QCD Amplitudes Superstrings Quantum Gravity Black holes Gauge/gravity duality
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1 Formal Theory Nick Evans QCD Amplitudes Superstrings Quantum Gravity Black holes Gauge/gravity duality
2 Breaking News The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 was divided, one half awarded to David J. Thouless, the other half jointly to F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Kosterlitz "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter".
3 Nick Evans Tim Morris Kostas Skenderis Andreas Schmitt Marika Taylor Oscar Dias James Drummond Andy O Bannon Carlos Mafra
4 Experiment is still busy confirming the Standard Model 1960s & 70s theory So what are formal theorists up to? Answer: what they should be doing! * understanding field theory, the structure that underlies the SM * understanding strong coupling ala QCD * thinking about quantum gravity where we know we must go eventually * pursuing anomalies from the SM from astronomy dark energy
5 Perturbative Approaches Quantum Field Theory: Scattering amplitudes, correlation functions, Integrability, solvability, novel symmetries, Bootstrap techniques, analytic structure, Loop integrals, differential equations, Development of new techniques for QFT Large Nc Supersymmetry fermion/boson symmetry that hugely constrains form of solution. James Drummond + Carlos Mafra Postdocs: Omer Gurdogan Chrysostomos Kalousios Kasper Larsen PhD students: Stefan Druc Jack Foster Hynek Paul
6 QCD Quarks Gluon mediated interactions SU(3) gauge invariance Confinement due to asymptotic freedom Dynamical mass generation m = / 3 m p u,d
7 Exact renormalization techniques: running without gauge fixing Large Nc Supersymmetry fermion/boson symmetry that hugely constrains form of solution. Duality,monopoles, Theories with novel running: IR conformal walking asymptotic safety conformal N=4 Super Yang Mills
8 String Theory suggests string theory We need: supersymmetry 9+1 dimensions membranes graviton A candidate for a TOE or at least quantum gravity Fundamental strings Basic property is Tension BUT.. Only understood perturbatively and not directly linked to the SM
9 Quantum Gravity R is a function of g and 2 derivatives µν This is a non-renormalizable theory
10 New physics such as the string length sets in at the Planck scale (or before) Asymptotic safety a non-perturbative UV fixed point emerges? Any such theory needs to address dark energy (vacuum energy) problem (10^-11 GeV)^4
11 Black Holes General Relativity predicts black holes Pure states dropped into a black hole are reemitted as thermal Hawking radiation thooft argued that any information dropped into a black hole must be lost (breaking QM) spread over the surface (S ~ A) If the surface can contain all the information of the contents the real theory of the Universe must be dimensional! HOLOGRAPHY
12 Gauge/Gravity Duality N=4 SYM = IIB strings on AdS_5 UV IR String theory/quantum gravity are holographically emergent phenomena We now know this IS a string theory but in higher dimensions than QCD! Couplings such as g or Tr F^2 are scalar fields in this bulk Remarkably those fields are weakly coupled in some cases when the gauge theory is strongly coupled
13 Gauge/Gravity Duality Applications QCD confinement QCD mass generation Meson/glueball spectrum Deep inelastic scattering, hadronization Quark gluon plasma heavy ion collisions BSM strong coupling unparticles, composite higgs, SUSY breaking Inflation Strongly coupled condensed matter graphene, high Tc super conductors, Kondo effect.. Non-perturbative definition of strings Black holes The Big Bang singularity
14 Nick Evans Tim Morris Kostas Skenderis Andreas Schmitt Marika Taylor Oscar Dias James Drummond Andy O Bannon Carlos Mafra
15 Holography QCD, BSM ERG AS & QG Fundamentals of strings/holography QCD & neutron stars Black holes Black holes Amplitudes Holography & CM CFT & string amplitudes
16 STAG Lunch Group: Tuesday 1pm STAG Seminar: Wednesday 1pm Gravity seminar: Thursday noon STAG also includes the classical GR group in Maths: neutron star structure, compact object collisions and merger, numerical GR. Astrophysics group: observation and modelling of compact objects and gas inflow
17
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