Species Tree Inference using SVDquartets
|
|
- Shanon White
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Species Tree Inference using SVDquartets Laura Kubatko and Dave Swofford May 19, 2015 Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
2 SVDquartets In this tutorial, we ll discuss several different data types: Multi-locus data aligned DNA sequence data for many genes SNP data large number of SNPs sampled throughout the genome Single-locus data aligned DNA sequence data for a single gene In the first two cases, we ll assume that incongruence between gene trees and the species trees arises solely from the coalescent process In the third case, we assume that the locus under consideration is a single non-recombining unit Goal: Estimate the underlying phylogenetic tree (species tree or gene tree) Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
3 Definition: splits Definition: A split of a set is a bipartition A B. AsplitA B atreet is valid for T if the induced tree T A and T B do Definition: A split of a set of taxa L is a bipartition of L into two non-overlapping subsets A and B, denoted A B. A split A B is valid for tree T if the subtrees containing the taxa in A and in B do not intersect Valid: Not valid: Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
4 Definition: flattenings p ijkl = P(X 1 = i, X 2 = j, X 3 = k, X 4 = l) [AA] [AC] [AG] [AT ] [CA] [AA] p AAAA p AAAC p AAAG p AAAT p AACA [AC] p ACAA p ACAC p ACAG p ACAT p ACCA Flat (P) = [AG] p AGAA p AGAC p AGAG p AGAT p AGCA [AT ] p AT AA p AT AC p AT AG p AT AT p AT CA [CA] p CAAA p CAAC p CAAG p CAAT p CACA [ ] Theorem (Chifman and Kubatko 2015): Under the coalescent model and the GTR+I+Γ model and its sub models, we have the following: If A B is a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flat A B (P)) 10. If C D is not a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flat C D (P)) > 10. The species tree is completely determined by knowledge of valid splits on all quartets. Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
5 Extensions of the Main Result Arbitrary number of states, κ, under the coalescent model: If A B is a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flata B (P)) ( ) κ+1 2. If C D is not a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flatc D (P)) > ( ) κ+1 2. The species tree is completely determined by knowledge of valid splits on all quartets. Single underlying gene tree (no coalescent assumption): If A B is a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flata B (P)) 4. If C D is not a valid split for a tree T, then rank(flatc D (P)) = 16. The species tree is completely determined by knowledge of valid splits on all quartets. Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
6 Species tree estimation using algebraic statistics Species tree estimation using SVDquartets Main idea: use the observed site pattern distribution to provide information about which Mainofidea: the three use the possible observed splits site for apattern set of four distribution taxa thetotrue provide split. information about which of the three possible splits for a set of four taxa is the true split. A C A B A C B D C D D B The program SVDquartets computes a score for each split in a given quartet of The taxa program and chooses SVDscores the computes split withathe score best for (lowest) each splitscore. in a given quartet of taxa and chooses the split with the best (lowest) score. We use the following score: SVDScore = 16 Laura Kubatko () Molecular Evolution Workshop 2013 July 30, / 9 where ˆσ i is the i th singular value computed from the observed flattening matrix. i=11 ˆσ 2 i Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
7 Species tree estimation using SVDquartets Algorithm 1 Generate all quartets (small problems) or sample quartets (large problems) 2 Estimate the correct quartet relationship for each sampled quartet 3 Use a quartet assembly method to build the tree PAUP* uses the method of Reaz-Bayzid-Rahman (2014), called QFM, to build the tree. Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
8 Species tree estimation using SVDquartets Variability in the estimated tree is assessed using nonparametric bootstrapping Multiple lineages are handled as follows: 1 Sample four species 2 Select one lineage at random from each species 3 Estimate the quartet relationships among the four sampled lineages 4 Restore the species labels (but lineage quartets are saved, too) Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
9 Multi-locus vs. SNP data The theory is developed for the SNP setting why do we think this might be ok for multilocus data? Consider the case of three possible gene trees with the probabilities below under the coalescent model: Gene tree 1 p 1 = 0.4 Gene tree 2 p 2 = 0.3 Gene tree 3 p 3 = 0.3 Now suppose we observe multilocus data for 1,000 genes as follows: Gene tree1 380 genes Gene tree genes Gene tree genes Then, if the genes are equal in length, the proportion of sites coming from each tree is approximately what is predicted under the SNP model. Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
10 Species tree estimation using SVDquartets Advantages: Fast! How fast? Rattlesnakes: < 1 hour ( 8500bp, 52 tips) Soybeans: < 1 day (6 million SNPs, 62 tips) Scales well: Number of quartets needed increases as number of species increases (but can be done in parallel) Linear in number of sites (but this is just counting) Potential for application to other data types Natural way to handle missing data Disadvantages: Only the (unrooted) topology is estimated no parameters Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
11 SVDquartets Described in the papers Chifman, J. and L. Kubatko Quartet inference from SNP data under the coalescent model, Bioinformatics 30(23): Chifman, J. and L. Kubatko Identifiability of the unrooted species tree topology under the coalescent model with time-reversible substitution processes, site-specific rate variation, and invariable sites, Journal of Theoretical Biology 374: Implemented in PAUP* thanks, Dave! Now on to the tutorial! Laura Kubatko SVDquartets May 19, / 11
Jed Chou. April 13, 2015
of of CS598 AGB April 13, 2015 Overview of 1 2 3 4 5 Competing Approaches of Two competing approaches to species tree inference: Summary methods: estimate a tree on each gene alignment then combine gene
More informationQuartet Inference from SNP Data Under the Coalescent Model
Bioinformatics Advance Access published August 7, 2014 Quartet Inference from SNP Data Under the Coalescent Model Julia Chifman 1 and Laura Kubatko 2,3 1 Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School
More informationIntroduction to Algebraic Statistics
Introduction to Algebraic Statistics Seth Sullivant North Carolina State University January 5, 2017 Seth Sullivant (NCSU) Algebraic Statistics January 5, 2017 1 / 28 What is Algebraic Statistics? Observation
More informationAlgebraic Statistics Tutorial I
Algebraic Statistics Tutorial I Seth Sullivant North Carolina State University June 9, 2012 Seth Sullivant (NCSU) Algebraic Statistics June 9, 2012 1 / 34 Introduction to Algebraic Geometry Let R[p] =
More informationfirst (i.e., weaker) sense of the term, using a variety of algorithmic approaches. For example, some methods (e.g., *BEAST 20) co-estimate gene trees
Concatenation Analyses in the Presence of Incomplete Lineage Sorting May 22, 2015 Tree of Life Tandy Warnow Warnow T. Concatenation Analyses in the Presence of Incomplete Lineage Sorting.. 2015 May 22.
More informationNJMerge: A generic technique for scaling phylogeny estimation methods and its application to species trees
NJMerge: A generic technique for scaling phylogeny estimation methods and its application to species trees Erin Molloy and Tandy Warnow {emolloy2, warnow}@illinois.edu University of Illinois at Urbana
More informationPhylogenetic invariants versus classical phylogenetics
Phylogenetic invariants versus classical phylogenetics Marta Casanellas Rius (joint work with Jesús Fernández-Sánchez) Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada I Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Algebraic
More informationPhylogenetic Algebraic Geometry
Phylogenetic Algebraic Geometry Seth Sullivant North Carolina State University January 4, 2012 Seth Sullivant (NCSU) Phylogenetic Algebraic Geometry January 4, 2012 1 / 28 Phylogenetics Problem Given a
More informationPhylogenetic Geometry
Phylogenetic Geometry Ruth Davidson University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Mathematics Mathematics and Statistics Seminar Washington State University-Vancouver September 26, 2016 Phylogenies
More informationSTEM-hy: Species Tree Estimation using Maximum likelihood (with hybridization)
STEM-hy: Species Tree Estimation using Maximum likelihood (with hybridization) Laura Salter Kubatko Departments of Statistics and Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University kubatko.2@osu.edu
More information19 Tree Construction using Singular Value Decomposition
19 Tree Construction using Singular Value Decomposition Nicholas Eriksson We present a new, statistically consistent algorithm for phylogenetic tree construction that uses the algeraic theory of statistical
More informationPhylogenetic Networks, Trees, and Clusters
Phylogenetic Networks, Trees, and Clusters Luay Nakhleh 1 and Li-San Wang 2 1 Department of Computer Science Rice University Houston, TX 77005, USA nakhleh@cs.rice.edu 2 Department of Biology University
More informationASTRAL: Fast coalescent-based computation of the species tree topology, branch lengths, and local branch support
ASTRAL: Fast coalescent-based computation of the species tree topology, branch lengths, and local branch support Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego Joint work with Tandy Warnow Erfan Sayyari
More informationToday's project. Test input data Six alignments (from six independent markers) of Curcuma species
DNA sequences II Analyses of multiple sequence data datasets, incongruence tests, gene trees vs. species tree reconstruction, networks, detection of hybrid species DNA sequences II Test of congruence of
More informationMisconceptions on Missing Data in RAD-seq Phylogenetics with a Deep-scale Example from Flowering Plants
Syst. Biol. 66(3):399 412, 2017 The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
More informationAnatomy of a species tree
Anatomy of a species tree T 1 Size of current and ancestral Populations (N) N Confidence in branches of species tree t/2n = 1 coalescent unit T 2 Branch lengths and divergence times of species & populations
More informationPhylogenetic Tree Reconstruction
I519 Introduction to Bioinformatics, 2011 Phylogenetic Tree Reconstruction Yuzhen Ye (yye@indiana.edu) School of Informatics & Computing, IUB Evolution theory Speciation Evolution of new organisms is driven
More informationExample: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Algebraic Statistics Tutorial I. Phylogenetics. Main Point of This Tutorial. Model-Based Phylogenetics
Example: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Algebraic Statistics Tutorial I Seth Sullivant North Carolina State University July 22, 2012 Suppose a gene has two alleles, a and A. If allele a occurs in the population
More informationC3020 Molecular Evolution. Exercises #3: Phylogenetics
C3020 Molecular Evolution Exercises #3: Phylogenetics Consider the following sequences for five taxa 1-5 and the known outgroup O, which has the ancestral states (note that sequence 3 has changed from
More informationAmira A. AL-Hosary PhD of infectious diseases Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut
Amira A. AL-Hosary PhD of infectious diseases Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University-Egypt Phylogenetic analysis Phylogenetic Basics: Biological
More informationDr. Amira A. AL-Hosary
Phylogenetic analysis Amira A. AL-Hosary PhD of infectious diseases Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University-Egypt Phylogenetic Basics: Biological
More informationFast coalescent-based branch support using local quartet frequencies
Fast coalescent-based branch support using local quartet frequencies Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016) 33 (7): 1654 68 Erfan Sayyari, Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego (ECE) anzee
More informationRooting phylogenetic trees under the coalescent model using site pattern probabilities
Tian and Kubatko BC Evolutionary Biology (2017) 17:263 DOI 10.1186/s12862-017-1108-7 ETHODOLOGY ARTICLE Open Access Rooting phylogenetic trees under the coalescent model using site pattern probabilities
More informationTaming the Beast Workshop
Workshop and Chi Zhang June 28, 2016 1 / 19 Species tree Species tree the phylogeny representing the relationships among a group of species Figure adapted from [Rogers and Gibbs, 2014] Gene tree the phylogeny
More informationUpcoming challenges in phylogenomics. Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego
Upcoming challenges in phylogenomics Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego Gene tree discordance The species tree gene1000 Causes of gene tree discordance include: Incomplete Lineage Sorting
More informationThe problem Lineage model Examples. The lineage model
The lineage model A Bayesian approach to inferring community structure and evolutionary history from whole-genome metagenomic data Jack O Brien Bowdoin College with Daniel Falush and Xavier Didelot Cambridge,
More informationDynamics of Nucleic Acids Analyzed from Base Pair Geometry
Dynamics of Nucleic Acids Analyzed from Base Pair Geometry Dhananjay Bhattacharyya Biophysics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Kolkata 700064, INDIA dhananjay.bhattacharyya@saha.ac.in Definition
More informationEfficient Bayesian Species Tree Inference under the Multispecies Coalescent
Syst. Biol. 66(5):823 842, 2017 The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
More information9/30/11. Evolution theory. Phylogenetic Tree Reconstruction. Phylogenetic trees (binary trees) Phylogeny (phylogenetic tree)
I9 Introduction to Bioinformatics, 0 Phylogenetic ree Reconstruction Yuzhen Ye (yye@indiana.edu) School of Informatics & omputing, IUB Evolution theory Speciation Evolution of new organisms is driven by
More informationComparative Bioinformatics Midterm II Fall 2004
Comparative Bioinformatics Midterm II Fall 2004 Objective Answer, part I: For each of the following, select the single best answer or completion of the phrase. (3 points each) 1. Deinococcus radiodurans
More informationCREATING PHYLOGENETIC TREES FROM DNA SEQUENCES
INTRODUCTION CREATING PHYLOGENETIC TREES FROM DNA SEQUENCES This worksheet complements the Click and Learn developed in conjunction with the 2011 Holiday Lectures on Science, Bones, Stones, and Genes:
More informationWorkshop III: Evolutionary Genomics
Identifying Species Trees from Gene Trees Elizabeth S. Allman University of Alaska IPAM Los Angeles, CA November 17, 2011 Workshop III: Evolutionary Genomics Collaborators The work in today s talk is joint
More informationPhylogenetics. Applications of phylogenetics. Unrooted networks vs. rooted trees. Outline
Phylogenetics Todd Vision iology 522 March 26, 2007 pplications of phylogenetics Studying organismal or biogeographic history Systematics ating events in the fossil record onservation biology Studying
More informationEvolutionary Tree Analysis. Overview
CSI/BINF 5330 Evolutionary Tree Analysis Young-Rae Cho Associate Professor Department of Computer Science Baylor University Overview Backgrounds Distance-Based Evolutionary Tree Reconstruction Character-Based
More informationIn comparisons of genomic sequences from multiple species, Challenges in Species Tree Estimation Under the Multispecies Coalescent Model REVIEW
REVIEW Challenges in Species Tree Estimation Under the Multispecies Coalescent Model Bo Xu* and Ziheng Yang*,,1 *Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and Department
More informationCONTENTS. P A R T I Genomes 1. P A R T II Gene Transcription and Regulation 109
CONTENTS ix Preface xv Acknowledgments xxi Editors and contributors xxiv A computational micro primer xxvi P A R T I Genomes 1 1 Identifying the genetic basis of disease 3 Vineet Bafna 2 Pattern identification
More informationPhylogenetic inference
Phylogenetic inference Bas E. Dutilh Systems Biology: Bioinformatic Data Analysis Utrecht University, March 7 th 016 After this lecture, you can discuss (dis-) advantages of different information types
More informationPhylogenetic Analysis. Han Liang, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
Phylogenetic Analysis Han Liang, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology UT MD Anderson Cancer Center Outline Basic Concepts Tree Construction Methods Distance-based methods
More informationA phylogenomic toolbox for assembling the tree of life
A phylogenomic toolbox for assembling the tree of life or, The Phylota Project (http://www.phylota.org) UC Davis Mike Sanderson Amy Driskell U Pennsylvania Junhyong Kim Iowa State Oliver Eulenstein David
More informationPhylogenetic Trees. What They Are Why We Do It & How To Do It. Presented by Amy Harris Dr Brad Morantz
Phylogenetic Trees What They Are Why We Do It & How To Do It Presented by Amy Harris Dr Brad Morantz Overview What is a phylogenetic tree Why do we do it How do we do it Methods and programs Parallels
More informationProperties of Consensus Methods for Inferring Species Trees from Gene Trees
Syst. Biol. 58(1):35 54, 2009 Copyright c Society of Systematic Biologists DOI:10.1093/sysbio/syp008 Properties of Consensus Methods for Inferring Species Trees from Gene Trees JAMES H. DEGNAN 1,4,,MICHAEL
More informationPhyQuart-A new algorithm to avoid systematic bias & phylogenetic incongruence
PhyQuart-A new algorithm to avoid systematic bias & phylogenetic incongruence Are directed quartets the key for more reliable supertrees? Patrick Kück Department of Life Science, Vertebrates Division,
More informationDiffusion Models in Population Genetics
Diffusion Models in Population Genetics Laura Kubatko kubatko.2@osu.edu MBI Workshop on Spatially-varying stochastic differential equations, with application to the biological sciences July 10, 2015 Laura
More informationMany of the slides that I ll use have been borrowed from Dr. Paul Lewis, Dr. Joe Felsenstein. Thanks!
Many of the slides that I ll use have been borrowed from Dr. Paul Lewis, Dr. Joe Felsenstein. Thanks! Paul has many great tools for teaching phylogenetics at his web site: http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/people/plewis
More informationTheDisk-Covering MethodforTree Reconstruction
TheDisk-Covering MethodforTree Reconstruction Daniel Huson PACM, Princeton University Bonn, 1998 1 Copyright (c) 2008 Daniel Huson. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
More informationA Phylogenetic Network Construction due to Constrained Recombination
A Phylogenetic Network Construction due to Constrained Recombination Mohd. Abdul Hai Zahid Research Scholar Research Supervisors: Dr. R.C. Joshi Dr. Ankush Mittal Department of Electronics and Computer
More informationWenEtAl-biorxiv 2017/12/21 10:55 page 2 #2
WenEtAl-biorxiv 0// 0: page # Inferring Phylogenetic Networks Using PhyloNet Dingqiao Wen, Yun Yu, Jiafan Zhu, Luay Nakhleh,, Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; BioSciences, Rice University,
More informationInferring phylogenetic networks with maximum pseudolikelihood under incomplete lineage sorting
arxiv:1509.06075v3 [q-bio.pe] 12 Feb 2016 Inferring phylogenetic networks with maximum pseudolikelihood under incomplete lineage sorting Claudia Solís-Lemus 1 and Cécile Ané 1,2 1 Department of Statistics,
More informationUsing algebraic geometry for phylogenetic reconstruction
Using algebraic geometry for phylogenetic reconstruction Marta Casanellas i Rius (joint work with Jesús Fernández-Sánchez) Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada I Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya IMA
More informationPhylogenies Scores for Exhaustive Maximum Likelihood and Parsimony Scores Searches
Int. J. Bioinformatics Research and Applications, Vol. x, No. x, xxxx Phylogenies Scores for Exhaustive Maximum Likelihood and s Searches Hyrum D. Carroll, Perry G. Ridge, Mark J. Clement, Quinn O. Snell
More informationEffects of Gap Open and Gap Extension Penalties
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive All Faculty Publications 200-10-01 Effects of Gap Open and Gap Extension Penalties Hyrum Carroll hyrumcarroll@gmail.com Mark J. Clement clement@cs.byu.edu See
More informationUnderstanding How Stochasticity Impacts Reconstructions of Recent Species Divergent History. Huateng Huang
Understanding How Stochasticity Impacts Reconstructions of Recent Species Divergent History by Huateng Huang A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor
More informationSupplemental Material
Supplemental Material Protocol S1 The PromPredict algorithm considers the average free energy over a 100nt window and compares it with the the average free energy over a downstream 100nt window separated
More informationPhylogenetics: Parsimony
1 Phylogenetics: Parsimony COMP 571 Luay Nakhleh, Rice University he Problem 2 Input: Multiple alignment of a set S of sequences Output: ree leaf-labeled with S Assumptions Characters are mutually independent
More informationPhylogenetic inference: from sequences to trees
W ESTFÄLISCHE W ESTFÄLISCHE W ILHELMS -U NIVERSITÄT NIVERSITÄT WILHELMS-U ÜNSTER MM ÜNSTER VOLUTIONARY FUNCTIONAL UNCTIONAL GENOMICS ENOMICS EVOLUTIONARY Bioinformatics 1 Phylogenetic inference: from sequences
More informationEstimating Evolutionary Trees. Phylogenetic Methods
Estimating Evolutionary Trees v if the data are consistent with infinite sites then all methods should yield the same tree v it gets more complicated when there is homoplasy, i.e., parallel or convergent
More informationSupplementary Information
Supplementary Information For the article"comparable system-level organization of Archaea and ukaryotes" by J. Podani, Z. N. Oltvai, H. Jeong, B. Tombor, A.-L. Barabási, and. Szathmáry (reference numbers
More informationDNA Phylogeny. Signals and Systems in Biology Kushal EE, IIT Delhi
DNA Phylogeny Signals and Systems in Biology Kushal Shah @ EE, IIT Delhi Phylogenetics Grouping and Division of organisms Keeps changing with time Splitting, hybridization and termination Cladistics :
More informationPOPULATION GENETICS Winter 2005 Lecture 17 Molecular phylogenetics
POPULATION GENETICS Winter 2005 Lecture 17 Molecular phylogenetics - in deriving a phylogeny our goal is simply to reconstruct the historical relationships between a group of taxa. - before we review the
More informationPhylogenetics in the Age of Genomics: Prospects and Challenges
Phylogenetics in the Age of Genomics: Prospects and Challenges Antonis Rokas Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University http://as.vanderbilt.edu/rokaslab http://pubmed2wordle.appspot.com/
More informationInferring Phylogenies from RAD Sequence Data
Inferring Phylogenies from RAD Sequence Data Benjamin E. R. Rubin 1,2 *, Richard H. Ree 3, Corrie S. Moreau 2 1 Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
More informationarxiv: v1 [q-bio.pe] 1 Jun 2014
THE MOST PARSIMONIOUS TREE FOR RANDOM DATA MAREIKE FISCHER, MICHELLE GALLA, LINA HERBST AND MIKE STEEL arxiv:46.27v [q-bio.pe] Jun 24 Abstract. Applying a method to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree from
More informationComparative Genomics II
Comparative Genomics II Advances in Bioinformatics and Genomics GEN 240B Jason Stajich May 19 Comparative Genomics II Slide 1/31 Outline Introduction Gene Families Pairwise Methods Phylogenetic Methods
More informationTree of Life iological Sequence nalysis Chapter http://tolweb.org/tree/ Phylogenetic Prediction ll organisms on Earth have a common ancestor. ll species are related. The relationship is called a phylogeny
More informationMtDNA profiles and associated haplogroups
A systematic approach to an old problem Anita Brandstätter 1, Alexander Röck 2, Arne Dür 2, Walther Parson 1 1 Institute of Legal Medicine Innsbruck Medical University 2 Institute of Mathematics University
More informationarxiv: v1 [cs.ds] 1 Nov 2018
An O(nlogn) time Algorithm for computing the Path-length Distance between Trees arxiv:1811.00619v1 [cs.ds] 1 Nov 2018 David Bryant Celine Scornavacca November 5, 2018 Abstract Tree comparison metrics have
More informationQ1) Explain how background selection and genetic hitchhiking could explain the positive correlation between genetic diversity and recombination rate.
OEB 242 Exam Practice Problems Answer Key Q1) Explain how background selection and genetic hitchhiking could explain the positive correlation between genetic diversity and recombination rate. First, recall
More informationPhylogeny Tree Algorithms
Phylogeny Tree lgorithms Jianlin heng, PhD School of Electrical Engineering and omputer Science University of entral Florida 2006 Free for academic use. opyright @ Jianlin heng & original sources for some
More informationRECOVERING A PHYLOGENETIC TREE USING PAIRWISE CLOSURE OPERATIONS
RECOVERING A PHYLOGENETIC TREE USING PAIRWISE CLOSURE OPERATIONS KT Huber, V Moulton, C Semple, and M Steel Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch,
More informationDNA-based species delimitation
DNA-based species delimitation Phylogenetic species concept based on tree topologies Ø How to set species boundaries? Ø Automatic species delimitation? druhů? DNA barcoding Species boundaries recognized
More informationUnsupervised Learning in Spectral Genome Analysis
Unsupervised Learning in Spectral Genome Analysis Lutz Hamel 1, Neha Nahar 1, Maria S. Poptsova 2, Olga Zhaxybayeva 3, J. Peter Gogarten 2 1 Department of Computer Sciences and Statistics, University of
More informationC.DARWIN ( )
C.DARWIN (1809-1882) LAMARCK Each evolutionary lineage has evolved, transforming itself, from a ancestor appeared by spontaneous generation DARWIN All organisms are historically interconnected. Their relationships
More informationImproved maximum parsimony models for phylogenetic networks
Improved maximum parsimony models for phylogenetic networks Leo van Iersel Mark Jones Celine Scornavacca December 20, 207 Abstract Phylogenetic networks are well suited to represent evolutionary histories
More informationWeighted Quartets Phylogenetics
Weighted Quartets Phylogenetics Yunan Luo E. Avni, R. Cohen, and S. Snir. Weighted quartets phylogenetics. Systematic Biology, 2014. syu087 Problem: quartet-based supertree Input Output A B C D A C D E
More informationMolecular Evolution & Phylogenetics
Molecular Evolution & Phylogenetics Heuristics based on tree alterations, maximum likelihood, Bayesian methods, statistical confidence measures Jean-Baka Domelevo Entfellner Learning Objectives know basic
More informationReconstruction of species trees from gene trees using ASTRAL. Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego (ECE)
Reconstruction of species trees from gene trees using ASTRAL Siavash Mirarab University of California, San Diego (ECE) Phylogenomics Orangutan Chimpanzee gene 1 gene 2 gene 999 gene 1000 Gorilla Human
More informationConstructing Evolutionary/Phylogenetic Trees
Constructing Evolutionary/Phylogenetic Trees 2 broad categories: istance-based methods Ultrametric Additive: UPGMA Transformed istance Neighbor-Joining Character-based Maximum Parsimony Maximum Likelihood
More informationProcesses of Evolution
15 Processes of Evolution Forces of Evolution Concept 15.4 Selection Can Be Stabilizing, Directional, or Disruptive Natural selection can act on quantitative traits in three ways: Stabilizing selection
More informationPhylogenetics. BIOL 7711 Computational Bioscience
Consortium for Comparative Genomics! University of Colorado School of Medicine Phylogenetics BIOL 7711 Computational Bioscience Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Computational Bioscience Program Consortium
More informationTo link to this article: DOI: / URL:
This article was downloaded by:[ohio State University Libraries] [Ohio State University Libraries] On: 22 February 2007 Access Details: [subscription number 731699053] Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa
More informationInvestigation 3: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST
Investigation 3: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with BLAST Introduction Bioinformatics is a powerful tool which can be used to determine evolutionary relationships and
More informationLet S be a set of n species. A phylogeny is a rooted tree with n leaves, each of which is uniquely
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Volume 8, Number 1, 2001 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Pp. 69 78 Perfect Phylogenetic Networks with Recombination LUSHENG WANG, 1 KAIZHONG ZHANG, 2 and LOUXIN ZHANG 3 ABSTRACT
More informationLearning ancestral genetic processes using nonparametric Bayesian models
Learning ancestral genetic processes using nonparametric Bayesian models Kyung-Ah Sohn October 31, 2011 Committee Members: Eric P. Xing, Chair Zoubin Ghahramani Russell Schwartz Kathryn Roeder Matthew
More informationEvolutionary trees. Describe the relationship between objects, e.g. species or genes
Evolutionary trees Bonobo Chimpanzee Human Neanderthal Gorilla Orangutan Describe the relationship between objects, e.g. species or genes Early evolutionary studies The evolutionary relationships between
More informationarxiv: v2 [q-bio.pe] 4 Feb 2016
Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Distributions of topological tree metrics between a species tree and a gene tree Jing Xi Jin Xie Ruriko
More informationEstimating phylogenetic trees from genome-scale data
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. ISSN 0077-8923 ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Issue: The Year in Evolutionary Biology Estimating phylogenetic trees from genome-scale data Liang Liu, 1,2 Zhenxiang Xi,
More informationPhylogenetic analyses. Kirsi Kostamo
Phylogenetic analyses Kirsi Kostamo The aim: To construct a visual representation (a tree) to describe the assumed evolution occurring between and among different groups (individuals, populations, species,
More informationTHE TRIPLES DISTANCE FOR ROOTED BIFURCATING PHYLOGENETIC TREES
Syst. Biol. 45(3):33-334, 1996 THE TRIPLES DISTANCE FOR ROOTED BIFURCATING PHYLOGENETIC TREES DOUGLAS E. CRITCHLOW, DENNIS K. PEARL, AND CHUNLIN QIAN Department of Statistics, Ohio State University, Columbus,
More information1.1 The (rooted, binary-character) Perfect-Phylogeny Problem
Contents 1 Trees First 3 1.1 Rooted Perfect-Phylogeny...................... 3 1.1.1 Alternative Definitions.................... 5 1.1.2 The Perfect-Phylogeny Problem and Solution....... 7 1.2 Alternate,
More informationThe impact of missing data on species tree estimation
MBE Advance Access published November 2, 215 The impact of missing data on species tree estimation Zhenxiang Xi, 1 Liang Liu, 2,3 and Charles C. Davis*,1 1 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology,
More informationAnalysis and Design of Algorithms Dynamic Programming
Analysis and Design of Algorithms Dynamic Programming Lecture Notes by Dr. Wang, Rui Fall 2008 Department of Computer Science Ocean University of China November 6, 2009 Introduction 2 Introduction..................................................................
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary information S3 (box) Methods Methods Genome weighting The currently available collection of archaeal and bacterial genomes has a highly biased distribution of isolates across taxa. For example,
More informationModule 12: Molecular Phylogenetics
Module 12: Molecular Phylogenetics http://evolution.gs.washington.edu/sisg/2014/ MTH Thanks to Paul Lewis, Tracy Heath, Joe Felsenstein, Peter Beerli, Derrick Zwickl, and Joe Bielawski for slides Monday
More informationPhylogeny: traditional and Bayesian approaches
Phylogeny: traditional and Bayesian approaches 5-Feb-2014 DEKM book Notes from Dr. B. John Holder and Lewis, Nature Reviews Genetics 4, 275-284, 2003 1 Phylogeny A graph depicting the ancestor-descendent
More informationIntraspecific gene genealogies: trees grafting into networks
Intraspecific gene genealogies: trees grafting into networks by David Posada & Keith A. Crandall Kessy Abarenkov Tartu, 2004 Article describes: Population genetics principles Intraspecific genetic variation
More informationLab 9: Maximum Likelihood and Modeltest
Integrative Biology 200A University of California, Berkeley "PRINCIPLES OF PHYLOGENETICS" Spring 2010 Updated by Nick Matzke Lab 9: Maximum Likelihood and Modeltest In this lab we re going to use PAUP*
More informationBioinformatics 1. Sepp Hochreiter. Biology, Sequences, Phylogenetics Part 4. Bioinformatics 1: Biology, Sequences, Phylogenetics
Bioinformatics 1 Biology, Sequences, Phylogenetics Part 4 Sepp Hochreiter Klausur Mo. 30.01.2011 Zeit: 15:30 17:00 Raum: HS14 Anmeldung Kusss Contents Methods and Bootstrapping of Maximum Methods Methods
More informationRobust demographic inference from genomic and SNP data
Robust demographic inference from genomic and SNP data Laurent Excoffier Isabelle Duperret, Emilia Huerta-Sanchez, Matthieu Foll, Vitor Sousa, Isabel Alves Computational and Molecular Population Genetics
More informationAncestral Gene Flow and Parallel Organellar Genome Capture Result in Extreme Phylogenomic Discord in a Lineage of Angiosperms
Syst. Biol. 66(3):320 337, 2017 The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
More informationWhat is Phylogenetics
What is Phylogenetics Phylogenetics is the area of research concerned with finding the genetic connections and relationships between species. The basic idea is to compare specific characters (features)
More information