OyZ, 2018, A H$ 6, n îr>o n ð>o "ZmZXmZO Z' Mr. df} Eò±{ÉxÉÉ EòhÉÉ{É úò. ÉÀÉÆb ÉSÉÉ Éänù Eò úò.

Transcription

1 OyZ, 2018, A H$ 6, n îr>o n ð>o "ZmZXmZO Z' Mr df} Eò±{ÉxÉÉ EòhÉÉ{É úò. ÉÀÉÆb ÉSÉÉ Éänù Eò úò.

2 gd àw joìr nmubmoq> {dh$mg VgoM dzrh$au, eovvio, JmdVio, bhmz Vbmd, nmpavbmd m gdmªmr m{bh$m V ma Pmë mz VaM mor>çm YaUm Mo {Z mooz H$aUo {hvmdh R>aob. - ^dabmb O Z ( wabob bmoum - nmz. 90) (2)

3 AÜ jr AemoH$ O Z AÜ j, O Z B[aJoeZ {gpñq>åñm {b. Amnbr {ddoh$mmr gëh $Vr g mombm AmZ X Va XoVoM nu dgw YaooMo gm X hr dmt>{dvo. ZmV gë {Zð>m dmt>{dvo. gë åhuoo Ho$di Iao ~mobuo Zìho. gë åhuoo {dmmama Vr {Z m U Pmbobr nyu OmUrd. gë åhuoo {ddoh${zð> AmMaUerb AZw^d. hm AZw^d OrdZ yë {Z m U H$aVmo. Ë mmm AmXe BVam nwt>o R>odÊ mg Ë mbm w^m AgVo. g mo{hvmmo OmUdbobo ~ro gë mv AgVo. OrdZmVbr gë o gm m{oh$ yë o {Z m U H$aVmV. Amnë m doxzm Zm Omo Iè m AWm Zo g OyZ KoD$Z Amnbogo mzvmo Am{U Ë mvyz {dym H$ mj H$mT>Vmo, Vmo gë {Zð> AgVmo. Agm gë {Zð> muyg hm dgw YaoMm IamIwam nwomar AgVmo. AmVë m AmdmOmer Vmo àm m{uh$ AgVmo. Aer gë {Zð>Vm C^r H$aUo ho Amnbo Ü o Agbo nm{hoo. H $~a H$gy m dgw YaoÀ m g dy ZmgmR>r... OyZ {hý mv OmJ{VH$ dgw Yam {XZ g nþ Pmbm. dfm Vbm EH$ {Xdg dgw YaoMo àm S> H$m VwH$ Pmbo. mor> mor>çm Om{hamVr AmnU gdmªzr dv mznìmv, à{gõr mü mv, Bbo³Q >m {ZH$ { S>r mda nm{hë m. gmoeb { S>r mvyzhr ew^oàn>m g Xoem Mm nmd$g ns>bm. AmVm nwt>mo 364 {Xdg H$m H$am Mo? AmnU Amnë m Zmer mmo CÎma Úm Mo Amho. Amnë mbm Oer O ob Ë m nõvrzo àë oh$mzo dgw Yam gm ^mim Mr Amho. {VMm Zme dm ZwH$gmZ hmod$ Úm Mo Zmhr m ^y{ Ho$VyZ àë oh$ ì º$sZo C^o amhê mmr JaO Amho. n m dau, {ZgJ hm Amnbm nmbh$ Amho. Ë m Ë m F$VwVbr g ï>r hm Va g V kmzxodm Zr {dídmë H$ Xod mzbm Amho. {ZgJ Ogm Agob Vgo AmnU amhrbo nm{hoo. Am Mo ds>rb åhuoo mor>o ^md$ Zoh r åhum Mo, "hr ^y r Oer Amnë mbm { imbr Amho Ë mnojm gw Xa H$ê$Z r gmos>rz' m {ZYm amzo Vwåhr H$m H$arV am[hbo nmhroo. Ago H$m AmnU H$aVmo H$m? hm àíz Á mmm Ë mzo Amnë m Zmbm {dmmamdm. Amnbo Z, AmVbm AmdmO Amnë mer Ia ~mobv AgVmo. Zmer Ho$bobm hm g dmx nwt>à m àjvrmr d {XeoMr dmq> XmI{dV AgVmo. Vmo Amnë mbm {ZË ZyVZ àdmhr H$aV AgVmo. mugmà m d Îmr {ZgJm VyZ KS>VmV. muyg {ZgJm er qhgh$ dmjbm Va {ZgJ Hw$ê$n hmovmo. nu Vmo Oa g OyZ O~m~XmarZo dmjbm Va {ZgJ gw Xa hmovmo. njr {ZgJ gm ^mivmv. àmur {ZgJm bm OnVmV. muyg gmos>ë mg g ï>rvbm H$moUVmhr Ord {ZgJm À m {dê$õ OmV Zmhr. muyg hm Agm EH$ od àmur Amho Omo ñdv:à m gwimgmr>r {ZgJm da àm S> AmH«$ U H$aVmo, AË mmma H$aVmo Am{U {VMr hmzrhr H$aVmo. {ZgJm bm g n{duo åhuoo mzd OmVrbm g n{duo ho mzdmà m bjmv ov Zmhr. {ZgJ H$mhr m Xon ªV em V amhvmo. gmam AÝ m wh$mq>çmzo gmogvmo. nu EImÚm {Xder Agø Pmbo H$s, nya, dmxi, ^yh $n, gwzm r, T>J w$q>r, S>m Ja d H$S>o H$mogiUo, ^yñgibz hmouo, àm S> Vmn mz dmt>uo, Cî mkmv hmouo, XþîH$m i ns>uo m d mgma» m AZoH$ Jmoï>t YyZ Vmo dmnm KoVmo Am{U jumym V gjù m Mo gmv~mao dmhÿz ZoVmo. hmoë mmo ZìhVo H$ê$Z Q>mH$Vmo. J Amnë mbm H$iVo {ZgJ {H$Vr loð> Amho. Ë mmr VmH$X {H$Vr mor>r Amho. nu Vmon ªV doi {ZKyZ Jobobr AgVo. AmnU mor>çm à mumda O JbVmoS> Ho$br. S>m Ja ~mos>ho$ Ho$bo. ~m YmdaMr mor> mor>r PmS>o Zï> Ho$br. dmxi dmam AS>dm bmhr PmS>o {e H$ R>odbr ZmhrV. Ë m wio gjù m Ho$irÀ m ~mjm CX²ÜdñV Pmë m. Xadfu E{àb- o {hý mv AdH$mir nmd$g ns>vmo. Jmam ns>vmv. dmxi ovo. eovh$è m Mo mor>o ZwH$gmZ hmovo. ho ZwH$gmZ H$go amoim Mo Am{U m Z g{j H$ g H$Q>m Mm gm Zm à^mdrnuo H$gm H$am Mm hm AmO àë oh$mg moa àíz Amho. m àízmmr gmos>duyh$ H$aÊ mgmr>r Amnë m gdmªzm gm wxm{ H$nUo d ì {º$e:hr H$m H$amdo bmjob. EHo$H$Q>çmZo H$m H$ê$Z àíz gwq>uma Zmhr. gm wxm{ H$ H$m mmo åhuyz EH$ gm Ï AgVo. Vo AmoiIyZ AmnU Ë m nõvrzo EH$ oh$m À m Im Úmbm Im Xm bmdyz, mor>çm {dídmgmzo H$m Ho$bo nm{hoo. Amnbo mz amv~, amoh$s OmoS>o, OmV-nmV, AmnmngmVrb V^oX ~moybm R>odyZ hr dgw Yam, hm {ZgJ, ho n m dau, hr ^y r, ho d j, m ZÚm, Ë mvrb Ob ho Am À m gjù m Mo Amho Am{U Ë m Mo H$mQ>oH$moanUo aju d g dy Z H$aUo ho Am Mo H$V ì Amho m ^y{ Ho$VyZ AmnU gjù m Zr A J PmSy>Z C^o amhê mmr JaO Amho. m H$m mbm AmVm AmnU gmao OU bmjy m. Cera Pmbobm Agbm Var AOyZhr doi Jobobr Zmhr ho bjmv R>odyZ dgw YaoÀ m g dy ZmgmR>r H $~a H$gy m! (3) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

4 g nmxh$s` S>m. gwyra ^m Jio Ia Va Amnbo Z wimvm I ~ra Am{U AmZ Xr Amho. ZmMm AmZ X ZmZo OnyZ Ë mvyz gh«$s àjvr H$am Mr, ho VËd muyg {dgavmo {Z XohmVë m {dh $VtZm d g H$Q>m Zm Jm OaV ~gvmo. à{vhy$b n[apñwvrda mv H$ê$Z ZmoYmaUm Cƒ nmvirda H$em àh$mao ZoVm ovmv, Vo Amnë m g VmZr d AZoH$ Wmoam mor>çm ì º$s Zr gmoxmhau nq>dyz {Xbo Amho. Ë mmm Aä mg Z H$aVm àjvrà m ZmdmImbr Z {dh $VrV OmVo. Zì m Zì m ^mojm Zr Zì m Zì m amojm Zm Am ÌU XoVo. Zmnmer Agboë m gm Ï m Mm ZrQ> Cn moj H$ê$Z KoVm ov Zmhr. Ë m wio g H$Q>m Zr muyg IMVmo. dmñv{dh$ ZmZo {ZíM d {ZYm a H$obm Va H$moUVohr g H$Q> mor>o ZgVo. Ë mda I ~ranuo mv H$aÊ mmm {ZYm a d g H$ën mor>m ~bembr Agmdm bmjvmo. àm m{uh$ {Zð>m d àia Ü o dmx mvyzm ho gm Ï àmá hmod$ eh$vo. dmxidmè mzo Ho$irMo ns>bo ~mj Z g{j H$ g H$Q>m Mo Aä mgnyd H$ nydm Zw mz H$éZ Ë mg ~ YrMm AMyH$ A XmO ì º$ H$aUo ho emó àjv Xoem Ü o mor>çm à mumda {dh$grv Pmbo Amho. Ë m wio Zwî d {OdrV hmzr Q>miUohr AZoH$Xm e³ hmod$ eh$bo Amho. na Vw ñwm{zh$ nmvirda Adoir d AMmZH$ CX²^dUmar nya, dmxio, JmanrQ>, Q>moiYmS>, dmdq>ir m gma» m g H$Q>m Mo ñdén ~è mmxm bhmz Agbo Var mb ÎmoMo ZwH$gmZ H$aUmao AgVo Am{U Ë mmo nydm Zw mz H$éZ ^mh$sv ì º$ H$aVm ov Zmhr. hr g ñ m H$er gmos>dm Mr Agm àíz hmamï >mà m H$mhr ^mjmv (CXm. ImÝXoe, ~wèhmznwa, amr>dms>m) Pmboë m MH«$s dmxim wio AmVm gah$ma, eovh$ar Am{U g ~ {YVm nwt>o C^m am{hbm Amho. dmñv{dh$ Z F$Ë mog r nmd$g OyZ {hý mv oê mà m AJmoXa E{àb- o {hý mv ~è mmxm qh$~hþzm Xadfu AdH$mir nmd$g hmovmo. Ë mbm 'W S>a em da' Ago åhuvmv. mýgyzà m AJmoXa ho dmxir ok, dmao ovmv. mog r nmdgmà m AmYr AmÐ Vm ( m B íma) nwt>o gah$v amhvo. o {hý mv CîUVm dmt>vo. nmê mmo mor>çm à mumda dmînr^dzhr hmovo. Ë mvyz W S>a em da V ma hmovmv. drom ns>vmv, Jmam ns>vmv. OmoamMm nmd$g ns>vmo. Jmob Jmob { $aumar dmxio V ma hmovmv. m W S>a em damo Am wî EH$ Vo XmoZ Vmgm MoM AgVo. Ë mmo AJmoXa AZw mz H$aVm ov Zmhr Am{U Ë mg ~Yr H$moUVmhr Bemam XoVm ov Zmhr. ñwm{zh$ nmvirdam hr W S>a em da V ma hmovmv Am{U {VWoM Ë m Mm A V hmovmo. m H$mimV Vmer 50 Vo 60 {H$. r. m dojmzo dmao dmhvmv. W S>a em da g nbo H$s AmH$me {Za^«hmoVo. OmJ{VH$ hdm mzmv hmov Agbobo ~Xb Am{U ñwm{zh$ hdm mzmv hmov Agbobo ~Xb m Mm AWm AWu g ~ Y bmduo H${R>U Amho. OmJ{VH$ hdm mzmv ~Xb hmovmhov åhuyz ñwm{zh$ nmvirda MH«$s dmxio V ma hmovmv Ago åhuê mbm AmO Var H$mhrhr AmYma Zmhr Ago IwÔ nmur hom OrdZ (4)

5 hdm mz emókhr H$~yb H$aVmhoV. Ë m wio ñwm{zh$ nmvirdarb m MH«$s dmxim Mm gm Zm H$gm H$am Mm mgmr>r EH$ ì yhamzm Va eovh$è m Zm H$amdrM bmjob nu nrho$ KoÊ mà m nõvr d H$mbmdYrVhr ~Xb H$amdm bmjob Ago {XgVo Amho. àm w» mzo Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Zm hm {ZU VmVS>rZo mdm bmjuma Amho. H$maU Xadfu hmamï >mà m H$moUË m Zm H$moUË m ^mjmv E{àb, o Ü o hr MH«$sdmXio hmovmv Am{U Ho$irÀ m ~mjm nsy>z eovh$è m Mo mor>o ZwH$gmZ hmovo. Vo Q>miÊ mgmr>r OyZ {hý mvm bmjds> H$aÊ mmm ~è mm eovh$è m Mm Omo AÅ>mhmg AgVmo, à ËZ AgVmo Ë mv ~Xb H$éZ o$~«wdmar- mm Ü o bmjds> H$aUo e³ Amho H$m Agm {dmma Ho$bm nm{hoo. Ho$ir bmjds>rgmr>r AJmoXa nmê mmr emídvr bmjvo. {R>~H$ g MmÛmao {^O{dVm ob b EdT>o Var nmur eovh$è modi E{àb- o {hý mv CnbãY Agbo nm{hoo. mm Z Va CÝhmim dmt>v OmVmo. OgOgm CÝhmim dmt>vmo VgVer Ho$irÀ m {nh$mmr nmê mmr JaO dmt>vo. mm Ü o bmju Ho$bobr Ho$ir {hý mv åhuoo OmZodmar o$~«wdmarvm H$mnm bm ovrb. m H$mimV dmxim Mm YmoH$m ZgVmo qh$dm H$ r AgVmo. dmxim wiom ZwH$gmZ hmob b Ago gm JVm ov Zmhr. H$moUVohr Z g{j H$ g H$Q> {nh$mmo ZwH$gmZ H$é eh$vo. Ë m g H$Q>m Mm g W nuo wh$m~bm H$aÊ mmr V mar eovh$è mzo H$mhr Jmoï>r J hrv YéZ AJmoXa nmgyzm Ho$br nm{hoo. g H$Q>o H$Yr EHo$H$Q>r ov ZmhrV Ago Zoh r åhq>bo OmVo. EH$mM doir AZoH$ g H$Q>o Ambr Var Ë m Mm gm Zm H$aÊ mmr mz{gh$vm d Ë mgmr>r àë j eovmda bmjumar gwg m ÌUm AJmoXaM C^mabobr Agbr nm{hoo. VhmZ bmjë mda {dhra IUVmo m Ý m mzo hr ÌUm C^maVm ouma Zmhr. eovh$è mzo gwõm m AmYw{ZH$ d hm Q>oH$ eovrh$s>o EH$ CÚmoJY Xm, ì dgm m Ñï>rZo nm{hbo nm{hoo. AmYw{ZH$ eovr, $i~mjm, J«rZhmD$g d nm {bhmd$g Ybr eovr hr Oer Cƒ V ÌkmZmZo ^mabobr Amho Ë mm doir Ë mgmr>r mor>r ^m S>dbr J w VdUyH$hr bmjuma Amho mmo ^mz Agbo nm{hoo. ~è mm eovh$è m Zm Jw VdUyH$ $maer ZH$mo AgVo. Vr H$aÊ mmr Ë m Mr mz{gh$vm ZgVo. nu Zâ mmo à mu A{YH$ hdo. H$ r J wvduyh$rvyz OmñV navmdm { imdm Aem àh$mamr Anojm AgVo. hr Anojm bm Q>ar bmjê mgmaio Amho. EImÚm doir H$Xm[MV Aer bm Q>ar bmjobhr nu àë oh$ doir d Xadfu Vgo KS>obM Ago N>mVrR>moH$nUo Hw$Ur gm Jy eh$v Zmhr. åhuyz dmb Q>mV dmb Q> H$m KSy> eh$vo mmm {dmma H$éZ Ë mmm gm Zm H$aUmar ÌUm ì {º$JV qh$dm gm wxm{ H$[aË m C^r H$aÊ mmm à ËZ eovh$è m Zm H$amdm bmjob. AmVm ì {º$JV eovh$è mzo H$m H$aUo Ano{jV Amho mmr MMm àw H$é. (5) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

6 eovh$è mzo ì {º$JV H$amd mà m Jmoï>r mm Ybr bmjds> dmt>dm Ho$irMr gjir bmjds> OyZ {hý mvm H$aÊ mnojm Q>ßß mq>ßß mzo bmjds> H$amdr. e³ Vmo mm -E{àb Ü om VwQy>Z OmVrb m nõvrzo Ho$ir bmjds> H$amdr. o-oyz Ü om H$mnm bm ob b Aer bmjds WmoS>rM Agmdr. gmymaunuo 15 Am ³Q>mo~abm Amnbm nmdgmim g nvmo. Ë mdoir nmê mmr Zo H$s {H$Vr CnbãYVm Amho Am{U ^{dî H$mimV nmur {H$Vr [Q>Hy$ eho$b mmm mjrb AZw^d bjm V KoD$Z Ë mmr Amnë m JaOoer gm JS> Kmbm bm hdr. e³ Vmo gjir Ho$ir bmjds> hr {R>~H$daM Agbr nm{hoo. eodq>n ªV {R>~H$Zo nmur XoVm ob b EdT>r V mar Ho$br nm{hoo. J Ë mgmr>r EImXo eovvio V ma H$amdo bmjbo Var Vo Ho$bo nm{hoo. Ë mbm gah$mamo AZwXmZ { ivo H$s Zmhr mmr dmq> nmhmv ~gy Z o. { imbo Va ^m½ dmz AmhmoV; Zmhr { imbo Va Amnë m ñdh$ï>mdam ~mj C^r amhmdr Aer na oídammr BÀN>m Amho Ago g OyZ H$m mv ì ñv amhmdo. AZwXmZmgmR>r gah$mar H$m m b m Mo C ~ao amoo {PO{dÊ mnojm Amnbo nm IV {ZË Zo mzo ~mjobm XoV amhmdo. Ho$irMr amono, PmS>o, w$bo, nmzo, {nb m gord AgVmV. Ë m Amnë mer amoo H$mhr Zm H$mhr ~mobv AgVmV. Ë m À mer g dmx H$aÊ mmo gm Ï eovh$è mzo Amnë m Ü o {Z m U Ho$bo nm{hoo. C bu Am{U w$bu mv ~a M A Va AgVo. C bu AmYr AgV, w$bu Ë mz Va AgVo. g dmxmmr n{hbr gwédmv Á mbm AmnU C bu åhuvmo Vr PmS>o, w$bo, nmzo m À mnmgyzm hmovo. hr PmS> amoo Zdr H$mhr Var Jmoï> Amnë mbm gm JV AgVmV. Vr ì dpñwvnuo EoHy$Z VXZ Va eovh$è mzo H $Vr H$am Mr AgVo. w$bboë m g dmxmmr g már H $VrZoM hmov AgVo. hr H $Vr AMyH$ hmoê mgmr>r g dmxmv Ord AmoVmdm bmjvmo. hm g dmx Zmbm C^mar XoVmo Am{U Zdo H$mhr H$am bm ^mj nms>vmo. ho ZdonU hom eovh$è mbm µ emmo {eia XmIdy eh$vo mmr n $s IyUJmR> AmnU Zmer ~m Ybr nm{hoo. Zì m VS> o$z ~mj C^maÊ mmo ñdßz PmS>mbm bjs>bobo mor> mor>çm dozmmo Ho$irMo KS>. AmVm AmR>-n Yam {XdgmV KS> VwQy>Z OmVrb. n go KamV ovrb m AmeoZo amoo ~mjomr {ZJamUr eovh$è mzo Mmb{dbobr. mor>r AmemXm H$ ñdßzo nmhÿz Vr Cëhm{gV ZmZo Hw$admibobr. nu {Z VrÀ m ZmV dojiom H$mhr XS>bob. jumym V {VZo ñdßzm Mm M $mmya Ho$bm. Vmgm-XmoZ VmgmÀ m dmxir dmè mzo gjir ~mj AmS>dr Ho$br. Ho$irÀ m KS>m gh$q> PmS>o CÝ iyz ns>br. eovh$è mà m S>moù mg moa JS>X A Y:H$ma XmQy>Z Ambm. S>moù mvyz Aly Mm hmnya dm{hbm. hr Ho$ir ~mj hm OJÊ mmm AmYma hmovm. Vr OJÊ mmr n ð>^y r hmovr. dmq>mmbrbm M VÝ mmm Jm^m VodV R>odUo åhuoo AmYma. hr ~mj ho EH$ M VÝ hmovo. VoM bmon nmdbo. Aly Zr ZmÀ m Xþ:Imbm moh$ir dmq> H$éZ {Xbr. Xþ:I gmogê mmr VmH$X {Xbr. ^mdzomm ~m Y AZmda hmod$z w$q>bm åhuo eãx Aeº$ hmovmo. {VWo Aly geº$ hmovmo. Aly wiom muyg {Od V Amho. eovh$è m Zr ~mj AmS>dr Pmbobr nmhÿz Amnë m OwÝ m ñdßzm Zm {dam {Xbm Am{U Zì mzo nwýhm VS> o$zo ~mj C^r H$aÊ mmo Zdo ñdßz nm{hbo Amho. ñdßz åhuoo ^mdr gymzm Mo gmozoar X d. ñdßz åhuoo Zmbm gw Xa {dmmam Mr {Z AmMmam Mr C^mar XoUmao Ka. ñdßz åhuoo {jvro H$doV KoÊ mmr {H«$ më H$ Pon. Zdo H$mhr C^maÊ mv ñdßzm Mm dmq>m mor>m AgVmo. Ho$ir CËnmXH$ eovh$è m Zrhr AmVm dmxidmè mgmaim g H$Q>m Mm à^mdrnuo gm Zm H$é eho$b Aem nõvrmm d V ÌmMm dmna Ho$bobr ~mj C^r H$aÊ mà m Ñï>rZo Pon KoVbr nm{hoo. hr Pon Oar A YmamV mabobr CS>r Agbr Var Vr {ZpíMV eñdr hmob b Agm ÑT>{dídmg ZmV ~mijbm nm{hoo. nmur hom OrdZ (6)

7 H $XmMr bmjds> H$ r H$am OiJmd {OëømVrb Ho$irMo joì ho gmymaunuo 45 Vo 52 homa ho³q>aà m Amgnmg amhvo. Ho$irMr {Q>í yh$ëmamr amono bmdê mmm $m Xm d hëd Á m eovh$è m À m bjm V Ambo Amho Vo H $XmMr bmjds> H$arV ZmhrV. H$mhr eovh$ar n go dmm{dê mà m CÔoemZo {Q>í yh$ëmamr amono Z bmdvm w$h$q>mv qh$dm Zm mì qh$ VrV {OWyZ H $X { ivrb Vo KoD$Z bmdvmv. mm {hý mn ªV ho Ho$irMo H $X n³d Pmbobo ZgVmV Am{U Vo OyZ {hý mv mor>çm à mumda bmjds>rgmr>r CnbãY hmovmv. Ë m wio AZoH$ eovh$ar H $X bmduo ng V H$aVmV. OiJmd {OëømV Odinmg 19 Vo 21 H$moQ>r H $X Xadfu bmjvmv. gd gmymaunuo H $XmMr bmjds> eovh$ar 5 ~m 5 w$q>mda H$aVmV. 6 ~m 5 da $maer bmjds> hmov Zmhr. Ë m wio H $X OmñV bmjvmv. Ho$di H $X OyZÀ m AJmoXa n³d hmov ZmhrV d CnbãYhr hmov ZmhrV åhuyz OyZ Ü o Ho$ir bmjds> H$aÊ mmm H$m H«$ BÀN>m d A{ZÀN>oZo H$m hmob Zm nu am~dmdm bmjvmo. wimv eovh$è mzo AmVm H $X bmdê mmm {dmma gmosy>z {Xbm nm{hoo. e³ Vmo {Q>í yh$ëmamr ZdrZ amonom bmdbr nm{hoov. H$mhr eovh$ar {Q>í yh$ëma amonm MoM H $X bmdvmv. nu H $XmnmgyZMr bmjds> Am{U amonm Mr bmjds> m À m CËnmXZmV $ah$ {ZpíMV ns>vmo. hm $ah$ 15 Vo 20 Q> o$ EdT>m AgVmo. åhuoo {Q>í y H $Xm Mr ~mj 70 Vo 75 Q> $o$ H$mnUrbm ovo Va {Q>í yamonm Mr ~mj 95 Q> $o$h$mnurbm ovo. gmym H $X bmdbm Va $º$ 65 Q> $o$ PmS>o H$mnUrbm ovmv. 35 Q> $o$ PmS>o dm P amhvmv. H $XmMr {ZdS> hmhr $ma hëdmmm ^mj Amho. bmjds>rmm H $X hm gmymaunuo 750 J«Mm hdm. nu H $XmMo AmH$ma H$ r OmñV hmovmv. Vo EH$gmaIo ZgVmV. H$mhr H $X {H$bmo-XrS> {H$bmoMo Va H$mhr J«Mohr AgVmV. mvyz EH$gmaIo 750 J«Mo H $X {ZdSy>Z bmdmdo bmjvmv. na Vw eovh$ar gagh$q> H $X bmdvmo. H $X {dh$umaohr gagh$q> {dh$vmv. {ZdSy>Z XoV ZmhrV. n[aum r mor>çm H $XmMr dou bdh$a hmod$z Ë mbm N>moQ>m KS> bmjvmo. 300 Vo 500 J«Mo H $X Oo Iyn bhmz AgVmV (Á mbm AmnU Amê$ åhuvmo) Vo H$mnUrbm m bm Iyn doi bmjvmo. 750 J«Mm H $X Omo OyZ Ü o bmdvmv Vmo 5 Vo 6 é. { ivmo. m H $XmMr ~mj 75 Vo 80 Q> o$ H$mnUrbm ovo. {Q>í yh$ëma amonmà m ~mjomo hmd}ñq>tj ho 95 Q>³³ m À m Amgnmg AgVo. H $X Am{U amono bmjds> mv EH$ar 5 Vo 6 homamà m IMm Mm $ah$ ns>vmo. na Vw {Q>í yh$ëma amonmà m ~mjonmgyz { iumao CËnÞ ho $ma mor>o AgVo. Ë m VwbZoV Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Mo ZwH$gmZ gm H$mir Mma dmovm gwé Pmbobm AdH$mir nmd$g AÜ m VmgmV gms>ommabm Wm ~bm. mm H$mimV dmè mzo dmhê mmm Omo doj nh$s>bm Vmo BVH$m àm S> hmovm H$s $º$ 5 Vo 7 { {ZQ>o dmam Á m JVrZo dm{hbm Ë m wio mor> mor>o d j H$mob S>bo. Vmam ns>ë m. KamdaMo nìo CSy>Z Jobo. Om{hamVrMo ~mos> dmh$s>o{vh$s>o hmod$z AñVmì ñv Pmbo. dmè mà m mjm V Oo Oo Ambo Vo Vo ^wb gnmq> Pmbo. PmS>o JmS> m da ns>br. JmS>çm Monë m. Ho$irÀ m ~mjm AmS>ì m Pmonë m. Iw Q> O{ ZrnmgyZ dojio Pmbo. AZoH$ eovh$è m Mr Ho$irMr H$mnUr Mmby hmovr. ~momamv Ho$irbm Mm Jbm ^md hmovm. mdb, amdoa, wº$mb ZJa Am{U MmonS>m, ~èhmunya m Vmbw³ mvrb ^moh$ar, {H$amS>m, A{hadmS>r, H$aOmoV, dmkmoq>, ImZmnya, AOZmS>, H$aH$s, ~obgdms>r, A Vwbu, nmvm S>r, ZmMUIoS>m m d m gma» m AZoH$ JmdmVrb Ho$ir ~mjm VXma eovh$ar m dmximzo CÜdñV Pmbm Amho. ho ZwH$gmZ H$go ^éz H$mT>m Mo Am{U nwýhm O~wVrMo H$go C^o amhm Mo? hmm àím Ë mà mnwt>o Am dmgyz C^m Amho. Xadfu AgmM Adoir nmd$g d dmxio ov am{hbr Va H$m H$am Mo? m {dmmamzo gü m Ë mbm Koabo Amho. ns>boë m Ho$irMr JwUdËVm Iam~ Pmë m wio ^mdhr XmoZeo Vo VrZeo ê$n mzo H$mogibo AgyZ hr Ho$ir IaoXr H$am bm ì mnmarhr $mago nwt>o ov ZmhrV. (7) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

8 amonm Mm IM ZJʵ AgVmo. AmYw{ZH$ eovr H$aÊ mmr BÀN>m ~mijumè m eovh$è mzo XmV H$moéZ nmoq> ^aê mmm à ËZ H$é Z o. JwUdÎmmnyU CËnmXZmgmR>r Omo AË mdí H$ IM Amho Vmo H$aÊ mmr mz{gh$vm Mm Jë m eovh$è m Zr H$m ~mijbr nm{hoo. {nb~mj R>odUo $m ÚmMo mv AmUIrZ EH$ wôm {nb~mj R>odÊ mg ~ YrMm Amho. Ho$irMm ImoS>dm R>odÊ mmo à mu OiJmd, ~wèhmznwa Ü o 40 Q>³³ m da Ambo Amho. CËnmXZ IM H$ r ov Agë mzo {nb~mj KoUo $m ÚmMo Amho. Zm JaQ>r, diaq>r, VU ì dñwmnz, IVo d EH $XarVM IM H$ r hmov Agë m wio aqy>z ~mjonmgyz eovh$è mbm { iumam {Zìdi Z $m hm OmñVrMm amhvmo. na Vw Ë mgmr>r ~mjomo ì dñwmnz CÎm [avrzo H$amdo bmjvo. m ì dñwmnzmv H$ r OmñVnUm Pmbm, Xþb j Pmbo Va mbmmr JwU dîmm TmgiVo. ì mnmar mbmmr JwUdËVm Xa XoV AgVmo. H$ r JwUdÎmoÀ m mbmbm ì mnmar H$YrM OmñVrMm Xa XoV ZmhrV. hr {nb~mjomr H$mnUr mm {hý mv hmovo. åhuoo Z g{j H$ g H$Q>mÀ m VS>m» mvyz Vr dmmy eh$vo. Á m eovh$è m Mo ì dñwmnz Mm Jbo H$aÊ mmr V mar Amho Ë m Zr {nb~mj (ImoS>dm) R>odm bm hah$v Zmhr. H$moñQ>m[aH$m Ü o 25 dfmªmo Ho$irMo ImoS>do AmhoV. Amnë mh$s>o nmm dfmªà m nwt>mr ImoS>ì mmr ~mj Zmhr. H$ï>, emó µam{u V Ì m Mm {ÌdoUr g J {OWo gmyvmo {VWoM H$moñQ>m Ho$ir ~mj C^r amhÿ eh$vo. mñï>rzo Amnë m Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Zrhr {dmma H$am bm hdm. ~m Ymda mor>r PmS>o dmt>dm AmOH$mb eovh$ar eovmbm ~moyzo mor>o ~m Y R>odV Zmhr. Vo H$moê$Z H$moê$Z ~marh$ H$aVmo. m ~m Ym da mor>r PmS>o bmdv Zmhr. Or PmS>o nydu dms>d{s>bm Zr bmdbr hmovr Vr AmVm VwQ>V Ambr AmhoV. H$mhr eovh$è m Zr {nh$m da gmdbr ns>vo, {nh$mmr ZrQ> dmt> hmov Zmhr, {VWo nmur gmmyz amhvo mgmair {Za{Zamir H$maUo gm JyZ mor>r PmS>o VmoSy>Z Q>mH$br AmhoV. Ë m wio dmè mbm à{v~ Y hmob b Aer PmS>oM ~m Ymda ZmhrV. Ë m wio dmè mbm n«{v~ Y hmob b Aer PmS>oM eovmà m ~m Ymda ZmhrV. H$m ñdénr d XrK H$mi {Q>H$Umar Am{U C M dmt>umar mor>r PmS>oM ~m Ymda ~m^irmo Hw $nu OJm Ü o 450 àh$maà m ~m^irmr PmS>o AmT>iVmV. muyg hm ~m^irmm H$m amjamj H$aVmo. H$maU Ë mbm H$mQ>o AgVmV. H$mQ>m Q>moMbob mugmbm AmdS>V Zmhr. na Vw m ~m^irnmgyz Omo ImÊ mmm qs>h$ { ivmo Vmo mì gjù m Zm hdm hdmgm dmq>vmo. AmVm eham Yë m gd { R>mB À m XþH$mZmVyZ df ^a qs>h$mmm bmsy> {dh«$sgmr>r CnbãY AgVmo. hm qs>h$ Á m ~m^irà m PmS>mnmgyZ { ivmo Vr C M gai dmt>umar ~m^i XmQ> bmdbr Va {VMm Ho$irÀ m ~mjobm Hw $nu åhuyz Mm Jbm Cn moj hmod$ eh$vmo. ~m^irmo PmS> Hw$R>ohr, H$gohr Y m Zo C^o amhvo. mvr Am{U nmur Vo Yê$Z R>odVo. Ë mmo bmjds> Iyn Q>UH$ AgVo. åhuyz ~è mmxm B YZmgmR>r XoIrb dimadmbo ~m^yim dmnavmv. gwxmz XoemZo Va ~m^irda ~aom g emoyz H$ê$Z qs>h$ XoUmè m Mm Jë m OmVr emoyyz H$mT>ë m AmhoV d Ë mm "J Aao{~H$m' m ZmdmZo mor>o O Jb C^o Ho$bo Amho. Á m O{ ZrV H$moUVohr nrh$ ov ZìhVo Ë m O{ Zrda ho ~m^irmo O Jb C^o H$ê$Z OJmMr qs>h$mmr mor>r JaO gwxmz nyu H$arV Amho. AmnUhr ~m^irà m gai mor>çm C M dmt>umè m OmVrMr Hw $numgmr>r XmQ> bmjds> Ho$br Va {nh$m Mo g aju Va hmob bm. nu qs>h$ { iob, eoù m- T>çm Zm Im bm nmzo d e Jm { ivrb. m e Jm Ü o Iyn nm {ï>h$ yë Amho d Am fym Ü ohr Ë mmm dmna hmod$ eh$vmo. ~m^yi ho ~hþjwur PmS> Amho. AmnU Ë mà mda ào H$am bm {eh$bo nm{hoo. nmur hom OrdZ (8)

9 bmdbr nm{hoov. J«ÝS> Z Z Ho$irÀ m PmS>m Mr C Mr 7 Vo 8 y$q> AgVo. Ho$ir ~mjobm Oo PmS>m Mo gord, KZXmQ>, Jƒ Hw $nu V ma H$am Mo Ë m PmS>m Mr C Mr {H$ mz 15 Vo 20 w$q>m Mr hdr. hr PmS>o gxmh[av hdrv. mor>çm KZXmQ> PmS>m Mr hdrv. OoUoH$éZ dmam, dmxi ~mjov AmV {eavm H$m m Z o. mñï>rzo gwé (H $Á w[azm), {dq>omm AemoH$, ~m ~y m Mm {dmma H$aVm ob b. nu hr PmS>o nyu nuo dmam dmxi amoiy eh$vrb Ago N>mVrR>moH$nUo AmO Var Hw$Ur gm Jy eh$v Zmhr. H$maU dmè mmm doj {H$Vr Amho mdéz Vo R>aUma Amho. Vmer {H$. r. dojmzo dmao dmhmv AgVrb Va H$mhr à mumv à{v~ YH$ ÌUm eovm^modvr C^maUo e³ Amho. nu Ë mnojm OmñVrMm doj Agob Va Vmo H$gm amoim Mm hm àíz Amho. mmo CÎma eovh$ar Xody eh$uma Zmhr. mmo CÎma B {OZrAa bmoh$m Zr {Xbo nm{hoo. Ë m Zr mg ~ Yr EH${ÌV od$z H$mhr Aä mg Ho$bm nm{hoo, à moj Ho$bo nm{hoov Am{U dojdojù m àh$mamo gm{hë dmnéz nm{hbo nm{hoo. mñï>rzo AmO Hw$R>ohr $magm Aä mg CnbãY Zmhr. eos>zoq>, nm {bhmd$gog hr àm S> dmxirdmè mmm gm Zm H$é eh$uma ZmhrV. H$Xm{MV nm {bh$m~m} ZoQ>Mr J«rZhmD$gog qh$dm ½bmg hmd$gog mgmr>r WmoS>r $ma XV H$é eh$vrb. nu {Vhr {H$VnV eñdr hmovrb m~m~vmm H$mhrhr Aä mg Amnë mh$s>o CnbãY Zmhr. H$maU Aem J«rZhmD$g dm ½bmghmD$g Ü o Amnë mh$s>o Hw$Urhr $maer bmjds> Ho$bobr Zmhr. Ë m wio Vmo n m hr AmO $magm {dmmamv KoVm ov Zmhr. PmS>mbm AmYma XoUo mugmbm Zoh rm Hw$UmMm Z Hw$UmMm AmYma bmjvmo. Vgm mor>m dozxma KS> bmjboë m PmS>mbmhr AmYma Úmdm bmjvmo. AmYma Zgbm Va PmS>mbm H$YrH$Yr Vo KS>mMo doz nobdv Zmhr. PmS> {Zåå mvm dmh$vo qh$dm mos>vo. J KS>hr {ZamYma hmovmo. eovh$ar ~è mmxm hm AmYma Úm bm H$mMHw$M H$aVmo. H$maU XmoÝhr ~moyzo PmS>mbm bmh$s>mmm H$mÌr àh$ma H$éZ AmYma Úm Mm åhuoo IM ovmo. Owam À m XVrZo bmh$s>o bmdm Mr qh$dm Xmoè m ~m Ym À m ho hr IMm Mo d H$ï>mMo H$m Amho. ho H$aÊ mmr Amdí H$Vm Amho. AmYma XoUo åhuoo ZwgVr H$mR>r bmduo Zìho. dmè mmm doj d {Xem Am[U KS>mMo doz bjmv KoD$Z Ë m VmH$XrMm AmYma Úm bm hdm. Mmahr ~moy Zr AmYma PmS>mbm { imbm Va H$mhr à mumv Vo dmxi dmè mv {Q>H$Ê mmr e³ Vm Amho. Ho$irMr ^aur H$arV AgVmZm ImoXmB OmñV mor>r Ho$br nm{hoo åhuoo wio A{YH$ Imobda OmVrb Agohr H$mhr Vk eovh$è m Mo V Amho hdm mz A XmOmMm doy doyemio~amo~am hdm mzmmm A XmO XoUmao mo~mb b A n, g Ho$VñWio dojdojù m ImOJr g ñwm Zr {dh$grv Ho$bo AgyZ Ë m ÌUm Mmhr dmna AmnU hdm mzmmr AÚ mdv m{hvr m{hv H$ê$Z KoÊ mgmr>r Ho$bm nm{hoo. ho A n nwt>rb à muo - (9) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

10 Mobile Apps: Skymet Weather Accu Weather Havaamana Krishi Mkisan Agrostar Dehaat AGRIBUZZ Digital Mandi Kisan Suvidha Websites: theagrihub.com storeking.in/ JdVmi Hw$aUm Mr {Z{ Vr m dmxim Ü o 2.5 Xem e { {b{ Q>anojm OmñV mor>o Yy{bH$U {H$Vr AmhoV mmo moo mn d Aä mg hmoê mmr JaO Amho. ho Yy{bH$U mugmà m Amamo½ mbm Am{U n m daumbm OmñV hm{zh$mah$ AmhoV. Amnë mh$s>o Yyi àm S> AgVo. Ywio ZmdmMo Jmd Amnë mm hmamï >mv Amho. AmnU Iyn joìmv mor>r àjvr Ho$br nu gm m{oh$ d Amamo½ mà m H$mhr Jmoï>tH$S>o Xþb jhr Ho$bo. d j bmjds>rda Amnbm ^a AgVmo nu dmt>rh$s>o bj ZgVo. Ë m wio Xadfu amono bmdê mmm H$m H«$ Ë mm Ë mm IS>S>çmV am~dmdm bmjvmo. Yyi {Z m U hmod$ Z o åhuyz JdVmi Hw$aUm Mr {Z{ Vr H$aUo hm ì dñwmnzmmm Jm^m Amho. m Hw$aUm wio O{ ZrdaMr Yyi CKS>r ns>uma Zmhr Am{U dmam dmximv mvrà m JmobmH$ma dmdq>irhr CR>Uma ZmhrV. ^mavmmo ñdmñï {Z i d ewõ R>odm Mo Agob Va JdVmi Hw$aUo JmdmoJmdr {Z m U H$aUo hm H$m H«$ à^mdrnuo am~{dbm nm{hoo. eovr Am{U hdm mz ImVo m XmoKm Zrhr Joë m Mma {nt>çm nmgyz hm {df Xþb {jv Ho$ë m wio Amnë mbm Ë mmr mor>r {ejm ^mojmdr bmjv Amho. wamo{n Z bmoh$m Zm bmhy$s> hdo hmovo. åhuyz Ë m Zr Amnë mh$s>o mor>çm à mumda d jvmos> Ho$br. ~arm O rz Zm JaQ>rÀ m eovrimbr Zobr. JdVmi Hw$aUm dahr eovr gwé Ho$br. mvr hbdyz CKS>r H$éZ R>odbr. {VÀ mdamo AmÀN>mXZ g nwï>mv AmUbo. ghm { Q>a C MrdéZ dmhumam dmam PmS>o amoivmv. Ë mmm doj H$ r H$aVmV. VrZ Vo Mma { Q>a C Mrn ªVMm dmam Yyi CS>{dVmo. Vr amoiê mmo gm Ï PwS>no, dobr, JdVmi àxoe m À mv AgVo. nydu ~m YmdaÀ m PmS>mPwSw>nm Zm Iyn hëd hmovo. dmer ehammo yi n{hbo Zmd Jwë Ago Amho. Jwë åhuoo PwSy>n. PmS>m Mr wio Imob OmÊ mv d nmzm Mr g» m Am{U AmH$ma dmt>ê mv {ZgJm Mr $ma e³vr dm m OmVo Am{U nmê mmmhr àm S> dmna hmovmo. AmO n m daummo Oo Ag VwbZ {Z m U Pmbo Amho Vo XþéñV H$aÊ mgmr>r dobr Am{U PwS>no dmt>{dê mda eovrì dñwov ^a Úmdm bmjob. ehmxm-{eanwa Yrb Vmnr gmvnws>çmà m am Jm nmgyz ~èhmunwa n ªVÀ m gd S>mo Jami ^mjmv Xadfu Hw$R>o Zm Hw$R>o hm dmximmm àíz {Z m U hmovmo Am{U eovh$è m À m {nh$mmo AVmoZmV ZwH$gmZ hmovo. Ho$ir ho m ^mjmvbo w» ZJXrMo nrh$ Amho. CÎma qhxþñwmzmv W S> hdm mzm wio Ho$ir {nh$v ZmhrV. Ë m Mr Ho$irMr JaO hm ImZXoe ^mj{dvmo. nu mm ^mjmbm dma dma dmximmm VS>mIm E{àb - o {hý mv ~gv Agë m wio m àízmmm gah$mazo Aä mg H$éZ Vmo H$m {Z m U hmovo Am{U Ë mda H$moUVr à^mdr Cnm moozm Ho$br nm{hoo mg ~ YrMo g emoyz VmVS>rZo hmvr KoUo JaOoMo Amho. VgoM m {nh$mbm {då mmo nyu g aju XoUo Amdí H$ Amho. H$maU Ho$ir m {nh$mdam owë m eovh$è m Mr g Õr d amoomr amoor amoq>r Adb ~yz Amho. ZmMr C^mar gdm V hëdmmr nmur hom OrdZ ZmMr g O {dbju Amho. H$Yr H$Yr Amnë m hmvyz H$m KS>Vo ho Amnbo Amnë mbmm H$iV Zmhr. mmm AW XohmMm Vm~m ZmZo KoVbobm AgVmo. Z ho àm S> eº$smm gmr>m Amho. H$mhr doim emar[ah$ j Vonojmhr, ZmMr j Vm mor>r AgVo. ZmZo C^mar Yabr H$s H$m $Îmo hmovo. à» mv d km{zh$ Aë~Q> AmB ZñQ>mB Z m Zr Ago åhq>bo Amho, 'AmË kmz{df H$ {dmma ZmZo KoUo hëdmmo AgVo. Ë m{edm AmÜ mpë H$ Ñï>rH$moZ {Z m U hmov Zmhr. Ho$di {dkmz ho AmË kmzm{edm b JS>o Amho. AmË kmzmmm {dmma bjmv KoÊ mgmr>r Z {OVHo$ Amdí H$ Amho, {VVHo$ AmË kmz JaOoMo Amho'. ZmZo AÜ më Am{U {dkmz m XmoÝhrhr ~m~r g OyZ m bm hì mv. mzdr OrdZmMo ho XmoÝhr hmv AmhoV. ho XmoÝhrhr Cn wº$ AmhoV. m XmoZ hmvm Zr ns>bobr Ho$irMr ~mj nwýhm O~wVrZo C^r H$aÊ mgmr>r ZmMr C^mar gdm V hëdmmr Amho. Z Am{U r mv { ÌËdmMo ZmVo Agbo nm{hoo. ZmMr g OyV H$mT>Vm Ambr nm{hoo Am{U Zmer g dmx H$aVm Ambm nm{hoo. m XmoÝhr Jmoï>r Omo g W numzo H$é eho$b VmoM nwýhm amiovyz { $Zr³g njmgmair ^amar KoD$ eho$b. (10)

11 eos>zoq> Ü o Ho$ir bmjds>rmm à moj ~ {XñV dmvmdaum Ü o åhuoo nm {bhmd$g, eos>zoq>, J«rZhmD$g, ñq>rb-bmhy$s>-~m ~y qh$dm nm {bh$m~m} ZoQ> mnmgyz ~Z{dbobr J«rZhmD$gog m Ü o Ho$irMr bmjds> H$aÊ mmr nõv mor>çm à mumv {dh$grv Pmbobr Amho. Q>H$s, moamo $mo à muom BñamB b gma» m XoemV gr Am $ J {bbrà m ^modvr d hm $m ehamà m Odi AgUmè m ^y Ü g wðmà m ~moyzo mor>çm à mumda Ho$ir ~mjm Mr C^maUr Pmbobr Amho. m gd ~mjm Zm déz ßb pñq>h$mo AmdaU KmVbobo Amho. m mjo dmxi dmè mnmgyz ~mjomo g aju hm Va CÔoe AmhoM, nu m{edm ~mînr^dz H$ r H$aUo, nmê mmm dmna H$ r H$aUo, {dfmuwoý amoj d H$sS>tnmgyZ g aju H$aUo, IVo- Am fym Mm AZmdí H$ dmna Q>miUo, PmS>mMr nmzo dmè mzo $mqy> Z XoUo, mem-h$ss>o m Zr Ho$irÀ m KS>mbm S> I mé Z o ho d mgmaio AZoH$ CÔoe AmhoV. eos>zoq> Ü o Ho$ir Ho$ë mzo nmê mmr 30 Q>³Ho$ ~MV hmovo ho {gõ Pmbo Amho. Amnbo Am{U BñamB bmo hdm mz gmaiom Amho. ^mavmv O Z {hëg owo pñwv g emoyz H $Ðmda ZoQ>hmD$g d nm brhmd$g Ü o Ho$ir bmjds> hmov AgVo. OiJm d {OëømV mdb, amdoµa Ü o e ^a-xmozeo EH$anojmhr OmñV Ho$ir bmdumar AZoH$ eovh$ar S>ir AmhoV. ~aom eovh$ar ñdv:h$s>o $maer O rz Zgbr Var Xþgè mmr O rz ^ms mzo dm I S>mZo H$gm bm KoD$Z Ho$irMr mor>çm à mumda bmjds> H$aVmV. Ë mvë m H$mhr bmoh$m Zr Aem ~ {XñV dmvmdaum Ü o Amnë mbm nm{hoo Vgo åhuoo Ho$ir~mJobm AZwHy$b hmob b Ago dmvmdau V ma H$éZ Ë mv Ho$irMr amono bmdê mmm à moj H$am bm hdm. J«ÊS>Z ZMm KS> mor>m ns>vmo. Ë mmo doz PmS>mbm nobdv Zmhr Am{U {R>~H$ wio PmS>mMr wio Iyn Imobda gai Z OmVm AmS>dr g m Va CWi ngavmv. Ë m wio dmxidmè mv Ho$irÀ m ~mjm ns>vmv Agm MwH$sMm àgma H$mhr bmoh$ H$aVmV. dmñv{dh$ mor>m KS> ns>uo d A{YH$ CËnmXZ eovh$è mzo { i{duo mv H$mhrhr MyH$ Zmhr. ho KS> g H$Q>mVhr H$go gm ^mimdov ho O Z B[aJoeZÀ m g emoyz H $Ðmda ~Kmdo VgoM H$moñQ>m[aH$m, { $brnmb Ýg, hm Sw>ag d BVa Xoem H$Sy>Z AmnU {eh$m bm hdo. ho à moj d g emoyzmmo Am Xm{gÝ Amnë mbm {dh$mg d CÞVrnmgyZ amoiumao Amho. (11) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

12 {R>~H$ qgmzmda H$nmerMr bmjds> ~r.s>r. OS>o d[að> H ${f{dúmemñìk O Z B[aJoeZ {gpñq>åg {b. nmur hom OrdZ (12)

13 H$mnyg ho hmamï >mvrb hëëdmmo amoirmo {nh$ Amho. bmimo eovh$è m Mo g gma m {nh$mer {ZJS>rV AmhoV Ë m wiom Ë mbm "nm T>ao gmozo" Ago åhq>bo OmVo. gmymaunuo 20 o amoor ~aom eovh$ar {R>~H$ g M 5 { ZrQ>o MmbdyZ H$nmerMr bmjds> H$aVmV. CÝhmù mv Ho$bobr hr bmjds> CJdUrgmR>r $ma hëëdmmr R>aVo. mdfu nmd$g doioda gwê$ hmob b Agm A XmO doyemiozo {Xbm hmovm. àë jmv XmoZ - VrZ AdH$mir nmd$g Pmbo. Vo Mm Jbohr Pmbo. Ë m wio H$mhr eovh$è m Zr Ë m AmobrÀ m AmYmamdaM H$nmerMr bmju Ho$br. na Vw àë jmv mog r nmdgm Ü o MH«$sdmXim wio mor>m I S> {Z m U Pmbm. hm I S> Odinmg 15 Vo 20 {Xdgm Mm am{hë m wio H$nmerMr bmjds> hmoê mg mdfu ~amm {db ~ Pmbm Amho. mjà m dfu H$nmerda Amboë m ~m S>Air wio mdfu m {nh$mmo joì H$ r hmob b Agm A XmO hmovm. VWm{n {~ muo H $ný m Mr {~Q>r {~ mê mmr {dh«$s nmhvm H$nmerMo joì H$ r hmob b Ago {XgV Zmhr. gmymaunuo hmamï >m Ü o Xadfu H$nmerÀ m {~ mê mmr EH$ H$moQ>r gmr> bmi nm{h$q>o {dh$br OmVmV. Xmhr mor>çm à mumda {~ muo CnbãY hmovo. Ë m wio nmd$g ovmm eovh$ar H$nmerMr bmjds> H$aVrb Aer Anojm..! (13) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

14 H$mnyg ho ImÝXoe, amr>dms>m, {dx^m Vrc à wi ZJXr {nh$ Amho. amá`m Ü`o øm {nh$mimcr 42 cmi hošq>a joì AgwZ CËnmXH$Vm 386 {H$cmo éb / hošq>ar EdT>rM Amho. CËnmXH$Vm H$ r AgÊ`m Ü`o hëdmmr H$maUo ~{KVcr Va ~armer H$mnyg cmjds> H$moaS>dmhÿ, nmdgmda Adc ~yz Amho. nmdgmda Adc ~yz Agë`mZo noaur `mo½` doioda H$aVm `ouo eš` hmov Zmhr. H$mngmMr cmjds> OgOer Ceram hmob c Ver CËnmXZmV KQ> `ovo. H$mhr eovh$ar H$mnyg {nh$mmr cmjds> hcš`m O{ ZrV H$aVmV. Ë`m wiohr CËnmXZ H$ r { ivo. øm dfu Á`m eovh$è`m Zm H$mnyg cmjds> H$amd`mMr Amho Ë`m Zr H$mnyg {nh$mnmgyz A{YH$ Am{W H$ Z $m { iê`mgmr>r H$mnyg {nh$mmo `mo½` [aë`m {Z`moOZ H$éZ ì`dñwmnz H$amdo. A{YH$ joìmda cmjds> H$aÊ`mnojm H$ r joìmv A{YH$ CËnmXZ H$go { ioc ømda {dmma H$aÊ`mMr JaO Amho. Oo eovh$ar H$moaS>dmhÿ H$mnyg cmjds> H$aUma AmhoV Ë`m Zr H$mngmMo EH$ar 10 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ { iê`mmo cú` R>odmdo. H$mnyg {nh$mmo EH$ar 2-3 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ { iv Agoc Va H$mnyg {nh$ Am{W H$Ñï²>`m $m`xoera hmod$m eh$v Zmhr. Oo eovh$ar {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda ~mjm`vr H$mnyg cmjds> H$aUma AgVrc Ë`m Zr hr H$mnyg {nh$mnmgyz Mm Jcm Am{W H$ Z $m { iê`mgmr>r EH$ar 20 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ KoÊ`mMo cú` R>odco nm{hoo. Ë`m IoarO H$moaS>dmhÿ qh$dm ~mjm`vr H$mnyg Am{W H$ Ñï>çm $m`xoera hmouma Zmhr. darc cú` gmyê`mgmr>r H$moaS>dmhÿ eovh$è`m Zr H$ r, Ü` H$mcmdYrÀ`m 140 Vo 160 {Xdgm À`m OmVtMr {ZdS> H$amdr. eš`vmoda Ë`m Zr ngaumè`m OmVrnojm gai dmt>umao dmu {ZdSy>Z EH$ar PmS>m Mr g»`m hr 8500 Vo 10,000 R>odmdr. VgoM {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda H$mnyg cmjds> H$aUmè`m eovh$è`m Zr Ü` Vo XrK H$mcmdYrÀ`m OmVtMr {ZdS> Ho$cr Var Mmcoc. Ë`m Zr EH$ar PmS>m Mr g»`m 5000 Vo 6,500 R>odmdr. darc cú` gmyê`mgmr>r H$mngmÀ`m EH$ar PmS>m Mr g»`m hëdmmr R>aVo. H$mnyg CËnmXH$ eovh$è`m Zr H$mnyg {nh$ ZrQ> Aä`mgÊ`mMr JaO Amho. {nh$mà`m AdñWoZwgma, JaOoZwgma nmur Am{U AÞÐì`m Mo (IVm Mo) ì`dñwmnz H$aUo JaOoMo Amho. H$moaS>dmhÿ H$mnyg eovh$è`m Zr ~mjm`vr H$mngmer ñnym H$é Z`o. H$moaS>dmhÿ H$mnyg CËnmXH$m Zr àvr PmS> 400 Vo 450 J«H$mnyg { iê`mgmr>r à`ëz H$amdo åhuoo Ano{jV EH$ar 10 q¹$q>c H$mnyg { iuo eš` hmob c. VgoM {R>~H$ qgmz nõvr darc H$mnyg CËnmXH$ eovh$è`m Zr àvr PmS> 400 Vo 450 J«H$mnyg { iêµ`mgmr>r à`ëz H$aUo åhuoo Ano{jV EH$ar 20 q¹$q>c H$mnyg { iuo eš` hmob c. H$moaS>dmhÿ eovh$è`m Zr IVm Mo ì`dñwrv ì`dñwmnz Ho$ë`mg H$mngmÀ`m ~m S>m Mo gamgar 4 J«dOZ gho { i{dvm `ob c. amgm`{zh$ IVm À`m mìm {d^mjyz Úmì`mV. ZÌmMm A{Varº$ dmna Q>mimdm. {R>~H$ qgmz darc H$mnyg CËnmXH$ eovh$è`m Zr {nh$mà`m JaOoZwgma d Amdí`H$VoZwgma {R>~H$ qgmz Ûmao nmur Úmdo. {R>~H$ qgmz Ûmao {nh$mg OmXm nmur eham H$arVm 24 7 VËdmda nmur hom OrdZ (14)

15 XoD$ Z`o. {R>~H$ qgmz Ûmao nmê`mv {dakiumar amgm`{zh$ IVo AmR>dS>çmVyZ XmoZ doim ìh Mwar qh$dm ${Q >cmµ`pa Q>±H$ Ûmao XoÊ`mV no ObmMr Cnm moozm `mdr. {R>~H$ qgmzmmm $º$ {nh$m Zm nmur XoÊ`mgmR>r dmna Z H$aVm Ë`m YyZ nmê`mv {dakiumar IVo `w[a`m 12:61:0 qh$dm $m ñ $moarh$ A grs>, nm T>am nmoq> e, ¾oer` gë o$q>, ~moa Šg, {McoQ>oS> m`h«$mo Ý`y{Q >E Q>g øm Mm dmna H$amdm. øm ${Q >JoeZ V Ìm wio H$mnyg {nh$mmr CËnmXZ XoÊ`mMr j Vm dmt>vo. H$mngmMo gamgar ~m S>m Mo doz 5 Vo 6 J«ghO { ivo. {R>~H$ qgmzmvyz IVo {Xë`mZo ~m S>m Mo doz dmt>vo. H$mnyg ho hmamï >mvrc à wi ZJXr {nh$ Amho. XoemV H$mnyg {nh$mmo cmi hošq>a joì AgyZ hmamï >mv Vo cmi hošq>a Amho. amá`mmr CËnmXH$Vm {H$. ê$b /ho.edt>r Amho. hmamï >mvrc CËnmXH$Vm H$ r AgÊ`mÀ`m à wi H$maUm Ü`o qgmzmmm A^md, Ag Vw{cV nmofu, A`mo½` doir d hcš`m O{ ZrV cmjds> hr AmhoV. amá`mvrc EHy$U H$mnyg cmjds>rà`m joìmn H$s $ŠV 5 Q>ŠHo$ joì ~mjm`vr H$mngmImcr AgyZ Cd [av 95 Q>ŠHo$ H$moaS>dmhÿ {nh$ KoVco OmVo. nmq>nmur ( moh$mq> qgmz) nõvr wio nmê`mmm dmna ^anya hmod$zhr O{ ZrV H$m` dm $gm amhmv Zmhr. O{ ZrVrc H$ r - OmXm Amocmì`m wio H$mngmÀ`m nmë`m, w$co, ~m S>m Mr Ji mor>çm à mumda hmov AgVo. ~m S> dmt>ê`mà`m AdñWoV nwaogm Amocmdm Zgë`m wio hr ~m S>m Mo doz H$ r ^avo. ~aom H$mnyg CËnmXH$ nyd h Jm r H$mngmMo {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda XwßnQ> CËnmXZ KoV AmhoV. nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds> o À`m {Vgè`m, Mm Ï`m AmR>dS>çmV H$amdr. Ë`mdoir H$mù`m O{ Zrcm ^ojm ns>coë`m AgVmV. Vmn mz dmt>coco AgVo. nmur ^ojmvyz {PanVo, H$mù`m O{ ZrV nmur nwt>o gah$v Zmhr. moh$mq> qgmz nõvrda nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds> H$ r nmê`mv eš` hmov Zmhr. nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds> H$aVm Zm H$mngmÀ`m CJdUrgmR>r Iyn H$ r nmur cmjvo. $ŠV ~erà`m AmH$mamMm AmocmdmMr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo. nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds> H$aVm Zm nmê`mmr Amdí`H$Vm gmymaunuo CÝhmù`mV o {hý`m Ü`o {d{harv IwnM H$ r nmur AgVo, Aemdoir nyd h Jm r H$mngmMr cmjds> moh$mq> qgmz nõvrzo H$aUo eš` hmoov Zmhr. H$mngmMo {dh«$ r CËnmXZ { i{dê`mgmr>r H$mngmMr nyd h Jm r cmjds> H$aUo JaOoMo AgVo. EH$ Vmg (60 { ZrQ>o) 5 AœeŠVrMm n n gd gmymaunuo Vmer Vo crq>a nmur XoVmo. EdT>çm nmê`mv H$ rv H$ r 3 Vo 4 EH$a joìmda CÝhmir H$mnyg 20 Vo 30 o Xaå`mZ cmjds> O Z {R>~H$ nõvrzo eš` Amho. H$maU eovh$ar g H$arV H$mnyg cmjds>r Ü`o EH$ar 4000 Vo 6000 PmS>o R>odVmV. àvr PmS> n{hë`m 30 {Xdgm n` V ( o {hý`mvgwüxm Ho$di 1 Vo 1.25 crq>a nmur cmjvo.) nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds>rgmr>r ~erà`m AmH$mamMm Amocmdm nwaogm AgVmo. Vo $ŠV O Z qgmznüxvrda eš` Amho. nyd h Jm r H$mnyg {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda cmjds> Ho$ë`mZo H$mngmMr wio A{YH$ Imocda OmdyZ {nh$m Mr dmt> Omo mzo hmovo Am{U {nh$ cdh$a w$cmda `ovo d domurg V`ma hmovo. O rz nyd h Jm r H$mnyg cmjds>rgmr>r O{ Z CÎm {ZMam hmoumar Ü` Vo H$mir H$gXma Agmdr. Ë`mV ^anya g Ðr` nxmw AgmdoV. A{YH$ MyZIS>rMr AWdm nmur XrK H$mi gmmyz amhumar O{ Z Zgmdr. AWdm IynM hch$s Zgmdr. nyd emjv O{ ZrMr nyd emjv H$miOrnyd H$ H$amdr. C^r d AmS>dr Imoc Zm JaQ>rÀ`m nmirz Va diamà`m Cä`m d AmS>ì`m nmù`m Úmì`mV. O{ ZrVrc T>oH$io $mosy>z `mdov. O{ Z A{YH$ ^wg^wgrv hmoê`mh$arvm amoq>m doq>amm dmna H$amdm. eodq>à`m diamà`m nmir AmYr 15 Vo 20 JmS>çm Hw$Ococo eouiv O{ ZrV { giyz `mdo. O rz ^wg^wgrv Pmë`mZo mvr adoxma ~ZVo. Ë`m wio {R>~H$ìXmao O{ ZrV nmur CÎm [aë`m ngavo. (15) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

16 {R>~H$ qgmz g MmMr C^maUr nyd emjv Pmë`mZ Va {R>~H$ qgmzmgmr>r eovmmm gìh} H$ê$Z AmamIS>m V`ma H$amdm. Z Va AmamIS>çmZwgma {R>~H$ qgmz g MmMr C^maUr H$ê$Z `mdr. {R>~H$ qgmz g MmMr {ZdS> H$aVm Zm VS>OmoS> H$ê$ Z`o. nmê`mmm ómov Am{U nmê`mà`m JwUdÎmoZwgma { $ëq>amr {ZdS> H$amdr. H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r BZcmB Z (O Z Q>~m} EŠgoc, O Z Q>~m o AŠ`yam, O Z Q>~m o cmb Z gwna, O Z Šbmg dz, O Z Q>~m} pñc B.) {R>~H$ nüxvrmm Adc ~ H$amdm. BZcmB Z Zir 12, 16 Am{U 20 {. r. Ü`o CncãY Amho. BZcmB Z Zir Ü`o {S >na Zir H$maImÝ`mV V`ma hmovm Zm AmV ~g{dcoco AgVmV. XmoZ S >rna Yrc A Va O{ ZrÀ`m àh$mamzwgma {ZdS> H$amdo. H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r Ü` àh$maà`m O{ ZrH$[aVm XmoZ {S >na Yrc A Va 40 Vo 60 go. r. Am{U {S >namm àdmh 4 crq>a àvr Vmg Agcocr 12 {.{. AWdm 16 {.{. BZcmB Z ZirMr {ZdS> H$amdr. cmos> eos>tjà`m Ádc V àízm Ü`o H$ r àdmhmà`m {S >nanojm A{YH$ àdmhmmo {S >na A{YH$ Cn`wŠV R>aVmV. H$ r doio Ü`o A{YH$ joì {^Oy eh$vo. {edm` CÝhmù`mV Vmn mz OmñV Agë`mZo ~mînr^dz mor>çm à mumda hmov AgVo. Aemdoir H$ r àdmhmmo {S >ng OmñV $m`xoera R>aV ZmhrV. OmVr nyd h Jm r H$mngmMr {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvrda OmVrMr {ZdS> H$aVm Zm A{YH$ CËnmXZ XoUmè`m g H$arV OmVrMr {ZdS> H$amdr. A{cH$S>o ~r. Q>r. H$mngmÀ`m A{YH$ CËnmXZ XoUmè`m OmVr ~momamv CncãY Pmë`m AmhoV Ë`m Mr {ZdS> H$amdr. OmñV $i $m Úm AgUmar VgoM nwz~ hma Mm Jcm `oumar, ~m S>o cdh$a d gho C cumè`m OmVrMr {ZdS> H$amdr. cmjds>rmo A Va g H$arV H$mnyg {nh$mmr cmjds> Q>moH$U nüxvrzo H$amd`mMr Agë`mZo `mo½` A VamMr {ZdS> H$aUo hîdmmo AgVo. ngaumè`m OmVrgmR>r XmoZ amonm Ü`o A Va A{YH$ Agmdo Am{U C^Q> dmt>umè`m OmVrgmR>r XmoZ amonm Vrc A Va H$ r R>odmdo. cmjds>rmo A Va ( y$q>) EH$ar PmSo {R>~H$À`m XmoZ BZcmB Z Zù`mVrc A Va ( y$q>) XmoZ S >rna Yrc A Va (go r) O{ ZrMm àh$ma, OmVrMo JwUY `m ~m~tmm {dmma H$ê$Z A VamMr {ZdS> H$amdr. EH$ar PmS>m Mr g»`m 4000 nojm H$ r Agy XoD$ Z`o. nmur hom OrdZ (16)

17 cmjds> {ZdS> Ho$coë`m A Vamda CXm. 5' 2' {R>~H$ qgmzmmr BZcmB Z Zir gai ngamdr d H$mngmMr cmjds> H$aVm Zm wr>^a Mm Jco Hw$Ococo eouivmmm dmna Oê$a H$amdm. nyd h Jm r H$mngmMr cmjds> H$aÊ`mnydu g M H$ rv H$ r 15 Vo 20 { ZrQ>o Mmcy H$amdm OoUoH$ê$Z 1 Vo 1.25 cr. nmur ns>oc d Á`m {R>H$mUr {S >namo nmur ns>co Ë`m {R>H$mUr {~`muo 2 Vo 3 go r Imoc Q>moH$mdo. O rz Zoh r dm $gm AdñWoV am{hc `mmr H$miOr `mdr. ${Q >JoeZ nmê`mmr Am{U IVm Mr Cn`mo{JVm dmt>{dê`mh$arvm {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna {R>~H$ qgmz YyZ H$aUo A{YH$ $m`úmmo R>aVo. `m V ÌkmZmg $Q>uJoeZ V ÌkmZ g ~moyco OmVo. `war`m Am{U nm T>am nmoq> e nmê`mv g nyu {dakiv Agë`m wio {R>~H$ qgmzmvyz Ë`m Mm dmna H$aVm `od$ eh$vmo. ${Q >JoeZgmR>r ${Q >cm`pa Q>±H$ qh$dm ìh MwarMm Cn`moJ H$amdm. H$mnyg cmjds>rdoir ~ogc S>mog 10:26:26-25 {H$cmo/EH$a, qph$ gë o$q> 5 {H$cmoo, o$ag gë o$q> 5 {H$cmo, ~moa Šg 2 {H$cmo Am{U ¾o{e` gë o$q> 15 {H$cmo EH$ar EH$Ì { giyz cmjds>r doir H$mnyg {~`muo nmgyz 4 B M Xya [a J H$ê$Z Úmdo. IVo mvrzo ì`dpñwv PmH$mdo. gwú AÝZÐì`o Xwæ` AÝZKQ>H$ Jm Sy>i IV, qz~moir n S> AWdm eouivm Ü`o { giyz dmnamdrv. ${Q >JoeZ H$nmerMr nyu CJdU Pmë`mda gwê$ H$amdo. H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna IV XoÊ`mMm H$mcmdYr cmjds>rz Va 7 Vo 22 {Xdg 23 Vo 60 {Xdg 61 Vo 100 {Xdg 101 Vo 125 {Xdg IVmMr J«oS> ({H$cmo/ EH$a) IVmMr EHy$U mìm 12:61:0 `war`m `w[a`m :61: nm T>am nmoq> e `w[a`m :61: nm T>am nmoq> e nm T>am nmoq> e `w[a`m Xa Mm Ï`m {Xder IVo XoÊ`mMr mìm ({H$cmo/EH$a/ {Xdg) Q>rn : darc {dðmì` IVm Mo doimnìh$ mj Xe ZmñVd Amho. Ë`mV mvr narju Ahdmc, {nh$m Mr AdñWm `mzwgma ~Xc H$amdoV ñd` M{cV {R>~H$ qgmz nõvr (Am Q>mo oez) ñd` M{cV {R>~H$ qgmz ` ÌUoV doi, à mu AWdm g Ýga AmYmarV nõvrmm dmna H$aVm `ovmo. {dðmì` IVo R>am{dH$ nr.em d Bgr Zwgma {ZíMrV H$ê$Z `mo½` àh$mao XoVm `ovo. øm AmYw{ZH$ qgmz ` ÌUo wio amìr ìhm ëdg ~XcÊ`mg OmÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr. øm àumcr wio {nh$mg H$mQ>oH$moanUo qg MZ Ho$co OmVo. dro, n gm Am{U Oya øm Mr Va ~MV hmovo. ${Q >JoeZ H$aVm Zm `md`mmr H$miOr {dðmì` IVo hr {R>~H$ qgmzmûmao Úmd`mMr Agë`m wio {R>~H$ qgmz H$miOrnyd H$ XoI^mc H$aUo ho hëdmmo R>aVo. {R>~H$ qgmz g MmMr m S>Ur hr AmamIS>çmZwgma Agmdr. gd àw {R>~H$ qgmz g MmVrc { $ëq>g (g±s> { $ëq>a, pñh«$z { $ëq>a) oz cmb Z, g~ oz cmb Z, c Q>ac, { $Q>t½O, ìhm ëdg² d âbe ìhm ëd BË`mXr {R>H$mUmhÿZ hmoumè`m JiVr ({cho$oog) nyu nuo ~ X H$amì`mV. {R>~H$ qgmz g MmÀ`m Zù`m Vrc {S >na YyZ (Am ZcmB Z / BZcmB Z) gmaim àdmh VnmgyZ ~Kmdm. {R>~H$ qgmzmmr Zir PmS>mOdi R>odyZ gai R>odmdr d ZirÀ`m eodq>r Iw Q>r ~m Ymdr. g±s> { $ëq>a g~ oz {Z`[ VnUo gm $ (âbe) H$aUo JaOoMo AgVo. c Q>ac Zù`m Mr Vm S>o CKSy>Z Xa {hý`mcm nmê`mzo Xm~ XoD$Z gm $ H$ê$Z `mì`mv. nmê`mmm ómov {dhra, H$mcdm, YaU, ZXr qh$dm Vcmd Agoc d Ë`mV eodmio, Jmi, H$Mam Agoc Aem {R>H$mUr {R>~H$ (17) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

18 qgmz g M XrK H$mi gwairv H$m`m pýdv amhê`mh$[avm pñh«$z { $ëq>a gmo~v g±s> { $ëq>amr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo. O rz hr amoo dm $gm AdñWoV amhrc EdT>oM nmur PmS>m Zm {Xco nm{hoo. H$maµU dm $gm pñwvrvm dzñnvr, hdm, nmur AÞÐì`o Mm Jë`m arvrzo emofu H$ê$ eh$vo. EH$Xm nmê`mmr mìm {ZpíMV Ho$ë`mda {dðmì` IVo XoÊ`mMm H$mcmdYr {ZpíMV H$amdm. IVo XoÊ`mMm Xa d H$mcmdYr IVo XoÊ`mÀ`m gmyzm Zwgma ~XcV AgVmo. {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna EHy$U qgmzmà`m H$mcmdYrÀ`m Yë`m H$mcmdYrV H$amd`mMm AgVmo. IVm Mr g nyu mìm PmS>m À`m wimn`ªv nmohmomoc. IVo XoÊ`mMr gmyzo H$moUVrhr Agmo {H$dm H$mcmdYr {H$Vrhr Agcm Var IVm Mr Vrd«Vm 1000 Vo 1200 nrnre EdT>r Agmdr. IVo {Xë`mZ Va {nh$m Zm OmñV nmur XoD$ Z`o AÝ`Wm nmê`m~amo~a IVm Mmhr {ZMam hmod$z OmB c. åhuyzm {nh$m Zm JaOoBVHo$M nmur XoUo hëdmmo AgVo. O Z {R>~H$ qgmzm H$m? {nh$m Zm $º$ nmê`mmr JaO ZgVo Va nmê`mmo H$m` j emofu hmoê`mgmr>r wim À`m H$m` joìm Ü`o nmur Am{U hdomo g VwcZ AgUo JaOoMo AgVo. {R>~H$ qgmzmûmao H$ r XamZo nmur {Xco OmV Agë`m wio {nh$m À`m wim Odi nmur gmmyz amhv Zmhr Va gmvë`mzo dm $gm AdñWm R>odcr OmVo. Ë`m wio {nh$mà`m dmt>rgmr>r {R>~H$ CÎm n[apñwvr {Z m U H$aVo. {R>~H$ qgmz amgm`{zh$ IVm Mm A{YH$ H$m` j nuo Cn`moJ hmoê`mh$[avmgwõm XV H$aVo. O Z B[aJoeZ {gñq>råg² {c. H $nzr {R>~H$ qgmz àgma H$aÊ`mV ^mavmvrc AJ«JÊ` H $nzr Amho. O Z OJmVrc EH$ od Aer H $nzr Amho H$s gyú qgmz nõvrgmr>r cmjumè`m gd gwq>çm KQ>H$m Mr {Z{ Vr EH$mM N>VmImcr H$aVo. O Z {R>~H$ qgmz g Mm Yrc gd KQ>H$m Mr JwUdÎmm CƒV XOm Mr Amho. {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrmo JwUY 1) nmur ho O{ Zrg Z XoVm {nh$m Zm {Xco OmVo. 2) wim À`m H$m` joìmv, nmur, mvr Am{U hdm `m Mm Zoh r g Ýd` gmycm OmVmo. 3) dm $gm pñwvr H$m` amhmv Agë`m wio {nh$mmr gvv d Omo Xma dmt> hmovo. 4) {nh$mg nmur XaamoO AWdm JaOoà muo EH$ {XdgmAmS> {Xco OmVo. 5) nmur H$ rv H$ r dojmzo {Xco OmVo. H$mnyg {nh$mv {R>~H$ qgmzmmo $m`xo O Z {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvr wio CËnmXZmV XwnQ>rZo dmt> hmovo, O Z {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda ~è`mm eovh$è`m Zr EH$ar q¹$q>c n`ªv `eñdr CËnmXZ KoV AmhoV. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvr wio nmur dmnam Ü`o 50-60% n`ªv ~MV hmovo. H$ r nmê`mv, H$ r doiov, H$ r {doov A{YH$ joìmvrc {nh$mg qgmz H$aVm `ovo. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvrà`m dmnam wio IVo d nmê`mmm nwaonwa Cn`moJ hmovmo d XO}Xma H$mngmMo CËnmXZ { ivo. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvr wio O{ ZrV H$m` dm $gm amhv Agë`mZo nmë`m, w$co, ~m S>m Mr Ji hmov Zmhr, ~m S>o Mm Jcr nmogcr OmVmV. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvr wio IVo XoÊ`mgmR>r, qzxur H$aÊ`mgmR>r, qgmzmgmr>r cmjumè`m Owar IMm V ~MV hmovo. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvr YyZ {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna H$aVm `ovmo. H$mnyg domurg cdh$a gwê$dmv hmovo. nmur hom OrdZ (18)

19 {dðmì` IVo Úmd`mMr gmyzo {R>~H$ qgmz nõvr YyZ ìh Myar qh$dm ${Q >cm`pa Q>±H$ qh$dm B OoŠeZ n nmìxmao {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna H$aVm `ovmo. 1) ìh Mwar : ho nmê`mmm Xm~m Yrc $ah$mda MmcUmao gmyz Amho. ìh MwarÛmao {dðmì` IVo nmê`mà`m àdmhm~amo~a PmS>m À`m wim À`m H$joV {Xcr OmVmV. ìh À`yarÀ`m emofummm Xa 40 Vo 2000 crq>a àvr Vmg AgVmo. w»` dm{hzrdarc, ìhm ëd Ûmao H$ r OmñV H$aVm `ovmo. ìh Mwar 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0 B M gmb O Ü`o CncãY AmhoV. 2) ${Q >cm`pa Q>±H$ : hr EH$ ßb pñq>h$ Q>mH$s AgyZ w»` Ocdm{hZrg BZcoQ> d AmD$Q>coQ> OmoS>coco AgVo. IVm Mo à mu qgmzm~amo~am {nh$m Zm {Xco OmVo. Q>±H$ 30, 60, 90, 120, 160 crq>a Ü`o CncãY AmhoV. 3) Ý`yQ >rho$aa : Ý`yQ >rho$aa erzûmam ñd` M{cV nõvrzo IVo XoÊ`mH$arVm Cn`moJr Amho. `m erzûmam IVo ImÌrera d AMyH$nUo XoVm `ovo. Ý`wQ >rho$aa erz B gr d nrem Mo {Z` Z H$ê$Z IVo ozcmb Z Ü`o {deof ìh Mwar Ûmam gmos>co OmVo. Ý`wQ >rho$aa erz wio CËnmXZmV mor>çm à mumv dmt> hmovo. {dðmì` IVo XoÊ`mÀ`m à mumzwgma H$ r (160 cr/vmg) Ü`o {d{dy m S>oc CncãY AmhoV. H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r nma nm[ah$ IVm Mm dmna Á`m eovh$è`m Zm {dðmì` IVm Mm dmna H$aUo eš` Zgoc Ë`m Zr nma nm[ah$ amgm`{zh$ IVm Mm Imcrc à muo dmna H$amdm. IVmMr mìm mvr n[ajumzwgma IVm Mm dmna H$aUo A{YH$ `mo½` AgVo. ~mjm`vr H$mngmgmR>r 60 {H$cmo ZÌ: 30 {H$cmo ñ w$ax : 30 {H$cmo nmcme {H$./EH$a dmna H$amdm. cmjds>rdoir ¾o{e` gë o$q> 15 {H$cmo d gwú AÞÐì`o 5 {H$cmo EH$amMm dmna Ho$ë`mZo CËnmXZmV dmt> hmovo. 70 Vo 80 {XdgmZ Va JZo{e` gë o$q> 15 {H$cmo d gwú AÞÐì` 5 {H$cmo àvr EH$a `war`m IVmÀ`m S>mog gmo~v dmna H$amdm. IVo XoÊ`mMr H$mcmdYr IVmMr J«oS> IVmMr mìm ({H$cmo)/EH$a cmjds> doir `war`m, 10 10:26:26 25 cmjds>rz Va 25 Vo 30 {Xdgm Zr `war`m, 25 10:26:26 25 IVo XoÊ`mMr H$mcmdYr IVmMr J«oS> IVmMr mìm ({H$cmo)/EH$a cmjds>rz Va 60 `war`m, 35 {Xdgm Zr 10:26:26 50 cmjds>rz Va `war`m 33 {Xdgm Zr 10:26:26 25 Á`m eovh$è`m Zm H$mnyg {nh$mmm ImoS>dm `md`mmm Agoc Ë`m Zr w»` {nh$mmr H$mnyg domurz Va EH$ar 50 {H$cmo `war`m Am{U 50 {H$cmo 10:26:26 Mm dmna H$amdm åhuoo Z Va `oumè`m ~m S>m Mo doz Mm Jco { ioc. H$mnyg {nh$m Ü`o nmur ì`dñwmnzmmo hëd gmymaunuo H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r EHw$U 1000 Vo 1200 { r. nmê`mmr JaO AgVo. hmamï >mgmr>r gd gmymanuo 850 { { nmê`mmr JaO Amho. nmdgmmo 500 Vo 600 {. {. nmur dom H$aVm Cd [av 300 Vo 400 { { nmur {R>~H$ qgmzmûmao Úmdo. gmymaunuo nmdgmim h Jm gßq> ~a AIoa AgVmo. H$mnyg {nh$mmr dmt> Omo mzo hmov AgVo. Aemdoir H$mnyg {nh$mmr nmê`mmr JaO dmt>v OmVo Am{U nmdgmim g në`mzo O{ ZrVrc Amocmì`mMo à mu H$ r H$ r hmov OmVo. Ë`m wio ~m S>m Mr Ano{jV dmt> { iv Zmhr. nmq>nmur nõvrzo g ajrv nmur XoD$Zhr O rz dm $gm AdñWoV H$m` R>odVm `ov Zmhr. {R>~H$ qgmz nüxvrà`m dmnam wio {nh$mg A{O~mV nmê`mmm VmU ~gv Zmhr. dmt>rà`m AdñWoV nmê`mmm VmU ns>ë`mg H$mnyg {nh$mmr CÎm dmt> hmov Zmhr. nmë`m, w$co, ~m S > `oê`mà`m H$mimV nmê`mmm VmU ns>ë`mg nmë`m Mr, w$cm Mr, ~m S>m Mr Ji mor>çm à mumda hmovo. ~m S>m Mo doz { iv Zmhr. {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrzo O rz H$m` dm $gm AdñWoV R>odcr OmV Agë`mZo H$mnyg {nh$mmr CÎm dmt> hmovo. Zoh rà`m h Jm mv (7 OyZMm nmd$g Pmë`mZ Va) Ooìhm AmnU H$mngmMr cmjds> H$aVmo Vmon`ªV nyd h Jm r cmjds>rmm (20 o Mr noaur) H$mnyg 25 Vo 35 {Xdgm Mm Pmcocm AgVmo. Ë`m wio nyd h Jm r H$mngmMr domur cdh$a gwê$ hmovo. (19) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

20 nyd h Jm r H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r {R>~H$ qgmzmûmao qgmzmmo doimnìh$ cmjds> 5 2 {hzm nmê`mmr JaO PmS> / {Xdg / crq>a o. (cmjds>) OyZ Owc Am JñQ> gßq> ~a Am ŠQ>mo~a Zmoìh ~a qs>go~a OmZodmar o$~«wdmar {Q>n: qgmzmmo darc doimnìh$ Ho$di Amnë`m mj Xe ZmñVd Amho. O{ ZrMm àh$ma, hdm mz, {nh$m Mr AdñWm øm Zwgma darc ~Xc H$amdoV. O rz Zoh r dm $gm AdñWoV R>odmdr, {nh$mg nmê`mmm VmU nsy> XoD$ Z`o, nmd$g gwê$ Agoc, O{ ZrV nwaoer Amoc Agoc Va {R>~H$ g MmìXmao nmur XoD$ Z`o. BZcmB Z {R>~H$ g~ ozà`m eodq>r `mo½` (1 {H$cmo/ Mm.go. r.) Xm~mdaM Mmcdmdo. Am Va emjv {nh$ Zoh r VU {dahrv R>odmdo. gwê$dmvrà`m H$mimV diamà`m AWdm H$moiß`mÀ`m Cä`m Am{U AmS>ì`m nmi`m Úmì`mV. amonm Odirc VUm Mr Owam ìxmao qzxur H$amdr. {R>~H$ qgmzmà`m Zù`m gai R>odyZ eodq>r Iw Q>r R>moH$mdr. {dðmì` IVm Mr $dmaur gwê$dmvrcm dmt>rà`m AdñWoV 19:19:19 VgoM w$co `ovm Zm AWdm ~m S>o dmt>rà`m AdñWoV 0:52:34 Am{U ~m S>mMr n¹$vm hmoê`mà`m AdñWoV 13:0:45 øm {dðmì` IVm À`m 2-2 $dmaê`m H$amì`mV. {dðmì` IVm À`m $dmaurv H$mnyg {nh$mà`m CËnmXZmV dmt> hmoê`mg XV hmovo. g OrdH$m Mr $dmaur w$co d nmë`m `m Mr Ji hmod$ Z`o åhuyz EZ.E.E.g OrdH$m Mr 5 { cr, 15 crq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. H$mnyg {nh$mmr CÎm dmt> hmoê`mgmr>r H$moUË`mhr PmB Mr $dmaur H$amdr. {nh$ 80 Vo 85 {XdgmMo AgVm Zm OmXm H$m{`H$ dmt> Pmcr Agë`mg {chmo{gz 10 Vo 12 { cr, 100 crq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. nmur hom OrdZ (20)

21 CËnmXZ nyd h Jm r H$mngmMr {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda cmjds> H$ê$Z `mo½` H$miOr KoVë`mg w»` {nh$ Am{U ImoS>dm { iyz hošq>ar 40 Vo 50 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ gho { iy eh$vo Agm AZw^d Amho. lr. AZ V JUoe M Ðd er (ZmJmnya, Vm.C aios>, {O.`dV mi) `m Zr O Z {R>~H$ nõvrda EH$ar q¹$q>c CËnmXZ KoD$Z XoemV {dh«$ ñwmnrv Ho$cocm Amho. H$mnyg {nh$mà`m A{YH$ CËnmXZmgmR>r {R>~H$ qgmz Amdí`H$M. Oo eovh$ar {Zìdi nmdgmà`m ^adí`mda H$mnyg {nh$mmr eovr H$aVmV Ë`m Zm $ŠV EH$ar 3 Vo 4 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ { ivo. Va O Z {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrda H$mnyg cmjds> H$ê$Z {dh«$ r EH$ar 15 q¹$q>c nmgyz Va 30 q¹$q>c CËnmXZ { idrv AmhoV. eovh$è`m Zm AmVm nyu m{hv Pmcoco Amho H$s {R>~H$ qgmzmà`m dmnam{edm` H$mnyg {nh$mmo A{YH$ CËnmXZ { iv Zmhr. H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r {R>~H$ qgmzmà`m dmnamh$arvm O Z B[aJoeZH$S>o O Z Q>~m} EŠgoc 12, 16, 20 { r ì`mgm Ü`o CncãY AmhoV. Va Á`m Zm H$ r IMm À`m BZcmB Z hdo Agoc Va Ë`m À`m H$arVm O Z Q>~m} pñc, O Z Q>~mo} Šbmg dz BZcmB Z 12, 16 { r ì`mgm Ü`o CncãY AmhoV. O Z Q>~m} pñc Am{U Šbmg dz øm H$ r IMm À`m CËV JwUdËVm Agcoë`m BZcmB Z AmhoV. gmymaunuo H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r {R>~H$ dmnavm Zm O Z Q>~m} EŠgoc 16 { r ì`mgmà`m Šbmg-2 BZcmB ZMm Cn`moJ 5' y$q> A Vamda d {S >na 50 go r A Vamda Agoc Va Ë`mH$arVm gmymaunuo hošq>ar 1 cmi ê$. n`ªv A XmO IM `od$ eh$vmo. Va 12 { r ì`mgmmr BZcmB Z 5" y$q> A Vamda Am{U {S >na 50 go r A Vamda dmna H$amd`mMr Agë`mg hošq>ar 70,000 ê$ IM A XmOo `od$ eh$vmo. eovm Ü`o àë`j moo mn, gd}ju Ho$ë`mZ Va {R>~H$ qgmzmmm H$ r IM H$ r A{YH$ hmod$ eh$vmo. H$mnyg {nh$ ì`dñwmnzmvrc ~m~r g VwcrV nmofu: H$mnyg {nh$mgmr>r {R>~H$ qgmzmmm dmna H$aUmè`m eovh$è`m Zr gmo~và`m mj Xe H$ VŠË`m Ü`o Z wx Ho$ë`mà muo {R>~H$ qgmzmgmo~v nmê`mv {dakiumè`m IVm Mm Adc ~ H$amdm. hr IVo XaamoO AWdm AmR>dS>çmVyZ XmoZ doim ìh Mwar qh $dm ${Q >cm`pa Q>±H$ YyZ XoVm `ovmv. ¾o{e` gë o$q>, gwú AÞÐì`o gwõm {R>~H$ YyZ XoÊ`mgmR>r ~momamv CncãY AmhoV. {dðmì` IVm Mr $dmaur: CÎm dmt>rgmr>r 19:19:19 {dðmì` IVm Mr 45 J«IV 15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. H$mngmMr ~m S>o mor>r hmoê`mgmr>r 0:52:34 Mr 60 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz Am{U ~m S> n[an¹$ hmov AgVm Zm ~mos>o dozxma ìhmdrv `mh$arvm 13:0:45 Mr 75 J«IV 15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. {dðmì` IVm À`m XmoZ-XmoZ $dmaê`m H$amì`mV. amgm`{zh$ IVm Mr AmidUr: nmd$g A{YH$ Agë`mg gd àw eovmvyz nmê`mmm {ZMam H$amdm. {R>~H$ qgmzm YyZ nmê`mv {dakiumar IVo {e $maerà muo ÚmdrV. {R>~H$ qgmzmmm dmna Zgë`mg `war`m J«d nm T>am nmoq> e 200 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mv {dakiyz n nmmo ZmoPc H$mTy>Z H$mngmÀ`m PmS>mÀ`m wim Odi darc IVm Mo 125 Vo 150 { cr ÐmdU Q>mHy$Z AmidUr H$amdr. `m wio AmH$ñ rv amojmmm àmxw^m d hmouma Zmhr. H$mnyg {nh$m Ü`o eovmv nmur gmmë`mzo yi Hw$O amojmmm àmxy^m d hmod$ eh$vmo. Cnm` åhuyz PmS>mÀ`m yim Odi H$m na Am ŠgrŠbmoamB S> 45 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mv { giyz àë`oh$ PmS>mg wim Odi 120 Vo 125 { crmr AmidUr (S >MtJ) H$amdr. H$mnyg {nh$m Ü`o 2, 4-S>r øm VU ZmeH$mÀ`m {dh $VrZo H$mngmÀ`m PmS>mMr nmzo cm ~ Pmcocr AmT>ië`mg {R>~H$ qgmz YyZ `war`m IVmMm dmna H$amdm Am{U 19:19:19 `war`mmr $dmaur H$amdr. ag emofu H$aUmè`m {H$S>tMo {Z` ÌU: mdm, VwS>VwS>o, y$c{h$s>o, nmt> ar mer, {nr>çm T>oHy$UMm àmxw^m d Agë`mg Imcrc n H$s $ŠV EH$m {H$Q>H$ZmeH$mMr AmcQy>ZnmcQy>Z $dmaur H$amdr. ~waer`wšv amoj AmT>iyZ Amë`mg ~waerzmeh$mmr $dmaur H$aVm `od$ eh$vo. (21) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

22 $dmaurmr Am fyo 1 B rs>mšbmoàrs> (H$m $ss>moa) 5 { cr 15 {cq>a nmur 2 àmb S> 3 J«3 A grq> àr rs> 4 J«4 S>m` owmoeq> (amojmoa) 15 { cr 5 A gr o$q> 20 J«6 Wm`mo owmošpm 4 J«7 Q >m`pmo $m g 20 { cr 8 A ŠQ>mam 5 J«9 owrc S>o oq>m Z 15 { cr 10 Šbmoamonm`ar $m g 15 { cr 11 {¹$Zmc $m g 15 { cr 12 A S> m`a 6 J«Šbmoamonm`ar $m g qh$dm {¹$Zmc $m gà`m dmnam wio H$mnyg {nh$m Yrc nmzo ImUmar Air, {hadr Air {Z` ÌrV H$aVm `ovo. $dmaur H$aVm Zm gmo~v 10 Vo 12 { cr pñq>h$amm Cn`moJ H$amdm. $dmaur gmo~v qz~moir AH$m Mmhr Cn`moJ H$amdm. ~waer`wšv amojmmo {Z` ÌU a amoj: amoh$mo 25 J«qH$dm [as>mo{ c 25 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz amojj«ñv PmS>mcm AmidUr H$amdr. X{h`m: Wm`modrQ> 20 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. ~waer`wšv H$anm: H$m na Am ŠgrŠbmoamB S> 30 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. {OdmUy H$anm: ñq >oßq>mogm`šbrz 2 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur. ~waer`wšv amojmmo {Z` ÌUmH$arVm ~mdrñq>rz, S>m`WoZ E -45. H$mnyg {nh$mmr H$m`rH$ dmt> A{YH$ Pmë`mg H$mnyg {nh$mmr H$m`rH$ dmt> A{YH$ hmod$ Z`o åhuyz ZÌ IVm Mm (`war`m) dmna hm mvr n[aju Ahdmc AWdm {e $magrzwgma H$amdm. H$m`rH$ dmt> A{YH$ Pmë`mg 35 {Xdgm Zr M ËH$ma `m dmt> {damoyh$ g OrdH$mMr 15 { cr 15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. H$m`rH$ dmt> A{YH$ hmov Agë`mg 80 {Xdgm Zr {chmogrz `m dmt> {damoyh$mmr 2 { cr 15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz AWdm {chmogrz 10 Vo 12 { cr 100 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. nmë`m Am{U y$cm Mr Ji hmov Agë`mg O{ Zr Ü`o Amocmì`mMo à mu H$ r-a{yh$ Pmë`mg AWdm Vmn mzm Ü`o AMmZH$ ~Xc Pmë`mg nmë`m- w$cm Mr Ji hmod$ eh$vo. nmë`m- w$cm Mr Ji hmod$ Z`o åhuyz ßb Zmo{ $Šg (EZ.E.E.) øm g OrdH$mMr 4 Vo 5 { cr 15 {cq>a nmê`m YyZ $dmaur H$amdr. {R>~H$ qgmzmûmao O rz H$m` dm $gm AdñWoV R>odmdr. nmzo cmc ns>uo (cmë`m) nmzo cmc ns>uo hr H$mnyg {nh$m Yrc amoj ZgyZ {dh $Vr Amho. ZÌ IVmMr CUrd, Vmn mzmv ~Xc, ¾o{e` Mr CUrd Pmë`mg H$mngmMr nmzo cmc hmod$ cmjvmv. øm H$arVm {R>~H$ qgmzmgmo~v {e $maerzwgma IVm Mm dmna H$amdm. Xwæ` AÞÐì`o d gwú AÞÐì`m Mmhr dmna H$amdm. O rzrvyz cmjds>rdoir d 60 ì`m {Xder ¾oer` gë o$q> EH$ar 10 {H$cmo Úmdo. ¾o{e` gë o$q>mr 60 J«15 {cq>a nmê`mvyz $dmaur H$amdr. 19:19:19 Mr $dmaur H$amdr AWdm {S>Enr XmoZ Q>ŠHo$ ÐmdUmMr $dmaur H$amdr. {Q>n : {nh$mmo CËnmXZ ho O{ ZrMm àh$ma d nmov, nmê`mmr mìm, hdm mzmvrc ~Xc, cmjds>rmr nõv, {~`muo, OmVr, IVo, {H$S>, amoj VgoM `mo½` ì`dñwmnz `mda Adc ~yz AgVo. nmur hom OrdZ (22)

23 {~ muo H $ný m Mr Zdr Cnm moozm ~rq>rv { gibo gmyo H$nmerMo {~ muo (23) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

24 ~rq>r H$m Q>Z d ~rq>rmo {~ muo H$nmerda oumè m Jwbm~r ~m S>Airbm n m r ImÚ CnbãY ìhmdo åhuyz Xm H$nmerMo {~ muo {dh$umè m gd H $ný m Zr ~rq>r {~ mê mà m {nedrv Zm Z~rQ>rMo 25 J«{~ muo (gmym H$nmer dmu) { giyz Q>mH$bo Amho. {edm VmbwH$m H $fr A{YH$mè m m $V àë oh$ eovh$è mbm nmm o$amo Z Q > n Owb {hý mv mo $V dmq>ê mv ouma AmhoV. mjà m dfu hmamï >mv H$nmerÀ m {nh$mda gd Ì mor>çm à mumda ~m S>Air (~mobd ) Amë m wio H$mnyg CËnmXH$ eovh$è m Mo àm S> ZwH$gmZ Pmbo hmovo. amr>dms>m, ImZXoe Am{U {dx^ m VrZ {d^mjmv H$mnyg ho ZJXrMo {nh$ åhuyz AmoiIbo OmVo. ~hþvm e eovh$è m Mm g gma d amooramoq>r H$mnyg m {nh$mer OmoS>br Jobobr Amho. Ë m wio Ë m À m Ñï>rZo ho AË V hëdmmo d amoirmo nrh$ Amho nmgyz eovh$ar ~rq>r {~ muo dmnarv hmovo. mjrb 15 dfm V H$Yrhr ~m S>Air Ambr ZìhVr. Ë m wio Vr 2017 gmbr ob b Ago eovh$è m Zm ñdßzmvhr dmq>v ZìhVo. H $ný m Zr 450 J«Mr ~rq>r {~ mê mmr {nedr CnbãY H$éZ XoVm Zm Ë mà m gmo~v 120 J«Mr gmü m {~ mê m Mr {nedrhr eovh$è m Zm CnbãY H$éZ {Xbr hmovr. Anojm Aer hmovr H$s m ~rq>r H$nmerÀ m ^modvr eovh$ar gmü m H$nmerMo ~r bmdvrb qh$dm noavrb Á m wio ~m S>Air Ambr Va Vr gmü m H$mngmda OmB b Am{U ~rq>r H$nmerbm H$moUVrhr hmzr nmohmomuma Zmhr. na Vw eovh$è m Zr gmü m H$nmerMo {~ muo VgoM KamV R>odbo. Vo ~rq>r H$nmerÀ m ^modvr bmdbo Zmhr. Ë m wio qnh$ ~mobd Am ir Ambr Vr WoQ> H$nmerÀ m ~m S>mÀ m gah$sdam Jobr Am{U VrZo AmVbo ~r ImD$Z Q>mH$bo. Ë m wio H$mnygM V ma Pmbm Zmhr. ~m S> AmVyZ {H$S>br Am{U AirMr KmU Ë m nmur hom OrdZ (24)

25 ~m S>mV gmmyz am{hbr. n[aum r Hw$R>bohr ~m So> $mos>bo Va Ë mv H$mnyg {ZKm MmM Zmhr. $³V KmU ~mhoa ns>m Mr. eovh$ar mdfuhr nwýhm AgoM dmjvrb. ~rq>r {~ mê mv gmyo dmu noauma ZmhrV. Ë m wio gah$mazo gd {~ muo H $ný m Zm AmXoe {Xbm hmovr H$s ~rq>r Ü om gmym dmu { giyz 475 J«Mr {nedr eovh$è m Zm CnbãY H$éZ Úmdr. Ë m wio AmnmoAmnM gmym dmu noabm OmB b. hmamï >mv H$nmerMo joì mjrb 60 dfm V 27 Vo 51 bmi ho³q>aà m Xaå mz am{hbo Amho. nmdgmà m d nmê mà m CnbãYVoZwgma m joìmv H$ r OmñV ~Xb hmov am{hbo AmhoV. mvbo Odinmg 54 Q> o$ joì EH$Q>çm A amdvr hgyb {d^mjmv AgyZ AmVm gd eovh$ar ~rq>r H$mnygM bmdvmv. Ë m wio gmü m H$nmerMr Hw$R>ohr $maer bmju hmov Zmhr. ImZXoemVrb H$mnyg ho hëdmmo nrh$ AgyZ $ma mor>r na nam Amho gmbr ImZXoeMm H$bo³Q>a Agboë m dm B S> m Zr Ë mh$mir A o[aho$vyz bm ~ Ym½ mà m H$nmerÀ m nazmå~wh$mo, ~wa~moz d B{Opße Z OmVrMo {~ muo mjdyz 60 homa én m Mm H$mnyg Ë mdoir {Z m V Ho$bm hmovm. OiJmd {OëømVrb amdoa, ^wgmdi, wº$mb ZJa, hm ^mj Ho$irMm åhuyz AmoiIbm OmV Agbm Var {Oëhm{Zhm ~mh$s gd VmbwHo$ ho H$nmerMr bmju H$aUmao AmhoV Am{U VoM Ë m Mo ZJXrMo nrh$ Amho. OiJmd {Oëh mv H$nmerMo joì Mma bmi, 65 homa ho³q>a AgyZ Xadfu {OëømgmR>r H$nmerÀ m {~ mê m Mr 17 bmi nm{h$q>o bmjvmv. mdfu mì 19 bmi, 80 homa nm{h$q>o {~ mê m Mr CnbãY Pmbr AgyZ 42 {~ muo H $ný m Zr 175 dmu CnbãY H$éZ {Xbo AmhoV. mì eovh$è m Mr gdm {YH$ mjur amer H $nzrà m 659 m dmumbm hmovr. 155 Vo 160 {XdgmV åhuoo bdh$a H$mnyg oumar hr ~wer Q>mB n ìham Q>r A{YH$ CËnmXZ XoUmar AgyZ àë oh$ ~m S> 5 Vo 6 J«Mo AgVo. EH$ar 6 Vo 12 q¹$q>b CËnmXZ ovo. 120 {XdgmZ Va CËnmXZ gwé hmovo Am{U VrZ domê m hmovmv. ~rq>r dmum wio ~mo S>o JiV ZmhrV. nydr 5 ~m 5 qh$dm 5 ~m 4 da bmjds> H$am Mo. AmVm hm S>opÝgQ>r nõvrzo H$nmerMo {d{dy H $ný m Mo {~ muo d mjrb dfu H$nmerda Ambobr Jwbm~r ~m S>Air (25) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

26 4 ~m 2 {H$ dm 3 ~m 2 m nõvrzo bmjds> H$aVmV. EH$m PmS>mda 40 Vo 50 ~m S>o Ambr Var àë oh$ PmS> 200 J«H$mnyg XoVo. EH$m EH$amV H$nmerMr Xhm homa amono ~gvmv. EH$ar Xhm q¹$q>b H$mnyg gho {ZKVmo. {R>~H$ qgmz nõvrmm H$nmerbm dmna Ho$bm Va EH$ar 20 q¹$q>bà m nwt>om CËnmXZ OmVo. H$mhr eovh$è m Zr Va 40 Vo 42 q¹$q>b n ªV EH$ar H$nmerMo CËnmXZ KoVboo Amho Am{U n{hë m dfm V {R>~H$ qgmzmmm IM dgyb Ho$bm Amho. amer 659 m dmumda XmoZ dfmªnydu OmbZm {OëømVrb ^moh$axz Vmbw³ mv Jwbm~r ~m S> Amir Ambr hmovr. 296 eovh$è m Zr Ë m~m~v gah$mah$s>o VH«$ma Ho$br hmovr. m gd eovh$è m Zm H $nzrbm ZwH$gmZ ^anmb Úmdr bmjbr hmovr. BVHo$M Zìho Va mjà m dfu m dmumda gah$mazo ~ Xr KmVbr hmovr. Ë m wio hmamï >mvrb eovh$è m Zm m dmummo {~ muo $mago CnbãY Pmbo ZìhVo. H$mhr eovh$è m Zr mì JwnMynnUo JwOamV d Ü àxoemvyz {~ muo AmUyZ bmdbo hmovo. H$mhr {~ muo ~ZmdQ>hr {ZKmbo hmovo. mdfuhr Ago ~ZmdQ> {~ muo A izoa Vmbw³ mv nh$s>ê mv Ambo AgyZ OiJmd {Oëhm n[afxomo H ${f {dh$mg A{YH$mar lr. YwH$a Mm Yµar m Zr Ë m~m~v A izoa nmobrg ñq>oez Ü o JwÝhm Zm X{dbm Amho. mjrb XmoZ dfm Vrb ~ZmdQ> {~ muo {dh«$smm AZw^d bjmv KoD$Z amer H $nzrzo mdfu {~ mê mà m nm{h$q>mda EH$ '³ wama' H$moS>> {Xbm hmovm. eovh$è mzo {~ mê mmo nm{h$q> IaoXr Ho$ë mz Va Ë m H$moS>Mm A±S>am B S> mo~mb bdéz $moq>mo KoVë mz Va H $nzrh$sy>z bjom ogoo m Mm. Á m À mh$s>o A±S>am B S> mo~mb b Zmhr Ë m Zr nm{h$q>mdarb Z ~a ñh«$m Ho$ë mda Z ~a ob b Ë mdéz Ë m Zr {~ muo Iao H$s ImoQ>o ho g Oy eho$b Aer ì dñwm amer H $nzrzo Ho$br hmovr. mdfu EH$Q>çm OiJmd {OëømV amer 659 m dmummr gms>o VrZ bmi nm{h$q>o {dh$br Jobr. amer 578 m dmummr 80 homa Am{U amer {ZUmo m dmummr 70 homa Aer EHy$U nmm bmi nm{h$q>o {dh$br Jobr. H$mdoar grs²>g m H $nzrà m OmXÿ, EQ>rE d Zr oh$a m dmum Mr VrZ bmi nm{h$q>o {dh$br Jobr. Jw Qy>a Yrb Ý yor{dsy> H $nzrzo Odinmg AS>rM bmi, A{OV grs²g H $nzrzo EH$ bmi 40 homa Am{U A Hw$a grs²>g Zo 80 homa H$nmer {~ mê mmr nm{h$q>o mdfu OiJmd Xoer H$mnyg d Ë mmo {~ muo nmur hom OrdZ (26)

27 nv J nh$s>ê mgmr>rmm o$amo Z Q > n {OëømV {dh$br. nmdgmzo VmU {Xë m wio mì ~amm H$nmerMm noam ~mh$s Amho. Owb -Am JñQ> {hý mv eovh$è m Zm o$amo Z Q > ßg gah$maà m dvrzo mo $V dmq>n H$aÊ mv ouma AgyZ àë oh$ $eovh$è mbm nmm o$amo Z Q > ßg {Xbo OmUma AmhoV. Vo eovmv H$nmerÀ m {nh$mv bmdë mz Va Oa XaamoO AmR>À mda nv J Ë mv Ambo Va eovh$è m Zr {à{ $Zmo $m g d BVa A S>r ZmeH$ Am fym Mr $dmaur H$am Mr Amho. Owb {hý mà m eodq>r Am{U Am JñQ>À m n{hë m AmR>dS>çmV nmê mv { giyz hr Am fyo $dmam Mr AmhoV. mjà m dfu dv mi {OëømV Am fy $dmaur H$aVm Zm {df~mym Pmë m wio ~è mm eovh$ar d eov Owam Mm Ë w Pmbm hmovm. åhuyz Am fyr $dmaur g ~ Yr Owam Zm d eovh$è m Zm à{eju XoÊ mmm H$m H«$ mdfunmgyz H $fr {d^mjmzo hmvr KoVbm AgyZ gd àmw{ H$ Amamo½ H $Ðo, J«m ru é½umb o owo Am fy $dmaur wio {df~mym Pmë mg Ë mda ËdarV CnMma H$aVm mdov åhuyz A ÝQ>rS>mog Am fyo CnbãY H$éZ XoÊ mv Ambr AmhoV. $º$ eovh$è mzo Ëd[aV Owambm XdmImÝ mv ZoUo JaOoMo Amho. Am fy $dmaurzo eov Oya obm Va Ë m~m~v g ~ {YV eov mbh$mbm Xmofr YéZ Ë mà mda àw H$madmB Ho$br OmB b Agm Bemamhr gah$mazo {Xbm Amho. Am fy Á m nmê mv { gim Mo Vo nmur ñdàn> Agmdo. mvr { lrv JTyi Zgmdo. JTy>i nmê m wio ZmoOb d n n bjom Iam~ hmovmo. ~è mmxm daà mda Am fy $dmabo OmVo. Imbr dmhy$z Am fy Z maë m wio Vo {H$S>rn ªV nmohmv Zmhr. AHw$eb Oya H$mhr doim CaH$m nms>ê mà m Z[ñWVrV AgVmo. Vmo ì dpñwvnuo H$m H$arV Zmhr. Ë m wio {H$Vrhr Am fy $dmabo Var Vo dm m OmVo. hr d AÝ AZoH$ H$maUo bjm V KoD$Z Owam Zm Am fy $dmaurmo à{eju XoÊ mmm H$m H«$ hmvr KoÊ mv Ambm Amho. ZÌmMm dmna àm S> OiJmd {Oëøm Ü o eovh$ar amgm {ZH$ IVm Mm dmna H$aVmZm $º$ w[a mmm åhuoo Zm Q >moozmm àm S> dmna H$aVmV. Ë m VwbZoV $m ñ $ag Am{U nmoq> {e Mm dmna $ma H$ r hmovmo. Ë m wio O{ ZrV Ag VwbZ {Z m U hmov hmovo. mda Cnm åhuyz OiJmd {OëømgmR>r 50 {H$bmoEodOr 45 {H$bmoMr w[a mmr JmoUr Img H$éZ ~ZdyZ KoÊ mv Ambr Ago 'H $frob' m{gh$mbm gm JyZ {Oëhm n[afxomo H $fr {dh$mg A{YH$mar lr. Mm Yar åhumbo, H$s OiJmd {OëømMm Iµarn h Jm mvbm amgm {ZH$ IVmMm dmna hm 2 bmi, 10 homa oq >rh$ Q>Z Amho Va aã~r h Jm mvbm IVmMm dmna hm 1 bmi 10 homa oq >rh$ Q>Z Amho. amgm {ZH$ H$WmÀ m dmnamv OiJmd {Oëhm mmm hmamï >mv àw Am{U ^mavmv {Vgam H«$ m H$ Amho. $º$ w[a mmm åhuoo Zm Q >moozmm dmna H$ r ìhmdm åhuyz JmoUrVbm w[a m nmm {H$bmoZo H$ r Ho$bm d {Z H$moQ>oS> Ho$bm. gmymaunuo eovh$è m Mr mz{gh$vm gjir JmoUr dmnaê mmr AgVo. Ë m wio JaO Amho H$s Zmhr ho bjmv Z KoVm w[a mmm dmna dmt>v hmovm. Ë mmm n[aum nmê mà m Am{U mvrà m JwUdÎmoda hmov hmovm. {edm AmVm gjim w[a m hm {R>~H$À m mü mvyzm dmnabm Jobm nm{hoo Agm à ËZhr H$aÊ mv ov Amho. n[aum r IVo dm m OmUma ZmhrV mmrhr H$miOr KoÊ mv ov Amho. {nh$m gmr>r dmnabr OmUmar ZÌ, nmbme Am{U ñ w$ax w³v IVo (27) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

28 Om ^yi {nh$ë m PmS>mImbr S>m. gwyra ^mo Jio (28)

29 Om ^imgma» m Cno{jV d Xþb {jv Agboë m {nh$m YyZhr EH$ar 2 bmi én m Mo CËnÝZ { i{dvm ovo ho ~mam Vr owrb lr. à mox nm Sw>a J C $ Am~m gmvd m Zr H $VrVyZ {gõ H$ê$Z XmI{dbo Amho. emñìewõ nõvrzo d {R>~H$ gma» m ZdrZ V ÌmMm Om ^yi ~mjogmr>r dmna H$ê$Z mor>çm AmH$mamMr XO}Xma Om ^io Ë m Zr CËnm{XV Ho$br. Ë m wio m Om ^im Zm g nyu XoemMr ~momanor> CnbãY hmod$ eh$br. lr. gmvd m À m m emmr H$hmUr gm JUmam hm boi... o {hý mà m eodq>mbm qh$dm OyZ {hý mà m n{hë m AmR>dS>çmnmgyZ Om ^yi ~momamv {dh$m bm ovo. JX H$mir ^moa Q>nmoar Om ^i nm{hbr H$s Vm S>mbm nmur gwq>v. Q>monbrda EH$mda EH$ ambobr hmvjms>rdamr Vr Om ^io mor>r ZmodoYH$M AgVmV Ago Zìho Va Vr {IemV hmv Kmbm bm bmdumar AgVmV. n{hb Om ^yi Z wý mm åhuyz w$h$q> CMbyZ Vm S>mV Q>mH$b H$s J AmVm {H$Vr {H$Vr ImD$ Ag AmYmemgmaI ìhm bm hmov. Yw oh AgUmè m mugm Zm Va hr Zm r g Yr Amho Ag M dmq>v Am{U Vo Om ^yim da VwQy>Z ns>vmv. bhmunur mzm C M H$ê$ H$ê$ hmvmbm ob b Vmo XJS> C MM C M dmt>boë m Ë m Om ^irda o$h$bm H$s, bmb H$mir, H$ƒr n $s Or H$mhr Imbr ns>br Vr AmdS>rZo nmoq>mv Om Mr. Imëë mnojm gwõm Amnë m hmvmbm e Ambo hm AmZ X A{YH$ Agm Mm. d mz mor> Pmë mda XJS>r mê$z Om^ i nms>m À m AmZ Xmbm wh$md bmjv Am{U hmvjms>rdamr qh$dm ~mb À m nmq>rvbr Om ^i {dh$v KoD$Z OwÝ m AmR>dUtZm OmJ V H$am M AgV. H$Yr H$Yr bm Q>ar bmjvo, ^m½ $i $iv Am{U Om ^imà m PmS>mImbr OmD$Z hmvmz VmoS>Vm ovrb Aer H$mir^moa, Q>nmoar bmoê mgmaim D$ gmaê$n KZ^mJ Agbobr ^anya JamMr Om ^io nm{hbr H$s {H$Vr ImD Am{U H$mooUVr H$moUVr VmoSy> Ag ìhm bm hmov. Agm àg J ZwH$VmM ~mam Vr owo lr. à mox nm Sw>a J gmvd C $ Am~m gmvd m À m Om ^io XmI{dVm Zm Am~m gmvd Om ^irà m ~mjov Joë mda AZw^dm bm { imbm. Am~m gmvd ho wimvm hms>mmo eovh$ar. bhmunumnmgyz Q > ³Q>adê$Z Ë m Zr Amnbo mor>o ^md$ àem V C $ ZmZm mà m gmo~vrz d XVrZ VmoS>boë m D$gmMr Q > ³Q>adê$Z dmhvyh$ H$aÊ mmo H$m AZoH$ df} Ho$bo. ^mq>kµa YaUmVrb Zram S>mì m H$mbì mmo nmur e ^a dfmªnmgyz { iv Agë m wio KaMr gjir eovr ~mjm Vr d D$g {nh$mmr. nu D$gmVyZ { iumam n gm hm IM VwbZoV {H$VrVar H$ rm. {edm D$g VwQy>Z gjio n go hmvmv m bm Odinmg XmoZ-gìdm XmoZ dfmªmm H$mi OmVmo. IM, H$ï>, doi, O{ ZrMr {ZJm m VwbZoV {dmma Ho$bm Va D$g {nh$ Z nads>umao. Aem R>m Vmbm Amboë m Am~m gmvd m Zr $i~mj C^r H$aÊ mmm {ZU KoVbm. nmur ^anya hmovo. wimv OmXm nmê mmm dmna hrm g ñ m hmovr. H$mbì mvrb nmê mv jmam Mo à mu Iwn Agë m wio O{ ZrVrb jmam Mo à mu dmty>z Vr nm T>aQ> d {ZMam hmoumar ~ZVo H$s, H$m Aer {^Vr Agë m wio Am~m Zr D$g {nh$ H$mTy>Z Q>mH$bo Am{U Ë m amzmv Om ^yi, qmm d {MHy$Mr bmjds> Ho$br. Om ^imà m ^ms>moir m ìham Q>rMr amono Ë m Zr ~mam Vr H $fr {dh$mg à{vð>mz YyZ AmUbr. EH$ dfm Mr hr amono 30 ~m 30 y$q> A Vamda bmdbr. XmoZ PmS>m À m Ü o qmm Am{U {MHy$Mr (29) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

30 lr. Am~m gmvd m Mr ~mam Vr owrb Om ^yi, qmm d {MHy$Mr ~mj PmS>o bmdbr. dojdojù m àh$mamr PmS>o bmdë m wio nm {bzoez Mm Jbo hmoê mg IwnM XV Pmbr. ~è mmxm eovh$ar Y mím mà m noq>çm ~mjov dm amzmv R>odyZ nm {bzoez Mm Jbo KS>dyZ AmUÊ mmm à ËZ H$aVmV. nu Am~m Zm Z g{j H$[aË mm Am Va{nH$m wio Mm Jbo nm {bzoez gmyvm Ambo. VWmnr Y mem À m noq>çm R>odë m Va AmUIrZ Mm Jbm $m Xm hmod$ eh$vmo ho Am~m À m bjmv Amë m wio AmVm nwt>rb dfm nmgyz ~mjov Y mem À m noq>çm R>odÊ mmm {ZU Ho$bm Amho. Am~m Mr Om ^immr ~mj Xadfu {dh$v KoUmao lr. {H$gZ ~~Z OJVmn hohr hms>mmo eovh$ar AmhoV. $i{dh«$smm Ë m Mm ì dgm Agbm Varhr AmYw{ZH$ nõvrzo H$er eovr H$amdr Am{U mb J«mhH$mbm nm{hoo Ë m nõvrzo H$gm CËnm{XV H$amdm mmm Ì Am{U V Ì lr. OJVmn m Zm Mm Jbo AdJV Agë m wio Ë m Mo mj Xe Z d ~mjovbr ^oq> Am~m Zm H$m M Cn mojr ns>v Ambr Amho. ~mjogmr>r Am~m Zr b os>riv mor>çm à mumda dmnabo. Amnë m E Am S>rgrVrb ^yi S>mda Ë m Zr H$mhr YZJa Hw$Qy> ~m Zm ghm {hzo amhê mgmr>r OmJm {Xbr. ho YZJa Amnbr gjir T>ao Ë m ^yi S>mda Omir ~m YyZ {VWo R>odrV. ghm {hý mv Odinmg Mma Q >H$ ^avrb EdT> m b S>çm Ë m ^yi S>mda ns>ë m. Ë m gd O m H$ê$Z EH$ar XmoZ Q >H$ mà muo XmoZ EH$a ~mjov b S>çm ngaë m. gmo~v eouiv hmov M. b S>r Am{U eouiv m XmoÝhtÀ m { lumzo Om ^yimmo Oo ìhm CËnmXZ gwê$ Pmbo (2014 nmgyz) V ìhm Om ^immm AmH$ma ~KVM amhmdo BVH$m mor>m Pmbm hmovm. JamMo à muhr àm S> hmovo. '{~Z XoIo ~Zo Zht aho M Z' Aem àh$mamr MH$mH$s Om ^im Zm Agë m wio ~momamv Vr àë oh$mmr bj doyyz KoV hmovr. Ë m wio EH$ VmgmÀ m AmV gjir Om ^i {dh$br Om Mr. nwaogo g Ðr IV Am{U Ë mbm WmoS>ogo ghmæ ^yv hmob b EdT> amgm {ZH$ IV d doioà m doir Am fym Mr à mumv $dmaur m wio Am~m À m Om ^im Zr ~momamv ñdv:mm Zmdbm H$sH$ àñwm{nv Ho$bm. n{hë mm dfu 500 {H$bmo Om ^io {ZKmbr Am{U Vr {dhy$z 90 homa ê$n o { imbo. Xþgè m dfu 1 bmi 20 homa ê$n m Zm ~mj {dh$br Jobr Am{U m dfu 1 bmi 80 homambm lr. {H$gZ OJVmn m Zr {dh$v KoVbr. Xadfu Om ^immo CËnmXZ dmt>v Agë m wio ~mjomr qh$ Vhr dmt>v Amho. Om ^imà m PmS>mbm Mm Jbm mohmoa bmjmdm åhuyz Zmoìh o~a {hý mnmgyzm emjv d ohzv gwê$ H$amdr bmjvo. Xadfu EH$m PmS>mbm VrZ mor>r K obr eouiv d b S>rIV KmbVmV. ~mjobm O Z B[aJoeZMm {R>~H$ g M ~g{dê mv Ambm AgyZ {ZË Zo mzo JaOoEdT>mM nmur nwadr>m H$aVmV. OdiyZM ZramS>mdm H$mbdm dmhv Agbm Var nmq>mmo nmur XoD$Z amz nmê mzo IMmIM ^av ZmhrV. JaOoÀ m doir mooho$ nmur {Xbo Va PmS>m À m wim Mm ídmgmoàn>dmg AI S>nUo Mmby amhÿz nwaoer AÞ{Z{ Vrhr hmovo Am{U PmS>o VOob amhm bm Ë m wio XVhr hmovo. mohmoa bmjê mmm gw mambm 52:0:34 m amgm {ZH$ IVm~amo~aM Hw$ mb Z Am{U nmur hom OrdZ (30)

31 ~m{dñq>rz m Am fym Mr $dmaurhr hmoovo. Om ^im Zm Mm Jbm JX H$mim, Om ^yiga a J mdm åhuyz ~moam Z 0:0:50 Q>mH$VmV Am{U PmS>mda Air od$ Z o åhuyz gwê$dmvrbmm Am fy $dmavmv. Om ^io bmjë mz Va Xa AmR> {Xdgm Zr {H$Q>H$ZmeH$mMr hbh$s $dmaur H$amdr bmjvo. Vr Ho$br Zmhr Va PmS>mda AgVmZm M Om ^im Zm {H$S> bmjê mmm YmoH$m AgVmo. Ë m wio Ý wam Z ~m{dñq>rz, Hw$ mb Z mgmair Am fyo EgQ>rnr n nmìxmao $dmabr OmVmV. gmymaunuo ghmì m dfm nmgyz Om ^immo CËnmXZ gwê$ Pmbo AgyZ AmVm PmS>o 10 dfmªmr Pmbr AmhoV. EH$m PmS>mZo {H$ mz 50 {H$bmo CËnmXZ Úmdo m nõvrzo Am~m gmvd m Zr ~mjomo {Z mooz Ho$bo AgyZ g Ðr IVmMm dmna dmt>{dê mh$s>o Ë m Mm A{YH$ ^a d H$b Amho. g Ðr IVmÀ m dmnamzo Om ^imvrb JamMo à mu dmt>vo. H$mim a J OmñV JS>X hmovmo Am{U Om ^immm AmH$ma d {~«³gMo à mu dmty>z JmoS>rhr ovo. Om ^imvrb {~ mmm AmH$ma H$gm H$ r H$aVm ob b mñï>rzo Vo à ËZ H$arV AgyZ AË V bhmz AmH$mamMo ~r Agbobo Om ^yi gmns>bo Va Ë mnmgyz amono H$b o H$aÊ mmm Ë m Mm à ËZ Amho. Ë mñï>rzo {~ m Mo g H$bZhr Ë m Zr gwê$ Ho$boo AgyZ H$mhr Zg ar mbh$m Zm Ë m Zr Aem N>moQ>çm {~ mhr nwa{dë m AmhoV. Om ^io hr Iwn ZmOyH$ AgVmV. Ë m wio Ë m Mr ~momanor>ovn ªVMr dmhvyh$hr AË V ì dpñwvnuo d n H$s J H$ê$Z H$miOrnyd H$ H$amdr bmjvo. Ë mgmr>r ñdv:à m JmS>r YyZ mb ~momamv Ý mdm bmjvmo. Q >mýgnmoq> dmhvyh$ H$aUmè m H$S>o Om ^immo H $aoq> dm ~m ³gog XoD$Z O V Zmhr. Vo H$miOrnyd H$ dmhvyh$ H$aVrb mmr J a Q>r XoVm ov Zmhr. dmhvyh$sv AZoH$Xm mb H$gmhr o$h$bm OmVmo., AmnQ>bm OmVmo ho hr AmnU ~KVmo. Om ^imbm Ver dmjuyh$ XoD$Z O Uma Zmhr. nmoq>à m nmoamà muo Ë mmr {ZJm amimdr bmjvo ho lr. OJVmn m Mo åhuuo mdoir nq>vo {H$bmoMm H $aoq> ^aê mnojm Am ã mà m bmh$s>r noq>rv 17 Vo 18 {H$bmo Om ^io ^ê$z nwuo, w ~B, gmobmnya, h Ðm~mX, ~ JbmoaÀ m ~momanor>ov nmr>{dbr Va Vr OmñV ì dpñwv OmVmV. Mma {Xdg CÎm {Q>H$VmV. AmVm Mm Ï m dfu {H$ mz XmoZ Q>Z mb Var ~mjovyz {ZKmbm nm{hoo Aer Am~m Mr Anojm AgyZ Xadfu CËnmXZ dmt>v Omdo åhuyz ZdZdrZ V ÌmMm dmna H$aÊ mh$s>o Ë m Mm AmoT>m Amho. Ë mñï>rzo Xm gjim mb {ZKmë mz Va m {ÌH$ nõvrzo g nyu ~mjomr N>mQ>Ur H$aÊ mmm Ë m Mm mzg Amho. Om ^im~amo~am {MHy$ Am{U qmm m PmS>m Mrhr N>mQ>Ur ImbwZ d dê$z Am{U ~moyzohr H$ê$Z PmS>o $ma C M dmty> Úm Mr ZmhrV m nõvrmo {Z mooz Vo H$aUma AmhoV. AmOhr Am~m À m ~mjov PmS>mbm bmjbobr Om ^io PmS>mImbr C^o amhÿz hmvmzo VmoS>Vm ovmv. 'Om ^yi {nh$ë m PmS>mImbr, T>mob Am~m Mm dmovmo' Ago åhq>bo Va Vo dmdjo R>ê$ Z o. Am~m Zm eovrà m m H$m mv Ë m Mr nëzr gm. [azm gmvd m Mohr mor>o ghh$m Amho. B S>ñQ >rmm ì mn gm ^miyz Ë m eovrvhr ~mah$mb Zo bj XoVmV.eoVr Am{U B S>ñQ >r Am{U Ë mm~amo~a dmhvyh$smm Y Xm m gdmªmm oi Am~m gmvd m Zr CÎm nõvrzo gmyyz AënmdYrV X {Xß mz àjvr Ho$br Amho. Om ^irà m ~mjov lr.am~m d gm [azm gmvd (31) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

32 (32)

33 {ddoh$erb dmna d g mz nmur dmq>nmzom em VVm d {dh$mgmbm hmv^ma bmjob - A{Zb O Z OiJmd owrb O Z B[aJoeZMr mbh$s Agboë m d qgmz gm{hë {Z{ Vr Ü o àdv H$mMr ^y{ H$m ~Omdboë m à» mv ZmZXmZO Z m H $nzrbm 80 df} nyu hmod$z [VZo 81 ì m dfm V nxmn U Ho$bo Amho. hr eovrà m B{VhmgmV mzx S>mMr IwU mzmdr bmjob. m H $nzrzo 80 M Ð nm{hbo mmm AW [VZo 80 nmdgmio gmogbo. mvyz BñamB bà m ^y rzo Or g ÕVm OJ^a {Z m U Ho$br Vr OJmbm W³H$ H$aUmar Amho. Amnë mnmgyz M Ð Z³H$sM Xÿa Amho nu Aem H$V ËdmMo M Ð Ooìhm n Ïdrda AdVaVmV Voìhm Ë mmm A{^ mz dmqy>z mzd XZm Úmdrer dmq>vo. H $nzrà m H$V ËdmMm hm YmdVm AmboI lr. A{Zb O Z m À m ^mfumvyz Amnë mbm dmmm bm Z³H$sM AmdS>ob. (33)

34 O Z B[aJoeZÀ m BñÌmB b Yrb ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrà m ñwmnzobm 80 df} nwu Pmë m~ôb 9 o 2018 amoor VobAìhrd eham Ü o ^y Ü g wðmà m H$mR>r EH$ emzxma g ma ^ Pmbm. OwÝ m AmR>dUtZm COmim XoUmè m m g ma ^mv ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrà m CËH$fm Ü o ^ard mojxmz {Xboë m d ZdZdrZ g emoyz H$ê$Z {R>~H$ d Vwfma V ÌkmZmMo gm{hë ~Z{dUmè m ì p³v Mm H $nzrmo AÜ j d ì dñwmnh$s g MmbH$ lr. A{Zb O Z Am{U H $nzrmo g MmbH$ lr. A{OV O Z m À m ew^hñvo gëh$ma H$aÊ mv Ambm. màg Jr lr. A{Zb O Z m Zr Ho$bobo ho ^mfu... (lr ^dabmbor O Z) Agm mý` muyg! Ë`m À`mgmaIm muyg hm `m n Ïdrda eoh$s>mo dfm VyZ EH$XmM OÝ mbm `ovmo. Vo AJ«Ur hmovo Am{U Ë`mhrnojm Vo mzdvmdmxr hmovo. Ë`m Zr Aem {df`mda {dmma Ho$bm Vmo nu 30 Vo 40 dfmªnydu Omo Hw$Urhr Ë`mdoir Ho$bm ZìhVm. Ë`m ZrM Á`mH$mir H$moUrM ho eš` Amho Agm {dmma Ho$bm ZìhVm Ë`mdoir ^mavmv {R>~H$ qgmz AmUbo Am{U `mv Vo AJ«oga hmovo. nmur hom OrdZ Amho Am{U nmê`m{edm` AmnU OJyM eh$v Zmhr. AmnU Va gd doir nmur dm`m KmbdV AgVmo H$maU AmnU nmê`mmr qh$ V' bjmv KoV Zmhr. Amåhr nmê`mmm J admna H$aVmo, nmê`mmo àxyfu H$aVmo Am{U Vgo nm{hbo Va ho gjù`mv mor>o nmn Amho. Am À`m ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrmr ^y{ H$mM bmoh$m Zm nmê`mmr Iar qh$ V H$m` Amho Vo gm JUo hr Amho. nmur ho H$m hîdmmo Amho Am{U AmO Oar Zmhr Var CÚm nmur ho H$m OrdZ Amho? H$maU Oa AmnU nmê`mmm AmXa Ho$bm Zmhr Va Amnë`mbm CÚm Vo { iuma Zmhr. Voìhm AmnU gdmªzr nmê`mmm, Amnë`m CËnmXZm Mm Am{U V ÌkmZmMm AmXa Ho$bm nm{hoo Am{U Vo gm ^miyz dmnabo nm{hoo. Amåhr nmê`mmm dmna H$ r Ho$bm nm{hoo Am{U Ë`mgmR>r Amåhr H$m` à`ëz H$arVM AmhmoV. Amåhr nmur Cn^mo³Ë m n ªV `mo½` VèhoZo nmohmomdê`mgmr>r à`ëzerb AmhmoV. O Z H $nzr Am{U ZmZXmZO Z AmVm àvr {bq>a nmê`mmr CËnmXH$Vm {H$Vr Amho Am{U Vr H$er dmt>ob. mgmr>r à ËZ H$aVo Amho. nmê mbm H$mhr EH$ Am{W H$ yë Amho Am{U nmê mmr CËnmXH$Vm dmt>{dë m{edm IM d dmna H$ r hmouma Zmhr. Ë mñï>rzo Amnbr EH$ mor>r O~m~Xmar Amho H$s AmnU nmur hom OrdZ Amho ho AmoiIm bm hdo Am{U Ë mz VaM Am Mo ^{dî CÁÁdb Amho. { Ìm Zmo lr Om Z H $Zar EH$Xm Ago åhumbo hmovo Am{U r $º$ nmê`mnwavmm ~mobvmo. Vo åhumbo H$s Omo muyg nmê`mmm àý gmos>dvmo Ë`mbm XmoZ Zmo~ob nwañh$ma {Xbo nm{hoo - EH$ emó, n`m dau d V ÌkmZmgmR>r Am{U EH$ em VVogmR>r. H$moUr Agohr åhuob H$s nmê`mmm Am{U em VVoMm H$m` g ~ Y Amho nu nmur ho g Kf {Z m U H$aVo. ^mavmv nmê`mgmr>r bmoh$m Mr ^m S>Uo nu hmov AmhoV ho AmnU gd ~KVmoM Amho Am{U hr nm`ar Xwgè`m nm`arh$s>o ZoVo. OJmV AZoH$ Xoe nmê`mà`m {df`mdê$z g Kf H$aV AmhoV. nmê`m{edm` OrdZ eš` Zmhr. nmê`m{edm` AÞgwajm nu Zmhr Am{U hm g Kf dmt>vm OmUma. Am{ «$Ho$V Ago AZoH$ Xoe AmhoV Am{U CÎmaoÀmm JmobmY nmê`mà`m ~m~vrv g nþ Amho. åhuyzm Ë`m Zm nmê`mmr VodT>r H$miOr Zmhr. BVaÌ Ü`o` ho Amho H$s {OWo nmê`mmm dmna Am{U CnbãYVm `m Mr gm JS> KmbUo Oê$ar Amho. BVa JmobmYm Ü`o Á`m {R>H$mUr bmoh$g»`m OmñV Zmhr Aem {R>H$mUr gwõm ^{dî`mv nmê`mmr Bñam bpñwv ZmZXmZ m H $nzrmo 2007 Ü o O Z B[aJoeZZo A{YJ«hU Ho$bo m H$amamdoir O Z B[aJoeZMo g ñwmnh$ AÜ j S>m. ^dabmb O Z gmo~v S>mdrH$Sy>Z AemoH$ O Z, hb X ra, A Zm Z Am o$z, A{Zb O Z, ê$wr J brbr, ñ Xma ehmdrv, am {dxmz, S>oìhrS> ZmoE Am{U A breb gmxoh AmXr. nmur hom OrdZ (34)

35 ZmZXmZÀ m A{YJ«hU gmohù m {Z{ Îm O Z B[aJoeZMo g MmbH$, ghh$mar, ZmZXmZMo ghh$mar d O Z n[admamvrb gxñ. JaO ^mgob H$maU {VWoM bmoh$g»`omr dmt> hmob b. `m wio ho AmìhmZ ZmZXmZO ZgmR>r EH$ g YrM Amho. Amåhr bmoh$m gmo~v H$m H$go H$amdo, g yhm Ü`o H$go H$m H$amdo, Xoem gmo~v Amåhr H$go H$m H$amdo Am{U g nyu OmJ{VH$ AÞ àumbr H$m` j [aë`m H$er Mmbdm`Mr Á`m Ûmao nmur ho H$m` j [aë`m H$go dmnabo OmB b Am{U Ë`m wio CËnmXH$Vm dmt>ob. Ë`m wio AmnU {Q>Hy$Z amhÿ nu nmê`mmo dmq>n g mz ìhm`bm hdo. nmê`mmm dmna {ddoh$erbnuo ìhmdm Am{U J g mz nmê`mmo dmq>n Ho$ë`mZ VaM em VVm amhrb. em VVo{edm` AmnU AmZ XmZo OrdZ OJy eh$v Zmhr. åhuyzm ZmZXmZO ZMr ^{dî`mvrb ^y{ H$m hr V ÌkmZmMm dmna H$ê$Uogmo~VM Ho$bm nm{hoo. Amnbm Ñï>rH$moZ Agm hdm H$s õx`mv ghmzw^yvr R>odm`Mr. Oa H$m AmnU Ago Ho$bo VaM g nyu mzdomvrgmr>r Amåhr CÎm ^{dî` {Z m U Ho$bo Ago bm dmq>vo. { Ìm Zmo, Ogo AmnU ho Mm Jbo H$m H$ê$ Am{U ZmZXmZO Z ho H$m Joë`m 80 dfmªnmgyz H$arV Amho Am{U mpr ImÌr Amho H$s Ago AZoH$ XeHo$ qh$dm evh$m n`ªv MmbV amhrb. bm `m H $nzr~ôb, CËnmXZm ~XXb, bmoh$m ~Ôb Am{U V ÌkmZm~Ôb {dœmg Amho. Oa AmnU em VVm Am{U V ÌkmZ EH$Ì AmUbo Var Amnë`mbm Zmo~ob { iob Ago Zmhr. H$maU H $nzrgmr>r gjù`mv hëdmmo ~jrg H$m` Amho? mâ`m d{s>b Ogo åhuv H$s Amnë`m H $nzrgmr>r eovh$è`m Mo hmñ` hom gjù`mv moç>o ~jrg Amho. eovh$è`mà`m Mohè`mda hmñ` w$bvo Ooìhm eovr CÎm MmbVo, Ë`mMo nrh$ CËnmXZ dmt>vo, Ë`mbm Mma n go { ivmv Am{U Vmo lr V hmovmo. Ooìhm Vmo lr V hmovmo VoìhmM Vmo eovo rz ZmZXmZO Z m H $nzrmm g nyu mbh$s h³h$ 2012 Ü o O Z B[aJoeZZo { i{dbm. m H$amamdoir H$mJnÌm Mo AmXmZ-àXmZ H$aVm Zm lr. A{Zb O Z d mozr {ebmo gmo~v O Z B[aJoeZ d ZmZXmZO ZMo g MmbH$ S>i d BVa mý da. (35) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

36 Mm Jbr R>odVmo. Vmo mvrer OmoS>bobm Amho Am{U O Z åhuoo H$m`? O Z åhuoo g nyu AÞ àumbr, n`m dau {OWo n ÏdrMr VËdo hdm, O rz, nmur, gy` Am{U bmjds>, ~mj d {hadmb `m Mo { lu Amho. hr n ÏdrMr nmm ybvëdo AmhoV. Amnë`mbm Aer ImÌr H$am`Mr Amho H$s øm VËdmV gwg dmx amhrb Am{U AmnU Vo H$m H$ê$ eh$vmo. H $nzrgwõm VoM H$aÊ`mV gj Amho. nmê`mà`m~ôb H $nzr Cnm` gwmdvo Am{U CËnmXH$VoMr A{Ve` Cƒ H$m` j Vm { idvm `ovo. `m Cnm`mV Xdê$n IVo dmnavmv Am{U agm`zo O{ ZrV OmV ZmhrV. `m nõvrzo g Ðr` AÞ àumbr {Z m U hmovo Am{U Ë`m wio nrh$mv W S>nUm amhvmo. Ë`m wio hdmnu ewõ hmovo. H $nzrzo {nh$m gmr>r H$mhr ÐmdUo V`ma Ho$br AmhoV H$s Vr H$sQ>H$ZmeH$m Mm dmna H$ r H$aVmV. H $nzr Am{U {VMr CËnmXZo g nyu n ÏdrV gwg dmx amivrb Am{U Vgo Oa KS>bo Va eovh$ar hm {H$~wËP Yrb amhumè`m bmoh$m nojm gdm V AmZ Xr muyg Agob. bm ImÌr Amho H$s Vw À`mn H$s ~hÿvoh$ gd eovrer Owibobo AmhoV Am{U Amnbo H$V ì` Am{U O~m~Xmar hr Amho H$s eovh$è`mmo hmñ` H$m` amhrb. AmnU nwt>o OmD$M Am{U Vo g nyu OJmgmR>r C mdb ^{dî`mmr ImÌr XoVo. { Ìm Zmo, mjrb 80 dfmªnmgyz AmnU H$m H$aV AmhmV Am{U AmO Amåhr H$moR>o AmhmoV? H$ï>mMm dmagm Am À`mOdi AgVmo Am{U VmoM CÚm Am À`m~amo~a Amåhr H$moR>o Agy {VWo Agob. Ooìhm Vwåhr nwt>rb 20 df}, 40 df} `m Mm {dmma H$aVmV Am{U Am{W H$ Vmio~ XmVrb hmoh$mamë H$ Am{U ZH$mamË H$ ~moy Mm boimomoim m S>VmV Voìhm r mjrb 80 dfm V H$m` H$m Ho$bo Am{U bm H$m` CËnÞ { imbo d r H$m` J mdbo ho H$iVo. mâ`m {dmmamzwgma ZmZXmZO Z EH$m XmoZ w»` añë`m Zm OmoS>Umè m AmS>ì`m añë`mnmer nmohmombr Amho Am{U {VMr àjvr Mm Jbr Pmbr Amho. EH$m diu q~xynmer Vr Amho {OWo dmt>rà`m Iyn g Yr AmhoV Am{U àm S> à mumv Vm {ÌH$ Zm{dÝ`, CÎm ghh$mar Am{U OJ^amV EH$ CÎm ~«±S> Amho. H $nzrbm Iyn Am{W H$ $m`úmmr g Yr Amho. Ooìhm Ago hmob b, VoìhmM Vwåhr `eñdr ìhmb. nu Ooìhm Vwåhr H$mhr MwH$sMr nmdbo CMbVm, MwH$sMo {ZU ` KoVm Am{U MwH$sMo diu KoVm Voìhm Vwåhr AmÎmmn`ªV { idbobo `e Zï> hmovo. Am Mr ImÌr Amho H$s ZmZXmZO ZZo Or `eñdr 80 df àjvr Ho$br Vr AOyZ àjvr H$aob. A Zm Z Am o$z A{Zb O Z A{OV O Z BñamB b Yrb O Z B[aJoeZÀ m ZmZXmZO Z m H $nzrbm ZwH$VrM 80 df} nyu Pmë m~ôb H $nzrà m CËH$fm gmr>r mobmmm hmv^ma bmdboë m AmOr mor ghh$mè m Mm lr. A{Zb O Z d lr. A{OV O Z m À m ew^hñvo gëh$ma H$aÊ mv Ambm. nmur hom OrdZ (36)

37 mpo ds>rb Am{U H $nzrmo lõo` g ñwmnh$ AÜ`j ^dabmbor O Z `m Mm EH$ g Xoe AmnU bjmv KoVbm nm{hoo. Vmo åhuoo O ZÀ`m OmJ{VH$ ghh$mè`m Mo Oo Hw$Qw> ~ Amho Ë`m Zm n í`m EodOr CnH«$ mmm dmagm {Xbobm Amho. `m wio $º$ Z $m ho EH$ od C{Ôï> ZgVo Va yë`d Õr H$aUo ho XoIrb Amho. H$m hrm nyom Aem VËdmZwgma Ho$bobo H$ï>mMo OrdZ OJmdo. Ë`m wio g nîmrmr {Z{ Vr hmovo. Amåhr H$ï>mMo H$m H$aUo gwê$m R>ody. H$maU $mam H$ r OU B{Vhmg ~ZdVmV. ho XmoZ Q> o$ Agbobo bmoh$m Ago AgVmV H$s Vo OJmMo ZoV Ëd H$aVmV Am{U g ñ`m da Cnm` emoyvmv. Cabobo 98 Q> o$ bmoh$ $º$ Ë`m Mo AZwH$aU H$aVmV. bm ImÌr Amho H$s ZmZXmZO Z, Ë`m Mo ghh$mar, Am Mo S>rbg, Am Mo J«mhH$ ho gd Ë`m XmoZ Q>³³ m Yrb AmhoV Oo ^{dî`mv ZoV Ëd H$aVrb Am{U Jm admà`m EodOr O~m~XmarMm dmagm g W nuo nobvrb. Ooìhm AmnU CÎm H$m H$aVmo Voìhm AmnU H$m` H«$ mv AmZ Xr amhÿ eh$vmo Am{U Voìhm `e d nwañh$ma { ivmv. AmnU VoìhmgwÕm O~m~Xma amhrbo nm{hoo. AmnU n ÏdrgmR>r O~m~Xma amhrbo nm{hoo, nwt>rb {nt>rgmr>r AmnU OJ^amVrb AÞ àumbr d eovr nõvrgmr>r O~m~Xma Agbo nm{hoo. ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrmo ghh$mar åhuyz AmnU CËàoaH$mMo H$m H$ê$. CËàoaH$ ~XbmMm à{v{zyr Amho Am{U AmnU gh$mamë H$ ~Xb AmUUmè`m ~Xbm Mo à{v{zyr ìhm`bm hdo. Amåhr AJ«XyV AmhmoV Oo Mm Jbr ~mv r AmUVmV. ho eš` Amho Am{U AmO, CÚm d 30 qh$dm 50 dfmªz Va gwõm ho eš` Amho H$s OJ ho A{YH$ Mm Jbo Agob. YÝ`dmX. ñ mxa ehmdrv am {dxmz hmoxm ½bmQ> ê$wr J brbr Adr BbmZ {PH$s Jb B{b mhÿ am hb X ra B[aH$ {e $arg ZmXd ~oz Aar moam emo a Aham Z { brh$m A rb gmxoh S>oìhrS> ZmoE AdZoa h m}zr BpËPH$ J Q> (37) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

38 "ZmZXmZO Z' The first Israeli sprinkler sees the light of day with the development and manufacture of twoarm 3/4 rotary sprinklers. Field service is established, headed by Jacob Shapir, with the aim of training farmers in Israel and abroad in the proper use of sprinklers for irrigation. A quality control system is established Naan is one of the first industries in Israel to do so /4 and metal impact sprinklers for field irrigation. 223, 323, 333, ½ and ¾ metal sprinklers. A major milestone because plastic parts are integrated for the first time. The 268 the first 2 giant metal sprinkler. MiniKat a moving irrigation system for sports fields is introduced. Kat-Naan is introduced for field irrigation. The 5022 sprinkler for efficient field irrigation, contributing greatly to crop quality and having a great impact on the irrigation industry. Pop star an innovative gear-driven, pop-up sprinkler with an arc memory of Paz an innovative flat dripper for thin-wall pipes. The 5024 sprinkler is added for efficient orchard irrigation. (38) Naan Irrigation merges with Dan Sprinklers, broadening the product range and knowledge in micro-irrigation.

39 Mm 80 dfm Mm àdmg Xe {dumar The first israeli dripper is developed and manufactured by screwing Blue Heart and Red Heart drippers into a metal or plastic pipe. Irrigation solution for greenhouses, hothouse tunnels and orchards. The world's first Turbulent Flow Path dripper was patented and launched. The 710 mini - sprinkler, sprayer and fogger are a multipurpose micro-irrigation station for greenhouses, tunnels, orchards and gardens. The base of Hadar 7110, a transition from mobile irrigation to fixed irrigation Chapin - The world's first thin walled drip tape. Manufactured from high-quality polyethylene with unique turboline flow path. Sprinkler 501 a turbo plastic impact sprinkler for stationary and movable irrigation in orchards and fields. Pop-up sprinklers are manufactured for gardens. The Super-Fogger is introduced the ideal solution for climate control and greenhouse fogging systems. The Cascade Labyrinth is a ground breaking innovation in drip irrigation. Amnon Drip a pressure- compensating (PC) dripper with non-leaking & anti-syphon mechanisms. Proprietary SD (Super Diffuser) hammer is introduced for impact sprinklers 5022, 5024, 6025,6024, 6004 and 5035 (patented) to improve water diffusion Opal A silicone motion-controller plastic sprinkler for fields and orchards NaanDan Irrigation merges with Jain, India. (39) TopDrip a small pressure compensating (PC) dripper with an anti-syphon mechanism.

40 N>m m{mìo Eò±{ÉxÉÉ EòhÉÉ{É úò. ÉÀÉÆb ÉSÉÉ Éänù Eò úò. The 5035, 533 plastic sprinkler family for full- and part-circle irrigation. Kibbutz Naan developed the first water reclaiming reservoir in Israel. NaanPC - A dripline with integral regulated drippers is introduced a market first! NaanTif - First Turbulent FlowCylindrical Inline dripper with patented manufacturing process for inserting drippers into the drip pipes during extrusion. The 255 and 268 part-circle sprinklers join the family of giant metal sprinklers for full- and partcircle irrigation. The 805, 809 line of innovative pop-up sprinklers is developed for gardens. Smart Jet is introduced an innovative, pressure-compensating sprinkler for efficient orchard irrigation. Magic Drive plastic sprinkler with silicone motion controller combined magnets, vibration free. A new family of products for LandScape (public, municipal and private) is added to NaanDanJain's arsenal of solutions The Jain Corporation becomes the sole owners of NaanDanJain Irrigation. A unique spraying system (CCS) is developed for foliar treatment of orchards. (40) Jain Logic - Precision agriculture, from soil moisture monitoring to evapotranspiration forecasting and irrigation and fertigation scheduling, the only software farmers need to achieve higer crop yields.

41 AmYw{ZH$ d hm Q>oH$ eovrà m joìmv Á m {R>~H$ d Vwfma qgmzmzo H«$m Vr Ho$br Am{U OJmbm eovrmr ZdrZ nhmq> XmI{dbr Ë m {R>~H$ Am{U Vwfma qgmzmmm àw emoy ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrzo bmdbobm Amho. ho Amnë m H$Yrhr {dgavm ouma Zmhr. {R>~H$ d Vwfma qgmzm wio H$ r nmê mv A{YH$m{YH$ CËnmXH$Vm dmty> eh$br Amho. Ë m wio ho V ÌkmZ hm AmVm OJmMm nadbrmm eãx Pmbm Amho. m nwt>rb H$mimV g nyu OJmbm eovrà m joìmv Oo H$mhr wb^yv d H«$m VrH$mar ~Xb H$amdo bmjvrb Ë mv V ÌkmZmMm gh^mj Zoh rm mor>m amhuma Amho. "ZmZXmZO Z' Mr (41)

42 BñamB b Yrb H ${fàxe Z eovrà m joìmv {dh$mgmmr Zdr {Xem XmI{dUmam Xoe åhuyz OJmVbm eovh$ar mor>çm AmeoZo BñamB bh$s>o nmhmv Ambm Amho. {deofv: mjrb 30 dfm V åhuoo 1993 nmgyz ^mavmvbm d Ë mvhr àm w» mzo hmamîq >mvbm eovh$ar BñamB bà m eovrnmgyz ~aom H$mhr {eh$bm Vo O Z B[aJoeZ H $nzrzo VoWyZ 1987 Ü o àw AmUboë m {R>~H$ qgmz V ÌkmZm wio. ^mavmbm m V ÌkmZm wio eovr-nmur m {df mv Or H$mhr ^akmog àjvr H$aVm Ambr Ë mmr gmozoar nhmq> O Z B[aJoeZMo g ñwmnh$ AÜ j H $. ^dabmbor O Z m À m wio nmhvm Ambr. Ë m Zr AmUboë m d owo Amnë m JaOoZwgma {dh$grv Ho$boë m {R>~H$eoVrÀ m joìmv bjur àjvr Ho$bobm Xoe åhuyz BñamB bmo Zmd OJ^a KoVbo OmVo. Xa VrZ dfmªzr BñamB b Ü o "A J«rQ>oH$' m ZmdmZo H $fr àxe Z ^avo. ZwH$VoM ho àxe Z VobAdrd ehamv g nþ Pmbo. OiJmdÀ m O Z B[aJoeZ H $nzrmm w» d mor>m gh^mj Agbobo ho àxe Z åhuoo ZdrZ V ÌkmZmMr bmoh$m Zm m{hvr H$éZ KoÊ mmr mor>r nd UrM hmovr. eovr, nmur, eov mb à{h«$ m, $bmoúmz d VËg nyah$ CÚmoJmg ~ Yr Zì mzo {dh$grv Ho$boë m V ÌkmZmMr m S>Ur H$éZ àmë m{jh$m YyZ {dh$mg d CÞVrMr {Xem XmI{dUmè m m àxe ZmMm hm YmdVm AmT>mdm. Vwfma qgmzm wio XoemMm d Ë mvhr àm w» mzo hmamï >, H$Zm Q>H$, JwOamV, amoñwmz, Ü àxoe, Am Y«àXoe m amá mvrb eovrmm Moham moham ~Xby eh$bm Amho Ü o n{hë m Xm hmamï >mvyz 750 eovh$ar 'A J«rQ>oH$' àxe Z nmhê mgmr>r BñamB bbm Jobo hmovo. VËH$m{bZ w» Ìr lr.eaxamd ndma m À m ZoV ËdmImbr EH$ mor>o {eï> S>ihr Voìhm m àxe ZmgmR>r Jobo hmovo. Voìhm nmgyz ho àxe Z nmhê mmr A{Zdma BÀN>m eovh$è m À m ZmV CËnÞ Pmbr Vr AmOhr H$m Amho. mdfuhr hmamï >mvyz Odinmg 1000 eovh$ar ho àxe Z nmhê mgmr>r BñamB bbm Jobo hmovo. Xoe^amV Odinmg 25 Vo 30 homa bmoh$m Zr m àxe Zmbm ^oq> nmur hom OrdZ (42)

43 {Xbr. X. Am{ «$H$m Am{U X. Am{e mb I S>mVrb MrZ, bo{e m, OnmZ, H$mo[a m, Wm b S> owyzhr mor m g» ozo bmoh$ Ambo hmovo. OJmVrb AZoH$ Zm d V H $ný m Zr m àxe ZmV Amnbo ñq>m ëg C^mabo hmovo. {dh$grv Xoem Ü o eovrv H$m H$aÊ mgmr>r nwaogo Zwî ~i Zgë m wio ~hþvm e H$m o m {ÌH$ nõvrzo H$amdr bmjvmv. mgmr>r bmjumar Ìo AZoH$ H $ný m Zr {dh$grv Ho$br AmhoV. àxe ZmV w» Ëdo Q > ³Q>ada MmbUmar Am fy $dmaur Ìo, PmS>m Mr N>mQ>Ur d H$mnUr H$aUmar Ìo, $io VmoS>Umar Ìo, eovmvbm mb H$mTy>Z EHo$ {R>H$mUr Jmoim H$aUmar Ìo, mbmmr AmH$mamZwgma àvdmar H$aUmar Ìo, mbmda à{h«$ m H$aUmar Ìo, eovmvbr Am Va emjvrmr H$m o H$aUmar Ìo S >mozûmao gd}ju d Am fy $dmaur mmr m S>Ur H$aÊ mv Ambr hmovr. O Z B[aJoeZ H $nzrzo m àxe ZmV XmoZ mor>o ñq>m ëg bmdbo hmovo. H $nzrmo CnmÜ j d ì dñwmnh$s g MmbH$ lr. A{Zb O Z Am{U gh-ì dñwmnh$s g MmbH$ lr. A{Zb O Z Am{U H $nzrmo d[að> A{YH$mar àxe Zmbm ^oq> XoUmè m Mo ñdmjv H$éZ Ë m Zm Vm {ÌH$ m{hvr XoV hmovo. H $nzrzo qgmzmgmr>r A Q>mo oezmo V ÌkmZ A{Ve CÎm nõvrzo Zì mzo {dh$grv Ho$bo AgyZ Ë mmo àmë {jh$ m {R>H$mUr XmI{dÊ mv ov hmovo. m A Q>mo oez Ü o dm $m Mo ZoQ>d{Hª$J Ho$bo AgyZ df ^ammm àmoj«v ma Ho$ë mg Kar ~gyz [a moq> H $Q >mobà m ghmæ mzo qh$dm mo~mb bdézhr hr nõvr Mmb{dVm ob b. H$moëhmnya, gm Jbr, gmobmnwa Yrb AZoH$ Cngm ObqgMZ moozm m A Q>mo oezda gü m Mmb{dÊ mv ov AgyZ m V ÌkmZm wio AZoH$ Jmdm Mm Moham moham ~Xbbm Amho. qgmzmgmr>r bmjumar dro ghonuo {Z { V d nwaoem Xm~mZo CnbãY hmov Zgë m wio O Z B[aJoeZZo ZdrZ H $fr gm a n n V ma Ho$bo AgyZ Ë mmo àmë {jh$hr VoWo R>odbo hmovo. m XmoZ ZdrZ g emoyzm ~amo~am ZdrZ hm Q>oH$ âb Q> S >rna bmb Z, Á m Ü o nrgr Am{U Zm Z nrgr Ago XmoZ àh$ma AmhoV. Ë mmohr Z wzo àxe ZmV m S>bo hmovo. ho H $nzrmo ZdrZM CËnmXZ d g emoyz Amho. O Z B[aJoeZZo EH$m ñq>m bda OJmV H $nzrà m Hw$R>o Hw$R>o $³Q>è m AmhoV Am { $gog AmhoV, S>rbaMo ZoQ>dH $ Amho Ë mg ~ YrMr m{hvr bmdbr hmovr. {edm H $nzrmr Or gd CËnmXZo AmhoV Ë mmr m{hvr XoUmao d Vo dmnam Mo H$go m~m~vmo V Ì gm JUmao mor>o ñh«$sz (ns>xo) bmdê mv Ambo hmovo. BñamB b Yrb {H$~wËP ZmZZo 1937 gmbr ZmZ B[aJoeZ m ZmdmMr H $nzr gwé Ho$br hmovr Va 1970 Ü o XmZ pñà H$ba h[a mummo w» Ìr lr. Zmohabmb IÅ>a, H $Ðr H $framá Ìr lr. nwê$fmoëv ê$nmbm, CËVamI S>Mo H $fr Ìr gw~moy CZr mb, hmamï >mmo H $fr Ìr lr. nm Sw>a J w $S>H$a Am{U A{Zb O Z ho àxe ZmVrb O Z B[aJoeZÀ m ñq>m bmo CX²KmQ>Z H$aVm Zm eoomar g O ^ S>mar, {Xbrn gm Ibm d AÝ mý da. (43) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

44 `m g_ma ^mà`m {Z{_ÎmmZo _r ZmZXmZO Z H $nzrgmr>r gw`e qm{vvmo. hr ^mavr` H $nzr BWo Bòm`c_Ü`o d gd OJ^a ^a^amq>rg `ov Amho `mmm _cm A{^_mZ dmq>vmo. _r Ë`m Zm d O Z n[admamcm IynIyn ew^oàn>m XoVmo d Ë`m À`m AmXam{VÏ`mgmR>r Ë`m Mo Am^ma _mzvmo. eovr Am{U qgmz joìmv Ë`m Mr H $nzr H$arV Agcoë`m `mojxmzm_wio Ho$di ^mavmvrcm Zìho Va gmè`m OJmVrc N>moQ>çm d _mor>çm eovh$è`m Zm `m AmYw{ZH$ V ÌkmZmMm cm^ {_iv Amho. Amnë`m gdmªmo Am^ma d AmnUm gdmªzm IynIyn ew^oàn>m! - lr. nwê$fmoëv ê$nmbm H $Ðr H $framá Ìr AmOH$mc AmnU dmmvmo-eoh$vmo H$s nmurq> MmB Mm _mor>m àíz OJmcm cdh$am ^os>gmduma Amho. Aemdoir `m àízmda VmoS>Jm H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r ZmZXmZO Z hr H $nzr H$m av Amho. qgmz Am{U {deofv: gyú_qgmz joìmv Vo AË` V CÎm_ H$m` H$arV AmhoV; Á`m_wio nmê`mmr ~MV hmod$z nmê`mdê$z hmoumè`m PJS>çm nmgyz d `wõm nmgyz AmnU gd dmmdco OmD$. eovr d g_momgmr>r Vo H$arV Agcoë`m `m AË` V CXmÎm H$m`m gmr>r _r `m H$nZrMo A{^Z XZ H$ê$Z Ë`m Zm Iyn Iyn ew^oàn>m XoVmo. - lr. Zmohabmb IÅ>a w» Ìr h[a mum amá m ZmdmMr EH$ H $nzr BñamB b Ü o gwé Pmbr hmovr. m XmoÝhr H $ný m Mo 2001 Ü o EH$ÌrH$aU Pmbo Am{U H $nzrmo Zmd 'ZmZXmZ' Ago Pmbo Ü o O Z B[aJoeZZo m 'ZmZXmZ' H $nzrmm 50 Q> o$ dmq>m IaoXr Ho$bm Am{U 2012 Ü o e ^a Q> o$ {hñgm IaoXr Ho$bm. AmVm H $nzrmr nyu mbh$s O Z B[aJoeZMr AgyZ H $nzrmo Zm H$aU 'ZmZXmZ O Z' Ago Pmbo Amho. m H $nzrbm 80 df} nyu Pmë m~ôb Ë m g ~ {YMr gd m{hvr XoUmao $moq>mo «o$ Mo àxe Z m{r>h$mur bmdê mv Ambo hmovo. m ZmZXmZ H $nzrzo n{hbm {R>~H$ g M (S >rna) d n{hë m pñà H$ba ( $dmam) V ma Ho$bm hmovm. H $nzrzo ho gd g emoyz H$go Ho$bo, H$moUH$moUVr CËnmXZo ~Z{dbr, m H$m mv Hw$UmHw$UmMm gh^mj hmovm Am{U {H$~wËP Ü o bmoh$ EH${ÌVnUo H$go H$m H$arV hmovo ho gm JUmar hr gd N>m m{mìo mor>r ~mobh$s d gdmªmo bj doyyz KoUmar hmovr. O Z B[aJoeZ H $nzrzo Oo ñq>m b C^mabo hmovo Ë mbm hmamîq >mmo H $fr Ìr nm Sw>a J w $S>H$a, AÝZ d ZmJar nwadr>m Ìr {Jare ~mnq>, H $fr amá Ìr gxm^md$ ImoV, h[a mummo w» Ìr Zmohabmb IÅ>a, {h mmbmo ww» Ìr O am R>mHy$a, H $Ðr H $fr amá Ìr nwéfmoîm énmbm, CÎmamI S>Mo H $fr Ìr gw~moy CZr mb mgma» m mý dam Zr ^oq> {Xbr. A J«moQ>oH$ 2018 àxezm V gh^mjr ZmZXmZO Z d O Z B[aJoeZMo ghh$mar. nmur hom OrdZ (44)

45 O Z B[aJoeZÀ m ñq>m bbm H $Ðr dmhvyh$ d Obg gmyz Ìr lr. {ZVrZ JS>H$ar m À m nëzr gm. H$m MZ JS>H$ar d Ë m À m g dov ZmJnyahÿZ Amboë m {hbm Zr ^oq> {Xbr Ë m Mo A{OV O Z m Zr ñdmjv Ho$bo. mvrvrb m B íma mooumao ZdrZ Q>oÝemo{ Q>a Mma H $ný m Zr ~Z{dbo AgyZ Ë m Mohr ñq>m ëg àxe ZmV hmovo. mvrmr JwUdÎmm VnmgUmar hr {eýg Am{U Ë mgmr>r bmjumao A nhr m H $ný m Zr V ma Ho$bo Amho. ~H$mam H $nzrzo ZdrZ ${Q> bmµ Pa B Oo³eZ {ez V ma Ho$bo Amho. ßb pñq>h$mm dmna Ho$bobo A Q>mo {Q>H$ g³ez { $ëq>a, N>moQ>çm AmH$mamMo àoea S >rna, ZdrZ H $Q >moba, N>moQ>o m H«$mo pñà H$ba, { Zr pñà H$ba ho hr àxe ZmV H$mhr H $ný m Zr m S>bo hmovo. XÿYmnmgyZ dojdojio nxmw ~Z{dUmao {ez, J«rZhmD$ggmR>r dmnabo OmUmao gm{hë CXm. Omir, ßb pñq>h$, H$mJX, CËnmXZmgmR>r mü åhuyz dmnabo OmUmao H$moH$monrQ>, pëm J gm{hë d AÝ gm{hë, ZdZdrZ Ðdén IVo, H$sQ>H$ZmeHo$ m Mo ñq>m ëg àxe ZmV m S>bo hmovo. hm S >monmo{z³g nõvrzo OZmdam gmr>r bmjumè m {haì m Mmè m~amo~am mugm Zm ImÊ mgmr>r bmjumam ^mornmbm CXm. Moar Q>mo Q>mo, ~«moh$mobr, H$mo~r, g bos> Ü o dmnabr OmUmar {hadr nmzo m Mo CËnmXZ H$go KoVm ovo mmo àmë {jh$ XmI{dbo hmovo. mor> mor>çm Hw $S>çm Ü o dmb S>dm, Q>r, qh$dm BVa nõvrzo ÐmjmMo dob H$go dmt>dyz Vmam À m davr nga{dvm ovmv ho XmI{dbo hmovo.zmzxmzo Z H $nzrmm 80 dfm Vrb àdmg $moq>mo «o$ À m mü mvyz owo C^maÊ mv Ambm hmovm. bmoh$ AmdOy Z ho OwZo $moq>mo mor>çm Hw$VyhbmZo nmhÿz H $nzrmm AmOn ªVMm gjim àdmg g OyZ KoV hmovo. m $moq>m À m mü mvyz {R>~H$ Am{U $dmam qgmz nõvrà m g emoyzmmm ~amm CbJS>m hmoê mg XV Pmbr Ü o ñwmnz Pmboë m ZmZXmZ H $nzrzo gwú qgmzmgmr>r bmjumè m gm{hë mmo Ho$di g emoyz Ho$bo Ago Zmhr Va XO}Xma nõvrzo mb ~ZdyZ Vmo OJ^a J«mhH$m Zm CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbm Am{U m V ÌkmZmMm mor>m àgma H$ê$Z Vo bmoh$m Ü o bmoh${à hr Ho$bo. hm gjim àdmg AË V amo m MH$mar, Zm{dÝ nyu d ^mdr H$mimV AmnU H$go H$m H$amdo m g ~ {YMo {Xem {X½Xe Z H$aUmam hmovm. Ë m wio bmoh$hr AmdOy Z m $moq>m Mr ~mah$mb Zo nmhur H$ê$Z nmhur H$aV hmovo. H $. ^md$gmho~ w $S>H$a m Zm lõm Obr hmamï >mmo H $fr Ìr m.zm. lr. nm Sw>a J C $ ^md$gmho~ w $S>H$a m Mo ZwH$VoM Xþ:IX {ZYZ Pmbo. ^mavr OZVm njmmo mor àxoemü j Agboë m ^md$gmho~m Zr emgzm Ü o AZoH$ mzmmr nxo ^yf{dbr hmovr. {dymzn[afxov {damoyrnj ZoVo åhuyzhr Ë m Zr à^mdrnuo H$m Ho$bo hmovo. nwdu AË V AmH«$ H$ Agbobo ^md$gmho~ hëbr ñd^mdmzo H$mhrgo em V d A~mob Pmbo hmovo. gd gm mý m À m d eovh$è m À m àízm gmr>r Ë m Zr gah$mabm AZoH$ doim Ymaoda Yê$Z Ë mgmr>r Am XmobZohr Ho$br hmovr. ZwH$VmM O Z {hëgda S>m. Amßnmgmho~ ndma CÀMV Ì nwañh$ma àxmz g ma ^ g nýz Pmbm. m g ma ^mh$arvm ^md$gmho~ w$s>h$a à wi nmhÿuo åhuyz CnpñWV hmovo. Ë m À m m AmH$pñ V {ZYZm wio hmamï >mmr mor>r hmzr Pmbr Amho. O Z B[aJoeZ H $nzr Ë m À m Hw$Qw> {~ m À m Xw:ImV gh^mjr AgyZ Amåhr H $nzrà m dvrzo Ë m À m AmËå mbm gxjvr bm^mo Aer àmw Zm H$aVmo. (45) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

46 dmxij«ñv ~mjm Mr o$ac^maur Ho$.~r. nmq>rb d[að> Ho$ir {nh$ Vk O Z B[aJoeZ {gpñq>åg {b. nmur hom OrdZ (46)

47 Ho$irMo nrh$ Xa XmoZ dfmªzr Hw$R>ë mzm Hw$R>ë m AS>MUrV gmns>v AgVo Am{U Ho$ir ~mjm VXmam Mr X N>mH$ hmovo. na Vw ho nrh$ Am{W H$ ÑîQ>çm A{Ve hëdmmo Agë mzo Am{U emídv {dh$mgmmo à{vh$ Agë m H$maUm wio Ho$ir {nh$mmr H$miOr KoUo H«$ àmá Amho. dmvmdau ~Xb Am{U ½bmo~b dm vj À m VkmZo 2010 gmbr {bg~z, nmovw JrO Ü o Pmboë m A Vaamï >r $bmoënmxz n[afxov ho {dfx Ho$bo hmovo H$s dmvmdau ~Xbm wio gwgmq>çmmo dmao, dmxi, JmanrQ>, Iwn OmñV à mumv nmd$g qh$dm XþîH$mi, h Jm ~Xb åhuoo CÝhmù mv W S>r, {hdmù mv nmd$g Am{U nmdgmù mv H$S>H$ CÝhmim ~ $ {dviyz nwa ouo Ago KS>Uma Am{U Ë mmm {dnarv n[aum eovrda hmouma. mmr à{mvr AmnUmg {XZm H$ 2 OwZ bm Ho$èhmim, AhradmS>r, ^moh$ar, AQ>dmS>m, dmkmoxm, XgZwa, qz^moam m Ho$ir CËnmXH$ Jmdm Ü o Am{U {X. 6 OwZ amoor ~èhmunwa {OëømVrb bmour, ZmMZIoS>m, {eagmoxm, Xmnmoam, Mmnmoam, ehmnwa, ^mq>ios>m Am{U OiJm d {OëømVrb A Vwbu, nmvm S>r, ~obgdms>r Ë mmà muo [n àrn M, BÀN>mnwa, XþB gwh$ir m Jmdm Ü o mor>çm à mumv dmxi Ambo. gmymau 100 Vo 120 {H$. r. Vmer dojmzo dmao dmhv hmovo. Ë mv MH«$s dmxihr hmovo Am{U EH$ Vmgm Ü o {ZgdUr nyu Z Pmboë m H$mnUrda Agboë m Aem gd M ~mjm nyu numzo H$mogië m, CÜdñV Pmë m. O rz XmoñV Pmë m Am{U EH$$ Vo XmoZ {hý m Ü o hmvmv nyu numzo n gm XoUmè m ~hþvm e ~mjm Mo 90 Vo 100 Q> o$ ZwH$gmZ Pmbo. ZmMZIoS>m, Vm. {O. ~èhmunwa owrb lr. em Vmam {edam Mm Yar m À m 75 df} d mà m AZw^dmZwgma EdT>çm mor>çm à mumv ZwH$gmZ Pmë mmo H$Yr ~{KVbo ZìhVo Ago Ë m Mo V Amho. mnydu gwõm 2006, 2010, 2012 Ago AZoH$ doim dmam dmxi d JmanrQ> Pmbr. na Vw Ë mdoiog EH$ XmoZ Jmdm Ü o ZwH$gmZ Pmbo Va H$mhr ~mjm Ü o 25 Vo 50% Am{U H$mhr ~mjm Ü o 50 Vo 75% ZwH$gmZ Pmbo. na Vw AmVmÀ m dmximv Ho$èhmim, MmoadS>, A{hadmS>r, Xmnmoar, nms>io, ImZmnwa Vo ZmMZIoS>m, A Vwbu, BÀN>mnwa Agm IwnM mor>m n[aga dmxij«ñv Pmbm Am{U XmoÝhr {OëømVyZ Odinmg 300 Vo 350 H$moQ>r én m Mo ZwH$gmZ Pmë mmm àmw{ H$ A XmO Amho. Ho$ir ~mjm VXma VgmM Ho$ir ^mdmmr MT> CVma, H$anm, {Znmh Aem AZoH$ H$maUm Zr AS>MUrV hmovm. mbm XþîH$mimV Voamdm {hzm AgoM åhumdo bmjob. H$mhr Agob Vo Agob na Vw ËdarV m ~mjm Mo ì dñwmnz emómoº$ nõvrzo H$éZ H$ r IMm V Ë mm ~mjm nwýhm Cä m H$aUo Am{W H$ ÑîQ>çm $m ÚmMo R>amdo Am{U AS>MUrV gmns>boë m Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Zm WmoS>m {Xbmgm { imdm Ë mgmr>r hm boiz àn M. (47) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

48 ns>boë m ~mjm Mo ì dñwmnz 1) gd àw ns>boë m ~mjm Mo {Z mooz hëdmmo Amho. ~mjm H$mnUrÀ m AmYr ns>ë m wio d ge³v AdñWoV ns>ë m wio PmS>mMm ~w Ym gwõm Iyn VOobXma d O~yV Amho. Ago Ho$irMo ImoS> CMbyZ eovm~mhoa Q>mH$Uo e³ Zmhr. Ë mda Agbobo H$mnUr mo½ KS> AmnU {dh$bo AgVrb, ZmMZIoS>çmV JmanrQ>> Pmë m wio ns>bobo KS> gwõm {dh$vm Ambo Zmhr. 2) m ~mjm Mr gm $g $mb H$éZ {nbmmr {ZdS> H$am Mr Amho. Ë mgmr>r PmS>mImbr X~bobo nrh$ gd àw moh$io H$aUo hëdmmo Amho. ImoS> CMbë m OmV Zmhr, PmS>m Mr nmzo bdh$a gwh$v Zmhr åhuyz PmS>rMo nmzo OmJodaM H$mnmdr Am{U EH$m Amoir Z Va Xþgè m AmoirV gd nmzo, ImoS>, ns>bobm KS>> Q>mH$mdo. ns>bbo ImoS> CMbUo AdKS> Amho åhuwz Ë m ImoS>m Mo gwõm H$mnyZ VwH$S>o H$amdo OoUoH$éZ ImoS> bdh$a gwh$vrb Am{U Hw$OVrb. 3) AZoH$ Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Mm J ag O Amho H$s An[an¹$ ~mjm Z {Zgdboë m PmS>m Mm, VgoM wimgh$q> ns>boë m PmS>m Mm {nb ~mj Mm Jbm ouma Zmhr. na Vw Ago H$mhrhr Zmhr. m CbQ> KS> An[an¹$ Agë mzo Am{U AZoH$ ~mjm {Zgdboë m Zgë m wio PmS>mMr, ImoS>mMr {PO Pmbr Zmhr, O{ ZrVrb AÞKQ>H$m Mm èhmg Pmbm Zmhr. Ë m wio m ~mjm Ü o {nb ~mj A{Ve CÎm ob b. 4) {nb ~mj (ImoS>dm) KoUo JaOoMo Amho. H$maU dmxim wio Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Mo $ma mor>o Am{W H$ ZwH$gmZ Pmbo Amho Am{U {nb ~mj H$ r IMm V H$mnUrV ovmo. {nbmmr {ZdS> H$aVm Zm H$miOr mdr. gmymau EH$mM C MrMm, EH$gmaIm EH$mM {XeoZo Agbobm {nb Yamdm. BVa {nb H$mnmdo Am{U ImoS>mImbr, nmzmimbr PmH$bobm {nb moh$im H$amdm. PmS> wimgh$q> CnQ>bo Agbo Var 2-3 {nb O{ ZrV AgVmV Ë mvbm EH$ {nb R>odmdm. 5) H$mù m O{ ZrV {nb ~mj R>odm Mm Agë mg Xa XmoZ AmoirZ Va EH$ Amoi H$mT>mdr. Ë m [ah$må m Pmboë m nq²>q>çmv Zm JaQ> H$amdr. amoq>mdoq>a H$amdo Am{U gmosy>z Úmdo. 6) {nb ~mjobm ~ogb S>mog Kmbmdm OoUo H$éZ {nb~mj CÎm hmob b Ë mgmr>r 150 {H$bmo gwna $mñ o$q>, 50 {H$bmo nmoq> e Am{U 70 {H$bmo A mo{z gë o$q> {Oßg 500 {H$bmo Ago EH$ homa PmS>m Zm Q>mH$mdo. 7) EH$ AmR>dS>çmZ Va ${Q> JoeZ gwé H$amdo. ${Q> JoeZgmR>r w[a m- 6 {H$bmo, 12:61:0-1 {H$bmo qh$dm $m ñ $[ah$ A grs> - 1 {H$bmo nm T>ao nmoq> e 6 {H$bmo, ½Zo{e gë o$q> 1 {H$bmo à[v homar Xa Mm Ï m {Xder Ago Mma {hzo {Z rv gmos>mdo. 8) Xa AmR>dS>çmbm H $ëer Zm Q >oq> 2.5 {H$bmo à{v homar ${Q> JoeZ Ûmao Ago VrZ Vo Mma {hzo gmos>mdo. 9) ~mjobm {Z rv {R>~H$ qgmz MmbdyZ JaOoà muo wimà m H$joV dm $gm am{hb Aem àh$mao nmur Úmdo. ${Q> JoeZ Ü o gmvë R>odUo JaOoMo Amho. 10) PmS>m Mr wi dmam dmxim wio {dñh$irv hmovmv. EH$ {hý m Ü o {nh$mà m wim Mr geº$ dmt> hmovo. Ë mz Va qph$ gë o$q> - 10 {H$bmo, o$ag gë o$q> 10 {H$bmo gwú AÞÐì, { lu - 10 {H$bmo gë $a - 10 {H$bmo ßb ÝQ>mo J«Zwb 10 {H$bmo Am{U ~moa ³g 5 {H$bmo à{v homa PmS>m Zm Q>mH$mdo. 11) dmximv CÜdñV Pmboë m ~mjm Mm {nb~mj CÎm ob b, H$ r IMm V CËnmXZ Mm Jbo { iob, H$ r H$mbmdYrV {nh$ hmvmv ob b Am{U Ho$ir CËnmXH$mbm {Xbmgm { iob. nmur hom OrdZ (48)

49 CÝhmù mv bmjds> Ho$boë m d J ~mjm Mo ì dñwmnz ~hþvm e eovh$è m Zr mm, E{àb, o Ü o VmJmMr bmjds> H$éZ mdfuà m àia CîUVoV gwõm O Z {Q>í wh$ëma Ho$ir amonm À m bmjds>r Ho$ë m. Ë m ~mjm Mr dmt> gwõm N>mZ Pmbr Amho. gü m dmvmdaumv Jmadm {Z m U Pmbm Amho. H$mhr ^mjmv nmd$g gwõm Pmbm Amho. Ë m wio CÝhmù mvrb bmjds> Ho$boë m ~mjo g^modvrb VmJ AmVm H$mnÊ mg hah$v Zmhr. VmJ H$mnyZ ~os>da Q>mH$mdm. Ë mda WmoS>m war m o$h$mdm OoUo H$éZ VmJ bdh$a Hw$Oob d ~mjobm {hadirmo IV { iob. VmJ CnQy> Z o H$maU VmJmÀ m wim gh Ho$irÀ m wim gwõm ~mhoa ns>vmv d Ho$irÀ m PmS>mbm em H$ ~gvmo. åhuwz VmJ H$mnUo mo½. ~os>da VmJ Q>mH$ë mz Va Ë mbm Hw$OÊ mgmr>r ZÌmMr JaO AgVo Am{U ~mjobm nwaonwa à mumv ZÌ Z {Xë mg ~mjobm ZÌmMr H$ VaVm hmovo åhuyz ËdarV ${Q> JoeZ gwé H$aUo JaOoMo Amho. ~èhmunwa {OëømVrb ZmMUIoS>m owo dmximv ns>boë m {nb ~mjmmo {Z mooz g OyZ KoVm Zm gwzrb em Vmam Mm Yar, aqdð Mm Yar, A{Zb Mm Yar, H$Sy> nmq>rb, gwymh$a nmq>rb, {dh$mg nmq>rb, g Vmof nmq>rb AmXr. J ~mjm Mo ì dñwmnz gü m amonm Mm nwadr>m Mmby Amho Am{U J ~mjm Mr bmjds> gwõm gwé Amho. Ë mgmr>r H$mhr ~m~tda {deof bj XoUo JaOoMo Amho. O Z {Q>í wh$ëma Ho$ir amonm Mr bmjds> ~os>dam H$amdr OoUoH$éZ wimà m H$joV H$m dm $gm amhÿz ~mjomr EH$gmaIr d Omo mzo dmt> hmob b. ~hþvm e Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Mo ~os> V ma Pmbo AgVrb. na Vw H$mhr eovh$ar ~ Yw Zr AOwZhr ~os> V ma Ho$bo ZgVrb. ~os> V ma H$éZ ~os>da gwna $m ñ o$q> homar 3 ~ J, qph$ gë o$q> - 10 {H$bmo, o$ag gë o$q> - 10 {H$bmo, {Oßg - 5 ~ J, qz~moir n S> 5 ~ J, Jm Sy>i IV 5 ~ J, ßb ÝQ>mo J «Zwb 10 {H$bmo Ago EH$ homa PmS>m gmr>r ~os>da Q>mH$mdo. ~os>darb gd KQ>H$ amoq>doq>a Zo ~os> Ü o { giyz mdo, Zì mzo ~os> V ma H$amdm d amonm Mr bmjds> H$amdr. ~os>da O Z Q>~m} A ³ wam, 4 {b. Vmer àdmh, 40 Vo 50 go r A Vamda {R>~H$ qgmzmmr Zir Q>mH$mdr. bmjds> H$aVm Zm amonm Mm os>r m w$q>uma Zmhr mmr H$miOr mdr. amonm g^modvrb mvr hmvmzo Mm Jbr Xm~mdr, amonm À m éq> ~m b da mvr ob b Aer bmjds> H$amdr. bmjds>rz Va Xþgè m {Xder 200 {b. nmê mv 19:19:19-2 {H$bmo, øw rh$ A {gs> -1 {H$bmo, ¾o{e gë o$q> - 1 {H$bmo Am{U gwú AÞÐì 250 J«, m H$moam Pm 300 J«Ago ÐmdU V ma H$éZ àë oh$ amonmbm 100 { br ÐmdU Q>mH$mdo. Ago S >ooýmtj n{hë m n Yam {XdgmV 3 Vo 4 doim Ho$ë mg wim Mr dmt> Mm Jbr hmovo. bmjds>rz Va {Vgè m Mm Ï m {Xder 19:19:19-45 J«, gwú AÞÐì {MboQ>oS> - 20 J«, ßb ÝQ>moPmB - 20 { br Ago 15 {b. nmê mv { giyz amonmda $dmaur H$amdr. darb $dmaur XmoZ Vo VrZ {Xdgm À m A VamZo n{hë m n Yam {Xdg {Z rv Ho$ë mg amonm Mo goq> rj d dmt> Omo mzo hmovo. o d OwZ bmjds>rà m amonm Zm 25 m H«$mZMm ëmtj nona Q>mHw$Z mdo. ëmtj nona XmoÝhr ~mowzo mvr Ü o Xm~bm OmB b mmr H$miOr mdr. ëmtj Q>mH$Vm Zm amonm À m nmzm Zm BOm hmouma Zmhr mmr H$miOr mdr. amonmà m OmJr nona WmoS>mgmM H$mnmdm, Ë mvwz amon AbJX ~mhoa H$mT>mdo. OoUo H$éZ amonmbm BOm hmouma Zmhr, nona OmñV $mq>uma Zmhr. ëmtj nona 120 go. r. é XrMm Agmdm. (49) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

50 AZoH$ doim Ago {ZXe Zmg Ambo H$s H$mhr ^mjm Ü o {deofv: Xmnmoam, ~èhmunwa, Ho$èhmim, A{hadmS>r, {ddam m n[agamv Ho$irda Hw$Hw $~a mop H$ ìhm agmm àmxþ^m d {XgVmo. Ë mgmr>r ËdarV amoj ì dñwmnz H$aUo JaOoMo Amho Am{U Xadfu ìhm ag ovmo ho m{hvm Agob Va amoj ody Z o mgmr>r à{v~ YmË H$ Cnm H$aUo $m ÚmMo R>aVo. {ge ìhr amojmmo ì dñwmnz àm w» mzo Am JñQ>, gßq> ~a {hý m Ü o ag emofumè m {H$S>tMm àmxþ^m d dmt>vmo Am{U Ë m wio {ge ìhr amojmmm àgma mor>çm à mumv hmoê mmm YmoH$m {Z m U hmovmo. Xmnmoam owrb lr. mojoída {dç>b nmq>rb m Mm {ge ìhr amojmmm 15 dfmªmm AZw^d Amho Am{U Xa dfu Vo amojmmo ì dñwmnz H$éZ amoj {Z ÌUmV R>odVmV gmbm Ü o Va PmS>m n H$s 8000 PmS> amojmzo Iam~ Pmbr Am{U VoìhmnmgwZ Ë m Zr amoj {Z ÌUmMo H$m eë pñdh$méz amojmda mv Ho$br. Ë mgmr>r Imbrbà muo ì dñwmnz Amdµí H$ Amho. 1) gd àw gre ìhr amojmmo hmoñq> åhuoo n m r ómov Ogo {MdiMr ^mor, Ho$ZnQ> mgmair VUo, VgoM H$nmer, H$m, Mdir, dmb, { amr, H$mH$S>r, JrbH$s mgmair {nho$ ~mjov qh$dm ~mjo eoomar Zgmdr. 2) amojmmm àgma ag emofumè m H$mngmdarb mdm, nm T>ar mer, VwS>VwS>o w$bh$ss>o m m $V hmovmo d Am JñQ>, gßq> ~a Ü o {ZgJm V m {H$S>tMo à mu Iwn OmñV dmt>vo Am{U m {H$S>t m $V ZdrZ amonmda amojmmm àgma hmovmo. 3) amojmmm àgma hmod$ Z o åhuyz {H$S> {Z ÌU hëdmmo Amho Ë mgmr>r ~mjoda Xa AmR>dS>çmV Am Va àdmhr {H$Q>H$ ZmeH$m Mr $dmaur H$amdr. 4) amojj«ñv PmS>o Ëd[aV CnQy>Z ZîQ> H$amdr. ~m Y ñdàn> H$amdo, ~mjov VU hmody Xody Z o, eoomarb eovmv darb à muo {nho$ Agë mg Ë m Zmhr $dmaur H$am bm gm JUo. 5) OwÝ m Ho$irÀ m ~mjo Ü o {ge ìhr amojmmr PmS>o Agë mg Vr Zï> H$amdr. MH«$sdmXi d JmanrQ> m wio Ho$ir ~mjm CÜdñV Pmë m. AZoH$ Ho$ir CËnmXH$m Zm Ho$ir H$mnUrgmR>r EH$hr PmS> {e H$ Zmhr. AZoH$m Mr H$mnUrM Pmbr Zmhr. EH$hr ~mj dmmbr Zmhr. Aem àh$mao àm S> Am{W H$ ZwH$gmZ Pmbo. df H$go H$mT>mdo hm àíz C^m am{hbm. Aem àg Jm Ü o AmnU Ho$irÀ m {nb ~mjm Mo ì dñwmnz Mm Jbo Ho$ë mg AmnUm g {Xbmgm { iob H$maU {nb ~mjobm $º$ AÝZ KQ>H$m Mm d nmur XoÊ mmm EìhT>mM IM Amho. H$ r IMm V CËnmXZ hmvmv ns>ob Am{U WmoS>m H$m hmob Zm Am{W H$ {Xbmgm { iob Ago bm dmq>vo. m dmvmdau ~XbmV AZoH$ doim Ho$ir {nh$mda g H$Q>o ovmv. Ë mgmr>r AmnU Xa dfu {nh$ {d m H$mT>Uo AmVm JaOoMo dmqy> bmjbo. VgoM bmjds> gwõm dojdojù m h Jm mv Ho$ë mg H$mhr ~mjm mvwz dmmvrb. Va H$mhr ~mjm Mr H$mnUr Pmbr Agob, H$mhr ~mjm Mr AdñWm bhmz Agob Va Ë m ~mjm Mo ZwH$gmZ hmouma Zmhr Agm gdmªjru {dmma H$éZ AmnU Aem g H$Q>m Zm gm moao OmUo JaOoMo Amho. åhuyz Pmbobo ZwH$gmZ {dgéz Zì m C oxrzo C^o amhÿz nwt>rb ~mjm Mr emjv, H$miOr d CÎm ì dñwmnz H$aUo JaOoMo Amho. Ho$irdarb gre ìhr ~myrv Ho$irMo PmS> àia CîUVonmgyZ ~MmdmgmR>r VmJmMr bmjds> nmur hom OrdZ (50)

51 M J ~m Yy m Zm V, PmS>o bmdê mmm& bim bmdy m V m Zm, OrdmnmS> OnÊ mmm && Om{Udm Mr OmU R>odm, AZ² H$V ì ñ am& {hadirzo ZQ>dy m, hr Amnbr dgw Yam && Vwåhr-Amåhr gmarm, AmhmoV {VMrM boh$a & Vê$-d r, new-njr, Xè m, garvm, S>m Ja && OJy Úm Zm Ë m Zmhr, dmhÿ Úm AmZ XmMm Pam& [hadirzo ZQ>dy m, hr Amnbr dgw Yam && - Zm Xod ~S>JwOa S>mobV {edma Ýh n T>anya, PwB PwB nmq> M Ð^mJm, H$mB O rz Ýhr ê$³ mb C^ {nh$ Ýhm {dç>b - { btx nmq>rb (51) nmur W ~mz nrh$ Omo mz!

52 Aä mgxm am d à{eju Am À m O Z H $fr g emoyz, {dh$mg Am{U àmë {jh$ H $Ð d O Z CÀM H $fr V ÌkmZ à{eju g ñwog OJ d XoemVrb {d{dy eovh$ar, emñìk, H $fr A{YH$mar, ~±H$ A{YH$mar, ñd godr g ñwm à{v{zyr, g emoyz g ñwm m Zr Ho$bobm Aä mgxm am d Pmboë m à{ejummr N>m m{mìo Am a Jm~mX {OëømVrb H $fr {dúmb mmo {dúmwu n Om~ owrb A Vga {OëømVrb A S>ìhmBOa JoPrZMo eovh$ar g^mgx miamzmda gwdu g ï>r {Z m U Ho$br. m wio Am À m gdmªmm CËgmh àm S> dmt>bm Amho. miamzmda AmnU EdT>r {H$ m Ho$br Va AmnU gwõm H$mhrVar H$ê$ eh$vmo hm AmË {dídmg Am À mv {Z m U Pmbm S>m. ~m~m S>mIm ao JmoHw$i, Vm. mhÿa, {O. Zm XoS> {d{dy amá mvrb à{ejumwvmm Aä mgxm am Ü àxoemvrb hmoqejm~mx {OëømVrb eovh$ar ~m Yd H ${f {dh$mg gwyma H$m H«$ m VJ V Ü àxoemvrb I S>dm {OëømVrb eovh$ar ~m Yd Á m nóvrzo owrb {d{dy H$m hmovo ho nmhÿz hm àdmg H$m AmR>dUrV amhrb. "gmw H$ H$ê$ OÝ mmo, ê$n nmbqy> dg wyaomo' m g ñwoà m ~«rx dm³ mazwgê$m owrb H$m H $VkVmnwd H$ gwê$ Amho. Anma JwßVm Am Am E $Q>r {Xëbr ~rs> owrb eovh$ar Aä mg dj S>ç«w H$m H$ - JbmVm Ho${ H$b {~PZog hos> m Mr ^oq> H$Zm Q>H$ amá mvrb H $fr A{YH$mar djª