1. Draw a FBD of the toy plane if it is suspended from a string while you hold the string and move across the room at a constant velocity.
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1 1. Draw a FBD of the toy plane if it is suspended from a string while you hold the string and move across the room at a constant velocity. 2. A 15 kg bag of bananas hangs from a taunt line strung between two trees. If the line sags in the middle by 15 o (relative to the horizontal), what tension (in Newtons) is in the line? 1
2 Today's Objectives Students will be able to correctly draw Free Body Diagrams Students will be able to use the concepts of force and static equilibrium to solve problems Today Go over FBD probs and Statics HW Step-by-Step approach F Tension, F Normal, F µ, Inclines, Pulleys HW QUIZ a Week from Today... 11/15 or 16 (Statics HWs) 2
3 Questions? FBD probs FBD Practice: Draw a FBD of the forces acting on the underlined object. 1. A book is at rest on a table top. 2. A toy plane is suspended motionless from the ceiling by a rope. 3. A skydiver is falling at a constant velocity, consider air resistance. 4. A rightward force is applied to your physics book in order to move it across the desk at a constant velocity. 5. A car is stopped at a stoplight on a flat street. 6. A car is parked on a street sloped at 15 o. 3
4 Questions? HW probs 4
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11 What steps have we been following for solving statics problems? Example: What force must be applied to this object in order to maintain equilibrium? (Remember, forces are vectors!!) 75 lbs 40 o 2. Resolve forces into x and y components 4 kg 1. Draw a FBD Fx and Fy aren't known we are guessing they will be in these directions. The sign of our answers will tell us the actual directions. 3. Sum your x-forces (they must equal zero) 4. Sum your y-forces (they must equal zero) 5. Calculate the resultant force and angle 11
12 General Procedure for Solving Statics Problems: 1. Make a drawing. 2. Establish a reference frame. 3. Identify variables & check units 4. Draw a FBD 5. Resolve all forces into X and Y components. 6. Sum all X components and set the sum equal to zero 7. Sum all Y components and set the sum equal to zero 8. Solve for your unknown(s) 9. Calculate the resultant force vector and angle 12
13 Forces we've encountered thusfar: Weight (F gravity = mg) F air F applied F Tension The tension force is the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. The tension in a string or rope is ALWAYS the same and acts as a pulling force in both directions. F Normal or F N The normal force is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. Acts on the object in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface. F static friction or F µs ; F µs µ s x F N A force caused by the surface roughness of the contact area of the materials, molecular attraction or adhesion between the materials, and deformations in the materials. The static friction force balances the force that you exert on the box such that the stationary box remains at rest. [there is a point where static friction is no longer able to match applied force]. 13
14 Inclines 14
15 Statics with Pulleys Assumption: Pulleys are massless and frictionless Two things to know: The tension in a string or rope is ALWAYS the same and acts as a pulling force in both directions (this means that the tension along one side of a pulley is always the same as the tension along the other side) The rules of statics apply (this means that the total of the upwards forces will always equal the total of the downwards forces on any pulley) 15
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