Microstructure and corrosion properties of Al(Ni/TiB 2 ) intermetallic matrix composite coatings

Transcription

1 Sy Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) mll mx m g by A..I. l*, S.L. y, d O.M. l* L g ud f wd vy f l. B 2 /N mll mx m g w fbd Alub by hgh w Rf S Nd: YAG ld- l. h hz f h g w d u by l my (OM), g l my (SEM/EDS) d X- y Dff (XRD). Elhml udy f h l g 3.65 NCl m mu vld h wh vy hgh wgh f kl h f h g dd du h f AlB 10 h. 50 w B w N l g xhbd h hgh lu. Kywd C, v flm, l uf llyg, fm. Idu Emu h ff hv b dd wd h fb f uf g, whh fmd by xhm bw fm d ub. hmdymlly bl m/ mll g b fmd h uf f ml d lly by l uf llyg (LSA). LSA dvd ml g mhd h ff umu dvg v lv mhd: gd mllugl bd bw h fm ml d h ub, mmzd k d fm d hvm f mvd mhl d hml. F h, LSA h bm vl f lg h uf f m d lly. h vlv lw h u h uf f h ub h ul llzd mlg; wh h mulu j f llyg wd h fm f w lly ly mlhd. h h u hmdym y h fu f mu d h l llyg d. LSA du uf ly wh d muu d -qulbum m. h dg f hm dd h fl muu fmd, whh u dd h m d f h ml llyd d h l g m ud1 3. C f h m fquly ud u f flu f m. C mlx f xd/ du bw h ml/lly uf d lqud md. Nly ll ml wll d m dg. h d h x f h dd h dg f dmly f h ml/lly d h hyl d hml h f h md, ml/lly d h vm. Suh ml/lly d vm lumum d hld vly. h uf f Al d lly ubj lly wh xd hld vm. Suh uf h qu fqu l d ubj dmg by flkg mvl f h v ly fm h ub, d ug dff mhd uh g, llg d fw h. h f b vy hgh. Cdd m h ddd mly ld, h dwm d fy hzd b hgh duy. C l qu dbl kwldg f hmy d f h ym bg vlud3,4. h flu f fm h f ml mx m f h mj bl h u f h g. Alumum lly bd m mlly fm v xd flm g k. h dd f fg h uld ld fuh dmg h v flm, g h umb * hw Uvy f hlgy,, Suh Af. C f Sf d Idul Rh Nl L C,, Suh Af. h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy, SA ISSN X/ vd D. 2010; vd vd M h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 111 MAY

2 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) f wh b d. C k mmly d h flw hg h v flm du h f mll/m ul d mll h MMC. C k kw u flly d ud fg l fm-mx f. C f lumum MMC hv b udd by dff h bu h fm vlbl h lu f Al-bd m mm dy. h dff Al lly m vlbl d l dff ml/lly/m h b ud fm ml whh f xhb dff bhvu. L g m flu lg x h muu vlvd d quly h bhvu f h g dud3 5. Mjumd l. dvld hd u um bddd Al mx m ly Al ub d vlud h g y f l m 3.56 NCl lu d md wh h f vd Al. h uh d h h w mglly dd du h f B 2 d B l h mx2. Yu l. d u l uf m f 7075 lly whh dud w lumum xd ly h uf f h l-mld z. Fm h dym lz ul, h u w dud by muh x m d v g w bd. h ud m uffd wdd g, wh h ld m m ud ld k3. Chu l. mdfd h uf f AISI 316L l l wh N ug l uf llyg mhd. h ul hwd h h f h l llyd ml lghly f h f h AISI 316L ub. h w bud h f df d hmg g fm mlg, ldf d vlg k l g5. jg d Hu wkd f lu g dff f um hld d hydg xd 30 C fm v v flm u Al-bd m. h m v flm mvd h dug xu NCl lu4. I hf h m f h udy yhz mll mx m g AA1200. h ff f B 2 /N fm wh vyg wgh h d muu f h ul mll mx m g udd. h flu f l uf llyg g m h quly f fbd g wll l b vgd. Exml h g ml h udy lud wd f N d B 2. h wd w mxd dff 30 w B w N; 40 w B w N; 50 w B w N. A hl W 1713 X-y dffm fd wh mhm Cu Kα d 40 kv d 20 ma w ud dm h h m f wd. h w k bw 10 d 80 2 h (2Θ) wh z f 0.02 dg. h wd l mhlgy d z dbu w lyd ug g l m SEM d Mlv Mz 2000 mg ly. h df w d ug hl Alyl X HghS fw wh -bul Il C f Dff D (ICSD) db. h hml m f h ub ud h xm gv bl I. A mmlly u fm f AA1200 lumum l h b h ub ml. Al d lly hv b h h mx ml du h lw mlg, lw dy, wd lqud mu g d gd fmbly. AA1200 h md h gd f lumum d, uh, f h b mvd, b ud lm f h h xv gd f lumum. Bu kl kw b hghly my vm h fm h g bw 50 d 70% N; B 2 m ml h xhb gd xd, h w h hv lw f 50% d blw. h ub w u d mhd dm 100 x 100 x 6 mm; h w ubjd d blg l h uf d mv bvy f h l bm. h wd mb w k m d w fd h ml l by m f g g m. L uf llyg w h d u ug hgh w Rf S Nd: YAG ld- l. h l dlvd h g ml hugh fb. A Kuk b ud mv h llyg hd. h l m ud hw bl II. Sgl k f Al-B 2 -N l llyd ml w md ub. h d w vd whl h l w w hld. Af ful hk dug h mz, w ml w ld fm (bl II). Chz f l g h - f llyd ml w u d lhd, d w hd wh Kll g. h muu f h w h fmd w hzd by l d g l m. h h f h h w udd by m f x-y dff. Elhml A l dym w ud y u h lhml bhvu f h ml. Elhml mum w d ug Aulb (GSA30 mu lld) wh h Gl u Elhml Sfw (GES) kg v 4.9. All h mum w md m mu ug 3.65 NCl. h lu f h udy w d fm lyl gd g d dlld w. bl I Chml m f h ub ml Elm Al F Cu S Cm (w.%) Bl MAY 2011 VOLUME 111 h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy

3 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) bl II L m d m ud dug h l llyg xm Sml. Sym (Al- B2-N) w Bm dm S d wd fd Shldg g Shldg g m (kw) (mm) (m/m) (g/m) flw (l/m) 17 30%B 2 +70%N Ag %B 2 +70%N Ag %B 2 +50%N Ag %B 2 +50%N Ag %B 2 +60%N Ag %B 2 +60%N Ag 4 Sml 17 d 19 (30 B N); 23 d 25 (50 B N); 27 d 30 (40 B N) hd uf f 0.14, 0.13, 0.13, 0.13, 0.18 d 0.13 m2 vly. A lhml ll d f wkg ld (ml) gh d h u ld d lv/lv hld 3 M KCl ld h f ld (SCE). h m w mud xy, d gud dw 1200 g l bd h mum. h l (E ), d w dmd dgly. h m w d fm l f 1.5 V wh blzd u l (E ) f 0.25 mv 1. All h l d w vu h SCE l. f h hd d d fl l gv h vlu f h u dy (I ) d l (E ). A vg h vy f h lly,.. h ubly d h 3.65 NCl vm wh m, w d u ug u l (OC) mum. h v h OC vlu f h g w udd z ld u mmdly f h mm f h lly h dff md f hu. h v -u l fu f m f ll g d u lumum d 3.65 NCl, d Fgu 3. Rul d du Chz f g ml l z f wd h l z ly f h g wd w dmd ug h Mlv Mz 2000 l z ly. bl III hw h ummy f h l z f h g wd. h ul fm h bl hw h kl h h hgh vg l z, wh h 50:50 dmx wd f B 2 d N h h lw vg l z. I w l bvd h ly h kl wd hwd vg l z g h 30 μm. h ly f wd yl XRD um f h mxu b fm Fgu 1. I w l bvd h h y f h wd d h g f B 2 h mxu d. h wd ud w u. Elhml ul Cmv bhvu f h dff wgh g f B 2 /N w udd 3.65 NCl lu m mu. h d bd fm h lhml d dgly. h ff f vu N d B 2 h bhvu f h lly fmd w vgd h hld lu. h ul f mum md f h m vgd ummzd bl IV. Fgu 2 hw h lz uv f u Al d ll g mmd d 3.65 NCl lu 25 C. h Fgu 1 yl XRD um f h fm wd mxu: 50%B2+50%N bl III l z f h g wd ud h wk wd D10 (μm) D50 (μm) D90 (μm) N B %B 2 +70%N %B 2 +60%N %B 2 +50%N h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 111 MAY

4 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) bl IV Summy f h dym lz ul f ll l g Sml lbl E (V) I (A/m 2 ) (A) R (Ω) β (V/d) β (V/d) C (mm/y) Sml x x x x 10-2 Sml x x x x 10-2 Sml x x x x 10-4 Sml x x x x 10-3 Sml x x x x 10-3 Sml x x x x 10-3 AA x x x x 10-2 Fgu 2 dym lz uv f ll l g 25 C bd vy hd mud. h xv bl f h h bl f h kg bvd h f g (Fgu 5). Hwv, B 2 glly dud h fm f h h, dd h EDS ul, d quly h xv bl f g l dd. Fgu 5 d 6 hw h SEM mgh f h 30 B N g fbd ug dff l d. h l llyd mll mx g f h ml fully d d ufm; gd mllugl bdg vd bw h ub d fm. h l g md f h l h f Al- N dd d u f B 2 /Al d B 2 /N dbud h l h. I b h h hg h muu h d, h fm muu wll hg g z d mhlg. Mv, h vlum f f wd mxu jd dug LSA d h d d. h bud h wd ml l whh mk f m wd k; h l w d l bm dm w hld dug llyg, h lg f ll ml bu f d v. h lf d vbly f m d dmd lg x by h dh f h m ly. Fgu 3 O-u l uv f ll l g 30 B2+70 N g Fm h XRD um, h m f h g hv b dfd. Fgu 4 yl XRD um f 30 B N l g. Fu h w dfd h mgh, whh h dd h (AlN 3 ); N 4 B 3 ; B/B 2 h (gy lum) d AlB 10 b h glly dlyd h f g md wh h mxu. Adg Hu d jg, AlN 3 h mll h h dd uu d hzd by vy hgh mlg, lw dy, hgh f mdulu, gd xd d hgh hd; h xvly bl h15. I h m wy, h kl Fgu 4 yl XRD um f h 30%B2+70%N g 348 MAY 2011 VOLUME 111 h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy

5 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) Fgu 5 Sg l mgh f ml 17 () bf h (b) f () f Fgu 6 Sg l mgh f ml 19 () bf h (b) f Fgu 7 ghlly h dym uv d h OC vly f h 30 B N g d h f u Al. bl IV hw h ul f ll ml h d hld lu. h uv f u Al vld wll dfd l E fllwd by v g h u d ud 2.3 x 10-6 Am-2. Fgu 7 hw h f g xhb ml bhvu u Al. All l g fbd wh h fm xhbd d d u md h u Al, whh gd g f b ; hwv, f h vlu dd f h u dy dd, ll h llyd ml d h ud ml hv u d wh h m g. All h g h dlyd m d l,.. lghly hgh E. h hg wh h xml f ±400 ma, whh ugg h glv bu f h f fm wd. Sml 17 (70 N 0.6 m/m d) w bvd xhb vy bhvu. Sml 17 d 19 xhbd ml bhvu (E wh h m g f bh ml) h lz uv; h w ml hv lghly hgh h h u Al; Fgu 5b d 6b. Hwv, f h dd fm bl IV, h w ml hv xmly h m h ud ml. h bu f h v f ulg fm bw h mx lly d h fm dug g. h d f h ml b bud h f AlB 10 h h muu; fuhm, ml 17 xhbd lg u dy (4.0 x 10-6 A/m2) bu d lg mu f AlB 10 h h ml 19. h glv ff bw Al d B 2 glgbl. Bu h glv ff bw h AlB 10 h d lumum mx l h f h ml. Aully, h v lumum h glv ul g f AlB 10 /Al u h h ml d flly wh xd hld lu. h ml xhbd v k d l h h ufd Fgu 7 dym lz uv 30%B2+70%N g h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 111 MAY

6 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) AA1200. h f dff mx mj bu glv d h d f fl, gul. h k k l h fm-mx f Fgu 5 f ml 17. Adg Bl d Gullum (qud by Xu, Yu d M), mll l 6056 lly w h mj u f h ul f, ubquly ldg gul kg16. h ld h bud mf bdg d fu h mll mx m d mhz h d f lmg bw h Al d b. Fgu 5 d 6 hw h uf mhlg f ml 17 d 19. h ml vd by h l h f Al-N dd whh dm h muu bu f h hgh wgh g f N. h v flm h fmd h ml llud Fgu 5. I b h h flm ju vd m ll h m uf. Ll wh hgh N h d by h flm, v k hwv, b h g. 50 B2+50 N g Fgu 8 hw yl XRD um f 50 B N l g. h vu h dfd h g N 4 B 3, O 0.997,, dd h AlN 3 d B/B 2 h (gy). h f g h h dfd h um ml h g d by 30 B N x f O h. All h g h dlyd m d l,.. hgh E bu f h h h Al mx lk h O 0.997, AlN 3. h g hzd by hgh k f O 0.997, whh bbly h f h hgh. hy l hv lw N. All h g fbd wh 50 B N wd mxu xhbd b h u lumum. Sml 23 d 25 d xhb ml bhvu; h bhvu mlly dff fm h h d fm u Al, hw Fgu 9. h b bud h dff h d dug g (bl II). h ml dd xhb y v bhvu, lhugh h v f u Al w d. h b bud hgu uf bu f h f dff h. I h v g, h u f l llyd ml l h h f h ud ml. Fm bl IV, w d mgud d u w hvd. Adg lhml l, h ml wh lw u h lw v g. h f f ll l g w dd gfly by w d d mgud; bvu h ml 23 hd h lw wll lw u. A h v f h gl ml u h lw u md wh h l d ml, h v dy f h gl ml b h h f h l g. I w ludd h h f l d ml b h h f u Al. h bhvu f ml 23 w uqu mg ll h ml d h wk ( Fgu 2). Fgu 10 hw h SEM mgh f h ml bf d f h. A u l (E ), h u dy (I ) f h ud d l-d (ml 23) m 2.3 x 10-6 A/m2 d 6.1 x 10-8 A/m2 vly; wfld d w hvd f llyg. Sml 23 hd h m v l, h l u dy, d h h ml xhbd h b h lu md ll ml d. h f hgh by wgh f B 2 wd fm h mx f h g glly d ld d f h. Mll l. d h h f B 2 l bfl hg h g f Al-bd m14. h 50 B N g fvu h fm f h v flm muh m h h h fm. h bu f h hgh f whh m h fm f um xd flm. lm h h m v l d vy gv hmdym l f ml fm. h h fm vy v xd flm vy gv l, d h flm bkdw by hld. Mll l. l dd h v um xd flm b fmd h uf f B 2 ml wh mmd 3.5 w.% NCl lu 25 C14. Fgu 8 yl XRD um f h 50%B2+50%N g Fgu 9 dym lz uv 50%B2+50%N g 350 MAY 2011 VOLUME 111 h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy

7 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) () (b) () (d) Fgu 10 Sg l mgh f ml 23 () vvw f ml bf h (b) bf () f h lw mgf (d) f h hgh mgf Smlly, Al 2 O 3 v xd flm w l fmd h g wh mmd h hld lu. Hwv, h w xd w b h Almx bf h h XRD um (Fgu 8). hf hgh B 2 l bu hgh f ml 23 d 25. N fm f AlB 10 h b b h f g vdd by h x-y um. Fgu 10d vl w dff h v xd flm: f hgh f um xd flm whl b f hgh f Al 2 O 3 flm dd by gy dv my ly (EDS). h v flm gv h ml hgh. h d v ffv b h mx g k. h hld d b vy duv bu hy v h fm f v xd flm h ml uf d hu h. Ev hgh quly lly wll d f bly fm vg flm hdd. Dug lz, lgh v hd ud f ml 27 d 30; h g f v dlyd f h ml hgh h f ud ml. yl uf mhlg f h l g f h lz hw Fgu 12. Aly, h ud m uffd fm wdd g k bu h 40 B N g Fgu 11 yl XRD um f 40 B N l g. Fm h XRD, fu h w dfd whh h dd h AlN 3, N 5 O 7, N 3 B, Al 2 O 3. A u l (E ), h ul dd h h u dy (I ) f h ud d l-d (ml 30) m 2.3 x 10-6 A/m2 d 5.6 x 10-7 A/m2 vly. h ml h d mgud d u dy w bd f h l llyg m. h w dd b du h f h w d xd ly f h l-llyd z. h w ly mly d f O 2 d Al 2 O 3. h hmlly bl Fgu 11 yl XRD um f h 40%B2+60%N ml h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 111 MAY

8 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) u Al 3.7 x B N 4.3 x B N 6.8 x B N 6.5 x 10-4 Fgu 12 dym lz uv 40%B2+60%N ml u gly mvd f l llyg. h k h l d m w dfful bu h v xd ly, Al 2 O 3 fm f glu m, d vg ll g h uf d h O 2 g vg m h g. All ml xhbd b h h u Al. Al ll h g hv h l hgh h h f u Al. All h g h dlyd m d l,.. hgh E bu f h h h Al mx lk h N 5 O 7, Al 2 O 3, AlN 3. h g k f Al 2 O 3, h h bg. h u dlyd f u Al 1.5 x 10-6 A d f ml x 10-8 A; w d d mgud f h u w d. Fm lhml h, kw h h l u dy d h du f h u dy wll h h vy f h lly. I b h h l g xhb du f bh u dy d v-z-l l wh md wh h ud ml. Smlly, w d w l hvd h lz (R ) vlu f h ml. Cmg h f h ml, l d d w bvd. hf b fd h ll h g fbd wh 40 B N wd mxu xhbd b h u lumum, du h fm f v xd flm whh dly bl g. h f g dd xhb lgh v bhvu, lhugh h v f u Al w m d Fgu 12. Sml ul w bvd wh M l. llyd NCSB Al6061, h w mvm l bu h llyd fmd lkd v 3.5% NCl lu17. OC mum f ml 27 d 30 dd h h w bkdw h flm h uf h l g, fllwd by h fm f w v flm f dlu. C u dy, mud h mm f ld mm h lu, glly wh g N. h bd f h u Al d l g 0.6 m/m fllw: Hwv, h ul lly hw mum mu f kl qud bf hm f b hvd. Clly, hgh kl d mv. h b bud h muu f h g. XRD ly f ml 17 d 19 hw hgh k f Al-B h. h g f h dm h fm f h f llyg h g m. h f h g dd mly h muu h vlv dug mlg d lg. A vy lw d h gy u m d gfly, ulg h mlg f N l d ubquly lg m lqud bf bg bdd d ldfd, whh u uld h fm f Al-N mll h l h h mx. h wd ml l l ld hgh vlum f f N bg jd h ml l f h ub d mld. h ml glly xhbd l gv l ll h d lu h B 2 h m d. h ml gl dd hw y bl v--v bhvu h lu, bu v uly d g dly ud-v. O uld bv d mgud d h f h ml h B 2 d. A udy h vy f h ml,.. h d d h 3.65 NCl vm wh m, w d u ug u l (OC) mum. h v h OC vlu f h lly w udd z ld u mmdly f h mm f h lly h dff md f hu. h v -u l fu f m f ll h ml d 3.65 NCl d Fgu 3. h l w bvd hf wd v vlu f ml 23. h l f h ml glly fmd h f h f h ml d fm h lz. Sbl v flm w fmd h uf f h ml f l h l, x ml 30 d 25 whh dd h h w bkdw h flm h uf h l g, fllwd by h fm f w v flm f dlu. Sml 23 w bvd dly h hgh l vlu, whh fmd why xhbd h lw h dym lz. Clu Mul-h mll mx m g hv b ufully fbd Al ub by l uf llyg hqu. h ul f h vg vld h h uf quly d m f h hg wh h wgh f h fm wd d h l g m. Oh ul bd lud h fllwg: Alhugh h dd f kl mvd h f h g, hgh wgh g f N d ly ld gd 352 MAY 2011 VOLUME 111 h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy

9 Muu d f Al(N/B 2 ) wuld b xd. Hwv, ul hwd h B 2 glly h f g h wk. Cg dud ug h 30 w B w N wd xhbd h w, ully ml 17 d 19. D f h w bud h f AlB 10 h. h f dgd ld by h AlB 10 d Al glv ul. Al-B mud gly hd g mll mx d g hd, flg dlu f h v g d hg k. C k f h mll mx m f vy hgh f h kl l d h B 2 d. h 50 w B w N g fvu h fm f h v flm muh m h h h g. h bu f h hgh f whh m h fm f um xd flm. Smlly, Al 2 O 3 v xd flm l fmd h g wh mmd h hld lu. h v xd flm mvd h f g NCl lu. h w fud by h du u d d u d, d h dlm f l m v vlu. h b f h g w bd 50 w B w N wd mxu d dud ug h hgh d; h g l xhbd h lw mhd vlu u f ll h g d. Flly, h l f ll mll mx m g w glly m bl h h f u Al hld lu, ulg fm h fm f v uf flm fg h x f 30 w B w N g, whh xhbd bhvu l h f u Al. Rf 5. CHIU, K.Y., CHENG, F.., d MAN, H.C. C Bhvu f AISI 316L Sl Sl Suf-Mdfd wh N. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 200, 2006, DU, B., ZOU, Z., WANG, X., d QU, S. I u Syh f B 2 /F m g by L Clddg. Ml L, vl. 62, 2008, MAN, H.C., YANG, Y.Q., d LEE, W.B. L dud yh f C+WC fd ml mx m g Al Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 185, 2004, MAN, H.C., ZHANG, S., d CHENG, F.. Imvg h W f AA 6061 by L Suf Allyg wh N. Ml L, vl. 61, 2007, VAZIRI, S.A., SHAHVERDI, H.R., ORKAMANY, M.J., d SHABESARI, S.G. Eff f L m f Suf-Allyd Al Sub wh N. O d L Egg, vl. 47, 2009, CHEN, S.., MENG, Q.S., LIU, W., d MUNIR, Z.A. um Dbd-Nkl Gdd Ml d by Fld-Avd, u-ad Syh. Jul f Ml S, vl. 44, 2009, XU, J. d LIU, W. W Ch f u Syh B 2 ul- Rfd Al Mx Cm fmd by L Clddg. W 260, 2006, BABU, S.S., KELLY, S.M., MURUGANANH, M., d MARUKANIZ, R.. Rv G Shldg dug L Suf Allyg f du f Hd Cg. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 200, 2006, CHEN, Y. d WANG, H.M. Hgh-mu W R f L Cld C Rfd FAl u Cm Cg. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 179, 2004, NURMINEN, J., NAKKI, J., d VUORISO,. Muu d f Hd d W R MMC Cg Dd by L Clddg. I. Jul f Rfy Ml d Hd Ml, vl. 27, 2009, MAJUMDAR, J.D., CHANDRA, B.R., NAH, A.K., d MANNA, I. I u D f um Bd Alumum by L Cm Sufg f Imvd W R. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 201, 2006, MONICELLI, C., FRIGNANI, A., BELLOSI, A., BRUNORO, G., d RABANELLI, G. h C Bhvu f um Dbd Nul Chld Slu. C S, vl. 43, 2001, HUO, H. d JONG, S.C. C Bhvu f Al-bd Cm Cg u B 2, Al 2 O 3 d Al3 Rfm Ad 3.5% Sdum Chld Slu. Advd Egg Ml, vl. 9,. 7, 2007, YUE,.M., YAN, L.J., CHAN, C.., DONG, C.F., MAN, H.C., d ANG, G.K.H. Exm L Suf m f Alumum Ally AA7075 Imv C R. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 179, 2004, JONG, S.C. d HUO, H.W. C f u Al-Bd Cm by Cum Cv m. Jul f Ml Egg d fm, vl. 18, 2009, XU, W.L., YUE,.M., d MAN, H.C. Nd:YAG L Suf Mlg f Alumum Ally 6013 f Imvg g C Fgu R. Jul f Ml S, vl. 43, 2008, MAN, H.C., ZHANG, S., YUE,.M., d CHENG, F.. L Suf Allyg f NCSB Al6061 lumum lly. Suf d Cg hlgy, vl. 148, 2001, h Jul f h Suh Af Iu f Mg d Mllugy VOLUME 111 MAY