EFFECT OF NOZZLE ANGLE ON JET IMPINGEMENT COOLING SYSTEM KHAIDER BIN ABU BAKAR
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1 EFFECT OF NOZZLE ANGLE ON JET IMPINGEMENT COOLING SYSTEM KHAIDER BIN ABU BAKAR Report submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG NOVEMBER 2009
2 ii SUPERVISOR S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I have checked this project and in my opinion, this project is adequate in terms of scope and quality for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering. Signature Name of Supervisor: MR. WAN AZMI BIN WAN HAMZAH Position:LECTURER Date: 23 NOVEMBER 2009
3 iii STUDENT S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work in this project is my own except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged. The project has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurently submitted for award of other degree. Signature Name: KHAIDER BIN ABU BAKAR ID Number: MA Date: 23 NOVEMBER 2009
4 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPERVISOR S DECLARATION STUDENT S DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF SYMBOLS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Page ii iii v vi vii viii xi xii xiv xvi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study Problem Statement Objectives of Study Scopes of Study 2 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Jet Impingement Nozzle Convection Heat Transfer Laminar Flow Reynolds Number Nusselt Number Steady State Humidity
5 ix 2.9 Previous Research 12 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.0 Introduction Flow Chart Apparatus Experiment Setup Retort Stand scale Labelling Labelling Specimen Angle Setup Procedures Data Distribution Experiment Process Flow 29 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction Calculation Tables And Graph At Constant Reynolds Number at Various H/d At Constant H/d at Various Reynolds Number Angle Distribution Reynolds Number Distribution H/d Distribution 45 CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 Conclusions Recommendations 46
6 x REFERENCES 48 APPENDICES A Table A B Data from Experiment 50 C D Graph Temperature ( ⁰C ) vs r/d Graph heat transfer coefficient vs r/d 59 67
7 xi LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page 2.1 List types of nozzle List of the equipment typically required for the experiment Data distributions for experiment Continued Sample of result table Data configuration for Re=2300,H/d= Data configuration for Re=2300,H/d= Data configuration for Re=2300,H/d= Data configuration for Re=2300,H/d= Data configuration for Re=2300,H/d= Data configuration for Re=1960,H/d= Data configuration for Re=930,H/d= Data configuration for Re=500,H/d=2 41
8 xii LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Title Page 2.1 Example one of jet impingement Comparison on forced convection, natural convection and 7 Conduction 2.3 Temperature and relative humidity range in Malaysia Graphs of obliquely impinging jet mean,nusselt Number 13 distributions, Re= Graphs of obliquely impinging jet mean,nusselt Number 13 distributions, Angle 45⁰ 2.6 Graphs of obliquely impinging jet mean,nusselt Number 14 distributions, Re=10 000,Angle= 45⁰ 3.1 The flow diagram of the project The flow diagram of the experiment Anemometer Laser Thermometer Air regulator Air Pipe Heater Steel Plate Experiment Setup Experiment setup for labelling height, Y scale at retort stand bar 21 (side view) 3.11 Labelling specimen D view for angles setup by using Theorem Pythagoras Actual experiment setup 25
9 xiii 3.14 Steel Plate heated at 100 ⁰C Angle setup for 45⁰, H/d= 6,Height Y= 4.3 cm and X= 4.3 cm Experimental process flow Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 1960, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 930, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 500, H/d= Graph Plate Temperature vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Angle 90⁰, H/d= Graph Nusselt Number vs r/d at Re= 2300, Angle 90⁰ 45
10 xiv LIST OF SYMBOLS Re Q H / d r / d h Nu C ⁰ D d r c L c T s T T k c p Reynolds Number Rate of net heat transfer Dimensionless jet to heat source spacing to the Dimensionless radius of the heat source area Heat transfer coefficient Nusselt Number Degree Celcius Degree Diameter of the wall Diameter of the nozzle Radius of the nozzle Characteristic Length Temperature surface Ambient temperature Temperature Different Thermal conductivity Specific heat µ Dynamic viscosity V ρ υ m Fluid velocity Density Kinematic viscosity Molar mass
11 xv m A c A s Mass flow rate Area of the nozzle Area of the wall
12 xvi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS FYP Final year project vs Versus 3-D Three Dimension
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