Review. First Law Review

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1 First Law Review 1. Wile E. Coyote runs off the cliff. He correctly follows Newton s law because he was moving forward, so he continues to move forward. However, he now has an unbalanced force acting down (Weight not balanced by normal any longer), so he should also be traveling down! 2. Before he jumps, both the skater and the skateboard are moving forward. When he jumps, they will both keep moving forward at the same rate, so that when he lands, they should be in the same place! 3. The head and the handle are both moving down as you swing. When the table stops the handle, the head will continue to move down, therefore being pushed into the handle more!

2 First Law Review 4. The ketchup and bottle are both moving down (much like the hammer.) When you stop the bottle, the ketchup keeps moving down and therefore out of the open bottle! 5. When you are hit from behind, the car will abruptly move forward (out from under you). Your body will be pushed forward by the seat, but your head is often left in place (so that it appears to move back). The head rest allows your head to be pushed forward with the car as well as your body. 6. The car moves forward under you while you remain at rest. So it is really the seat being pushed forward into you, not you moving backward into the seat.

3 Force & Motion 1. A force is required to keep an object moving in a given direction. False, only when friction is present to oppose the motion 2. An upward moving object must be experiencing an upward force. False, things moving up want to stay moving up, even without a force! 3. A rightward moving object must be experiencing a rightward force. False, things moving right want to stay moving right 4. A ball is moving upwards and rightwards towards its peak. The ball experiences a force that is directed upwards and rightwards. False, we know gravity is acting down! 5. If a person throws a ball with his hand, then the force of the hand upon the ball is experienced by the ball for at least a little while after the ball leaves the hand. False, as soon as the hand lets go, the applied force is gone!

4 Force & Motion 6. A cannonball is shot from a cannon at a very high speed. The force of the explosion will be experienced by the cannonball for several seconds (or a least a little while). False, as soon as it leaves the cannon, the applied force is gone 7. If an object is at rest, then there are no forces acting upon the object. False, gravity acts on everything! Something must be balancing it! 8. An object in motion must be experiencing an unbalanced force. False, only if it accelerating. Constant velocity is balanced 9. An object s inertia will keep it moving in a straight line. True! 10. An object s inertia will eventually run out, that s why it stops. False. Things typically stop because of friction, or some other unbalanced force.

5 Mass & Weight 1. Objects do NOT weigh anything when placed in a vacuum. False, there is still gravity, just no air 2. All objects weigh the same amount when placed in a vacuum, regardless of their mass. False, mass is what determines weight! 3. An object weighs less on the moon than it does on the Earth. True! Less gravity 4. The mass of an object on the moon is the same as its mass on the Earth. True! Mass doesn t change 5. A high-speed object will weigh less than the same object when at rest. False, weight only depends on mass & gravity, not speed

6 Mass & Weight 6. A high-speed object will possess measurably more mass than the same object when at rest. False, speed doesn t change amount of matter 7. Weight is measured in pounds; mass is measured in Newtons. False, weight can be pounds or Newtons. Mass is kg. 8. A free-falling object still has weight. True. It s what pulls it down. 9. Weight is the result of air pressure exerted upon an object. False, it s the result of gravity.

7 Mass, weight & inertia 1.What is being measured in the picture below? Mass or weight? Explain how you know. Weight, because mass is the same everywhere. It s weight that changes with gravity. 2. What is another term for weight? What symbol do we use for weight? Force of gravity - F g 3. An object has a mass of 8.0 kg. What is its weight? (Show work!) Fg = (8.0kg)(-9.8) = N (or just 78.4 N 4. An object has a weight of 3500 N. What is its mass? N = (m)(-9.8) m = 357 kg

8 5. What is inertia? Is inertia a force? Resistance to change; not a force! 6. How are inertia and mass related? Greater mass = greater inertia 7. If a moose were chasing you through the woods its enormous mass would be very threatening. However, if you ran in a zig zag line, its mass would be to your advantage. Explain why. Greater mass = greater inertia = harder to change direction in the zig zagging 8. Rank the following object from least inertia to greatest inertia. C, D, A, B (based only on mass!) 9. Which of the objects above would be the hardest to start from rest. Which would be the hardest to stop? B for both

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