Welcome to Physics 43!
|
|
- Sandra Riley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Welcome to Physics 43!
2 Classical Mechanics! Study of the motion of objects and mechanical systems that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light.
3 You can t get to Modern Physics without doing Classical Physics! The fundamental laws and principles of Classical Physics are the basis Modern Physics.
4 Some Physical Models of the Universe A Brief History of Physics
5 Physics seeks a single theory of Everything. Bubble Universes Superstrings Theory of Everything (TOE)
6
7 Let no one unversed in geometry enter here. The Universe is made of pure mathematical ideas the Platonic Solids. Plato believed that the stars, planets, Sun and Moon move round the Earth in crystalline spheres.
8 Earth and the universe were seen as constructed out of five basic elements: earth, water, air, fire, and ether. The natural place of the motionless Earth was at the center of that universe. The stars in the heavens were made up of an indestructible substance called ether (aether) and were considered as eternal and unchanging. The laws of nature of the Earth were different from those of the Heavens.
9 The Sun and the planets would revolve in small circles whose centers revolve in large circles about the Earth ("epicycles") which is at rest and at the center of the Universe.
10 From our perspective, the sun and stars appear to orbit us!
11 Ptolemy's geocentric system, adopted by the Roman Catholic Church, dominated western thought until the time of Copernicus, 14 centuries later..
12 5 th -15 th Centuries
13 European Enlightenment Renaissance 14 th & 15 th Century The Vitruvian Man 1490
14 Copernicus put the Sun at the center of the solar system with the Earth orbiting around the Sun, thus proposing a heliocentric cosmology. Like Aristotle and Ptolemy, Copernicus retained the conventional idea that the planets moved in perfectly circular orbits and continued to believe that the stars were fixed and unchanging.
15 REVOLUTION!
16 I hold that the Sun is located at the centre of the revolutions of the heavenly orbs and does not change place, and that the Earth rotates on itself and moves around it.
17 Heliocentric Heretics
18 Rome, Campo de'fiori: The monument to Giordano Bruno, burnt at the stake here.
19 Based on observational data he derived three laws of planetary motion that put the sun at he center of the universe with elliptical orbits.
20 Isaac Newton ( ) Using his Calculus, Newton derives Kepler s three laws of planetary motion from his own three laws of motion and his Universal Law of Gravity. Newton is the man of the millennium. In Principia (1687 ) Newton Invented Calculus 3 Laws of Motion Universal Law of Gravity
21 NOT ONLY is the Earth not immobile! The Earth Moves through Solar System at 30Km/sec!!!
22 Milky Way Galaxy At the turn of the 20 th century we did not know that there were other galaxies in the Universe!!! Orbital Speed of Solar System: 220 km/s Orbital Period: 225 Million Years
23 Gas Particles are in constant RANDOM motion Particles have different speeds Pressure is given by the momentum transferred by particles colliding Average KE of each particle is ~ T
24 2nd Law of Thermo Heat flows spontaneously from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature and does not flow spontaneously in the reverse direction. Heat flows from hot to cold. Alternative: Irreversible processes must have an increase in Entropy; Reversible processes have no change in Entropy. Entropy is a measure of disorder in a system
25 Conservation of Energy Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It may change in form or be transferred from one system to another. The total amount of energy in the Universe is constant and can never change. E i = E f Except for VERY brief amounts of time according to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
26 1860: E&M was Solved! (Vector Form)
27 James Clerk Maxwell 1860s Light is wave. The medium is the Ether. 1 8 c= = 3.0x10 m/ s με 0 o
28 What is the World Made of?
29 Why a discrete spectrum? Why THIS spectrum?
30 Why this shape? Why the drop?
31 Classical vs Modern Laws of Physics are deterministic. Space and time are absolute. Particles are Localized in Space and have mass and momentum. Waves are non-localized in space and do not have mass or momentum. Superposition: Two particles cannot occupy the same space at the same time! But Waves can! Waves add in space and show interference. Laws of Physics are statistical. Space and time are relative. The speed of light is absolute. Particles are wave-like Waves are particle-like
32 Modern Physics: Quantum Physics & Relativity
33 Unsolved Mysteries of 1900 s that gave birth to Modern Physics Where is the ether? Is light particle or wave? What is matter made of? How and why do atoms radiate discrete spectra? Are nebulae within our galaxy or are they other galaxies? Is space & time finite? Infinite?
34 Born 1879
35 Galilean Relativity The force on a moving charge depends on the Frame. Charge Rest Frame (moving with charge) Wire Rest Frame (moving with wire) F = 0 F = qvbsinθ Einstein realized this inconsistency and could have chosen either: Keep Maxwell's Laws of Electromagnetism, and abandon Galileo's Spacetime or, keep Galileo's Spacetime, and abandon the Maxwell Laws.
36 Newton s Principia in Galilean Relativity Space and Time are ABSOLUTE! Velocities add: V= U +V' V = 25m/s U = 20 m/s V = 45m/s
37 Time is Relative! Space is Relative! Only the SPEED OF LIGHT is Absolute!
38 Lorentz Contraction in Wire Moving charges in the wire cause a Lorentz contraction in the distance between the moving charges in the wire so that from the rest frame of the charge outside the wire (or at rest in the wire) the moving charges bunch up and thus give a net charge to the wire.
39 Eisntein Saves Maxwell! The force on a moving charge does NOT depend on the Frame. Charge Rest Frame (moving with charge) Wire Rest Frame (moving with wire) F = qvbsinθ F = kqq 1 2 / r 2 From the rest frame of the charge, the wire is charged and it feels a Coulomb force. The forces in each frame are equal though they are due to different causes!
40 On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies 1905
41 Energy is Converted into Mass E = mc 2
42 Fission Heavy elements FISSION into lighter elements, releasing energy in the process by E = Δmc 2, where Δm is the difference in mass between the parent and products. ~ 25 MeV is released in this reaction Most of the Energy is released in the form of Kinetic Energy (heat).
43 Nuclear Weapons
44 Albert Einstein 1916 Mass warps space-time. The Field Equation:
45 Evolution of Life in the Universe
46 Cepheids Andromeda Galaxy Hubble V = H o d
47 Space and Time were created in the Big Bang!
48
49 The Quantum Gang
50 Particles!
51
52
53 The Universe is made of Regular Matter: 5% Dark Matter: 25% Dark Energy: 70%
54 Dark Energy: Accelerating the Universe toward the Future
55 Future Evolution?
56 Quantum Entanglement Quantum Computing The Qubit At the heart of the realm of quantum computation is the qubit. The quantum bit, by analogy with the binary digit, the bit, used by everyday computers, the qubit is the quantum computer's unit of currency. Instead of being in a 1 or zero state, a qubit can be in a superposition of both states.
57 Quantum Teleportation??
58 Black Holes & Worm Holes
59 LISA Gravity Waves
60 Parallel Universes Multiverse
61 String Theory
62 Quantum Quackery?
63 The Final Frontier: Consciousness Each caged electron is a qubit in a nanoscale quantum dot. We have a billion billion of them enslaved by coherent near electromagnetic brain fields of low frequency. This forms a mind-brain hologram. There is direct back-reaction of the coherent phased array of single electron dipoles on their mental pilot landscape field. This generates our inner conscious experience. - Jack Sarfatti A Quantum Model of Consciousness
64
Welcome to Physics 43!
Welcome to Physics 43! Classical Mechanics! Study of the motion of objects and mechanical systems that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light. You can t get
More informationPhysics 40 1-D Kinematics
Physics 40 1-D Kinematics Physics 40 IS Classical Mechanics! Study of the motion of objects and mechanical systems that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light.
More informationAstronomy Lesson 8.1 Astronomy s Movers and Shakers
8 Astronomers.notebook Astronomy Lesson 8.1 Astronomy s Movers and Shakers Aristotle 384 322 BCE Heavenly objects must move on circular paths at constant speeds. Earth is motionless at the center of the
More informationPhysics 40 1-D Kinematics
Physics 40 1-D Kinematics Physics 40 IS Classical Mechanics! Study of the motion of objects and mechanical systems that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light.
More informationo Terms to know o Big Bang Theory o Doppler Effect o Redshift o Universe
Standard 1: Students will understand the scientific evidence that supports theories that explain how the universe and the solar system developed. They will compare Earth to other objects in the solar system.
More informationThe Search for a Fundamental Theory of the Universe
The Search for a Fundamental Theory of the Universe Lecture 1- History & basic concepts, including Newton, Maxwell, Einstein & Quantum Mechanics Lecture 2 - Where are we now? General relativity & the Standard
More informationWelcome to Physics 40!
Welcome to Physics 40! Physics 40: Mechanics Kinematics: The physics of motion Newton s Three Laws of Motion Energy: Kinetic and Potential Linear & Angular Momentum Conservation Laws Newton s Universal
More informationHawking & the Universe
Hawking & the Universe This is a supplement to the lecture given on Jan 26, 2015, by Dr. Mounib El Eid, Physics department, AUB. It may motivate the reader to explore some of the presented issues. There
More informationOCN 201. Origin of the Universe
OCN 201 Origin of the Universe Eta Carinae star system Science and the Scientific Method Science: Human search for a natural explanation of what the universe is How it is constructed, and how it came to
More informationSpace Notes Covers Objectives 1 & 2
Space Notes Covers Objectives 1 & 2 Space Introduction Space Introduction Video Celestial Bodies Refers to a natural object out in space 1) Stars 2) Comets 3) Moons 4) Planets 5) Asteroids Constellations
More informationN = R * f p n e f l f i f c L
Astronomy 230 Section 1 MWF 1400-1450 106 B6 Eng Hall This Class (Lecture 20): Evolution of the Worldview Next Class: Lifetime Presentations MWF: Arthur Jones Mark Piergies Matt Clarkin Gergana Slavova
More informationRevolution and Enlightenment. The scientific revolution
Revolution and Enlightenment The scientific revolution Background in Revolution In the middle ages, educated europeans relied on ancient authorities like Aristotle for scientific knowledge. By the 15th
More informationCultural Evolution, II
Cultural Evolution, II Evolution of Concept of Universe Interest part of f c Requires the following: 1. Understand the size and nature of Universe 2. Understand place in Universe (not the center) 3. Optimistic
More informationWelcome to Physics 40!
Welcome to Physics 40! Physics 40: Mechanics Kinematics: The physics of motion Newton s Three Laws of Motion Energy: Kinetic and Potential Linear & Angular Momentum Conservation Laws Newton s Universal
More informationCultural Evolution, II
Cultural Evolution, II Evolution of Concept of Universe Interest part of f c Requires the following: 1. Understand the size and nature of Universe 2. Understand our place in Universe (no the center) 3.
More informationThe Birth of Astronomy. Lecture 3 1/24/2018
The Birth of Astronomy Lecture 3 1/24/2018 Fundamental Questions of Astronomy (life?) What is the shape of the Earth? How big is the planet we live on? Why do the stars move across the sky? Where is Earth
More informationBROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that
BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 10 Test 1: November 2014 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 2 Number of students: 961 Examination date: 7 November 2014 Time limit: 50 min Time of Examination: 17:00
More informationOCN 201. The Scientific Method applied to Origin of the Universe
OCN 201 The Scientific Method applied to Origin of the Universe Science and the Scientific Method Science: from the Latin verb scire: to know, to discern; originally from an Indo-European word meaning
More informationLimitations of Newtonian Physics
Limitations of Newtonian Physics 18 th and 19 th Centuries Newtonian Physics was accepted as an ultimate truth Science is never absolute Hundreds of experiments can t prove my theory right but only one
More informationOrigins of the Universe
Cosmology Origins of the Universe The study of the universe, its current nature, its origin, and evolution 1 2 The Theory Theory Expansion indicates a denser, hotter past uniform, hot gas that cools as
More information2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Daily Life Some of the topics we will explore: How do we describe motion? (Speed,
More informationModels of the Solar System. The Development of Understanding from Ancient Greece to Isaac Newton
Models of the Solar System The Development of Understanding from Ancient Greece to Isaac Newton Aristotle (384 BC 322 BC) Third in line of Greek thinkers: Socrates was the teacher of Plato, Plato was the
More informationHistory of Astronomy. PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy. Tycho Brahe and Exploding Stars. Tycho Brahe ( ) Chapter 4. Renaissance Period
PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy History of Astronomy Chapter 4 Renaissance Period Copernicus new (and correct) explanation for retrograde motion of the planets Copernicus new (and correct) explanation
More informationDay 4: Scientific Ideas Change the World
Day 4: Scientific Ideas Change the World Learning Goal 4: Describe how the ideas of Copernicus, Galileo, Newton and Boyle and the invention of the printing press contributed to the Scientific Revolution
More informationTest Bank for Life in the Universe, Third Edition Chapter 2: The Science of Life in the Universe
1. The possibility of extraterrestrial life was first considered A) after the invention of the telescope B) only during the past few decades C) many thousands of years ago during ancient times D) at the
More informationCompeting Models. The Ptolemaic system (Geocentric) The Copernican system (Heliocentric)
Competing Models The Ptolemaic system (Geocentric) The Copernican system (Heliocentric) How did Galileo solidify the Copernican revolution? Galileo overcame major objections to the Copernican view. Three
More informationAstronomy- The Original Science
Astronomy- The Original Science Imagine that it is 5,000 years ago. Clocks and modern calendars have not been invented. How would you tell time or know what day it is? One way to tell the time is to study
More informationRocky Kolb Fermilab & University of Chicago. July 27, 2001 LP01 Rome
Rocky Kolb Fermilab & University of Chicago July 27, 2001 LP01 Rome A view of the universe, circa 1901 A.D. Kapteyn Universe 1) Composition: Starz in the hood 2) Arrangement: 6,500 light years Solar system
More informationBROCK UNIVERSITY. 1. The observation that the intervals of time between two successive quarter phases of the Moon are very nearly equal implies that
BROCK UNIVERSITY Page 1 of 10 Test 1: November 2014 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 2 Number of students: 30 Examination date: 10 November 2014 Time limit: 50 min Time of Examination: 9:00
More informationWelcome to Physics 1!
Welcome to Physics 1! How to Succeed in this Class Come to Class! Read the Book/Outline the book BEFORE lecture. Take notes during class & rewrite them after. Check out the power point lectures online.
More informationToday. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws Laws of Motion. Laws of Motion
Today Planetary Motion Tycho Brahe s Observations Kepler s Laws Laws of Motion Laws of Motion In 1633 the Catholic Church ordered Galileo to recant his claim that Earth orbits the Sun. His book on the
More informationScientific Revolution
Chapter 8 Scientific Rev Page 1 Scientific Revolution Monday, October 31, 2005 11:02 Background "Intellectual Revolution" 17th century age of genius About Ideas, not technology Science before the Scientific
More informationPhysics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits. Planetary Motion
Physics Unit 7: Circular Motion, Universal Gravitation, and Satellite Orbits Planetary Motion Geocentric Models --Many people prior to the 1500 s viewed the! Earth and the solar system using a! geocentric
More informationDirections: Read each slide
Directions: Read each slide and decide what information is needed. Some slides may have red or yellow or orange underlined. This information is a clue for you to read more carefully or copy the information
More informationHow Astronomers Learnt that The Heavens Are Not Perfect
1 How Astronomers Learnt that The Heavens Are Not Perfect Introduction In this packet, you will read about the discoveries and theories which changed the way astronomers understood the Universe. I have
More informationChapter 2 The Copernican Revolution
Chapter 2 The Copernican Revolution Units of Chapter 2 2.1 Ancient Astronomy 2.2 The Geocentric Universe 2.3 The Heliocentric Model of the Solar System The Foundations of the Copernican Revolution 2.4
More informationCh. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest
Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest Ch. 22 Origin of Modern Astronomy Pretest 1. True or False: Early Greek astronomers (600 B.C. A.D. 150) used telescopes to observe the stars. Ch. 22 Origin of
More informationCopernican Revolution. ~1500 to ~1700
~1500 to ~1700 Copernicus (~1500) Brahe (~1570) Kepler (~1600) Galileo (~1600) Newton (~1670) The Issue: Geocentric or Heliocentric Which model explains observations the best? Copernicus (~1500) Resurrected
More informationSection 3- The history and future of space exploration
Unit 1: Space Section 3- The history and future of space exploration Ancient Astronomer Speed Dating Remember: Speak to your partner, don t copy notes Keep points brief, don t write paragraphs Stick to
More informationHow big is the Universe and where are we in it?
Announcements Results of clicker questions from Monday are on ICON. First homework is graded on ICON. Next homework due one minute before midnight on Tuesday, September 6. Labs start this week. All lab
More informationIsaac Newton & Gravity
Isaac Newton & Gravity Isaac Newton was born in England in 1642 the year that Galileo died. Newton would extend Galileo s study on the motion of bodies, correctly deduce the form of the gravitational force,
More informationN = R * f p n e f l f i f c L
This Class (Lecture 32): Cultural Evolution Next Class: Lifetime ET: Astronomy 230 HW 7 due today! Outline Will a civilization develop that has the appropriate technology and worldview? The most important
More informationOCN 201. The Scientific Method applied to Origin of the Universe
OCN 201 The Scientific Method applied to Origin of the Universe Science and the Scientific Method Science: from the Latin verb scire: to know, to discern; originally from an Indo-European word meaning
More informationCosmology is the study of the universe. What is it s structure? How did it originate? How is it evolving? What is its eventual fate?
Cosmology Cosmology is the study of the universe. What is it s structure? How did it originate? How is it evolving? What is its eventual fate? ANCIENT COSMOLOGIES The Ptolemaic Universe Claudius Ptolemy
More informationAstronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1
Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1 Chapter 1 1. A scientific hypothesis is a) a wild, baseless guess about how something works. b) a collection of ideas that seems to explain
More informationGalileo Galilei. Trial of Galileo before the papal court
Rene Descartes Rene Descartes was a French philosopher who was initially preoccupied with doubt and uncertainty. The one thing he found beyond doubt was his own experience. Emphasizing the importance of
More informationPHYS 340 ( From Atoms to the Universe ): SECTION A
PHYS 340 ( From Atoms to the Universe ): (Tuesday, April 26th, 2011) 12.00-2.30 pm, Room Hennings 301 FINAL EXAM This exam will last 2 hrs and 30 mins. The only material allowed into the exam will be pens,
More informationLecture 2 : Early Cosmology
Lecture 2 : Early Cosmology Getting in touch with your senses Greek astronomy/cosmology The Renaissance (part 1) 8/28/13 1 Sidney Harris Discussion : What would an unaided observer deduce about the Universe?
More informationTeacher s Guide For. Core Astronomy
Teacher s Guide For Core Astronomy For grade 7 - College Program produced by Centre Communications, Inc. for Ambrose Video Publishing, Inc. Executive Producer William V. Ambrose Teacher's Guide by Ron
More informationChapter 1 The Copernican Revolution
Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution The Horse Head nebula in the Orion constellation (Reading assignment: Chapter 1) Learning Outcomes How the geocentric model accounts for the retrograde motion of planets?
More informationReview of previous concepts!! Earth s orbit: Year, seasons, observed constellations, Polaris (North star), day/night lengths, equinoxes
Review of previous concepts!! Earth s orbit: Year, seasons, observed constellations, Polaris (North star), day/night lengths, equinoxes Celestial poles, celestial equator, ecliptic, ecliptic plane (Fig
More informationPhysics 107 Ideas of Modern Physics (uw.physics.wisc.edu/~rzchowski/phy107) Goals of the course. What will we cover? How do we do this?
Physics 107 Ideas of Modern Physics (uw.physics.wisc.edu/~rzchowski/phy107) Main emphasis is Modern Physics: essentially post-1900 Why 1900? Two radical developments: Relativity & Quantum Mechanics Both
More informationEARTH SCIENCE UNIT 9 -NOTES ASTRONOMY
EARTH SCIENCE UNIT 9 -NOTES ASTRONOMY UNIT 9- ASTRONOMY 2 THE SOLAR SYSTEM I. The Solar System:. a. Celestial Body:. i. Examples:. b. MAIN COMPONENTS/MEMBERS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM: i. 1. Planets are objects
More informationPractice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009
Practice Test DeAnza College Astronomy 04 Test 1 Spring Quarter 2009 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Mark answer on Scantron.
More informationTHE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Chapter 26 THE SUN AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM CHAPTER 26 SECTION 26.1: THE SUN S SIZE, HEAT, AND STRUCTURE Objectives: What is the Sun s structure and source of energy? Key Vocabulary: Fusion Photosphere Corona
More informationHistory of Astronomy - Part I. Ancient Astronomy. Ancient Greece. Astronomy is a science that has truly taken shape only in the last couple centuries
History of Astronomy - Part I Astronomy is a science that has truly taken shape only in the last couple centuries Many advances have been made in your lifetime However, astronomical concepts and ideas
More informationSCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION VOCABULARY: SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Revolution a sweeping change Geocentric earth-centered universe Astronomer scientist who studies the motion of stars and planets Heliocentric sun-centered
More informationChapter 2. The Rise of Astronomy. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 2 The Rise of Astronomy Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Periods of Western Astronomy Western astronomy divides into 4 periods Prehistoric
More informationThe History of Astronomy. Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past
The History of Astronomy Theories, People, and Discoveries of the Past Early man recorded very little history. Left some clues in the form of petrographs. Stone drawings that show eclipses, comets, supernovae.
More informationBy; Jarrick Serdar, Michael Broberg, Trevor Grey, Cameron Kearl, Claire DeCoste, and Kristian Fors
By; Jarrick Serdar, Michael Broberg, Trevor Grey, Cameron Kearl, Claire DeCoste, and Kristian Fors What is gravity? Gravity is defined as the force of attraction by which terrestrial bodies tend to fall
More informationWas Ptolemy Pstupid?
Was Ptolemy Pstupid? Why such a silly title for today s lecture? Sometimes we tend to think that ancient astronomical ideas were stupid because today we know that they were wrong. But, while their models
More informationChapter 4: Energy, Motion, Gravity. Enter Isaac Newton, who pretty much gave birth to classical physics
Chapter 4: Energy, Motion, Gravity Enter Isaac Newton, who pretty much gave birth to classical physics Know all of Kepler s Laws well Chapter 4 Key Points Acceleration proportional to force, inverse to
More informationCopernican revolution Review
opernican revolution Review Score: 1. How long does it take a planet to orbit the sun exactly once? Sidereal period Synodic period One rotation One day 2. Which of Kepler's laws is illustrated in the diagram?
More informationHistory of Astronomy. Historical People and Theories
History of Astronomy Historical People and Theories Plato Believed he could solve everything through reasoning. Circles and Spheres are good because they are perfect (never ending) and pleasing to the
More informationPreface to Presentation
Preface to Presentation I gave a presentation last October about time travel, warp drive, travel to a Goldilocks Planet etc. to provide some possible place to escape a possible dying world I mentioned
More informationAstronomy Notes Chapter 02.notebook April 11, 2014 Pythagoras Aristotle geocentric retrograde motion epicycles deferents Aristarchus, heliocentric
Around 2500 years ago, Pythagoras began to use math to describe the world around him. Around 200 years later, Aristotle stated that the Universe is understandable and is governed by regular laws. Most
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity How do we describe motion? Precise definitions to describe motion: Speed: Rate at which object moves example: speed of
More informationPtolemy (125 A.D.) Ptolemy s Model. Ptolemy s Equant. Ptolemy s Model. Copernicus Model. Copernicus ( )
Ptolemy (125 A.D.) Designed a complete geometrical model of the universe that accurately predicted planetary motions with errors within 5 0 Most of the geometric devices and basic foundations of his model
More informationMain Themes: 7/12/2009
What were some of the major achievements of scientists during this period? Why has this period been labeled a revolution? Why was the Scientific Revolution seen as threatening by the Catholic Church? How
More informationmethod/ BELLRINGER
https://www.flocabulary.com/scientific method/ BELLRINGER USE this to fill in the top paragraph of the notes sheet I just gave you! While Europeans were exploring and colonizing the world, other Europeans
More information4.1 Describing Motion. How do we describe motion? Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different from weight? How do we describe
More informationPhysics 107 Ideas of Modern Physics. Goals of the course. How is this done? What will we cover? Where s the math?
Physics 107 Ideas of Modern Physics (uw.physics.wisc.edu/~rzchowski/phy107) Modern Physics: essentially post-1900 Why 1900? Two radical developments: Relativity & Quantum Mechanics Both changed the way
More informationGravitation and the Motion of the Planets
Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets 1 Guiding Questions 1. How did ancient astronomers explain the motions of the planets? 2. Why did Copernicus think that the Earth and the other planets go around
More informationKepler, Newton, and laws of motion
Kepler, Newton, and laws of motion First: A Little History Geocentric vs. heliocentric model for solar system (sec. 2.2-2.4)! The only history in this course is this progression: Aristotle (~350 BC) Ptolemy
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants. Sir Isaac Newton (1642 1727)
More informationFundamental Cosmology: 2.Homogeneity & Isotropy
Fundamental Cosmology: 2.Homogeneity & Isotropy When I trace at my pleasure the windings to and fro of the heavenly bodies, I no longer touch the earth with my feet: I stand in the presence of Zeus himself
More informationThe History of Astronomy. Please pick up your assigned transmitter.
The History of Astronomy Please pick up your assigned transmitter. When did mankind first become interested in the science of astronomy? 1. With the advent of modern computer technology (mid-20 th century)
More informationReview for first midterm
Review for first midterm Unregistered clickers: 90C33261 and A4B91508 Midterm: Friday at 3-5pm bring scantrons and calculators! Scientific notation the rules Move the decimal over to the left until it
More informationTwo Lectures on Physics
Two Lectures on Physics Cogne 2003 1. The Large Scale Structure of the World 2. The Small Scale Structure of the World The Large Scale Structure of the World The goal of physics is to understand the universe
More information2.4 The Birth of Modern Astronomy
2.4 The Birth of Modern Astronomy Telescope invented around 1600 Galileo built his own, made observations: Moon has mountains and valleys Sun has sunspots, and rotates Jupiter has moons (shown): Venus
More informationV. Astronomy Section
EAS 100 Planet Earth Lecture Topics Brief Outlines V. Astronomy Section 1. Introduction, Astronomical Distances, Solar System Learning objectives: Develop an understanding of Earth s position in the solar
More informationMotions of the Planets ASTR 2110 Sarazin
Motions of the Planets ASTR 2110 Sarazin Motion of Planets Retrograde Motion Inferior Planets: Mercury, Venus Always near Sun on Sky Retrograde motion when very close to Sun on sky (Every other time) Superior
More informationThe Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution Consider the following. Put them in order from most true to least true. 1. That house is on fire. 2. God exists. 3. The earth moves around the sun. 4. 2 + 2 = 4 5. Michelangelo
More informationSSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans.
SSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans. a. Explain the scientific contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler,
More informationEarth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens
Earth Science, 13e Tarbuck & Lutgens Origins of Modern Astronomy Earth Science, 13e Chapter 21 Stanley C. Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Early history of astronomy Ancient Greeks Used philosophical
More informationHow do we describe motion?
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different
More informationGravitation. Adrian Ferent. This is a new quantum gravity theory which breaks the wall of Planck scale. Abstract
Gravitation Adrian Ferent This is a new quantum gravity theory which breaks the wall of Planck scale. My Nobel Prize Idea Abstract The Photon Graviton pair (coupled) has the same speed and frequency, and
More informationAP Physics-B Universal Gravitation Introduction: Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion: Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation: Performance Objectives:
AP Physics-B Universal Gravitation Introduction: Astronomy is the oldest science. Practical needs and imagination acted together to give astronomy an early importance. For thousands of years, the motions
More informationN = R * f p n e f l f i f c L
This Class (Lecture 30): Evolution of the World View Next Class: Lifetime Astronomy 230 Section 1 MWF 1400-1450 106 B1 Eng Hall Presentations on Nov 10 th! Brad Rockwell Sean Boyer Patrick Sawica Outline
More informationChapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 4 Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity 1 4.1 Describing Motion: Examples from Everyday Life Our goals for learning: How do we describe motion? How is mass different
More informationSimply Einstein A Mini-Course in Relativity
Simply Einstein A Mini-Course in Relativity Rich Wolfson Prof of Physics Middlebury College Scientific American Travel Bright Horizons 32 July-August 2017 Simply Einstein A Mini-Course in Relativity Rich
More informationEvidence that the Earth does not move: Greek Astronomy. Aristotelian Cosmology: Motions of the Planets. Ptolemy s Geocentric Model 2-1
Greek Astronomy Aristotelian Cosmology: Evidence that the Earth does not move: 1. Stars do not exhibit parallax: 2-1 At the center of the universe is the Earth: Changeable and imperfect. Above the Earth
More informationD. A system of assumptions and principles applicable to a wide range of phenomena that has been repeatedly verified
ASTRONOMY 1 EXAM 1 Name Identify Terms - Matching (20 @ 1 point each = 20 pts.) 1 Solar System G 7. aphelion N 14. eccentricity M 2. Planet E 8. apparent visual magnitude R 15. empirical Q 3. Star P 9.
More informationContents: -Information/Research Packet. - Jumbled Image packet. - Comic book cover page. -Comic book pages. -Example finished comic
Contents: -Information/Research Packet - Jumbled Image packet - Comic book cover page -Comic book pages -Example finished comic Nicolaus Copernicus Nicholas Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who lived
More informationToday. Planetary Motion. Tycho Brahe s Observations. Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion. Laws of Motion. in physics
Planetary Motion Today Tycho Brahe s Observations Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion Laws of Motion in physics Page from 1640 text in the KSL rare book collection That the Earth may be a Planet the seeming
More informationASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani
The Copernican Revolution ASTR 1010 Spring 2016 Study Notes Dr. Magnani The Copernican Revolution is basically how the West intellectually transitioned from the Ptolemaic geocentric model of the Universe
More informationASTRONOMY LECTURE NOTES MIDTERM REVIEW. ASTRONOMY LECTURE NOTES Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens
ASTRONOMY LECTURE NOTES MIDTERM REVIEW ASTRONOMY LECTURE NOTES Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens How Do We Locate Objects in the Sky? Local-Sky Coordinates versus Celestial-Sphere Coordinates When the sky
More informationA tour along the road to modern science
A tour along the road to modern science What are the hallmarks of science? What is the scientific method? What is a scientific paradigm shift? Here, we use historical perspective to learn that science
More informationEarly Models of the Universe. How we explained those big shiny lights in the sky
Early Models of the Universe How we explained those big shiny lights in the sky The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384 322 BCE) believed that the Earth was the center of our universe, and everything rotated
More informationNewton s Laws and the Nature of Matter
Newton s Laws and the Nature of Matter The Nature of Matter Democritus (c. 470-380 BCE) posited that matter was composed of atoms Atoms: particles that can not be further subdivided 4 kinds of atoms: earth,
More information