Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity
|
|
- Brice Melton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 From the SelectedWorks of Vildyan Yanbikov 2015 Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity Vildyan Yanbikov Available at:
2 Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity. Yanbikov Vil'dyan Shavkyatovich. Russian Federation, Volgograd, , Bibliotechnaya street, house 14, apartament 95. Phone: Аbstract: Calculation of quantitative characteristics of rotating interferometer Michelson-Morley experiment. The objective of the experiment. Confirmation alternate the Lorentz contraction of the interferometer arms as it rotates. Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity. Keywords: The interferometer Michelson-Morley experiment, the rotation of the interferometer Michelson-Morley experiment, the reduction of the interferometer arms, the shift of interference fringes at rotation of the interferometer. Experimental check on the validity of the special theory of relativity. 0
3 Let interferometer Michelson-Morley experiment is balanced so that it can be rotated with high angular speed of rotation around the axis of the theta. Axis theta perpendicular to the plane where the arms of the interferometer. The interferometer consists of two pipes located under a corner of 90 degrees (fig.1). The axis of rotation theta passes through the midpoint of the segment MN and coincides with the axis OY. Figure D-mirror; MN-translucent mirror ; S - screen; E - a source of laser radiation. The interferometer, motionless relatively to the laboratory reference system X Y Z. Laboratory reference system moving with the speed v relative absolutely fixed reference system. At the beginning of the experience, before the beginning of rotation of the interferometer, the speed of its rotation ω around the axis θ theta equal to zero. After the beginning of the rotation of the interferometer around the axis θ theta, picture interference will be moving from its initial position, where ω = 0. The shift of the interference pattern is due to the inertia of metal atoms from which is made of pipes of the interferometer. In other words, shoulders interferometer will not have time to contract and to recover because of the inertia of the atoms of the material of the pipes. Negatively affects the optical light moves signals inside the interferometer. By increasing the speed of rotation ω shift of the interference pattern should increase. The shift of the interference pattern at a certain speed ω will be greatest in the case, when the axis θ of rotation theta perpendicular to the vector of velocity of the Earth relative to the cosmic ether. The velocity vector v will be in the plane rotating interferometer arms. Let the arm length stationary relative to the absolute frame of reference interferometer, with v = 0 equal to L. Then moving in the laboratory frame of reference, at ω = 0 the arm length along the axes OX and OZ will be equal Lx = L and Lz = L 3/2 ; At rotation of the interferometer with angular velocity ω therefore, when taking into account the inertia of metal atoms, the arm length along the axes OX and OZ will be equal to L x and L z. However, due to the inertia of the atoms will be performed inequality L x < Lx and L z > Lz Calculate the maximum number of interference fringes on which will move the interference pattern at a high enough speed of rotation of the interferometer. In this case, the shortening of the interferometer arms will be equal to the half of a segment Lx - Lz. Find an 1
4 expression for ; Will receive = ; Then for this case L x = Lx - = ; and L z = Lz + = ; At a certain maximum speed of an interferometer arm length because of the inertia of the atoms are equal and are the same length L x = L z. On the number of lanes will shift the picture interference for this case?. Time of light spreading along the axis OX laboratory reference system tx = = ; Time of light spreading along the axis OZ laboratory system of reference from records to the mirror and back will be equal to tz = + = + ; here tz = ; The difference Δt = tz - tx = ; or Δt ; Optical path difference Δ = c Δt = 2L ; The number of lanes on which will move the picture interference for this case is ΔN = = 2 ; Let the length of the shoulders for real interferometer is 1m, the wavelength of used light λ = 0.6*10 6 m. If the velocity vector of movement of the interferometer relative to the absolute reference frame perpendicular to the rotation axis θ theta, then v = 400 km/s. Get ΔN 6. So the maximum number of bands, which may shift of the interference pattern at a high enough speed of rotation of the interferometer is equal to six lanes. 2
5 Another case when the angular velocity of rotation ω is that run equality L x = Lx - ; and L z = Lz + ; (fig.2). Count the number of lanes on which will move the picture interference for this case. We will substitute Lx and Lz L x = Lx - = L ; L z = Lz + = L ; The passage time of the light beam along the axis OX for this case tx = ; tx = ; The passage time of the light beam along the axis OZ laboratory reference system tz = + = ; Δt = tz - tx = ; Optical path difference Δ = L ; The number of lanes on which will move the picture interference for this case is ΔN = = ; We will substitute the same values as in the previous case, get ΔN 3. Picture interference shifted into three bands. Define the angular velocity of rotation of the interferometer for this case (ΔN 3). For a quarter turn to the arm of the interferometer will be reduced in size on L x - L z (fig.2). Lag reduction in ΔL = corresponds to the shift of the interference pattern on three bands. To calculate the angular velocity of rotation ω for this case, we use the property of elastic deformation of a solid body. At the deformation of tension or compression, the resulting elongation arm of the interferometer ΔL under the force F is proportional to the magnitude of the applied force, original length L and inversely proportional to cross-sectional area S (Hooke's law) ΔL = ; where the coefficient of proportionality. The value of E is called the modulus of the first kind or the young's modulus, and describes the elastic properties of the material. We will substitute the value of ΔL in Hooke's law = ; F is the force of contraction of the arm of the interferometer when turning it one-quarter turn from the OX axis to axis OZ laboratory system of reference. We obtain the expression for the force 3
6 F = ; During rotation of the interferometer, the force F accelerates metal atoms from which made the interferometer, with acceleration α = ; Under the force F for a quarter turn to the arm of the interferometer will be reduced by the value = = ; where t = ; We substitute the expression for α, will receive = ; A quarter of a turn is time t = ; From the last equality, we get ω = ; Angular velocity ω is offset picture interference into three bands. Define ω for real size of the interferometer. Let shoulder length 1m, mass shoulder 2kg, the cross-sectional area of the shoulder 4sm 2, E = 2*10 4. Get ω 2 rad/s. Got acceptable speed of rotation of the shoulders interferometer. This velocity corresponds to a shift pattern interference into three bands. The shift of the interference pattern on the screen of the interferometer, when it is rotating, is a confirmation of the lorentz contraction of the interferometer arms. But this theoretical predictions. As all of this happens in practice, can only reveal the experiment. If the above formula to replace the formulas of the special theory of relativity, then the interference pattern are shifted by ΔN 1800 bands. 4
7 D N E D M S fig. 1 5
8 X L x L x ω L z L z v O fig.2 Z 6
Experiments on detection of cosmic ether
From the SelectedWorks of Vildyan Yanbikov 2014 Experiments on detection of cosmic ether Vildyan Yanbikov Available at: https://works.bepress.com/vildyan_yanbikov1/9/ Yanbikov Vil'dyan Shavkyatovich Russian
More informationGRAVITY AND UNIVERSE. From the SelectedWorks of Vildyan Shavkyatovich Yanbikov. Vildyan Shavkyatovich Yanbikov
From the SelectedWorks of Vildyan Shavkyatovich Yanbikov 0 GRAVITY AND UNIVERSE Vildyan Shavkyatovich Yanbikov Available at: https://works.bepress.com/vildyan_yanbikov/0/ Astrophysics and Space Science
More informationTransverse and longitudinal mass moving in the inertial frame of reference
Fro the SelectedWorks of Vildyan Yanbiko 0 Transerse and longitudinal ass oing in the inertial frae of reference Vildyan Yanbiko Aailable at: https://works.bepress.co/ildyan_yanbiko// Elseier Editorial
More informationAbout Speed of Light in the Vacuum
About Speed of Light in the Vacuum Piotr Gasiński gasinski.piotr@gmail.com Mobile: +48 514-490-254 This article is an intellectual property of the author. Abstract This article proves (in contrary to common
More informationGalilean velocity transformation
Galilean velocity transformation... -3-2 -1 0 1 2 3... u... -3-2 -1 0 1 2 3... If an object has velocity u in frame S (note: velocities have a direction!), and if frame S is moving with velocity v along
More information= y(x, t) =A cos (!t + kx)
A harmonic wave propagates horizontally along a taut string of length L = 8.0 m and mass M = 0.23 kg. The vertical displacement of the string along its length is given by y(x, t) = 0. m cos(.5 t + 0.8
More informationMidterm Solutions. 1 1 = 0.999c (0.2)
Midterm Solutions 1. (0) The detected muon is seen km away from the beam dump. It carries a kinetic energy of 4 GeV. Here we neglect the energy loss and angular scattering of the muon for simplicity. a.
More informationLABORATORY WRITE-UP MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER LAB AUTHOR S NAME GOES HERE STUDENT NUMBER:
LABORATORY WRITE-UP MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER LAB AUTHOR S NAME GOES HERE STUDENT NUMBER: 111-22-3333 MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER 1. PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment is to give some practice in using
More informationUnit- 1 Theory of Relativity
Unit- 1 Theory of Relativity Frame of Reference The Michelson-Morley Experiment Einstein s Postulates The Lorentz Transformation Time Dilation and Length Contraction Addition of Velocities Experimental
More informationMichelson Interferometer
Michelson Interferometer Objective Determination of the wave length of the light of the helium-neon laser by means of Michelson interferometer subsectionprinciple and Task Light is made to produce interference
More informationHow did physicists detect Gravitational Waves? Some tools that revealed the GW event. C. Kurtsiefer, Physics enrichment camp NUS
How did physicists detect Gravitational Waves? Some tools that revealed the GW150914 event C. Kurtsiefer, Physics enrichment camp 2016 @ NUS The Story in the News The Situation small strain σ of space
More informationFizeau s Interference Experiment with Moving Water Contradicts the Special Theory of Relativity.
Fizeau s Interference Experiment with Moving Water Contradicts the Special Theory of Relativity. Gennady Sokolov, Vitali Sokolov gennadiy@vtmedicalstaffing.com The interference experiment with moving water
More informationName the object labelled B and explain its purpose.
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1 1. The diagram represents the Michelson-Morley interferometer. surface-silvered mirror M 1 l 1 extended source of monochromatic light B surface-silvered mirror M 2 A l 2 viewing
More informationModern Physics. Third Edition RAYMOND A. SERWAY CLEMENT J. MOSES CURT A. MOYER
Modern Physics Third Edition RAYMOND A. SERWAY CLEMENT J. MOSES CURT A. MOYER 1 RELATIVITY 1.1 Special Relativity 1.2 The Principle of Relativity, The Speed of Light 1.3 The Michelson Morley Experiment,
More informationWaves Part 3: Superposition
Waves Part 3: Superposition Last modified: 06/06/2017 Superposition Standing Waves Definition Standing Waves Summary Standing Waves on a String Standing Waves in a Pipe Standing Waves in a Pipe with One
More informationChapter 36 The Special Theory of Relativity. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 36 The Special Theory of Relativity Units of Chapter 36 Galilean Newtonian Relativity The Michelson Morley Experiment Postulates of the Special Theory of Relativity Simultaneity Time Dilation and
More informationPH 222-3A Spring 2010
PH -3A Spring 010 Interference Lecture 6-7 Chapter 35 (Halliday/Resnick/Walker, Fundamentals of Physics 8 th edition) 1 Chapter 35 Interference The concept of optical interference is critical to understanding
More informationPhysics 476LW Advanced Physics Laboratory Michelson Interferometer
Physics 476LW Advanced Physics Laboratory Michelson Interferometer Introduction An optical interferometer is an instrument which splits a beam of light into two beams, each beam follows a different path
More informationEinstein for Everyone Lecture 2: Background to Special Relativity
Einstein for Everyone Lecture 2: Background to Special Relativity Dr. Erik Curiel Munich Center For Mathematical Philosophy Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität 1 Special Relativity 2 Principle of Relativity
More information[5] Stress and Strain
[5] Stress and Strain Page 1 of 34 [5] Stress and Strain [5.1] Internal Stress of Solids [5.2] Design of Simple Connections (will not be covered in class) [5.3] Deformation and Strain [5.4] Hooke s Law
More informationChapter-1 Relativity Part I RADIATION
Chapter-1 Relativity Part I RADIATION Radiation implies the transfer of energy from one place to another. - Electromagnetic Radiation - Light - Particle and Cosmic Radiation photons, protons, neutrons,
More information02. Special Relativity: The 2 Postulates and the Michaelson- Morley Experiment
02. Special Relativity: The 2 ostulates and the Michaelson- Morley Experiment (1905) "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" ostulate 1: rinciple of Relativity The laws of physics are the same in all
More informationUnderstanding and Testing Relativity
Understanding and Testing Relativity From Einstein s formulations to the tests of today www. library.thinkquest.org www.csep10.phys.utk.edu www.arcive.ncsa.uiuc.edu Boston University - April 25, 2006 1
More informationPhysics 141 Rotational Motion 2 Page 1. Rotational Motion 2
Physics 141 Rotational Motion 2 Page 1 Rotational Motion 2 Right handers, go over there, left handers over here. The rest of you, come with me.! Yogi Berra Torque Motion of a rigid body, like motion of
More informationRelativity. Physics April 2002 Lecture 8. Einstein at 112 Mercer St. 11 Apr 02 Physics 102 Lecture 8 1
Relativity Physics 102 11 April 2002 Lecture 8 Einstein at 112 Mercer St. 11 Apr 02 Physics 102 Lecture 8 1 Physics around 1900 Newtonian Mechanics Kinetic theory and thermodynamics Maxwell s equations
More informationLecture 2. Einstein Asserts Relativity. July 31, Ruled out the possibility that Earth is at rest relative to the ether
Lecture 2 Einstein Asserts Relativity July 31, 2017 Where We Are Now... Ruled out the possibility that Earth is at rest relative to the ether Earth alone at rest? Violates Copernicus! Ether Drag? Ruled
More information11. (7 points: Choose up to 3 answers) What is the tension,!, in the string? a.! = 0.10 N b.! = 0.21 N c.! = 0.29 N d.! = N e.! = 0.
A harmonic wave propagates horizontally along a taut string of length! = 8.0 m and mass! = 0.23 kg. The vertical displacement of the string along its length is given by!!,! = 0.1!m cos 1.5!!! +!0.8!!,
More informationChapter 35. Interference
Chapter 35 Interference The concept of optical interference is critical to understanding many natural phenomena, ranging from color shifting in butterfly wings to intensity patterns formed by small apertures.
More informationPREMED COURSE, 14/08/2015 OSCILLATIONS
PREMED COURSE, 14/08/2015 OSCILLATIONS PERIODIC MOTIONS Mechanical Metronom Laser Optical Bunjee jumping Electrical Astronomical Pulsar Biological ECG AC 50 Hz Another biological exampe PERIODIC MOTIONS
More informationInterference- Michelson Interferometer. Interference lecture by Dr. T.Vishwam
Interference- Michelson Interferometer Interference lecture by Dr. T.Vishwam * Measurement of the coherence length of a spectral line * Measurement of thickness of thin transparent flakes * Measurement
More informationand the radiation from source 2 has the form. The vector r points from the origin to the point P. What will the net electric field be at point P?
Physics 3 Interference and Interferometry Page 1 of 6 Interference Imagine that we have two or more waves that interact at a single point. At that point, we are concerned with the interaction of those
More informationSome Topics in Optics
Some Topics in Optics The HeNe LASER The index of refraction and dispersion Interference The Michelson Interferometer Diffraction Wavemeter Fabry-Pérot Etalon and Interferometer The Helium Neon LASER A
More informationModern Physics. Luis A. Anchordoqui. Department of Physics and Astronomy Lehman College, City University of New York. Lesson III September 3, 2015
Modern Physics Luis A. Anchordoqui Department of Physics and Astronomy Lehman College, City University of New York Lesson III September 3, 2015 L. A. Anchordoqui (CUNY) Modern Physics 9-17-2015 1 / 23
More informationThe science of light. P. Ewart
The science of light P. Ewart Oxford Physics: Second Year, Optics Parallel reflecting surfaces t images source Extended source path difference xcos 2t=x Fringes localized at infinity Circular fringe constant
More informationSound Waves. Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium Sound waves are produced from vibrating objects.
Sound Waves Sound waves are longitudinal waves traveling through a medium Sound waves are produced from vibrating objects Introduction Sound Waves: Molecular View When sound travels through a medium, there
More informationAristotle: If a man on top of a mast in a moving ship drops an object, it would fall toward the back of the ship.
Aristotle: If a man on top of a mast in a moving ship drops an object, it would fall toward the back of the ship. Aristotle Galileo v Galileo: The object would land at the base of the mast. Therefore,
More informationModern Physics. Relativity: Describes objects moving close to or at the speed of light (spaceships, photons, electrons )
Modern Physics At the beginning of the twentieth century, two new theories revolutionized our understanding of the world and modified old physics that had existed for over 200 years: Relativity: Describes
More informationPHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 34: SPECIAL RELATIVITY.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: INERTIAL REFERENCE FRAMES A reference frame is a coordinate system that you make measurements in, and there are two types: - Inertial reference frames, which move at velocity
More informationLecture 18. In other words, if you double the stress, you double the resulting strain.
Lecture 18 Stress and Strain and Springs Simple Harmonic Motion Cutnell+Johnson: 10.1-10.4,10.7-10.8 Stress and Strain and Springs So far we ve dealt with rigid objects. A rigid object doesn t change shape
More informationStanding waves [49 marks]
Standing waves [49 marks] 1. The graph shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion (SHM). At which velocity does the displacement from the mean position
More informationcos(θ)sin(θ) Alternative Exercise Correct Correct θ = 0 skiladæmi 10 Part A Part B Part C Due: 11:59pm on Wednesday, November 11, 2015
skiladæmi 10 Due: 11:59pm on Wednesday, November 11, 015 You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due Grading Policy Alternative Exercise 1115 A bar with cross sectional
More informationPHYS 214 Exam Spring 2017 Midterm
PHYS 214 Exam Spring 2017 Midterm 1. Two identical loudspeakers produce sound of equal intensity and frequency = 1200 Hz. The sound waves travel at a speed of 340 m/s. The speakers are driven in phase
More informationDouble Slit is VERY IMPORTANT because it is evidence of waves. Only waves interfere like this.
Double Slit is VERY IMPORTANT because it is evidence of waves. Only waves interfere like this. Superposition of Sinusoidal Waves Assume two waves are traveling in the same direction, with the same frequency,
More informationPrac%ce Quiz 8. These are Q s from old quizzes. I do not guarantee that the Q s on this year s quiz will be the same, or even similar.
Prac%ce Quiz 8 These are Q s from old quizzes. I do not guarantee that the Q s on this year s quiz will be the same, or even similar. A laser beam shines vertically upwards. What laser power is needed
More informationExam 3 Review. Chapter 10: Elasticity and Oscillations A stress will deform a body and that body can be set into periodic oscillations.
Exam 3 Review Chapter 10: Elasticity and Oscillations stress will deform a body and that body can be set into periodic oscillations. Elastic Deformations of Solids Elastic objects return to their original
More informationLaser Lab Finding Young s Modulus
Laser Lab Finding Young s Modulus The Setup Liang Pei ( 裴亮 ) Phys. H McLaughlin Due Date: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 The purpose of the lab was to find the Young s Modulus for a length of steel piano wire.
More information22 Which of the following correctly defines the terms stress, strain and Young modulus? stress strain Young modulus
PhysicsndMathsTutor.com Which of the following correctly defines the terms stress, strain and Young modulus? 97/1/M/J/ stress strain Young modulus () x (area) (extension) x (original length) (stress) /
More informationSpace, Time and Simultaneity
PHYS419 Lecture 11: Space, Time & Simultaneity 1 Space, Time and Simultaneity Recall that (a) in Newtonian mechanics ( Galilean space-time ): time is universal and is agreed upon by all observers; spatial
More informationChapter 10. Interference of Light
Chapter 10. Interference of Light Last Lecture Wave equations Maxwell equations and EM waves Superposition of waves This Lecture Two-Beam Interference Young s Double Slit Experiment Virtual Sources Newton
More informationCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS FINAL EXAMINATION TRIMESTER 1, 2010/2011
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS FINAL EXAMINATION TRIMESTER 1, 2010/2011 PROGRAMME SUBJECT CODE : Foundation in Engineering : PHYF144 SUBJECT : Physics 3 DATE : October 2010 TIME VENUE : 2 hours
More informationA) n L < 1.0 B) n L > 1.1 C) n L > 1.3 D) n L < 1.1 E) n L < 1.3
1. A beam of light passes from air into water. Which is necessarily true? A) The frequency is unchanged and the wavelength increases. B) The frequency is unchanged and the wavelength decreases. C) The
More informationQuestions from April 2003 Physics Final Exam
Questions from April 003 Physics 111.6 Final Exam A1. Which one of the following statements concerning scalars and vectors is FALSE? (A) A vector quantity deals with magnitude and direction. (B) The direction
More informationUNIVERSITY OF MALTA G.F. ABELA JUNIOR COLLEGE
UNIVERSITY OF MALTA G.F. ABELA JUNIOR COLLEGE FIRST YEAR END-OF-YEAR TEST SUBJECT: PHYSICS DATE: Tuesday 9 th June 015 LEVEL: ADVANCED TIME: 09.00h to 1.00h Directions to Candidates Show ALL working. Write
More information-- Angular momentum. -- Equilibrium. Final Exam. During class (1-3:55 pm) on 6/27, Mon Room: 412 FMH (classroom)
inal Exam During class (1-3:55 pm) on 6/27, Mon Room: 412 MH (classroom) Bring scientific calculators No smart phone calculators l are allowed. Exam covers everything learned in this course. tomorrow s
More informationJF Theoretical Physics PY1T10 Special Relativity
JF Theoretical Physics PY1T10 Special Relativity 12 Lectures (plus problem classes) Prof. James Lunney Room: SMIAM 1.23, jlunney@tcd.ie Books Special Relativity French University Physics Young and Freedman
More informationLIGHT and SPECIAL RELATIVITY FRAMES OF REFERENCE
VISUAL PHYSICS ONLINE MODULE 7 NATURE OF LIGHT LIGHT and SPECIAL RELATIVITY FRAMES OF REFERENCE The location of an object and its velocity depends upon the frame of reference of an observer. Inertial frame
More informationFalse and correct fringe-shift expectations in the Michelson- Morley experiment.
False and correct fringe-shift expectations in the Michelson- Morley experiment. Gyula Korom Mail: korom@chello.hu Summary In the original papers of Michelson and Morley, erroneous, seriously misleading
More informationA beam of coherent monochromatic light from a distant galaxy is used in an optics experiment on Earth.
Waves_P2 [152 marks] A beam of coherent monochromatic light from a distant galaxy is used in an optics experiment on Earth. The beam is incident normally on a double slit. The distance between the slits
More informationIntroduction. Abstract
The Michelson-Morley Experiment and Classical nalysis of Reflection of Light From a Moving Mirror - Implications for the Lorentz Transformation Equations bstract HenokTadesse, Electrical Engineer, Sc.
More informationClass XI Physics. Ch. 9: Mechanical Properties of solids. NCERT Solutions
Downloaded from Class XI Physics Ch. 9: Mechanical Properties of solids NCERT Solutions Page 242 Question 9.1: A steel wire of length 4.7 m and cross-sectional area 3.0 10 5 m 2 stretches by the same amount
More informationQuestion 9.1: A steel wire of length 4.7 m and cross-sectional area 3.0 10 5 m 2 stretches by the same amount as a copper wire of length 3.5 m and cross-sectional area of 4.0 10 5 m 2 under a given load.
More informationCenter of Gravity Pearson Education, Inc.
Center of Gravity = The center of gravity position is at a place where the torque from one end of the object is balanced by the torque of the other end and therefore there is NO rotation. Fulcrum Point
More informationAn Interferometer Experiment that can be Many Orders of Magnitude More Sensitive than the Michelson-Morley Experiment
An Interferometer Experiment that can be Many Orders of Magnitude More Sensitive than the Michelson-Morley Experiment Henok Tadesse, Electrical Engineer, BSc. Ethiopia, Debrezeit, P.O Box 412 Mobile: +251
More informationAQA Physics A-level Section 12: Turning Points in Physics
AQA Physics A-level Section 12: Turning Points in Physics Key Points Discovery of electrons A discharge tube contains a low-pressure gas with a high potential difference across it. Electrons are pulled
More informationRotational Mechanics and Relativity --- Summary sheet 1
Rotational Mechanics and Relativity --- Summary sheet 1 Centre of Mass 1 1 For discrete masses: R m r For continuous bodies: R dm i i M M r body i Static equilibrium: the two conditions for a body in static
More informationLight as a Transverse Wave.
Waves and Superposition (Keating Chapter 21) The ray model for light (i.e. light travels in straight lines) can be used to explain a lot of phenomena (like basic object and image formation and even aberrations)
More informationPHYS 1114, Lecture 33, April 10 Contents:
PHYS 1114, Lecture 33, April 10 Contents: 1 This class is o cially cancelled, and has been replaced by the common exam Tuesday, April 11, 5:30 PM. A review and Q&A session is scheduled instead during class
More informationPS210 - Optical Techniques. Section VI
PS210 - Optical Techniques Section VI Section I Light as Waves, Rays and Photons Section II Geometrical Optics & Optical Instrumentation Section III Periodic and Non-Periodic (Aperiodic) Waves Section
More informationThe rotation of a particle about an axis is specified by 2 pieces of information
1 How to specify rotational motion The rotation of a particle about an axis is specified by 2 pieces of information 1) The direction of the axis of rotation 2) A magnitude of how fast the particle is "going
More informationMECE 3321 MECHANICS OF SOLIDS CHAPTER 3
MECE 3321 MECHANICS OF SOLIDS CHAPTER 3 Samantha Ramirez TENSION AND COMPRESSION TESTS Tension and compression tests are used primarily to determine the relationship between σ avg and ε avg in any material.
More informationGeneral Physics (PHY 2140)
General Physics (PHY 2140) Lecture 12 Electricity and Magnetism 1. AC circuits and EM waves The Electromagnetic Spectrum The Doppler Effect 6/20/2007 Modern Physics 1. Relativity Galilean Relativity Speed
More informationAN OVERVIEW OF LIGO Adapted from material developed by Brock Wells Robert L. Olds Junior High School, Connell, WA August 2001
AN OVERVIEW OF LIGO Adapted from material developed by Brock Wells Robert L. Olds Junior High School, Connell, WA August 2001 The purpose of this guide is to provide background about the LIGO project at
More informationPURE BENDING. If a simply supported beam carries two point loads of 10 kn as shown in the following figure, pure bending occurs at segment BC.
BENDING STRESS The effect of a bending moment applied to a cross-section of a beam is to induce a state of stress across that section. These stresses are known as bending stresses and they act normally
More informationUNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON PHYS6012W1 SEMESTER 1 EXAMINATION 2012/13 Coherent Light, Coherent Matter Duration: 120 MINS Answer all questions in Section A and only two questions in Section B. Section A carries
More informationCHAPTER 1: PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AMD MEASUREMENT
CHAPTER 1: PHYSICAL UANTITIES AMD MEASUREMENT 11 Physical uantities and Units a) State basic quantities and their respective SI units: length (m), time (s), mass (kg), electrical current (A), temperature
More informationValidation of the Source-Detector Simulation Formulation
LASER INTERFEROMETER GRAVITATIONAL WAVE OBSERVATORY -LIGO- CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Technical Note LIGO-T00152-00- E 7/1/0 Validation of the Source-Detector
More informationEXAMPLE: MODELING THE PT326 PROCESS TRAINER
CHAPTER 1 By Radu Muresan University of Guelph Page 1 EXAMPLE: MODELING THE PT326 PROCESS TRAINER The PT326 apparatus models common industrial situations in which temperature control is required in the
More informationPMT. GCE AS and A Level. Physics A. AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards. Unit 2: Approved specimen question paper. Version 1.
GCE AS and A Level Physics A AS exams 2009 onwards A2 exams 2010 onwards Unit 2: Approved specimen question paper Version 1.1 Surname Other Names Leave blank Centre Number Candidate Number Candidate Signature
More informationExperiment O-2. The Michelson Interferometer
Experiment O-2 The Michelson Interferometer The Michelson interferometer is one of the best known and historically important interferometers. It is a very accurate length-measuring device and has been
More informationDiffraction I. Physics 2415 Lecture 37. Michael Fowler, UVa
Diffraction I Physics 2415 Lecture 37 Michael Fowler, UVa Today s Topics Michelson s interferometer The Michelson Morley experiment Single-slit diffraction Eye of a fly Angular resolution Michelson Interferometer
More informationA NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON THE EXPANSION OF HORIZONTALLY ROTATING HELICAL SPRINGS
A NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS ON THE EXPANSION OF HORIZONTALLY ROTATING HELICAL SPRINGS Reza Montazeri Namin School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, I. R. Iran. Abstract
More informationExperiment 6: Interferometers
Experiment 6: Interferometers Nate Saffold nas2173@columbia.edu Office Hour: Mondays, 5:30PM-6:30PM @ Pupin 1216 INTRO TO EXPERIMENTAL PHYS-LAB 1493/1494/2699 NOTE: No labs and no lecture next week! Outline
More informationAPPENDICES 121 The readings of a normal student in the lab Experiment No. 1: To find the volume of a cylinder using Vernier calipers. Observations and Calculations: Value of the smallest scale division
More informationCHAPTER 4 TEST REVIEW
IB PHYSICS Name: Period: Date: # Marks: 74 Raw Score: IB Curve: DEVIL PHYSICS BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS CHAPTER 4 TEST REVIEW 1. In which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum is radiation
More informationQuestion 9.1: Answer. Length of the steel wire, L 1 = 4.7 m. Area of cross-section of the steel wire, A 1 = m 2
Question 9.1: A steel wire of length 4.7 m and cross-sectional area 3.0 10 5 m 2 stretches by the same amount as a copper wire of length 3.5 m and cross-sectional area of 4.0 10 5 m 2 under a given load.
More informationInterference it s importance not only in surveying
Interference it s importance not only in surveying Anna Barańska, D.Sc., Ph.D. Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering Department of Geomatics AGH, Kraków, Poland FIG Working Week, Sofia,
More informationStatic Equilibrium; Elasticity & Fracture
Static Equilibrium; Elasticity & Fracture The Conditions for Equilibrium Statics is concerned with the calculation of the forces acting on and within structures that are in equilibrium. An object with
More informationSolution to phys101-t112-final Exam
Solution to phys101-t112-final Exam Q1. An 800-N man stands halfway up a 5.0-m long ladder of negligible weight. The base of the ladder is.0m from the wall as shown in Figure 1. Assuming that the wall-ladder
More informationChapter 3. Load and Stress Analysis. Lecture Slides
Lecture Slides Chapter 3 Load and Stress Analysis 2015 by McGraw Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner.
More informationStresses in Curved Beam
Stresses in Curved Beam Consider a curved beam subjected to bending moment M b as shown in the figure. The distribution of stress in curved flexural member is determined by using the following assumptions:
More informationENTER RELATIVITY THE HELIOCENTRISM VS GEOCENTRISM DEBATE ARISES FROM MATTER OF CHOOSING THE BEST REFERENCE POINT. GALILEAN TRANSFORMATION 8/19/2016
ENTER RELATIVITY RVBAUTISTA THE HELIOCENTRISM VS GEOCENTRISM DEBATE ARISES FROM MATTER OF CHOOSING THE BEST REFERENCE POINT. GALILEAN TRANSFORMATION The laws of mechanics must be the same in all inertial
More information1. Waves and Particles 2. Interference of Waves 3. Wave Nature of Light
1. Waves and Particles 2. Interference of Waves 3. Wave Nature of Light 1. Double-Slit Eperiment reading: Chapter 22 2. Single-Slit Diffraction reading: Chapter 22 3. Diffraction Grating reading: Chapter
More informationUNITS AND DEFINITIONS RELATED TO BIOMECHANICAL AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHICAL MEASUREMENTS
APPENDIX B UNITS AND DEFINITIONS RELATED TO BIOMECHANICAL AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHICAL MEASUREMENTS All units used are SI (Système International d Unités). The system is based on seven well-defined base units
More informationChapter 15 Oscillations
Chapter 15 Oscillations Summary Simple harmonic motion Hook s Law Energy F = kx Pendulums: Simple. Physical, Meter stick Simple Picture of an Oscillation x Frictionless surface F = -kx x SHM in vertical
More informationBefore we work on deriving the Lorentz transformations, let's first look at the classical Galilean transformation.
Background The curious "failure" of the Michelson-Morley experiment in 1887 to determine the motion of the earth through the aether prompted a lot of physicists to try and figure out why. The first attempt
More informationCalculate the percentage uncertainty in the number of lines per metre suggested by this marking.
Q1.A student has a diffraction grating that is marked 3.5 10 3 lines per m. (a) Calculate the percentage uncertainty in the number of lines per metre suggested by this marking. percentage uncertainty =...
More informationSummary PHY101 ( 2 ) T / Hanadi Al Harbi
الكمية Physical Quantity القانون Low التعريف Definition الوحدة SI Unit Linear Momentum P = mθ be equal to the mass of an object times its velocity. Kg. m/s vector quantity Stress F \ A the external force
More informationPHY410 Optics Exam #3
PHY410 Optics Exam #3 NAME: 1 2 Multiple Choice Section - 5 pts each 1. A continuous He-Ne laser beam (632.8 nm) is chopped, using a spinning aperture, into 500 nanosecond pulses. Compute the resultant
More informationAdvanced Structural Analysis EGF Section Properties and Bending
Advanced Structural Analysis EGF316 3. Section Properties and Bending 3.1 Loads in beams When we analyse beams, we need to consider various types of loads acting on them, for example, axial forces, shear
More informationInterferometers. PART 1: Michelson Interferometer The Michelson interferometer is one of the most useful of all optical instru
Interferometers EP421 Lab Interferometers Introduction: Interferometers are the key to accurate distance measurement using optics. Historically, when mechanical measurements dominated, interferometers
More information