Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two
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1 Introduction Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, 2013 Dr. Jones 1 1 Department of Physics Drexel University October 1, 2013 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
2 Introduction What is momentum? Momentum is formally defined as p = mv, where m stands for mass and v stands for velocity. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
3 Introduction What is momentum? Momentum is formally defined as p = mv, where m stands for mass and v stands for velocity. Mass is the property of an object that corresponds to it s resistance to a change in velocity. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
4 Introduction What is momentum? Momentum is formally defined as p = mv, where m stands for mass and v stands for velocity. Mass is the property of an object that corresponds to it s resistance to a change in velocity. Velocity is not the same as speed. Velocity is speed plus direction. A car going 20 mph is not necessarily the same as a car going 20 mph North. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
5 Introduction What is momentum? Momentum is formally defined as p = mv, where m stands for mass and v stands for velocity. Mass is the property of an object that corresponds to it s resistance to a change in velocity. Velocity is not the same as speed. Velocity is speed plus direction. A car going 20 mph is not necessarily the same as a car going 20 mph North. If two objects with different masses are going the same speed, the one with the higher mass has more momentum. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
6 Introduction What is mass? Mass is not the same as weight. Objects with more mass will weigh more on Earth, but how would you distinguish between two similar looking objects with different weights way out in deep space without gravity? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
7 Introduction What is mass? Mass is not the same as weight. Objects with more mass will weigh more on Earth, but how would you distinguish between two similar looking objects with different weights way out in deep space without gravity? Suppose you are floating in deep space with no gravity. Two identically painted red spheres are in front of you. One is made of lead, the other is made of a light plastic. How can you tell which is which? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
8 Introduction What is mass? Mass is not the same as weight. Objects with more mass will weigh more on Earth, but how would you distinguish between two similar looking objects with different weights way out in deep space without gravity? Suppose you are floating in deep space with no gravity. Two identically painted red spheres are in front of you. One is made of lead, the other is made of a light plastic. How can you tell which is which? Give each sphere an equal push with your finger. That push is called a force. The lead sphere will travel away from you at a much slower speed than the plastic sphere. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
9 Introduction What is mass? In the presence of gravity, objects with more mass will weigh more. If a bowling ball and a ping-pong ball were to hit you at the same speed, which would hurt more? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
10 Introduction What is velocity? Speed is the rate at which an object travels through space. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
11 Introduction What is velocity? Speed is the rate at which an object travels through space. Rate means change with time. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
12 Introduction What is velocity? Speed is the rate at which an object travels through space. Rate means change with time. Change in time: t, Change in position in space: x Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
13 Introduction What is velocity? Speed is the rate at which an object travels through space. Rate means change with time. Change in time: t, Change in position in space: x Average speed: s = x t, the average speed over an entire trip; Instantaneous speed: dx dt, how fast something is going at any given time. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
14 Introduction What is velocity? Speed is the rate at which an object travels through space. Rate means change with time. Change in time: t, Change in position in space: x Average speed: s = x t, the average speed over an entire trip; Instantaneous speed: dx dt, how fast something is going at any given time. To make speed a velocity, add a direction. v = 20m/s North. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
15 Newton s Laws Newton s First Law Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon. Issac Newton Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
16 Newton s Laws Newton s First Law Every body perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon. Issac Newton Objects at rest stay at rest, and objects in motion along a straight line stay at the same speed and same direction; unless an outside force acts on said objects. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
17 Newton s Laws Newton s Second Law The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed. Issac Newton Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
18 Newton s Laws Newton s Second Law The alteration of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed. Issac Newton F = ma Here a means acceleration, and is the rate of change of the velocity of an object: a = dv dt. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
19 Newton s Laws Newton s Third Law To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction. Issac Newton Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
20 Newton s Laws Newton s Third Law To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction. Issac Newton These pairs of forces are called action-reaction pairs. Note that they happen on two different bodies, not on the same body. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
21 Newton s Laws Our first physics problem Forces are measured in Newtons N. A hockey puck is hit by two players at different angles as seen in the figure. Find the net force in the x direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
22 Newton s Laws Our first physics problem Forces are measured in Newtons N. A hockey puck is hit by two players at different angles as seen in the figure. Find the net force in the x direction. F x = F 1 cos( 20) + F 2 cos(60) = (5.0 cos( 20) cos(60)) N = 4.69 N + 4 N = 8.7 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
23 Newton s Laws Our second physics problem Forces are measured in Newtons N. A hockey puck is hit by two players at different angles as seen in the figure. Find the net force in the y direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
24 Newton s Laws Our second physics problem Forces are measured in Newtons N. A hockey puck is hit by two players at different angles as seen in the figure. Find the net force in the y direction. F y = F 1 sin( 20) + F 2 sin(60) = (5.0 sin( 20) sin(60)) N = 5.2 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
25 Newton s Laws Our third physics problem Find the net force acting on the hockey puck. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
26 Newton s Laws Our third physics problem Find the net force acting on the hockey puck. We can use something called vector notation. Everything in the x-direction gets labeled with a i-hat, which indicates that it is a vector in the x direction; in the y-direction we label is j-hat, which indicates that it is a vector in the y direction. F = 8.7Nî + 5.2Nĵ Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
27 Newton s Laws Our third physics problem Find the net force acting on the hockey puck. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
28 Newton s Laws Our third physics problem Find the net force acting on the hockey puck. We can also use the Pythagorean theorem to express the direction conventionally: F = = 10.N at an angle of θ = tan 1 (5.2/8.7) = 31. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
29 Newton s Laws Scalar verses Vectors A scalar quantity is completely specified by a single value with an appropriate unit and has no direction. Examples? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
30 Newton s Laws Scalar verses Vectors A scalar quantity is completely specified by a single value with an appropriate unit and has no direction. Examples? Temperature, time, length, brightness, volume, Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
31 Newton s Laws Scalar verses Vectors A scalar quantity is completely specified by a single value with an appropriate unit and has no direction. Examples? Temperature, time, length, brightness, volume, A vector quantity is completely specified by a number with an appropriate unit plus a direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
32 Newton s Laws Scalar verses Vectors A scalar quantity is completely specified by a single value with an appropriate unit and has no direction. Examples? Temperature, time, length, brightness, volume, A vector quantity is completely specified by a number with an appropriate unit plus a direction. Displacement, Force, velocity, Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
33 Newton s Laws Distance verses Displacement In the figure at left, distance traveled would be the full length of the curved line. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
34 Newton s Laws Distance verses Displacement In the figure at left, distance traveled would be the full length of the curved line. The displacement is the length of the straight line connecting point A to point B. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
35 Newton s Laws Newton s Laws in one statement F = d p dt Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
36 Newton s Laws Newton s Laws in one statement F = d p dt In most cases, we deal with systems where the mass of an object doesn t change so that d p dt = d (m v) = md v dt dt = m a acceleration is a vector it has direction, an object gets faster in a certain direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
37 Newton s Laws Newton s Laws in one statement F = d p dt In most cases, we deal with systems where the mass of an object doesn t change so that d p dt = d (m v) = md v dt dt = m a acceleration is a vector it has direction, an object gets faster in a certain direction. Can you think of examples where the mass of an object would change? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
38 Newton s Laws Newton s Laws in one statement F = d p dt In most cases, we deal with systems where the mass of an object doesn t change so that d p dt = d (m v) = md v dt dt = m a acceleration is a vector it has direction, an object gets faster in a certain direction. Can you think of examples where the mass of an object would change? Rocket, bag of rice with a hole in it rolling down a hill, Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
39 Force problems: Equilibrium Equilibrium Mechanical Equilibrium An object is in mechanical equilibrium if the sum of all the forces acting on the object is zero, that is, if all the forces acting on an object cancel out, or if there are no forces acting on the body. F = 0. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
40 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 4: Consider the hockey puck from our previous problems, What force must we use to put the puck into equilibrium? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
41 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 4: Consider the hockey puck from our previous problems, What force must we use to put the puck into equilibrium? The original force is: F i = 8.7Nî + 5.2Nĵ To zero-out this force, we apply opposite charges: F a = 8.7Nî 5.2Nĵ So that F 1 + F 2 = 0î + 0ĵ Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
42 Force problems: Equilibrium Gravitational Force On the surface of the Earth, an object dropped will accelerate downwards at a rate of: Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
43 Force problems: Equilibrium Gravitational Force On the surface of the Earth, an object dropped will accelerate downwards at a rate of: a = 9.8 m s 2 g Since F = ma, then the gravitational force is F = mg. To turn a mass into a weight, multiply by 9.8. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
44 Force problems: Equilibrium Free body diagram Since forces are vectors, draw a picture of the forces acting on a ball sitting on a table, and on a ball that is just about to roll off a table. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
45 Force problems: Equilibrium Free body diagram Since forces are vectors, draw a picture of the forces acting on a ball sitting on a table, and on a ball that is just about to roll off a table. F N Mass resting on Mass falling off table table F g F g Fy = F N F g = 0 Fy = F g 0 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
46 Force problems: Equilibrium Normal Force A normal force is a reaction force. The ball on the table is held up by the normal force exerted on the ball by the table. The ball is pushing down on the table with its weight, the table is pushing back up in reaction to that force. Normal forces always act perpendicular to the surface of contact. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
47 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 Consider a block sitting on an inclined plane that has an angle of 30. There is enough friction between the block and the inclined plane that the block will not slide down. The mass of the block is 3.0 kilograms. Draw the free body diagram of this system. What is the force of friction and the normal force? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
48 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
49 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Label the sketch with forces. Every force should get a corresponding vector. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
50 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Label the sketch with forces. Every force should get a corresponding vector. Choose how to coordinate your axis system. It is generally easiest to line the x-y axis so that most of the forces are parallel with the x or y axis. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
51 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Label the sketch with forces. Every force should get a corresponding vector. Choose how to coordinate your axis system. It is generally easiest to line the x-y axis so that most of the forces are parallel with the x or y axis. For those forces which arent parallel to the x or y axis, we have to decompose them into vectors which are parallel to the x and y axis such that the sum of the decomposed vectors adds up to the original vector. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
52 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Label the sketch with forces. Every force should get a corresponding vector. Choose how to coordinate your axis system. It is generally easiest to line the x-y axis so that most of the forces are parallel with the x or y axis. For those forces which arent parallel to the x or y axis, we have to decompose them into vectors which are parallel to the x and y axis such that the sum of the decomposed vectors adds up to the original vector. Now you can find the sum of all vectors in the x direction and the y direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
53 Force problems: Equilibrium Steps to solving Force problems Draw a rough sketch of the problem. Label the sketch with forces. Every force should get a corresponding vector. Choose how to coordinate your axis system. It is generally easiest to line the x-y axis so that most of the forces are parallel with the x or y axis. For those forces which arent parallel to the x or y axis, we have to decompose them into vectors which are parallel to the x and y axis such that the sum of the decomposed vectors adds up to the original vector. Now you can find the sum of all vectors in the x direction and the y direction. By Newtons laws, the sums F x and F y should add to zero if the system is under equilibrium. If the sum of the vectors dont add to zero, then there will be a net acceleration in that direction. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
54 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 Consider a block sitting on an inclined plane that has an angle of 30. There is enough friction between the block and the inclined plane that the block will not slide down. The mass of the block is 3.0 kilograms. Draw the free body diagram of this system. What is the force of friction and the normal force? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
55 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 Consider a block sitting on an inclined plane that has an angle of 30. There is enough friction between the block and the inclined plane that the block will not slide down. The mass of the block is 3.0 kilograms. Draw the free body diagram of this system. What is the force of friction and the normal force? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
56 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
57 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 F g = mg = 3kg (9.8 m ) s 2 = 29N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
58 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 F g = mg = 3kg (9.8 m ) s 2 = 29N Fx = f F g sin(30) = 0 f = F g sin(30) = 15N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
59 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 5 F g = mg = 3kg (9.8 m ) s 2 = 29N Fx = f F g sin(30) = 0 f = F g sin(30) = 15N Fy = F N F g cos(30) = 0 F N = F g cos(30) = 25N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
60 Force problems: Equilibrium Tension Tension is the force felt in a cable, string, spring, chain, or other such object which can pull but not push. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
61 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 A 12.4 kg traffic light is held up by three cables as shown in the figure. The upper two cables are weaker than the lower cable and can t hold a tension of more than 100 N. Will one of the two cables snap? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
62 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 First, draw the free body of the light with only the cable attached to it. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
63 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 First, draw the free body of the light with only the cable attached to it. This tells us that T 3 = F g. F g = mg = (12.4 kg) (9.8 m ) s 2 = 122 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
64 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 First, draw the free body of the light with only the cable attached to it. This tells us that T 3 = F g. F g = mg = (12.4 kg) (9.8 m ) s 2 = 122 N T 3 = 122 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
65 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Now draw the free body diagram for the intersection of the three cables. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
66 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Now draw the free body diagram for the intersection of the three cables. Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
67 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
68 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Assuming equilibrium: Fx = T 1 cos(37) + T 2 cos(53) = 0 T 1 = T 2 cos(53) cos(37) = T 2 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
69 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Assuming equilibrium: Fx = T 1 cos(37) + T 2 cos(53) = 0 T 1 = T 2 cos(53) cos(37) = T 2 Fy = T 1 sin(37) + T 2 sin(53) 122 N = 0 = T 2 sin(37) + T 2 sin(53) 122 N = 0 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
70 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Assuming equilibrium: Fx = T 1 cos(37) + T 2 cos(53) = 0 T 1 = T 2 cos(53) cos(37) = T 2 Fy = T 1 sin(37) + T 2 sin(53) 122 N = 0 = T 2 sin(37) + T 2 sin(53) 122 N = 0 T 2 ( sin(37) + sin(53)) = 122 N T 2 = 97.4 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
71 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
72 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N T 2 ( sin(37) + sin(53)) = 122 N T 2 = 97.4 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
73 Force problems: Equilibrium Lecture problem 6 Force x comp. y comp. T 1 T 1 cos(37) T 1 sin(37) T 2 T 2 cos(53) T 2 sin(53) T N T 2 ( sin(37) + sin(53)) = 122 N T 2 = 97.4 N Finally we go back and solve for T 1 : T 1 = (97.4 N) = 73.4 N Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
74 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
75 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
76 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass second for time (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
77 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass second for time ampere for electric current (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
78 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass second for time ampere for electric current kelvin for temperature (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
79 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass second for time ampere for electric current kelvin for temperature candela for luminous intensity (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
80 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 1 The base SI units are: meter for length kilogram for mass second for time ampere for electric current kelvin for temperature candela for luminous intensity mole for the amount of substance. (c): Energy is a derived SI unit: kg m s 2 m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
81 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 5 A quick google search for cm in foot gives the conversion: 1 foot = cm. A similar search for cm in mile gives the conversion: 1 mile = cm, 1 inch = 2.54 cm, and 5280 feet = 1 mile. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
82 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 5 A quick google search for cm in foot gives the conversion: 1 foot = cm. A similar search for cm in mile gives the conversion: 1 mile = cm, 1 inch = 2.54 cm, and 5280 feet = 1 mile. ( ) 1 foot = 12 inches = ( cm inches) = cm 1 inch Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
83 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 5 A quick google search for cm in foot gives the conversion: 1 foot = cm. A similar search for cm in mile gives the conversion: 1 mile = cm, 1 inch = 2.54 cm, and 5280 feet = 1 mile. ( ) 1 foot = 12 inches = ( cm inches) = cm 1 inch (1 mile) ( 5280 feet 1 mile ) ( ) cm = cm cm foot Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
84 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem : decimal point is Present so count from left to right, giving us 6 sig figs since the first number on the left is non-zero. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
85 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 17 A google for United States age structure shows that there were 9,810,733 kids between the ages of 0-4 in 2000 (close enough); Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
86 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 17 A google for United States age structure shows that there were 9,810,733 kids between the ages of 0-4 in 2000 (close enough); Assume 2.5/4 of those are between the ages of 0-2.5: 6,131,708. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
87 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 17 A google for United States age structure shows that there were 9,810,733 kids between the ages of 0-4 in 2000 (close enough); Assume 2.5/4 of those are between the ages of 0-2.5: 6,131,708. Three diapers per day means about 18.4 million diapers per day. Take a guess on how much space a diaper taxes up when compressed. About half a foot by half a foot by 1 cm gives (we converted feet to cm previously): = m 3. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
88 Recitation Chapter 1: Problem 17 A google for United States age structure shows that there were 9,810,733 kids between the ages of 0-4 in 2000 (close enough); Assume 2.5/4 of those are between the ages of 0-2.5: 6,131,708. Three diapers per day means about 18.4 million diapers per day. Take a guess on how much space a diaper taxes up when compressed. About half a foot by half a foot by 1 cm gives (we converted feet to cm previously): = m 3. The estimated volume from diapers is: m 3 = 5580m 3 per day, or m 3 per year. At 10 m high, this is m 2 in area. Since 1 square mile equals m 2, this works out to 0.8 square miles. Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
89 Recitation Chapter 1: µw = W Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
90 Recitation Chapter 1: µw = W 4 ns = s Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
91 Recitation Chapter 1: µw = W 4 ns = s 3 MW = W Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
92 Recitation Chapter 1: µw = W 4 ns = s 3 MW = W 25 km = m Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
93 Recitation Chapter 1: 27 A basketball player is tall. How tall in centimeters? Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
94 Recitation Chapter 1: 27 A basketball player is tall. How tall in centimeters? = feet Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
95 Recitation Chapter 1: 27 A basketball player is tall. How tall in centimeters? = feet ( ) cm feet) = 210 cm foot Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
96 Recitation Chapter 1: = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
97 Recitation Chapter 1: = = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
98 Recitation Chapter 1: = = = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
99 Recitation Chapter 1: = = = = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
100 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
101 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
102 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
103 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
104 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = = π Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
105 Recitation Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = = π = Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
106 Recitation Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 ( Lecture Two ) October 1, / 39 Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = = π =
107 Recitation Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 ( Lecture Two ) October 1, / 39 Chapter 1: 47 (1.14) ( ) = = π =
108 Recitation Homework for next week Read Chapter 1 Sections 1-6 and 1-7 and do problems: Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
109 Recitation Homework for next week Read Chapter 1 Sections 1-6 and 1-7 and do problems: Chapter 1: 53, 57 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
110 Recitation Homework for next week Read Chapter 1 Sections 1-6 and 1-7 and do problems: Chapter 1: 53, 57 Read Chapter 4 and do problems: Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
111 Recitation Homework for next week Read Chapter 1 Sections 1-6 and 1-7 and do problems: Chapter 1: 53, 57 Read Chapter 4 and do problems: Chapter 4: 47, 51, 53 Dr. Jones (Drexel) Physics 185F2013 Lecture Two October 1, / 39
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