnon of he nernl rn energ nd when we ele he force vecor. Ofen h dffcl o do eplcl nle o re ng Mhec o we rn o nercl negron echnqe. oe h n he eleen forlon we re choong he fncon for of he dplceen (hence ndrecl he for of he rn nd re whch pper n he nernl rn energ he prncple ehnd Gn Qdrre h f we know he fnconl for of wh we re rng o negre hen here cern ner of pon where we need o evle he fncon whch wll gve n ec repreenon of he negrl. G Forl: I f ( di n n W f ( We evle n negrl evlng he fncon we wn o negre dcree pon n n nd lpl h n ppropre wegh Rle: n n negron pon rle n n order ccrc Eple: negron pon wll negre order polnol ecl - n n W.

14 negron pon wll negre rd order polnol ecl - n n / ± W W G Forl n -Denon: I / / W f ( dd W f ( W f ( d W W f ( Eple: CS (conn rn rngle Here we ed lner dplceen fncon whch en h he rn feld (nd he re feld conn over he eleen. he fnd he negrl of conn.e. he re nder he crve we need onl evle h fncon one pon. For CS h pon loced n he cener of he rngle n he nrl coordne e h pon loced. nd he correpondng wegh. -node ver -node rnglr eleen.

15 . Rernng o he node LS eleen we hd B nd whch were epreed n er of he nrl coordne. For hee eleen we hve G pon wh locon nd wegh : W gp W gp W gp h gve degree of precon of (negre nd order polnol ecl o we now hve for he ffne r ( ( ( (... gp gp gp n plne plne e W da da DB J B DB J B DB J B J DB B J DB B DB B k where he Jcon h lred een conrced (when we fored he B r : de J Slrl we cn perfor he negrl pperng n he force vecor oe: he fcor of ½ coe fro he re of he rngle n pce

16 -D Brck Eleen rl coordne e For ech eleen we gn locl coordne e repreened nd whch oh pn he rnge fro o over he re of he eleen Lner dplceen fncon Qdrc dplceen fncon ( noded (8 noded ode Brck BLner Qd - we chooe nrl coordne e hown nd defne he geoer n er of he nrl coordne e : -.

17 .7 or rher n er of he hpe fncon nd he nodl coordne : whchwecnwrenrfor: Here he hpe fncon re ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( h we hve he of he hpe fncon nwhere on he eleen dd o

18 .8 Sep : Chooe he dplceen fncon we cn pl wre he eleen dplceen fncon of nodl dof n he e for ed o decre he geoer: ( ( or Ψ Sep : Srn/dplceen nd re/rn relon Agn he -D rn dplceen relon re: nd or n r for :

19 .9 A B In -D he re/rn relon re: DB D σ Where D depend on wheher plne re or plne rn condon prevl (gn ee Chper for del B re fncon of nd nd no nd o we hve o ppl he chn rle of dfferenon gn. h e we hve: d Or n r for : nd re dffcl o evle nd re no o we cn wre:

20 . J nd J where he deernn of he Jcon J : J de So we ge new B whch eql B now fncon of nd. Sep. Derve he eleen ffne r nd eqon Ll we e he PMPE o on he ffne eqon : V S rc od A ds dv da X P DB B n whch we rnfor he negrl n he - plne o negrl over he - plne fro o hrogh he rnforon nd e Gn Qdrre o perfor he negron ( n A W dd J f dd f J DB B ( (

21 . 8-ode Brck Eleen rl coordne e For ech eleen we gn locl coordne e repreened nd whch oh pn he rnge fro o over he re of he eleen Qdrc dplceen fncon he hpe fncon re: ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 8 7 lernvel we chooe nrl coordne e hown nd defne he geoer n er of he nrl coordne e : oe h h n ncoplee qdrc polnol. 7 8

22 G pon node nd 8 node rck eleen Recll h we hd ed he for of he dplceen : h lner pproon no lner n ever drecon nd o perhp pon no ffcen Qd end o eh nle. he followng ode hve no rn herefore we e ore pon

23 PACH ES Vld of Ioprerc Eleen Crcl e for vld he pch e Serve necer nd ffcen condon for he correc convergence of fne eleen forlon Bc de o ele ll ner of eleen o h le one node whn he pch hred ore hn wo eleen. he ondr node of he odel re loded e of conenl derved nodl lod correpondng o e of conn re. Eple A pch e for σ for -node eleen F F F F A pch e e perfored for ll conn re e dended of he eleen A ccefl pch e revel h he eleen - wll dpl e of conn rn - wll no rn when eced o rgd od oon - cople wh dcen eleen when eced o e of conn rn.

24 ercl eple of LS Specf he nodl coordne ccord 88. < 8 < 8 < 8.< 8.7 < 8.7.<<; Merl propere nd pln re D r plnre; E.; ν.; D E ν ν :8 ν < 8ν < : >>; Specf he hpe fncon ; n H L; n H L; n H L; n ; n ; n ; For he Bno r nd deerne he Jcon MrFor@ Bno 88D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D< 8D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D D@n D<<D H L H L J H L H L MrFor@J Splf@Bno.ccordDêêChopD J.. MrFor@Bno Splf@Invere@JD.BnoDD J For he B r MrFor@ B 88Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD < 8 Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD< 8Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD Bno@@ DD<<D k Sr forng he ffne r MrFor@K@ D De@JD Splf@rnpoe@BD.D.BDD Perfor nercl negron(evle he g pon MrFor@ Kloc ê.ê HK@..D K@..D K@..DLD k { {.

25 Appl he ondr condon R ; R ; R ; R ; R.; R ; R ; R.; R ; ; ; ; ; MrFor@ fvec 88R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R<<D MrFor@ vec 88< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8<<D Solve@Kloc.vec fvecd R. R. R.9 7 R.99<< MrFor@ fvec 88R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R< 8R<<D MrFor@ vec 88< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 8<<D k { k.98 { MrFor@revec@ D Splf@D.B.vecDD.8.. k Deerne he ree he G pon MrFor@revec@..DD MrFor@revec@..DD MrFor@revec@..DD k.99 { k.79 { nd k.887 { {.

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