Prof. Paolo Colantonio a.a
|
|
- Ashley McGee
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Prof. Paolo olantonio a.a
2 The D bias point is affected by thermal issue due to the active device parameter variations with temperature I 1 I I 0 I [ma] V R } I 5 } I 4 } I 3 Q 2 } I 2 Q 1 } I 1 V } I =0 V E [V] oth I O and V E vary with the temperature, thus resulting in a variation of I Prof. Paolo olantonio 2 30
3 To reduce thermal issue, a feedback solution could be adopted V R I 1 I + v i - R 2 R E I E If the bias current I is increasing, then the voltage drop across R E is increasing also onsequently the base emitter voltage V E is decreasing Accounting for the device input characteristics, the base current I will be reduced Thus the device output current (I =H FE I ) will be reduced However, as we will see later, the resistor R E will reduce the A gain, therefore typically it is short circuited by a parallel capacitance Prof. Paolo olantonio 3 30
4 y adding in the circuit some element that is bias dependent, thus able to reproduce the same variation of V E, I 0 (and ), it is possible to compensate the I variation ompensation of I 0 V I 0 is the diode reverse saturated current R + I I Assuming V >>V E >>1 I 0 VE I E I I I 0 V I 0 - I I I 0 1 I 0 I Prof. Paolo olantonio 4 30
5 In the integrated implementation, since the resistor RE requires a by pass capacitance to allow higher gain, and this capacitance could be very high, a different approach is adopted ompensation in integrated circuits V The transistor Q 1 resembles a diode, being V E1 =V E1 Its collector current I 1 is given by: R I I 2 I 1 V V E1 I 1 I 2 v i I 1 Q 1 V E1 I 1 I 2 V E2 Q 2 v o Assuming V >>V E1 and (I 1 +I 2 )<<I 1 I 1 V const If the two transistors are similar, accounting for V E1 =V E2 and =R, then the bias current I 2 is constant I 2 I 1 V const Prof. Paolo olantonio 5 30
6 ompensation in integrated circuits The addiction of the two resistors R 2 er 3 improves the circuit behavior In this case, in fact, are the biasing currents I 1 and I 2,insteadofV E1 and V E2, to control the D behavior of Q 1 and Q 2 V If R 2 =R 3 then I 1 I 2 I I I I v i R 3 R Q 2 I 2 v o 0 V I 1 2 I I R 2 V E1 I 1 V V E1 2 R 2 R 1 I R 2 =R 3 Q 1 V E1 I 1 V E2 y a suitable selection of parameter, and accounting that Q 1 =Q 2, it is possible to obtain I 2 I 1 V const Moreover, selecting R =1/2 then V E2 V I 2 R V 2 Prof. Paolo olantonio 6 30
7 Assuming a generic two port a representation is made by assuming some electrical quantities as independent variables, while the remaining ones are dependent R g i 1 i 2 v g v 1 v 2 In particular, starting from the set of equation I 2 f I 1,V 2 V 1 gi 1,V 2 y a series expansion around the quiescent bias point (i.e. Taylor or McLaurin ) I 2 I 2 I I 1 I 2 V 1 V I 2 2 I 2 2 I I 2 2 V 1 2 V V 1 V 1 I I 1 V 1 V 1 V V 1 2 I 2 2 I V 1 2 V 1 2 V I 2 I I 1 V 1 V V 1 I I 1 V 1 V 2 2 Prof. Paolo olantonio 7 30
8 Is a first order approximation is considered I I i i v I1 V v 0 2 i V V v i v I1 V v 0 2 i Defining h 11 V V 1 1 h12 I1 v2 0 V i2 2 0 h 21 I I 2 2 h22 I1 v2 0 V i2 2 0 An hybrid representation can be obtained v h i h v i h i h v Prof. Paolo olantonio 8 30
9 In particular, referring to the ommon Emitter configuration v g R g i 1 v 1 v 2 i 2 v h i h v 1 ie b re e i h i h v c fe b oe e h ie v i b b v c 0 Input resistance with the output short circuited (ohms). h re v v b c 0 i b Voltage gain -1 with the input open (dimensionless). h fe i i c b v c 0 Forward current gain with the output short circuited (dimensionless). h oe i v c c i b 0 Output conductance with the input open (ohms -1 ) Prof. Paolo olantonio 9 30
10 The previous equation can be represented by an equivalent circuit model (hybrid model) v h i h v i h i h v 1 ie b re e c fe b oe e Prof. Paolo olantonio 10 30
11 orrente di base I,mA V 1 V I V 2 V V V I V I V cos t cos t = V 2 -V1 ollector current I, ma I =200μA I V I I I V cos t cos t ollector-emitter voltage V E, V ase voltage V E,V Typical values: h fe n 10 n 100 h re h ie Ω h oe Prof. Paolo olantonio 11 30
12 Accounting for the h parameter values, the model can be further simplified, assuming: r o 1 h oe Accounting for the diode behaviour of the base emitter junction, it is possible to define: g m i v E v ce 0 i c i b i b v be h FE I Q V T I Q V T 40 I Q Thus obtaining the following model (similar to FET): Prof. Paolo olantonio 12 30
13 The basic amplifier configuration are named according to the JT pin that is common to both input and output networks ommon Emitter (E) + i ommon ollector () i R S R S + v s i v E E v ce V + i v s v E E V o V V - ommon ase () R i R o R S E i + v s v i =v E v =v o V Prof. Paolo olantonio 13 30
14 For each configuration, the equivalent hybrid model can be used, by assuming for the [h] parameters the corresponding values, i.e. the second letter of the subscript represent the device configuration ommon Emitter (E) h ie,h fe,h re,h oe ommon ollector () h ic,h fc,h rc,h oc R s [h je ] R s [h jc ] E v s + v s + E R s ommon ase () h ib,h fb,h rb,h ob E v s + [h jb ] With this appraoch the [h] parameters assume different values, but the amplifier relationships (voltage gain, input and output resistance) have the same form Prof. Paolo olantonio 14 30
15 A different approach is based on the adoption of the same JT equivalent model (i.e. E [h] parameters h xe ) In this case the expressions are different ommon Emitter (E) ommon ollector () R s R s v s + E v s + E ommon ase () R s v s + E Prof. Paolo olantonio 15 30
16 v s R s I 1 1 I 2 2 R I s 1 1 h I i 2 2 I L I L h f I 1 h o V 1 V 2 Z L V 1 V 2 Z L 1' Two-port active network (transistor) 2' v s 1' + hrv2 2' Z i Y 0 Z i Y 0 h Approximate conversion formulas for hybrid parameters h ic h ie h rc 1 1 h oc hoe fc h fe h h ib ob h ie 1 h fe hoe 1 h fe hie hoe h rb h 1 hfe hfe h fb 1 h Prof. Paolo olantonio fe re
17 onsider the following circuit from which we want determine the quiescent collector current and the quiescent output voltage, given that the h FE of the transistor is 100 The base emitter voltage V E is approximately 0.7V I V V E R 10.2 A I h FE I 1.02 ma V E V O V I R 5.2 Prof. Paolo olantonio V
18 Determine the small signal voltage gain, input resistance and output resistance of the following circuit, given that h fe = 100 and h oe = 100 us The first step is to construct the small signal equivalent circuit Prof. Paolo olantonio 18 30
19 We first need to establish g m and h ie. From the earlier example I E I =1.02mA.Therefore g m 40 I E 40.8 ms h ie v be i b v be i c h fe h fe g m 2.45 k Prof. Paolo olantonio 19 30
20 Voltage gain A V v o v be g m v be R // 1 v be h oe g m R 1 hoe R 1 hoe g m R R h oe If the simplified model is considered, accounting for the large value of 1/h oe A V v o v be g m R 192 Given the inaccuracies involved, this seems a reasonable approximation Prof. Paolo olantonio 20 30
21 Input resistance R in R //h ie h ie 2.4 k Output resistance R out R // 1 h oe R 4.7 k Prof. Paolo olantonio 21 30
22 V Small signal equivalent circuit R i in 1 i b 1 i out v out v in //R 2 h ie h fe i b 1/h oe v out v in R 2 R in R out R out A V hi // 1 fe b R L v h out oe RL R R h 1// R2 // h h fe v h i h in ie b ie in ie ie R out 1 h oe 1 R ' R // R h out L L oe A I i v R i R v out out in in L in h fe Prof. Paolo olantonio 22 30
23 V Small signal equivalent circuit i in i b 1 v in //R 2 h ie h fe i b 1/h oe v in R 2 v out R in R out R in i out v out A V v 1 hfe ib R out L 1 vin hie 1 hfe R L ib v h 1 h R i R h h R ' in ie fe L b in ie 1 fe L ib ib R out vout hieib hie i h out 1 h 1 fe ib fe R R // R // R in ' in // 1// 2 iout vout Rin R h in ie hfe RL R R A A 1h i R v R R I V fe in L in L L Prof. Paolo olantonio 23 30
24 V Small signal equivalent circuit i b 1 h ie h fe i b i out v out R 2 v out R E v in R in R E v in i in A V v hir R out fe b L L hfe vin ibhie hie ' R R out out R L R out R out R in vin hieib hie i h in 1 h 1 fe ib fe A I i hi out fe b 1 i 1h i in fe b Prof. Paolo olantonio 24 30
25 V Small signal equivalent circuit i b R 1 h ie h fe i b v out,2 v in //R 2 R v in R 2 v out,2 R E v out,1 R E v out,1 R in R out,1 R o u t,2 A v 1h i h R out,1 fe b E fe E V,1 vin h 1 ie 1 ie h h h fe R E i b fe RE If R E =R,thenA V,1 = A V,2 A V,2 v hir hr out,2 fe b fe 1 1 v h h R i h h R in ie fe E b ie fe E R out,1 hi ie b 1 h fe i b hie 1 h fe 1 // 1// 2 Rin hie hfe RE R R Rout The output resistances are different!!! Prof. Paolo olantonio 25 30
26 V V V V R v out v out,2 v in R 2 v in R 2 v out R 2 R E v in v out v in R 2 R E v out,1 Out,2 Out,1 E E (with R E ) (with R ) A V h fe /h ie 1 h fe /h ie h fe R /[h ie +(1+h fe )R E ] (1+h fe )R E /[h ie +(1+h fe )R E ] R in h ie h ie +(1+h fe ) h ie /(1+h fe ) h ie +(1+h fe )R E h ie +(1+h fe )R E R out h ie /(1+h fe ) h ie /(1+h fe ) A I h fe 1+h fe 1 h fe R /R E 1+h fe Prof. Paolo olantonio 26 30
27 As we have seen the use of resistor RE in the E amplifier is useful to stabilize the device operating point. It is also useful to stabilize the gain behaviour, resulting in: V R A V with R E v h out fer v h 1h R in ie fe E R R E 1 v in R 2 v out A V without R E v v out in hfer h ie R E With feedback, the voltage gain is fixed by the resistive components, that are two stable and well defined passive components. Without the feedback the gain is h fe /h ie, thus varying with the transistor s operating condition and its variability (for h ie and h fe ) Prof. Paolo olantonio 27 30
28 However, the use of RE drastically reduces the amplifier voltage gain Thus it is quite common to remove the A feedback by using a decoupling capacitor Prof. Paolo olantonio 28 30
29 The adoption of the decoupling capacitor change the frequency response of the amplifier also A V E without feedback h /h fer ie andwidth f 2 Frequency E with feedback A V h /h fer ie R /R E andwidth f 3 Frequency E with R E and decoupling capacitor A V h /h fer ie R /R E andwidth f 1 f LOW f 2 Frequency Prof. Paolo olantonio 29 30
30 The total emitter resistance R E1 +R E2 can be tailored to suit the biasing requirements of the circuit Only part of this resistance can be decoupled (R E2 ) to produce the required smallsignal performance (R /R E1 ) Prof. Paolo olantonio 30 30
CHAPTER.4: Transistor at low frequencies
CHAPTER.4: Transistor at low frequencies Introduction Amplification in the AC domain BJT transistor modeling The re Transistor Model The Hybrid equivalent Model Introduction There are three models commonly
More informationSmall-Signal Midfrequency BJT Amplifiers
Small-Signal Midfrequency JT Amplifiers 6.. INTRODUTION For sufficiently small emitter-collector voltage and current excursions about the quiescent point (small signals), the JT is considered linear; it
More informationJunction Bipolar Transistor. Characteristics Models Datasheet
Junction Bipolar Transistor Characteristics Models Datasheet Characteristics (1) The BJT is a threeterminal device, terminals are named emitter, base and collector. Small signals, applied to the base,
More informationChapter 9 Bipolar Junction Transistor
hapter 9 ipolar Junction Transistor hapter 9 - JT ipolar Junction Transistor JT haracteristics NPN, PNP JT D iasing ollector haracteristic and Load Line ipolar Junction Transistor (JT) JT is a three-terminal
More informationVI. Transistor amplifiers: Biasing and Small Signal Model
VI. Transistor amplifiers: iasing and Small Signal Model 6.1 Introduction Transistor amplifiers utilizing JT or FET are similar in design and analysis. Accordingly we will discuss JT amplifiers thoroughly.
More informationTransistor Characteristics and A simple BJT Current Mirror
Transistor Characteristics and A simple BJT Current Mirror Current-oltage (I-) Characteristics Device Under Test DUT i v T T 1 R X R X T for test Independent variable on horizontal axis Could force current
More informationA two-port network is an electrical network with two separate ports
5.1 Introduction A two-port network is an electrical network with two separate ports for input and output. Fig(a) Single Port Network Fig(b) Two Port Network There are several reasons why we should study
More informationSection 1: Common Emitter CE Amplifier Design
ECE 3274 BJT amplifier design CE, CE with Ref, and CC. Richard Cooper Section 1: CE amp Re completely bypassed (open Loop) Section 2: CE amp Re partially bypassed (gain controlled). Section 3: CC amp (open
More informationTransistor amplifiers: Biasing and Small Signal Model
Transistor amplifiers: iasing and Small Signal Model Transistor amplifiers utilizing JT or FT are similar in design and analysis. Accordingly we will discuss JT amplifiers thoroughly. Then, similar FT
More informationCapacitors Diodes Transistors. PC200 Lectures. Terry Sturtevant. Wilfrid Laurier University. June 4, 2009
Wilfrid Laurier University June 4, 2009 Capacitor an electronic device which consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulator Capacitor an electronic device which consists of two conductive
More informationAt point G V = = = = = = RB B B. IN RB f
Common Emitter At point G CE RC 0. 4 12 0. 4 116. I C RC 116. R 1k C 116. ma I IC 116. ma β 100 F 116µ A I R ( 116µ A)( 20kΩ) 2. 3 R + 2. 3 + 0. 7 30. IN R f Gain in Constant Current Region I I I C F
More informationChapter 5. BJT AC Analysis
Chapter 5. Outline: The r e transistor model CB, CE & CC AC analysis through r e model common-emitter fixed-bias voltage-divider bias emitter-bias & emitter-follower common-base configuration Transistor
More informationID # NAME. EE-255 EXAM 3 April 7, Instructor (circle one) Ogborn Lundstrom
ID # NAME EE-255 EXAM 3 April 7, 1998 Instructor (circle one) Ogborn Lundstrom This exam consists of 20 multiple choice questions. Record all answers on this page, but you must turn in the entire exam.
More information55:041 Electronic Circuits The University of Iowa Fall Exam 2
Exam 2 Name: Score /60 Question 1 One point unless indicated otherwise. 1. An engineer measures the (step response) rise time of an amplifier as t r = 0.35 μs. Estimate the 3 db bandwidth of the amplifier.
More informationLecture 7: Transistors and Amplifiers
Lecture 7: Transistors and Amplifiers Hybrid Transistor Model for small AC : The previous model for a transistor used one parameter (β, the current gain) to describe the transistor. doesn't explain many
More informationVidyalankar S.E. Sem. III [EXTC] Analog Electronics - I Prelim Question Paper Solution
. (a) S.E. Sem. [EXTC] Analog Electronics - Prelim Question Paper Solution Comparison between BJT and JFET BJT JFET ) BJT is a bipolar device, both majority JFET is an unipolar device, electron and minority
More informationMod. Sim. Dyn. Sys. Amplifiers page 1
AMPLIFIERS A circuit containing only capacitors, amplifiers (transistors) and resistors may resonate. A circuit containing only capacitors and resistors may not. Why does amplification permit resonance
More informationMod. Sim. Dyn. Sys. Amplifiers page 1
AMPLIFIERS A circuit containing only capacitors, amplifiers (transistors) and resistors may resonate. A circuit containing only capacitors and resistors may not. Why does amplification permit resonance
More informationBiasing the CE Amplifier
Biasing the CE Amplifier Graphical approach: plot I C as a function of the DC base-emitter voltage (note: normally plot vs. base current, so we must return to Ebers-Moll): I C I S e V BE V th I S e V th
More informationWhereas the diode was a 1-junction device, the transistor contains two junctions. This leads to two possibilities:
Part Recall: two types of charge carriers in semiconductors: electrons & holes two types of doped semiconductors: n-type (favor e-), p-type (favor holes) for conduction Whereas the diode was a -junction
More informationChapter 13 Small-Signal Modeling and Linear Amplification
Chapter 13 Small-Signal Modeling and Linear Amplification Microelectronic Circuit Design Richard C. Jaeger Travis N. Blalock 1/4/12 Chap 13-1 Chapter Goals Understanding of concepts related to: Transistors
More informationChapter 2 - DC Biasing - BJTs
Objectives Chapter 2 - DC Biasing - BJTs To Understand: Concept of Operating point and stability Analyzing Various biasing circuits and their comparison with respect to stability BJT A Review Invented
More informationECE-342 Test 3: Nov 30, :00-8:00, Closed Book. Name : Solution
ECE-342 Test 3: Nov 30, 2010 6:00-8:00, Closed Book Name : Solution All solutions must provide units as appropriate. Unless otherwise stated, assume T = 300 K. 1. (25 pts) Consider the amplifier shown
More informationS.E. Sem. III [ETRX] Electronic Circuits and Design I
S.E. Sem. [ETRX] Electronic ircuits and Design Time : 3 Hrs.] Prelim Paper Solution [Marks : 80 Q.1(a) What happens when diode is operated at high frequency? [5] Ans.: Diode High Frequency Model : This
More informationKOM2751 Analog Electronics :: Dr. Muharrem Mercimek :: YTU - Control and Automation Dept. 1 4 DC BIASING BJTS (CONT D II )
KOM2751 Analog Electronics :: Dr. Muharrem Mercimek :: YTU - Control and Automation Dept. 1 4 DC BIASING BJTS (CONT D II ) Most of the content is from the textbook: Electronic devices and circuit theory,
More informationBipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Introduction
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Introduction It was found in 1948 at the Bell Telephone Laboratories. It is a three terminal device and has three semiconductor regions. It can be used in signal amplification
More informationBJT Biasing Cont. & Small Signal Model
BJT Biasing Cont. & Small Signal Model Conservative Bias Design (1/3, 1/3, 1/3 Rule) Bias Design Example Small-Signal BJT Models Small-Signal Analysis 1 Emitter Feedback Bias Design R B R C V CC R 1 R
More informationBJT Biasing Cont. & Small Signal Model
BJT Biasing Cont. & Small Signal Model Conservative Bias Design Bias Design Example Small Signal BJT Models Small Signal Analysis 1 Emitter Feedback Bias Design Voltage bias circuit Single power supply
More informationChapter 2. - DC Biasing - BJTs
Chapter 2. - DC Biasing - BJTs Objectives To Understand : Concept of Operating point and stability Analyzing Various biasing circuits and their comparison with respect to stability BJT A Review Invented
More informationAs light level increases, resistance decreases. As temperature increases, resistance decreases. Voltage across capacitor increases with time LDR
LDR As light level increases, resistance decreases thermistor As temperature increases, resistance decreases capacitor Voltage across capacitor increases with time Potential divider basics: R 1 1. Both
More informationassess the biasing requirements for transistor amplifiers
1 INTODUTION In this lesson we examine the properties of the bipolar junction transistor (JT) amd its typical practical characteristics. We then go on to devise circuits in which we can take best advantage
More informationElectronic Circuits. Transistor Bias Circuits. Manar Mohaisen Office: F208 Department of EECE
lectronic ircuits Transistor Bias ircuits Manar Mohaisen Office: F208 mail: manar.subhi@kut.ac.kr Department of Review of the Precedent Lecture Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) BJT haracteristics and
More informationNotes for course EE1.1 Circuit Analysis TOPIC 10 2-PORT CIRCUITS
Objectives: Introduction Notes for course EE1.1 Circuit Analysis 4-5 Re-examination of 1-port sub-circuits Admittance parameters for -port circuits TOPIC 1 -PORT CIRCUITS Gain and port impedance from -port
More informationElectronic Circuits 1. Transistor Devices. Contents BJT and FET Characteristics Operations. Prof. C.K. Tse: Transistor devices
Electronic Circuits 1 Transistor Devices Contents BJT and FET Characteristics Operations 1 What is a transistor? Three-terminal device whose voltage-current relationship is controlled by a third voltage
More informationThe Common-Emitter Amplifier
c Copyright 2009. W. Marshall Leach, Jr., Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. The Common-Emitter Amplifier Basic Circuit Fig. shows the circuit diagram
More informationHomework Assignment 08
Homework Assignment 08 Question 1 (Short Takes) Two points each unless otherwise indicated. 1. Give one phrase/sentence that describes the primary advantage of an active load. Answer: Large effective resistance
More informationBJT - Mode of Operations
JT - Mode of Operations JTs can be modeled by two back-to-back diodes. N+ P N- N+ JTs are operated in four modes. HO #6: LN 251 - JT M Models Page 1 1) Forward active / normal junction forward biased junction
More informationForward-Active Terminal Currents
Forward-Active Terminal Currents Collector current: (electron diffusion current density) x (emitter area) diff J n AE qd n n po A E V E V th ------------------------------ e W (why minus sign? is by def.
More informationfigure shows a pnp transistor biased to operate in the active mode
Lecture 10b EE-215 Electronic Devices and Circuits Asst Prof Muhammad Anis Chaudhary BJT: Device Structure and Physical Operation The pnp Transistor figure shows a pnp transistor biased to operate in the
More informationTransistors. Lesson #9 Chapter 4. BME 372 Electronics I J.Schesser
Transistors Lesson #9 hapter 4 252 JT egions of Operation 7.03 6.03 5.03 4.03 3.03 2.03 1.03 0.00 Saturation Active i amps i =50 ma 40 ma 30 ma 20 ma 10 ma 0 ma 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 v volts utoff There
More informationDEPARTMENT OF ECE UNIT VII BIASING & STABILIZATION AMPLIFIER:
UNIT VII IASING & STAILIZATION AMPLIFIE: - A circuit that increases the amplitude of given signal is an amplifier - Small ac signal applied to an amplifier is obtained as large a.c. signal of same frequency
More informationSection 5.4 BJT Circuits at DC
12/3/2004 section 5_4 JT Circuits at DC 1/1 Section 5.4 JT Circuits at DC Reading Assignment: pp. 421-436 To analyze a JT circuit, we follow the same boring procedure as always: ASSUME, ENFORCE, ANALYZE
More informationCARLETON UNIVERSITY. FINAL EXAMINATION December DURATION 3 HOURS No. of Students 130
ALETON UNIVESITY FINAL EXAMINATION December 005 DUATION 3 HOUS No. of Students 130 Department Name & ourse Number: Electronics ELE 3509 ourse Instructor(s): Prof. John W. M. ogers and alvin Plett AUTHOIZED
More informationLecture 18 - The Bipolar Junction Transistor (II) Regimes of Operation April 19, 2001
6.012 - Microelectronic Devices and ircuits - Spring 2001 Lecture 18-1 Lecture 18 - The ipolar Junction Transistor (II) Regimes of Operation April 19, 2001 ontents: 1. Regimes of operation. 2. Large-signal
More informationBipolar junction transistors
Bipolar junction transistors Find parameters of te BJT in CE configuration at BQ 40 µa and CBQ V. nput caracteristic B / µa 40 0 00 80 60 40 0 0 0, 0,5 0,3 0,35 0,4 BE / V Output caracteristics C / ma
More informationElectronic Circuits Summary
Electronic Circuits Summary Andreas Biri, D-ITET 6.06.4 Constants (@300K) ε 0 = 8.854 0 F m m 0 = 9. 0 3 kg k =.38 0 3 J K = 8.67 0 5 ev/k kt q = 0.059 V, q kt = 38.6, kt = 5.9 mev V Small Signal Equivalent
More information55:041 Electronic Circuits The University of Iowa Fall Final Exam
Final Exam Name: Score Max: 135 Question 1 (1 point unless otherwise noted) a. What is the maximum theoretical efficiency for a class-b amplifier? Answer: 78% b. The abbreviation/term ESR is often encountered
More informationESE319 Introduction to Microelectronics. BJT Biasing Cont.
BJT Biasing Cont. Biasing for DC Operating Point Stability BJT Bias Using Emitter Negative Feedback Single Supply BJT Bias Scheme Constant Current BJT Bias Scheme Rule of Thumb BJT Bias Design 1 Simple
More informationBasic Electronics Prof. Dr. Chitralekha Mahanta Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
Basic Electronics Prof. Dr. Chitralekha Mahanta Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Module: 2 Bipolar Junction Transistors Lecture-4 Biasing
More informationChapter 10 Instructor Notes
G. izzoni, Principles and Applications of lectrical ngineering Problem solutions, hapter 10 hapter 10 nstructor Notes hapter 10 introduces bipolar junction transistors. The material on transistors has
More information1. (50 points, BJT curves & equivalent) For the 2N3904 =(npn) and the 2N3906 =(pnp)
HW 3 1. (50 points, BJT curves & equivalent) For the 2N3904 =(npn) and the 2N3906 =(pnp) a) Obtain in Spice the transistor curves given on the course web page except do in separate plots, one for the npn
More informationLecture 13 MOSFET as an amplifier with an introduction to MOSFET small-signal model and small-signal schematics. Lena Peterson
Lecture 13 MOSFET as an amplifier with an introduction to MOSFET small-signal model and small-signal schematics Lena Peterson 2015-10-13 Outline (1) Why is the CMOS inverter gain not infinite? Large-signal
More informationLecture 18 - The Bipolar Junction Transistor (II) Regimes of Operation. November 10, 2005
6.012 - Microelectronic Devices and ircuits - Fall 2005 Lecture 18-1 Lecture 18 - The ipolar Junction Transistor (II) ontents: 1. Regimes of operation. Regimes of Operation November 10, 2005 2. Large-signal
More informationLecture 37: Frequency response. Context
EECS 05 Spring 004, Lecture 37 Lecture 37: Frequency response Prof J. S. Smith EECS 05 Spring 004, Lecture 37 Context We will figure out more of the design parameters for the amplifier we looked at in
More informationCircle the one best answer for each question. Five points per question.
ID # NAME EE-255 EXAM 3 November 8, 2001 Instructor (circle one) Talavage Gray This exam consists of 16 multiple choice questions and one workout problem. Record all answers to the multiple choice questions
More informationEECS 105: FALL 06 FINAL
University of California College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Jan M. Rabaey TuTh 2-3:30 Wednesday December 13, 12:30-3:30pm EECS 105: FALL 06 FINAL NAME Last
More informationBiasing BJTs CHAPTER OBJECTIVES 4.1 INTRODUCTION
4 DC Biasing BJTs CHAPTER OBJECTIVES Be able to determine the dc levels for the variety of important BJT configurations. Understand how to measure the important voltage levels of a BJT transistor configuration
More informationEE 321 Analog Electronics, Fall 2013 Homework #8 solution
EE 321 Analog Electronics, Fall 2013 Homework #8 solution 5.110. The following table summarizes some of the basic attributes of a number of BJTs of different types, operating as amplifiers under various
More informationA.M. WEDNESDAY, 13 May minutes
Candidate Name Centre Number Candidate Number 0 GCSE 293/02 ELECTRONICS MODULE TEST E1 HIGHER TIER AM WEDNESDAY, 13 May 2009 45 minutes For Examiner s use Total Mark ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition to
More informationEngineering 1620 Spring 2011 Answers to Homework # 4 Biasing and Small Signal Properties
Engineering 60 Spring 0 Answers to Homework # 4 Biasing and Small Signal Properties.).) The in-band Thevenin equivalent source impedance is the parallel combination of R, R, and R3. ( In-band implies the
More information6.012 Electronic Devices and Circuits
Page 1 of 12 YOUR NAME Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology 6.012 Electronic Devices and Circuits FINAL EXAMINATION Open book. Notes: 1. Unless
More informationESE319 Introduction to Microelectronics Common Emitter BJT Amplifier
Common Emitter BJT Amplifier 1 Adding a signal source to the single power supply bias amplifier R C R 1 R C V CC V CC V B R E R 2 R E Desired effect addition of bias and signal sources Starting point -
More informationGeneral Purpose Transistors
General Purpose Transistors NPN and PNP Silicon These transistors are designed for general purpose amplifier applications. They are housed in the SOT 33/SC which is designed for low power surface mount
More informationThe BJT Differential Amplifier. Basic Circuit. DC Solution
c Copyright 010. W. Marshall Leach, Jr., Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. The BJT Differential Amplifier Basic Circuit Figure 1 shows the circuit
More informationAlternating Current Circuits. Home Work Solutions
Chapter 21 Alternating Current Circuits. Home Work s 21.1 Problem 21.11 What is the time constant of the circuit in Figure (21.19). 10 Ω 10 Ω 5.0 Ω 2.0µF 2.0µF 2.0µF 3.0µF Figure 21.19: Given: The circuit
More informationHomework Assignment 09
Homework Assignment 09 Question 1 (Short Takes) Two points each unless otherwise indicated. 1. What is the 3-dB bandwidth of the amplifier shown below if r π = 2.5K, r o = 100K, g m = 40 ms, and C L =
More informationCharge-Storage Elements: Base-Charging Capacitance C b
Charge-Storage Elements: Base-Charging Capacitance C b * Minority electrons are stored in the base -- this charge q NB is a function of the base-emitter voltage * base is still neutral... majority carriers
More informationDC Biasing. Dr. U. Sezen & Dr. D. Gökçen (Hacettepe Uni.) ELE230 Electronics I 15-Mar / 59
Contents Three States of Operation BJT DC Analysis Fixed-Bias Circuit Emitter-Stabilized Bias Circuit Voltage Divider Bias Circuit DC Bias with Voltage Feedback Various Dierent Bias Circuits pnp Transistors
More informationCHAPTER.6 :TRANSISTOR FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CHAPTER.6 :TRANSISTOR FREQUENCY RESPONSE To understand Decibels, log scale, general frequency considerations of an amplifier. low frequency analysis - Bode plot low frequency response BJT amplifier Miller
More informationTwo-Port Noise Analysis
Berkeley Two-Port Noise Analysis Prof. Ali M. Niknejad U.C. Berkeley Copyright c 2015 by Ali M. Niknejad 1/26 Equivalent Noise Generators v 2 n Noisy Two-Port i 2 n Noiseless Two-Port Any noisy two port
More informationMP6901 MP6901. High Power Switching Applications. Hammer Drive, Pulse Motor Drive and Inductive Load Switching. Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25 C)
TOSHIBA Power Transistor Module Silicon Epitaxial Type (Darlington power transistor in ) High Power Switching Applications. Hammer Drive, Pulse Motor Drive and Inductive Load Switching. Industrial Applications
More informationLecture 050 Followers (1/11/04) Page ECE Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems II P.E. Allen
Lecture 5 Followers (1/11/4) Page 51 LECTURE 5 FOLLOWERS (READING: GHLM 344362, AH 221226) Objective The objective of this presentation is: Show how to design stages that 1.) Provide sufficient output
More informationElectronics II. Final Examination
The University of Toledo f17fs_elct27.fm 1 Electronics II Final Examination Problems Points 1. 11 2. 14 3. 15 Total 40 Was the exam fair? yes no The University of Toledo f17fs_elct27.fm 2 Problem 1 11
More informationBCR191.../SEMB1 BCR191/F/L3 BCR191T/W BCR191S SEMB1. Type Marking Pin Configuration Package BCR191 BCR191F BCR191L3 2=E 2=E 2=E =C 3=C 3=C
PNP Silicon Digital Transistor Switching circuit, inverter, interface circuit, driver circuit Built in bias resistor (R = kω, R = kω ) For 6PIN packages: two (galvanic) internal isolated transistors with
More informationLecture 210 Physical Aspects of ICs (12/15/01) Page 210-1
Lecture 210 Physical Aspects of ICs (12/15/01) Page 210-1 LECTURE 210 PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF ICs (READING: Text-Sec. 2.5, 2.6, 2.8) INTRODUCTION Objective Illustrate the physical aspects of integrated circuits
More informationLecture 06: Current Mirrors
Lecture 06: Current Mirrors Analog IC Design Dr. Ryan Robucci Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, UMBC Spring 2015 Dr. Ryan Robucci Lecture VI 1 / 26 Lowered Resistance Looking into
More informationEE 330 Lecture 31. Basic Amplifier Analysis High-Gain Amplifiers Current Source Biasing (just introduction)
330 Lecture 31 asic Amplifier Analysis High-Gain Amplifiers urrent Source iasing (just introduction) eview from Last Time ommon mitter onfiguration ommon mitter onsider the following application (this
More informationEE 330 Lecture 22. Small Signal Modelling Operating Points for Amplifier Applications Amplification with Transistor Circuits
EE 330 Lecture 22 Small Signal Modelling Operating Points for Amplifier Applications Amplification with Transistor Circuits Exam 2 Friday March 9 Exam 3 Friday April 13 Review Session for Exam 2: 6:00
More informationTWO-PORT NETWORKS. Enhancing Your Career. Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and think what nobody has thought.
C H A P T E R TWO-PORT NETWORKS 8 Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and think what nobody has thought. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Enhancing Your Career Career in Education While two thirds of
More informationUniversity of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh Experiment #8 Lab Report The Bipolar Junction Transistor: Characteristics and Models Submission Date: 11/6/2017 Instructors: Dr. Minhee Yun John Erickson Yanhao Du Submitted By:
More informationTutorial #4: Bias Point Analysis in Multisim
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING ECE 2115: ENGINEERING ELECTRONICS LABORATORY Tutorial #4: Bias Point Analysis in Multisim INTRODUCTION When BJTs
More informationMicroelectronic Devices and Circuits Lecture 13 - Linear Equivalent Circuits - Outline Announcements Exam Two -
6.012 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits Lecture 13 Linear Equivalent Circuits Outline Announcements Exam Two Coming next week, Nov. 5, 7:309:30 p.m. Review Subthreshold operation of MOSFETs Review Large
More informationI. Frequency Response of Voltage Amplifiers
I. Frequency Response of Voltage Amplifiers A. Common-Emitter Amplifier: V i SUP i OUT R S V BIAS R L v OUT V Operating Point analysis: 0, R s 0, r o --->, r oc --->, R L ---> Find V BIAS such that I C
More information(e V BC/V T. α F I SE = α R I SC = I S (3)
Experiment #8 BJT witching Characteristics Introduction pring 2015 Be sure to print a copy of Experiment #8 and bring it with you to lab. There will not be any experiment copies available in the lab. Also
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences EE 105: Microelectronic Devices and Circuits Spring 2008 MIDTERM EXAMINATION #1 Time
More informationDESIGN MICROELECTRONICS ELCT 703 (W17) LECTURE 3: OP-AMP CMOS CIRCUIT. Dr. Eman Azab Assistant Professor Office: C
MICROELECTRONICS ELCT 703 (W17) LECTURE 3: OP-AMP CMOS CIRCUIT DESIGN Dr. Eman Azab Assistant Professor Office: C3.315 E-mail: eman.azab@guc.edu.eg 1 TWO STAGE CMOS OP-AMP It consists of two stages: First
More informationECE 304: Bipolar Capacitances E B C. r b β I b r O
ECE 34: Bipolar Capacitances The Bipolar Transistor: S&S pp. 485497 Let s apply the diode capacitance results to the bipolar transistor. There are two junctions in the bipolar transistor. The BC (basecollector)
More informationIndustrial Technology: Electronic Technology Crosswalk to AZ Math Standards
Page 1 of 1 August 1998 1M-P1 Compare and contrast the real number system and its various subsystems with regard to their structural characteristics. PO 2 PO 3 2.0 Apply mathematics calculations. 2.1 Apply
More informationChapter 9 Frequency Response. PART C: High Frequency Response
Chapter 9 Frequency Response PART C: High Frequency Response Discrete Common Source (CS) Amplifier Goal: find high cut-off frequency, f H 2 f H is dependent on internal capacitances V o Load Resistance
More informationMMIX4B12N300 V CES = 3000V. = 11A V CE(sat) 3.2V. High Voltage, High Gain BIMOSFET TM Monolithic Bipolar MOS Transistor
High Voltage, High Gain BIMOSFET TM Monolithic Bipolar MOS Transistor Preliminary Technical Information V CES = 3V 11 = 11A V CE(sat) 3.2V C1 C2 (Electrically Isolated Tab) G1 E1C3 G2 E2C G3 G E3E C1 C2
More informationOperational Amplifiers
Operational Amplifiers A Linear IC circuit Operational Amplifier (op-amp) An op-amp is a high-gain amplifier that has high input impedance and low output impedance. An ideal op-amp has infinite gain and
More informationLecture 15: MOS Transistor models: Body effects, SPICE models. Context. In the last lecture, we discussed the modes of operation of a MOS FET:
Lecture 15: MOS Transistor models: Body effects, SPICE models Context In the last lecture, we discussed the modes of operation of a MOS FET: oltage controlled resistor model I- curve (Square-Law Model)
More informationLecture 35 - Bipolar Junction Transistor (cont.) November 27, Current-voltage characteristics of ideal BJT (cont.)
6.720J/3.43J - Integrated Microelectronic Devices - Fall 2002 Lecture 35-1 Lecture 35 - Bipolar Junction Transistor (cont.) November 27, 2002 Contents: 1. Current-voltage characteristics of ideal BJT (cont.)
More informationClass AB Output Stage
Class AB Output Stage Class AB amplifier Operation Multisim Simulation - VTC Class AB amplifier biasing Widlar current source Multisim Simulation - Biasing 1 Class AB Operation v I V B (set by V B ) Basic
More informationSOME USEFUL NETWORK THEOREMS
APPENDIX D SOME USEFUL NETWORK THEOREMS Introduction In this appendix we review three network theorems that are useful in simplifying the analysis of electronic circuits: Thévenin s theorem Norton s theorem
More informationIX. TRANSISTOR CIRCUITS
IX. TRANSISTOR CIRCUITS Prof. H. J. Zimmermann J. Blair C. T. Kerk Prof. R. B. Adler J. B. Cruz R. B. Martindale Prof. S. J. Mason J. Gross R. F. Meyer C. R. Hurtig A. VOLTAGE-REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES
More informationKOM2751 Analog Electronics :: Dr. Muharrem Mercimek :: YTU - Control and Automation Dept. 1 4 DC BIASING BJTS (CONT D)
KOM2751 Analog Electronics :: Dr. Muharrem Mercimek :: YTU Control and Automation Dept. 1 4 DC BIASING BJTS (CONT D) Most of the content is from the textbook: Electronic devices and circuit theory, Robert
More informationThe Miller Approximation
The Miller Approximation The exact analysis is not particularly helpful for gaining insight into the frequency response... consider the effect of C µ on the input only I t C µ V t g m V t R'out = r o r
More informationCA3086. General Purpose NPN Transistor Array. Applications. Pinout. Ordering Information. Data Sheet August 2003 FN483.5
Data Sheet August FN8. General Purpose NPN Transistor Array The consists of five general-purpose silicon NPN transistors on a common monolithic substrate. Two of the transistors are internally connected
More informationEE105 Fall 2014 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits
EE05 Fall 204 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits Prof. Ming C. Wu wu@eecs.berkeley.edu 5 Sutardja Dai Hall (SDH) Terminal Gain and I/O Resistances of BJT Amplifiers Emitter (CE) Collector (CC) Base (CB)
More information