Baryonspektroskopie mit polarisierten Photonenstrahlen aktuelle Ergebnisse der Experimente an ELSA
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1 Baryonspektroskopie mit polarisierten Photonenstrahlen aktuelle Ergebnisse der Experimente an ELSA Daniel Elsner Physikalisches Institut Universität Bonn für die CBELSA/TAPS-Collaboration funded by the DFG within the SFB/TR16 DPG Frühjahrstagung - Münster März 2011 Daniel Elsner 1
2 Daniel Elsner 2 Outline Introduction Experimental setup polarised photon beams at ELSA longitudinally polarised target Crystal Barrel detector setup Results single meson photo production + single & double polarisation observables Summary
3 Motivation baryon spectroscopy Daniel Elsner 3 energy ev MeV atom nucleon
4 Motivation photo production Daniel Elsner 4 W / GeV p X p p + + +p p + +p p + + +p K + + +p p + E γ / GeV
5 Motivation baryon spectroscopy Daniel Elsner 5 Löhring, Metsch, Petry, EPJ A10, 395(2001)????
6 Motivation photo production Daniel Elsner 6 avoid artificial selection (e.g. πn coupling) photo production, measure many decay channels,, K,,,, sensitivity to low intensity resonances polarisation observables N,,,,?
7 Daniel Elsner 7 Observables in meson photo production single pseudoscalar meson photo production photon target recoil (target + recoil) x y z x x z z - x y z x z x z unpolarised σ 0 0 T 0 0 P 0 T x -L x T z L z linearly pol. -Σ H (-P) -G O x (-T) O z (-L z ) (T z ) (-L x ) (-T x ) circularly pol. 0 F 0 -E -C x 0 -C z Knöchlein, Drechsel, Tiator Z.Phys. A 352 (1995) Example: Longitudinally polaris. protons: P T,z Linearly polarised photons: P γ lin Circularly polaris. photons: P γ circ dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P lin γ ( Σ cos 2Φ - G PT,z sin 2Φ) - E Pγ circ PT,z ]
8 Daniel Elsner 8 Electron Stretcher Accelerator BGO - OD BGO 0.5 GeV to 3.5 GeV (polarised) electron beam electron polarisation 1.9 GeV 2.4 GeV ELSA talks: HK 26.4 HK 26.5
9 Linearly polarised photons via Coherent Bremsstrahlung Daniel Elsner 9 Incoherent BS E,k d de incoherent coherent coh./incoh. E 0,p 0 E e -,p T,q E =E 0 -E e E /E 0 Coherent BS linearly polarised photons structure (diamond crystal) Laue-Bragg condition q=ng kinematical constraint
10 Linearly polarised photons via Coherent Bremsstrahlung Daniel Elsner 10 z h z x x v Polarisationsgrad relative Intensität Pol max 61% Pol max 58% Pol max 54%
11 Circularly polarised photons & Møller polarimetry longitudinally polarised electrons helicity transfer to photon measurement of electron polarisation using Møller polarimeter counting rate asymmetry A = N - N zz N + N beam polarisation P = A B zz P T a zz Polarisation / % Daniel Elsner Date 11
12 Experimental hall Crystal Barrel set-up BGO - Open Dipole set-up Daniel Elsner 12
13 Daniel Elsner 13 Crystal Barrel / Taps setup electron beam
14 Frozen spin target - polarisation: Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation at high B-field (2.5 T) - target material: chem. endowed Butanol (C 4 H 9 OH) - freeze up the spin (0.4 T) at 50 mk - horizontal cryostat ( 4π accept.) with integrated solenoid ( B/B ~10-4 ), NMR - relaxation time T~500h - ~75% long. polarisation (max. 83%) liquid helium from the still target internal superconducting 'holding coil beam 60 mm Bonn: H. Dutz, S. Goertz Bochum: W. Meyer, S. Reichertz Butanol (C 4 H 9 OH) 100 mm Daniel Elsner 14
15 Frozen spin target - polarisation: Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation at high B-field (2.5 T) - target material: chem. endowed Butanol (C 4 H 9 OH) - freeze up the spin (0.4 T) at 50 mk - horizontal cryostat ( 4π accept.) with integrated solenoid ( B/B ~10-4 ), NMR - relaxation time T~500h - ~75% long. polarisation (max. 83%) Bonn: H. Dutz, S. Goertz Bochum: W. Meyer, S. Reichertz Daniel Elsner 15
16 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 16
17 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 17
18 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 18
19 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 19
20 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 20
21 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 21
22 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 22
23 Frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 23
24 Crystal Barrel setup Crystal Barrel detector 1230 CsI crystals forward detector (FWPlug) 90 CsI crystals with PM s, 12 deg. 30 deg. Inner-detector cylinder of 513 scintillating fibers forward detector (MiniTAPS) 216 BaF 2, 1 deg. -12 deg. (not shown) Close to 4π coverage Daniel Elsner 24
25 Daniel Elsner 25 Polarisation observables at ELSA Linearly polarised photons: P γ lin Circularly polaris. photons: P γ circ Longitudinally polaris. protons: P T,z photo production q 2 = 0 real photons dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P lin γ ( Σ cos 2Φ - G PT,z sin 2Φ) - E Pγ circ PT,z ] Transversally polaris. protons: P T,x & P T,y dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P lin γ ( H P T,x sin 2Φ + P P T,y cos 2Φ) + F Pγ circ P T,x + T P T,y ]
26 CB double pol. DPG Frühjahrstagung 2011 Daniel Elsner 26 Vahe Sokhoyan (Bonn) HK 4.2: Measurment of polarization observables Is und Ic in the reaction γ p p π 0 π 0 with the CBELSA/TAPS experiment Jan Hartmann (Bonn) HK 4.3: Messung von Polarisationsobservablen in der Meson Photoproduktion mit linear polarisiertem Strahl und transversal polarisierten Target (γ p p π 0 / p η) Annika Thiel (Bonn) HK 4.4: Messung der Doppelpolarisationsobservablen G in π 0 und η Photoproduktion Manuela Gottschall (Bonn) HK 4.5: Bestimmung der Doppelpolarisationsobservablen E für die Reaktion γ p p π 0 Thomas Jude (Bonn) HK 4.7: Meas. of the beam target double polarization observable, E for γ(pk 0 )Σ + with the CBELSA/TAPS experiment Holger Eberhardt (Bonn) HK 17.6: Messung von Polarisationsobservablen in der ω Photoproduktion
27 η-photoproduction (γp pη) photon beam asymmetry CBELSA/TAPS dataset 2003 Σ η-maid sensitive not sens. D 13 (1520) MAID/BnGa D 15 (1675) MAID BnGa P 11 (1710) MAID BnGa P 13 (1720) BnGa MAID θ η cm BnGa Elsner D. et al., EPJ A 33, 147 (2007) Daniel Elsner 27
28 Daniel Elsner 28 Double polarisation observable G γ + p p + π 0 A. Thiel - HK 4.4 pol. target (C 4 H 9 OH ) effective dilution factor! linearly polarised photons longitudinally polarised proton E =967 MeV E =1067 MeV Preliminary results CB GRAAL data G G Prediction partial wave analysis BoGa SAID MAID
29 Double polarisation observable G γ + p p + η A. Thiel - HK 4.4 E γ = 1050 MeV linearly polarised photons longitudinally polarised proton G Preliminary results CB GRAAL data CB data 2003 BoGa SAID MAID Daniel Elsner 29
30 with acceptance correction no normalisation Daniel Elsner 30 Helicity dependent cross section γ + p p + π 0 M. Gottschall - HK 4.5 circularly polarised photon beasm longitudinally polarised proton target P 33 (1232) N 1/2 -N 3/2
31 Helicity dependent total cross section γ + p p + η Daniel Elsner 31 circularly polarised photon beasm longitudinally polarised proton target Preliminary results (J. Müller) S 11 (1535) N 1/2 -N 3/2 P 11 (1710) P 13 (1720) no acceptance correction
32 Daniel Elsner 32 Polarisation observables at ELSA Linearly polarised photons: P γ lin Circularly polaris. photons: P γ circ Longitudinally polaris. protons: P T,z photo production q 2 = 0 real photons dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P lin γ ( Σ cos 2Φ - G PT,z sin 2Φ) - E Pγ circ PT,z ] Transversally polaris. protons: P T,x & P T,y dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P lin γ ( H P T,x sin 2Φ + P P T,y cos 2Φ) + F Pγ circ P T,x + T P T,y ]
33 Motivation: Target asymmetry in γ + p p + η Daniel Elsner 33
34 Daniel Elsner 34 unpolarized beam Target asymmetry T γ + p p + η Jan Hartmann HK 4.3 transversely polarized target (direction of pol.: β = 99 ) transversely polarized target + linearly polarized photon beam Recoil Polarization P and Observable H
35 Daniel Elsner 35 Electromagnetic excitation off the neutron Example: Cross section for γ + n n + η Narrow structure in the excitation function GRAAL W 1680 MeV, Γ<30MeV Tohoku-LNS W 1666 MeV, Γ<40MeV ELSA W 1685 MeV, Γ<60MeV MAMI-C W 1675 MeV, Γ<40MeV - New narrow state with stronger photocoupling to the neutron? - Interference effect of resonances? - polarisation observables needed! Jaegle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100: (2008) running beam time
36 Daniel Elsner 36 Summary linearly and circularly pol. photon beams available at ELSA degree of polarisation: P lin max = %, P circ max = 65% first round of double polarisation experiments with Crystal Barrel at ELSA with longitudinally and transversally polarised target high quality data for double polarisation observables preliminary results for the double polarisation observables: Σ,G, E and T,P,H different final states essential for model independent PWA (complete experiment)
37 Crystal Barrel talks Vahe Sokhoyan (Bonn) HK 4.2: Meas. of polarization observables Is und Ic in the reaction γ p > p π0 π0 with the CBELSA/TAPS experiment Jan Hartmann (Bonn) HK 4.3: Messung von Polarisationsobservablen in der Meson Photoproduktion mit linear polarisiertem Strahl und transversal polarisierten Target Annika Thiel (Bonn) HK 4.4: Messung der Doppelpolarisationsobservablen G in π0 und η Photoproduktion Manuela Gottschall (Bonn) HK 4.5: Bestimmung der Doppelpolarisationsobservablen E für die Reaktion γ p > p π0 Thomas Jude (Bonn) HK 4.7: Meas. of the beam target double polarization observable, E for γ(pk0)σ+ with the CBELSA/TAPS experiment Mariana Nanova (Giessen) HK 11.8: In Medium Properties of the η Meson Holger Eberhardt (Bonn) HK 17.6: Messung von Polarisationsobservablen in der ω Photoproduktion Frieda Dietz (Giessen) HK 17.7 : ω Photoproduction off Protons and Neutrons with CBELSA/TAPS Martin Urban (Bonn) HK 39.2 : Kompensation der Temperaturabhängigkeit von APDs für eine neue Auslese des CB Kalorimeters Karoly Makonyi and Stefan Friedrich (Giessen) HK 43.4 : Search for ω mesic nuclei Daniel Elsner 37
38 Daniel Elsner 38 Complete experiment BACKUP γ + p p + η λ= ±1 ±½ ±½ 0 } } 4 x 2 parity conservation 4 complex amplitudes no discrete ambiguities: 8 well chosen observables d 2 σ/dω, Σ, T, P, G, F, Tx, Lz. Chiang & Tabakin, PRC55 (97) independent quantities
39 Daniel Elsner 39 circularly polarised photons Exp Elsa Solenoid Dipol
40 Circularly polarised photons Møller polarimetry, formalism Daniel Elsner 40 dσ dσ 0 dω dω = cm cm counting rate asymmetry A = N - N zz N + N beam polarisation [1+ a (θ ) P P ] a ij ij cm B T i j asymmetry coefficients P B = A zz P T a zz θ
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47 Bonn frozen spin target Daniel Elsner 47
48 Helicity dependent total cross section γ + p X circularly polarized photons longitudinally polarized proton MAMI data: J. Ahrens et al., Phys. Tev. Lett. 87 (2001) ELSA data: H. Dutz et al., Phys. Rev. Daniel Lett. 91 Elsner (2003)
49 η-photoproduction (γp pη) total cross section γp pγγ π 0 η γp pπ 0 π 0 π 0 V. Crede, O. Bartolomy et al. PRL 94 (2005) , EPJ A33 (2007) 133 V. Crede, A. McVeigh et al., PRC submitted 2009 CLAS GRAAL TAPS BoGa PWA S (1535), D (1520), S (1650), F (1680), P (1720), D (2080) , -t-channel exchange m = 2068 ± 22MeV, + new D15: = 295 ± 40MeV Daniel Elsner 49
![Daniel Elsner 50 Extraction of polarisation observables Σ & G dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P γ lin ( Σ cos 2Φ - G PT,z sin 2Φ) ] each energy & angular bin fit modulation of azimuth](/docs-images/92/110478270/images/50-1.jpg "angle each single event: photon energy photon polarisation event-weighted average polarisation (P γ lin ) first online spectra γ + p p + π 0 π 0 Φ linpol = π Φ linpol =")
50 Daniel Elsner 50 Extraction of polarisation observables Σ & G dσ = dσ 0 [ 1- P γ lin ( Σ cos 2Φ - G PT,z sin 2Φ) ] each energy & angular bin fit modulation of azimuth angle each single event: photon energy photon polarisation event-weighted average polarisation (P γ lin ) first online spectra γ + p p + π 0 π 0 Φ linpol = π Φ linpol = 0
51 Daniel Elsner 51 Targetasymmetry in p p
52 Daniel Elsner 52 Recoil Polarization P and Observable H Jan Hartmann HK 4.3 linearly polarized photon beam (angle of pol. plane: α = 45 ) transversely polarized target (direction of pol.: β = 99 ) f = eff. dilution factor
53 Pol. obs. in double meson production example: γ + p p + π 0 η E. Gutz et al. Phys. Lett. B 687 (2010) 11 multi meson production important at higher energies access to high excited resonances and their decays η acts as isospin filter But for complete experiment in pseudoscalar meson prod. 15/64 observables needed (1- meson 8/16) 3 body kinematic 2nd decay plane if angle Φ* is integrated out I s vanishes, I c = Σ See next talk (V. Sokhoyan) γ + p p + π 0 π 0 Daniel Elsner 53
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