Higgs Boson and New Particles at the LHC

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1 Higgs Boson and New Particles at the LHC Qaisar Shafi Bartol Research Institute Department Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware, USA in collaboration with Adeel Ajaib, Howard Baer, Ilia Gogoladze, Azar Mustafayev, Fariha Nasir, Shabbar Raza and Cem Salih Un. Miami 2012

2 Topics Motivation b-τ Yukawa Unification in SUSY SU(5) (NLSP stop) t-b-τ Yukawa Unification: SO(10)/NUHM2 (gluino lightest colored sparticle) SO(10)/NUGM (Higgs mass 124(±)GeV preferred; NLSP stau) SU(4) c SU(2) L SU(2) R (4 2 2) (NLSP gluino) Non-Universal Gaugino Masses and Natural SUSY (Third family sfermions relatively light; gluino TeV) Summary 1 / 50

3 Low Scale ( TeV) Supersymmetry (SUSY): Arguably the most compelling extension of the Standard Model; Resolves the gauge hierarchy problem; Provides cold dark matter candidate (LSP); Implements radiative electroweak symmetry breaking; Predicts new particles accessible at the LHC, and thereby enables unification of the SM gauge couplings; Α 1 1 MSSM Α 1 1 SM Αi Α 2 1 Α 3 1 Αi Α 2 1 Α Log 10 GeV Log 10 GeV 2 / 50

4 Grand Unification (GUTs) Unification of SM / MSSM gauge couplings; Unification of matter/quark-lepton multiplets; Electric charge quantization ; Monopoles; Seesaw physics / neutrino oscillations; Quark-Lepton mass relations; Baryo-leptogenesis; Inflation / Observable gravity waves (PLANCK) if E inf M GUT. 3 / 50

5 Lightest Higgs Boson Mass in MSSM: 1 mh 2 [ MZ 2 cos2 2β + 3 m 4 4π 2 t 1 X ( ) ( v 2 2 t + t m 2 16π 2 t 2 32πα v 2 3 Xt t + t )], 2 where t = log M2 SUSY m 2 t The parameter X t is given by X t = 2Ã2 t M 2 SUSY ( 1 Ã t = A t µ cot β ) Ã 2 t, 12MSUSY 2 here A t is the trilinear Higgs-stop coupling and µ is the Higgsino mass parameter. For TeV scale SUSY we expect m h 130 GeV 1 M. Carena, J. Espinosa, M. Quirs and C. Wagner Phys. Lett. B 355 (1995) / 50

6 Recent Limits on SUSY (Jets + Missing E T ) 2 2 ATLAS-CONF / 50

7 b-τ Yukawa Unification SUSY SU(5): Hd (L, b c ), (Q, τ c ) = y b = y τ SUSY SO(10): u,d Third family Yukawa coupling ψ ψ c H yields Suppose 10 u H u while 10 d H d cos δ +... = y b = y τ Quantify b-τ Yukawa unification(yu) by R bτ = max(y b,y τ ) min(y b,y τ ) 6 / 50

8 b-τ YU and finite threshold corrections 1 Dominant contributions to the bottom quark mass from the gluino and chargino loop δy b g 3 2 µm g tan β + y 2 12π 2 m1 2 t µa t tan β π 2 m2 2 where m 1 (m b 1 + m b 2 )/2 and m 2 (m t 2 + µ)/2 where λ b = y b and λ t = y t 1 L. J. Hall, R. Rattazzi and U. Sarid, Phys. Rev.D 50, 7048 (1994) 7 / 50

9 Importance of finite SUSY threshold corrections 8 / 50

10 b-τ Yukawa Unification in SU(5) We perform random scans using ISAJET for the following parameter range: m 10 : 0 20 TeV m 5 : 0 20 TeV M 1/2 : 0 2 TeV A t : TeV A b = A τ : TeV m Hu : 0 20 TeV m Hd : 0 20 TeV tan β : µ > 0, m t = 173.3(GeV ) 3 F. E. Paige, S. D. Protopopescu, H. Baer and X. Tata, arxiv: [hep-ph]. 9 / 50

11 Constraints m χ ± 1 (chargino mass) GeV, 123 m h (lightest Higgs mass) 127 GeV, m τ (stau mass) 105 GeV, m g (gluino mass) 850 GeV(m g 400 GeV if NLSP), BR(B s µ + µ ) < (2σ), 0.15 < BR(B u τν τ )MSSM < 2.03 (2σ), BR(B u τν τ )SM BR(b sγ) (2σ), Ω CDM h 2 = (5σ), a µ (3σ). 10 / 50

H. Baer, I. Gogoladze, A. Mustafayev, S.

Gray points satisfy REWSB and neutralino

12 H. Baer, I. Gogoladze, A. Mustafayev, S. Raza and Q. Shafi, JHEP 1203 (2012) 047. Gray points satisfy REWSB and neutralino as LSP conditions. Red and green points satisfy additional sparticle mass and B-physics bounds and have tan β < 20 and tan β > 20, respectively. The horizontal dashed line indicates the 5% b-τ Yukawa unification. 11 / 50

13 Gray points satisfy REWSB and neutralino as LSP conditions. Red and green points satisfy additional sparticle mass and B-physics bounds and have tan β < 20 and tan β > 20, respectively. The horizontal dashed line indicates the 5% b-τ Yukawa unification. 12 / 50

and have tan β < 20 and tan β > 20, respectively.

14 Gray points satisfy REWSB and neutralino as LSP conditions. Red and green points satisfy additional sparticle mass and B-physics bounds and have tan β < 20 and tan β > 20, respectively. The vertical dashed red lines represent the SM predictions and vertical solid black lines represent experimental bounds. 13 / 50

15 All points satisfy mass bounds, B-physics bounds, WMAP bounds and have R < Red and green points satisfy additional sparticle mass and B-physics bounds and have tan β < 20 and tan β > 20, respectively. 14 / 50

16 Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Point 4 m m m 1/ tan β A t A b = A τ m Hd m Hu sign(µ) m h m A µ m χ 0 1,2 461, , , , 354 m χ 0 3,4 2857, , , ,16406 m ± χ 881, , , , ,2 m g mũl,r 3314, , , , m t1,2 1211, , , , 7153 m dl,r 3315, , , , m b 1,2 1375, , , , mẽl,r 3479, , , , m τ1,2 876, , , , Ωh σv (v 0) [cm 3 /s] σ SI (p) [pb] R / 50

17 t-b-τ Yukawa Unification in SO(10) Fermion families reside in 16 i (i=1,2,3); predicts right handed neutrino non-zero neutrino masses through seesaw mechanism. Automatic Z 2 matter parity if SO(10) MSSM using only tensor repsns. Yukawa couplings include 16 i 16 j 10, 16 i 16 j 126, etc yields t b τ unification Y t = Y b = Y τ = Y ν (not so in non-susy SO(10)) In the old days (B. Ananthanarayan, G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, 1999) it was used to predict the top quark mass 16 / 50

18 Nowadays, one employs t b τ unification to make predictions, such as sparticle masses, which can be tested at the LHC/Tevatron (Baer et al.,raby et al.,...); t b τ Yukawa unification can also be realized in SU(4) c SU(2) L SU(2) R, a maximal subgroup of SO(10); 17 / 50

19 Supersymmetric SO(10):References B. Ananthanarayan, G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, Phys. Rev. D 44, 1613 (1991) and Phys. Lett. B 300, 24 (1993)5; Q. Shafi and B. Ananthanarayan, Trieste HEP Cosmol.1991: L. J. Hall, R. Rattazzi and U. Sarid, Phys. Rev. D 50, 7048 (1994); M. Olechowski and S. Pokorski, Phys. Lett. B 214, 393 (1988); T. Banks, Nucl. Phys. B 303, 172 (1988); V. Barger, M. Berger and P. Ohmann, Phys. Rev. D 49, (1994) 4908; M. Carena, M. Olechowski, S. Pokorski and C. Wagner, Nucl. Phys. B 426, 269 (1994); B. Ananthanarayan, Q. Shafi and X. Wang, Phys. Rev. D 50, 5980 (1994); G. Anderson et al. Phys. Rev. D 47, (1993) 3702 and Phys. Rev. D 49, 3660 (1994); R. Rattazzi and U. Sarid, Phys. Rev. D 53, 1553 (1996); T. Blazek, M. Carena, S. Raby and C. Wagner, Phys. Rev. D 56, 6919 (1997); T. Blazek, S. Raby and K. Tobe, Phys. Rev. D 62, (2000); H. Baer, M. Diaz, J. Ferrandis and X. Tata, Phys. Rev. D 61, (2000); H. Baer, M. Brhlik, M. Diaz, J. Ferrandis, P. Mercadante, P. Quintana and X. Tata, Phys. Rev. D 63, (2001); S. Profumo, Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003) ; C. Balazs and R. Dermisek, JHEP 0306, 024 (2003); C. Pallis, Nucl. Phys. B 678, 398 (2004); M. Gomez, G. Lazarides and C. Pallis, Phys. Rev. D 61 (2000) , Nucl. Phys. B 638, 165 (2002) and Phys. Rev. D 67, (2003); U. Chattopadhyay, A. Corsetti and P. Nath, Phys. Rev. D , (2002); T. Blazek, R. Dermisek and S. Raby, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, (2002) and Phys. Rev. D 65, (2002); M. Gomez, T. Ibrahim, P. Nath and S. Skadhauge, Phys. Rev. D 72, (2005); K. Tobe and J. D. Wells, Nucl. Phys. B, 663, 123 (2003); W. Altmannshofer, D. Guadagnoli, S. Raby and D. M. Straub, Phys. Lett. B 668, 385 (2008); S. Antusch and M. Spinrath, Phys. Rev. D 78, (2008); S. Antusch and M. Spinrath, Phys. Rev. D 79, (2009); D. Guadagnoli, S. Raby and D. M. Straub, JHEP 0910, 059 (2009); H. Baer, S. Kraml and S. Sekmen, JHEP / 50

20 SUSY and t b τ Yukawa coupling unification yt yb yτ yi log 10 (Q/GeV) 19 / 50

21 t-b-τ Yukawa Unification in NUHM2 m 16, M 1/2, A 0, m Hu, m Hd tan β, sign(µ) m 16 Universal soft SUSY breaking sfermion mass M 1/2 Universal SSB gaugino mass A 0 Universal SSB trilinear interaction m Hu SSB Higgs mass term m Hd SSB Higgs mass term tan β = vu v d µ SUSY bilinear Higgs parameter µ > 0 20 / 50

22 Random scans performed over the parameter space: m 16 : 0 30 TeV M 1/2 : 0 5 TeV A 0 /m 0 : 3 3 m Hu : 0 35 TeV m Hd : 0 35 TeV tan β : sign(µ) > 0, m t = 173.3(GeV ) Quantify Yukawa unification by R tbτ = max(yt,y b,y τ ) min(y t,y b,y τ ) 21 / 50

23 H. Baer, S. Raza and Q. Shafi, Phys.Lett. B712 (2012) Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Orange points satisfy mass bounds (including m h in the range GeV and m g 0.85TeV ) and constraints from B-physics. Blue points belong to a subset of orange points and represent mh in the range GeV. 22 / 50

24 Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Orange points satisfy mass bounds (including m h in the range GeV and m g 0.85TeV ) and constraints from B-physics. Blue points belong to a subset of orange points and represent mh in the range GeV. The vertical dashed red lines represent the SM predictions and vertical solid black lines represent experimental bounds. The vertical solid black lines in the last figure represent the ratio of expt./sm. 23 / 50

25 Point 2 Point 3 Point 4 m m 1/ A 0 /m tan β m Hd m Hu m h m H m A m H ± m g m χ 0 1,2 150, , ,894 m χ 0 3, , , ,5660 m ± χ 350, , ,5619 1,2 mũl,r 25577, , ,25667 m t1,2 6548, , ,7601 m dl,r 25577, , ,25959 m b 1,2 7798, , ,9098 m ν m ν mẽl,r 25383, , ,26045 m τ1,2 9596, , ,19097 Ω CDM h R tbτ Note: g is the lightest colored sparticle 24 / 50

26 t-b-τ YU in SO(10)[NUHM1/NUGM]: m 16, m 10, M i, A 0, tan β, sign(µ) m 16 Universal soft SUSY breaking (SSB) sfermion mass m 10 Universal SSB MSSM Higgs mass. m Hu = m Hd M GUT at M i SSB gaugino masses. M 1 : M 2 : M 3 = 1 : 3 : 2 at M GUT A 0 Universal SSB trilinear interaction tan β = vu v d µ SUSY bilinear Higgs parameter sign(µ) > 0 24 / 50

27 Random scans performed over the parameter space: m 16 : 0 5 TeV m 10 : 0 5 TeV M 1/2 : 0 2 TeV A 0 /m 0 : 3 3 tan β : sign(µ) > 0, m t = 173.3(GeV ) M 1 = M 1/2,M 2 = 3M 1/2,M 3 = 2M 1/2 25 / 50

Ilia Gogoladze, Q. Shafi and C. Salih Un arxiv:1112.2206 [hep-ph](2011). All points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP.

28 Ilia Gogoladze, Q. Shafi and C. Salih Un arxiv: [hep-ph](2011). All points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Green points satisfy particle mass bounds and B-physics bounds. Red points belong to a subset of green points and satisfy the WMAP bounds on neutralino dark matter abundance. The dashed line indicates Yukawa unification within 5% 26 / 50

29 Higgs mass and rare decays. Color coding is the same as in previous figures. The vertical dashed orange lines represent the SM predictions, vertical solid black lines represent experimental bounds and horizontal dashed black line represents R bτ The vertical solid black lines in the last figure represent the ratio of expt./sm. 27 / 50

30 Plots in m τ m χ 0 1, m q m g planes. Color coding is same as in previous figure. 28 / 50

31 Point 1 Point 2 m M M M m tan β A 0 /m m t µ B µ m h m H m A m H ± m χ 0 1,2 946, , 2995 m χ 0 3,4 4060, , 4097 m ± χ 4109, , ,2 m g mũl,r 8123, , 5856 m t1,2 5505, , 5644 m d L,R 8123, , 5848 m b 1,2 5814, , 5614 m ν m ν mẽl,r 4462, , 1861 m τ1,2 949, , 3322 (g 2) µ σ SI (pb) σ SD (pb) Ω CDM h R / 50

32 Suspect vs. Isajet R m h and R µ planes. All points are consistent with REWSB and LSP neutralino. Green points satisfy mass and b-physics bounds, and brown points are a subset of green points for which Ωh 2 < / 50

33 Suspect ISAJET m m 1/ tan β A 0 /m m sign(µ) + + m h m H m A m H ± µ m χ 0 1,2 633, , 1061 m χ 0 3,4 924, , 3447 m ± χ 921, , ,2 m g mũl,r 5755, , 5248 m t1,2 3892, , 4877 m d L,R 5755, , 5245 m b 1,2 4140, , 4858 mẽl,r 3364, , 2260 m τ1,2 953, , 3042 R / 50

34 Yukawa Unification and NLSP g in SU(4) c SU(2) L SU(2) R (4-2-2) SM fermions: ψ i = (4, 2, 1) and ψ c i = ( 4, 1, 2) MSSM Higgs: H = (1, 2, 2) Third family Yukawa coupling ψ ψ c H yields Y t = Y b = Y τ = Y ν Asymptotic relation between the three MSSM gaugino masses with left-right symmetry M 1 = 3 5 M M 3 One additional parameter (from gaugino non-universality) compared to the SO(10) model 32 / 50

35 We perform random scans for the following parameter range (NUHM2/NUGM): 0 m TeV, 0 M 2 2 TeV, 0 M 3 2 TeV, 3 A 0 /m 16 3, 0 M D /m 10 1, 0 m TeV 40 tan β 60, sign(µ) > 0, m t = GeV. m Hd,Hu = m 10 1 ± (MD /m 10 ) 2 33 / 50

36 S. Raza and Q. Shafi (in preparation). Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Orange points satisfy mass bounds (including m h in the range GeV and m g 0.4TeV ) constraints from B-physics. Purple points belong to a subset of orange points and and satisfy WMAP bound and represent m g /m χ 0 1 < / 50

Purple points belong to a subset of orange points and and satisfy WMAP bound and represent m g /m χ 0 1 < 1.2.

37 Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Orange points satisfy mass bounds (including m h in the range GeV and m g 0.4TeV ) constraints from B-physics. Purple points belong to a subset of orange points and and satisfy WMAP bound and represent m g /m χ 0 1 < 1.2. The vertical dashed red lines represent the SM predictions and vertical solid black lines represent experimental bounds. The vertical solid black lines in the last figure represent the ratio of expt./sm. 35 / 50

123-127 GeV and m g 0.4TeV ) constraints from B-physics.

38 Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino LSP. Orange points satisfy mass bounds (including m h in the range GeV and m g 0.4TeV ) constraints from B-physics. Green points belong to a subset of orange points and satisfy WMAP bounds and R tbτ / 50

39 Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 m M M M m 10 /m m D /m A 0 /m tan β m h m H m A m H ± m χ 0 1,2 543, , , 3122 m χ 0 3, , , ,20873 m ± χ 1666, , , ,2 m g mũl,r 27650, , ,31583 m t1, , , ,9529 m d L,R 27650, , ,32079 m b 1, , , ,9533 m ν m ν mẽl,r 27501, , ,32321 m τ1, , , ,20768 σ SI (pb) σ SD (pb) Ω CDM h R tbτ / 50

40 Non Universal Gaugino Masses and Natural SUSY I. Gogoladze, F. Nasir, Q. Shafi arxiv: Little Hierarchy Problem in the MSSM At tree level CP-even Higgs boson mass m h in the MSSM is bounded from above by m h M Z Significant radiative corrections are needed in order to accommodate value m h 125 GeV In the MSSM, through minimizing the tree level scalar potential, M Z can be computed as: 1 2 M2 Z = µ2 + ( ) m 2 Hd mh 2 u tan 2 β tan 2 µ 2 mh 2 β 1 u. Unless µ and m Hu values are of order M Z some fine-tunning of these parameters are required. 38 / 50

41 Electroweak scale Fine-tuning condition is given as 4 : where C i are defined as: EW max(c i )/(M 2 Z /2). C Hd m 2 H d /(tan 2 β 1), C Hu m 2 H u tan 2 β/(tan 2 β 1), C µ µ 2 From RGE running we can also have High Scale fine-tuning as: HS max(b i )/(M 2 Z /2). 4 H. Baer, V. Barger, P. Huang, D. Mickelson, A. Mustafayev and X. Tata, arxiv: [hep-ph]. 39 / 50

42 We perform random scans using ISAJET for the following parameter range: 0 m 0 = m Hu = m Hd 20 TeV, 0 M 2 5 TeV, 0 M 3 5 TeV, 3 A 0 /m 0 3, 2 tan β 60, sign(µ) > 0, m t = GeV. 5 F. E. Paige, S. D. Protopopescu, H. Baer and X. Tata, arxiv: [hep-ph]. 40 / 50

Plots in the HS EW planes for CMSSM and 4-2-2 cases.

The orange points form a subset of the gray ones and satisfy B-physics bounds and for (g 2)

43 Plots in the HS EW planes for CMSSM and cases. Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino to be LSP. The orange points form a subset of the gray ones and satisfy B-physics bounds and for (g 2) µ we require that the model does no worse than SM. Green points belong to the subset of orange points and satisfy the Higgs mass range 123 GeV m h 127 GeV. 41 / 50

Plots in EW m h and HS m h plains for CMSSM and

The orange points form a subset of the gray

µ we require that the model does no worse than

44 Plots in EW m h and HS m h plains for CMSSM and cases. Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino to be LSP. The orange points form a subset of the gray ones and satisfy B-physics bounds and for (g 2) µ we require that the model does no worse than SM. Green points belong to the subset of orange points and satisfy the Higgs mass range 123 GeV m h 127 GeV. 42 / 50

Plots in the m q m g, m χ + m χ 0, m t1 m χ 0 and m τ1 m χ 0 planes for 4-2-2 case.

The orange points form a subset of the gray ones and satisfy B-physics bounds and for

Green points belong to the subset of orange points and satisfy the Higgs mass range 123

45 Plots in the m q m g, m χ + m χ 0, m t1 m χ 0 and m τ1 m χ 0 planes for case. Gray points are consistent with REWSB and neutralino to be LSP. The orange points form a subset of the gray ones and satisfy B-physics bounds and for (g 2) µ we require that the model does no worse than SM. Green points belong to the subset of orange points and satisfy the Higgs mass range 123 GeV m h 127 GeV. In addition, we have used maroon color to denote a subset of the green points, that have HS < 100 and EW < / 50

46 CMSSM m M M M A tan β µ m h m H m A m H ± m χ 0 1,2 424, , , 762 m χ 0 3,4 1845, , , 4032 m ± χ 810, , , 423 1,2 m g mũl,r 2239, , , 3118 m t1,2 1084, , , 3768 m dl,r 2240, , , 3025 m b 1,2 1721, , , 3808 m ν m ν mẽl,r 1265, , , 1407 m τ1,2 719, , , 3156 σ SI (p) [pb] σ SDI (p) [pb] Ωh EW HS / 50

47 Summary Several interesting, well motivated and distinct scenarios which are being tested at the LHC: b-τ YU in SU(5) yields NLSP stop with tan β 30. t-b-τ YU in SO(10) with non-universal Higgs(NUHM2) yields gluino as the lightest colored sparticle; LSP neutralino not viable as CDM. t-b-τ YU in SO(10) with non-universal gaugino masses (NUGM) works best for m h GeV and yields NLSP stau. 45 / 50

48 t-b-τ YU in with sign(µ) > 0 yields NLSP gluino. The little hierarchy problem is ameliorated in supersymmetric models based on the gauge symmetry SU(4) c SU(2) L SU(2) R supplemented by a discrete left-right symmetry (C-parity). By imposing conditions for natural SUSY ( EW < 100 and HS < 100) and requiring 123GeV < m h < 127GeV, a distinctive particle spectra is obtained characterized by relatively light third generation sfermions. Challenge: Measure various properties of the Higgs boson and find some SUSY particles. 46 / 50

49 Thank you!! 47 / 50

50 Backup slides 48 / 50

51 SUSY contribution to BR(b sγ) The diagrams contributing to b sγ decay in the SM and in the MSSM. BR SUSY (b sγ) µa t m b tan βf ( m 2 t 1, m 2 t 1, m χ ±) 49 / 50

52 SUSY contribution to BR(B s µ + µ ) The diagrams contributing to B s µ + µ decay in the SM and in the MSSM. BR SUSY (B s µ + µ ) ( tan 6 β m2 b m2 t m2 µ µ2 M 4 W m4 A m 2 t 1 log m2 t 1 µ mu 2 m 2 t 1 ) m 2 2 m2 t t 2 log 2 µ mu 2 mt / 50

Yukawa and Gauge-Yukawa Unification

Yukawa and Gauge-Yukawa Unification Miami 2010, Florida Bartol Research Institute Department Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware, USA in collaboration with Ilia Gogoladze, Rizwan Khalid, Shabbar Raza, Adeel Ajaib, Tong Li and Kai