Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition"

Transcription

1 Chemistry: The Study of Change Chang & Goldsby 12 th edition modified by Dr. Hahn Chapter 1

2 Example 1.4 Determine the number of significant figures in the following measurements: (a)478 cm (b)6.01 g end class 8/11 9 am class (c)0.825 m (d)0.043 kg (e) atoms (f)7000 ml

3 Example 1.4 (2) Solution (a) 478 cm -- Three, because each digit is a nonzero digit. (b) 6.01 g -- Three, because zeros between nonzero digits are significant. (c) m -- Three, because zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit do not count as significant figures. (d) kg -- Two. Same reason as in (c). (e) atoms -- Four, because the number is greater than one so all the zeros written to the right of the decimal point count as significant figures.

4 Example 1.4 (3) (f) 7000 ml -- This is an ambiguous case.the number of significant figures may be four ( ), three ( ), two ( ), or one ( ). This example illustrates why scientific notation must be used to show the proper number of significant figures.

5 Addition or Subtraction Significant Figures(1) The answer cannot have more digits to the right of the decimal point than any of the original numbers. (use column and least significant column determines significant column of answer) one significant figure after decimal point round off to 90.4 two significant figures after decimal point round off to 0.79 End 8/11F 10am class 5

6 Significant Figures (2) Multiplication or Division The number of significant figures in the result is set by the original number that has the smallest number of significant figures = = sig figs 5 sig figs round to 3 sig figs = = sig figs 2 sig figs round to 2 sig figs 6

7 Exact Numbers Significant Figures (3) Numbers from definitions or numbers of objects are considered to have an infinite number of significant figures. The average of three measured lengths: 6.64, 6.68 and 6.70? = = 6.67 = 7 Because 3 is an exact number 7

8 Example 1.5 Carry out the following arithmetic operations to the correct number of significant figures: a) 11,254.1 g g b) L L c) 8.16 m d) kg 88.3 ml e) cm cm

9 Example 1.5 (2) Solution In addition and subtraction, the number of decimal places in the answer is determined by the number having the lowest number of decimal places. In multiplication and division, the significant number of the answer is determined by the number having the smallest number of significant figures. a) 11,254.1 g g 11, g round off to 11,254.3 g b) L L L round off to L

10 Example 1.5 (3) c) 8.16 m = m round off 41.9 m d) kg = kg ml round off to 88.3 ml kg ml or kg ml e) First we change cm to cm and then carry out the addition 2.64 cm cm Following the procedure in (a), we find the answer is cm. (or use calculator)

11 Accuracy versus Precision Accuracy how close a measurement is to the true value Precision how close a set of measurements are to each other accurate & precise precise but not accurate not accurate & not precise 11

12 Precision and Accuracy (continued) Measurements are said to be precise if they are consistent with one another. accurate only if they are close to the actual value.

13 Dimensional Analysis Method of Solving Problems 1. Determine which unit conversion factor(s) are needed 2. Carry units through calculation 3. If all units cancel except for the desired unit(s), then the problem was solved correctly. given quantity conversion factor = desired quantity given unit desired unit given unit =desired unit 13

14 Example 1.6 A person s average daily intake of glucose (a form of sugar) is pound (lb). What is this mass in milligrams (mg)? (1 lb = g. )

15 Example 1.6 (2) Strategy The problem can be stated as? mg = lb The relationship between pounds and grams is given in the problem. This relationship will enable conversion from pounds to grams. A metric conversion is then needed to convert grams to milligrams 1 mg = g. Arrange the appropriate conversion factors so that pounds and grams cancel and the unit milligrams is obtained in your answer.

16 Example 1.6 (3) Solution The sequence of conversions is pounds grams milligrams Using the following conversion factors g 1 lb and 1 mg g End 9 am class8/14m we obtain the answer in one step:? mg = lb g 1 lb 1 mg g = mg

Measurement. Scientific Notation. Measurements and Problem Solving. Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation

Measurement. Scientific Notation. Measurements and Problem Solving. Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation Measurement Chapter 2 Measurements and Problem Solving Quantitative observation Comparison based on an accepted scale e.g. Meter stick Has 2 parts number and unit Number tells comparison Unit tells scale

More information

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Basic Chemistry, 6 th Ed.

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Basic Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 6 th Ed. Introductory Chemistry, 6 th Ed. Basic Chemistry, 6 th Ed. by Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste University of Illinois Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations

More information

Summer 2018 Part I Key

Summer 2018 Part I Key Summer 2018 Part I Key 1 Section 1: Scientific notation Chemists often deal with numbers that are either extremely large of extremely small. For example, in 1g of the element hydrogen there are roughly

More information

Chapter 2: Standards for Measurement. 2.1 Scientific Notation

Chapter 2: Standards for Measurement. 2.1 Scientific Notation Chapter 2: Standards for Measurement 2.1 Scientific Notation A measurement (quantitative observation) consists of two parts: o Numerical value which gives magnitude, and o Unit which gives the scale used

More information

Tutorial 2: Expressing Uncertainty (Sig Figs, Scientific Notation and Rounding)

Tutorial 2: Expressing Uncertainty (Sig Figs, Scientific Notation and Rounding) Tutorial 2: Expressing Uncertainty (Sig Figs, Scientific Notation and Rounding) Goals: To be able to convert quantities from one unit to another. To be able to express measurements and answers to the correct

More information

Unit 1 Part 1: Significant Figures and Scientific Notation. Objective understand significant figures and their rules. Be able to use scientific

Unit 1 Part 1: Significant Figures and Scientific Notation. Objective understand significant figures and their rules. Be able to use scientific Unit 1 Part 1: Significant Figures and Scientific Notation. Objective understand significant figures and their rules. Be able to use scientific notation in calculations. Significant figures - consist of

More information

Scientific Notation Review

Scientific Notation Review Summer Packet AP Physics B Use the internet for additional reference on the following problems. Complete all problems!! You must bring this on the first day of school it will count as your first exam!!

More information

Metric Prefixes UNITS & MEASUREMENT 10/6/2015 WHY DO UNITS AND MEASUREMENT MATTER?

Metric Prefixes UNITS & MEASUREMENT 10/6/2015 WHY DO UNITS AND MEASUREMENT MATTER? UNITS & MEASUREMENT WHY DO UNITS AND MEASUREMENT MATTER? Chemistry In Action On 9/3/99, $15,000,000 Mars Climate Orbiter entered Mar s atmosphere 100 km (6 miles) lower than planned and was destroyed by

More information

Base unit-a defined unit of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world. Length

Base unit-a defined unit of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world. Length Base unit-a defined unit of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world Five base units: Temperature Mass Length Time Energy Derived unit-a unit of measurement defined by a combination

More information

(Significant Digits are in BOLD type and the non-significant digits are underlined)

(Significant Digits are in BOLD type and the non-significant digits are underlined) Name Per. Date Significant Digits Worksheet Significant digits (or significant figures) are used to represent the accuracy of a measurement. In a measurement the significant digits represent all the reliable

More information

Warm-up: Are accuracy and precision the same thing? (If so do you want to bet the house on it?)

Warm-up: Are accuracy and precision the same thing? (If so do you want to bet the house on it?) Obj: Students will: 1. Distinguish between accuracy and precision. 2. Examine various pieces of lab equipment for their accuracy. 3. Define and identify significant figures. Warm-up: Are accuracy and precision

More information

2 Standards for Measurement. Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory!

2 Standards for Measurement. Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory! 2 Standards for Measurement Careful and accurate measurements of ingredients are important both when cooking and in the chemistry laboratory! Chapter Outline 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Measurement and

More information

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES. x 100%

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES. x 100% Page 1 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES ASSIGNED READING: Zumdahal, et.al, Chemistry (10 th ed.), Chapter 1, Sec. 4 and 5. I. Accuracy and Precision It is important to remember, here at the outset of this course, that

More information

How long is the arrow?

How long is the arrow? 1.2 Measurements Measuring We have all measured things before, but how would you define it? Measurement: comparing an unknown quantity to a standard unit (known quantity) How long is the arrow? Any measurement

More information

Chapter 1. Chemistry: The Study of Change. Chemistry, Raymond Chang 10th edition, 2010 McGraw-Hill

Chapter 1. Chemistry: The Study of Change. Chemistry, Raymond Chang 10th edition, 2010 McGraw-Hill Chemistry, Raymond Chang 10th edition, 2010 McGraw-Hill Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Study of Change Ahmad Aqel Ifseisi Assistant Professor of Analytical Chemistry College of Science, Department of Chemistry

More information

Chapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Chapter 1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement Steps in the Scientific Method 1. Observations - quantitative - qualitative 2. Formulating hypotheses - possible explanation for the observation 3. Performing

More information

Chemistry: The Study of Change

Chemistry: The Study of Change Chemistry: The Study of Change Chapter 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chemistry: A Science

More information

2_SigDigs.notebook. September 12, Tumble Buggy Speeds... Dynamics Cart Speeds...

2_SigDigs.notebook. September 12, Tumble Buggy Speeds... Dynamics Cart Speeds... Tumble Buggy Speeds... Dynamics Cart Speeds... 1 Working with Measurements in Science in science our numbers cannot be exact. we never express measurements as exact values. (Measurements from last class.)

More information

CHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement

CHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement CHAPTER 1 Matter & Measurement General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry Janice Gorzynski Smith CHAPTER 1: Matter & Measurement Learning Objectives:! Definition of matter! Solids, liquids, and gases! Physical

More information

Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements. Look at the specifications for electronic balances. How do the instruments vary in precision?

Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements. Look at the specifications for electronic balances. How do the instruments vary in precision? Lesson Starter Look at the specifications for electronic balances. How do the instruments vary in precision? Discuss using a beaker to measure volume versus using a graduated cylinder. Which is more precise?

More information

Uncertainty in Measurements

Uncertainty in Measurements Uncertainty in Measurements! Two kinds of numbers " Exact! counted values " 2 dogs " 26 letters " 3 brothers! defined numbers " 12 inches per foot " 1000 g per kilogram " 2.54 cm per inch Metric Practice!

More information

Chapter COURSE NAME: CHEMISTRY 101 COURSE CODE:

Chapter COURSE NAME: CHEMISTRY 101 COURSE CODE: Chapter 1 COURSE NAME: CHEMISTRY 101 COURSE CODE: 402101-4 Chapter 1 2 International System of Units (SI) Science problem solving requires both: Metric system English system 3 4 Volume SI derived unit

More information

Scientific Notation. Sig. Figs. Estimation Density. Unit cancelation

Scientific Notation. Sig. Figs. Estimation Density. Unit cancelation Unit cancelation Sig. Figs. Scientific Notation Estimation Density 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 When doing unit conversions, this

More information

In Class Activity. Chem 107 Cypress College

In Class Activity. Chem 107 Cypress College In Class Activity Chem 107 Cypress College Metric System Give the metric prefix that corresponds to each of the following: a. 1,000,000 b. 10 6 c. 10-3 d. 10-2 e. 10-9 f. 0.000001 Metric System The metric

More information

Measurement and Significant Figures AP CHEMISTRY. Textbook: Chemistry by Zumdahl & Zumdahl, 9th edition, Instructor: Mrs.

Measurement and Significant Figures AP CHEMISTRY. Textbook: Chemistry by Zumdahl & Zumdahl, 9th edition, Instructor: Mrs. AP CHEMISTRY Textbook: Chemistry by Zumdahl & Zumdahl, 9th edition, 2014. Instructor: Mrs. Beth Smith Ch 1 Chemical Foundations Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter

More information

Chapter 1 (Part 2) Measurements in Chemistry 1.6 Physical Quantities

Chapter 1 (Part 2) Measurements in Chemistry 1.6 Physical Quantities Chapter 1 (Part 2) Measurements in Chemistry 1.6 Physical Quantities This is a property that can by physically measured. It consists of a number and a unit of measure. (e.g. ) Units Units are very important.

More information

Accuracy of Measurement: how close your measured value is to the actual measurement

Accuracy of Measurement: how close your measured value is to the actual measurement Standard: an exact quantity that people use to make measurements Good Example: a meter stick (everyone one knows the length of a meter) Bad Example: Ms. Pluchino s foot (everyone does not know how big

More information

Chapter 1. Chemistry and Measurements

Chapter 1. Chemistry and Measurements Chapter 1 Chemistry and Measurements Section 1-1 Chemistry: the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. macroscopic: relating to large-scale analysis, visible to the naked eye microscopic: not visible

More information

HW #1: 1.42, 1.52, 1.54, 1.64, 1.66, 1.70, 1.76, 1.78, 1.80, 1.82, 1.84, 1.86, 1.92, 1.94, 1.98, 1.106, 1.110, 1.116

HW #1: 1.42, 1.52, 1.54, 1.64, 1.66, 1.70, 1.76, 1.78, 1.80, 1.82, 1.84, 1.86, 1.92, 1.94, 1.98, 1.106, 1.110, 1.116 Chemistry 121 Lecture 3: Physical Quantities Measuring Mass, Length, and Volume; Measurement and Significant Figures; Scientific Notation; Rounding Review Sections 1.7-1.11 in McMurry, Ballantine, et.

More information

Chemistry Chapter 2 Study Guide/Practice Problems

Chemistry Chapter 2 Study Guide/Practice Problems Chemistry Chapter 2 Study Guide/Practice Problems What to Know From Your NOTES (stuff other than calculations) Review notes from the packet: Steps of the scientific method- what they are and why they are

More information

MEASUREMENT AND PROBLEM SOLVING. Chapter 3 & 4

MEASUREMENT AND PROBLEM SOLVING. Chapter 3 & 4 MEASUREMENT AND PROBLEM SOLVING Chapter 3 & 4 Importance of Measurements 1. Fundamental to all sciences 2. In chemistry you use the International System of Measurements (SI units). Qualitative vs. Quantitative

More information

CHAPTER 9 : Motion Physics Intro to MEASUREMENTS

CHAPTER 9 : Motion Physics Intro to MEASUREMENTS CHAPTER 9 : Motion Physics Intro to MEASUREMENTS SIGNIFICANT FIGURES SCIENTIFIC NOTATION CALCULATIONS ACCURACY AND PRECICION ERRORS REVIEW OF METRIC SYSTEM Significant figures and calculations Significant

More information

Welcome to Chemistry 121

Welcome to Chemistry 121 General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake Welcome to Chemistry 121 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake

More information

CHM 130 Measurements, Significant Figures, Derived Quantities, and Unit Conversions

CHM 130 Measurements, Significant Figures, Derived Quantities, and Unit Conversions CHM 130 Measurements, Significant Figures, Derived Quantities, and Unit Conversions Objectives 1. Use measuring tools correctly 2. Read and record measurements correctly (significant digits and unit) 3.

More information

Chemistry Unit 1. Chapter 1 Chemical Overview

Chemistry Unit 1. Chapter 1 Chemical Overview Chemistry Unit 1 Chapter 1 Chemical Overview Chemistry Unit 1 Section 1 Overview Scientific Method Measurement Significant Figures Dimensional Analysis A main challenge of chemistry is to understand the

More information

Tools of Chemistry. Measurement Scientific Method Lab Safety & Apparatus

Tools of Chemistry. Measurement Scientific Method Lab Safety & Apparatus Tools of Chemistry Measurement Scientific Method Lab Safety & Apparatus Scientific Notation Scientific Notation a number described as a power of 10 (used for very large or small numbers) 1000 = 1 X 10

More information

Introduction. Chapter 1. The Study of Chemistry. The scientific method is a systematic approach to research

Introduction. Chapter 1. The Study of Chemistry. The scientific method is a systematic approach to research 1 Introduction Chapter 1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2 Macroscopic The Study of Chemistry Microscopic 2 3 The scientific method is a systematic

More information

University of South Carolina. Stephen L Morgan. Tutorial on the Use of Significant Figures

University of South Carolina. Stephen L Morgan. Tutorial on the Use of Significant Figures University of South Carolina Stephen L Morgan Tutorial on the Use of Significant Figures All measurements are approximations--no measuring device can give perfect measurements without experimental uncertainty.

More information

Chapter 2 - Measurements and Calculations

Chapter 2 - Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 - Measurements and Calculations 2-1 The Scientific Method "A logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating

More information

Notes Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations. It is used to easily and simply write very large numbers, and very small numbers.

Notes Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations. It is used to easily and simply write very large numbers, and very small numbers. Scientific Notation Notes Chapter 2: Measurements and Calculations It is used to easily and simply write very large numbers, and very small numbers. It begins with a number greater than zero & less than

More information

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry 51 Chapter 1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo.

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry 51 Chapter 1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo. WHAT IS CHEMISTRY? Chemistry is the science that deals with the materials of the universe, and the changes they undergo. Materials of the universe can be of several forms: Gas: Liquid: Solid: air, oxygen

More information

CHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS

CHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS CHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS Problems: 1-26, 37-76, 80-84, 89-93 2.1 UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENTS measurement: a number with attached units To measure, one uses instruments = tools such as a ruler,

More information

Measurements. October 06, 2014

Measurements. October 06, 2014 Measurements Measurements Measurements are quantitative observations. What are some kinds of quantitative observations you might make? Temperature Volume Length Mass Student A and Student B measured the

More information

Do Now: Use the ruler below to answer the following questions

Do Now: Use the ruler below to answer the following questions Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block Do Now: Use the ruler below to answer the following questions 1. What is each tick mark worth on the ruler? 2. When measuring, to which decimal place should you estimate

More information

Chapter 2a. Measurements and Calculations

Chapter 2a. Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2a Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Table of Contents 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Units 2.3 Measurements of Length, Volume, and Mass 2.4 Uncertainty in Measurement 2.5 Significant Figures

More information

Page 24 Monday August 03, 2015

Page 24 Monday August 03, 2015 Page Monday August 0, 05 Convert with-in the metric system Practice: How many. Practice: How many.. Centimeters in a meter?. Grams in Kilogram?. Liters in Kiloliter?. Meters in Kilometer? 5. Millimeters

More information

Chapter 2. Measurements and Calculations

Chapter 2. Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations Section 2.1 Scientific Notation Measurement Quantitative observation. Has 2 parts number and unit. Number tells comparison. Unit tells scale. If something HAS a

More information

CHAPTER 3. Scientific Notation

CHAPTER 3. Scientific Notation CHAPTER 3 Scientific Notation People who work in scientific fields often have to use very large and very small numbers. Look at some examples in the following table: Measurement Value Density of air at

More information

Measurements and Calculations. Chapter 2

Measurements and Calculations. Chapter 2 Measurements and Calculations Chapter 2 Scientific Method Section 2-1 The Scientific Method The scientific method is a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating

More information

Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving. What Is a Measurement? Scientific Notation 8/20/09. Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro

Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving. What Is a Measurement? Scientific Notation 8/20/09. Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro Measurement and Problem Solving Roy Kennedy Massachusetts Bay Community College Wellesley Hills, MA 2009, Prentice Hall What Is a Measurement? Quantitative

More information

Name. Academic Chemistry Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Measurement cincochem.pbworks.com 1

Name. Academic Chemistry Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Measurement cincochem.pbworks.com 1 Name Academic Chemistry Measurement and Calculations Notes Measurement cincochem.pbworks.com 1 Academic Chemistry SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Unit 1 Significant figures are the digits in a measurement that you

More information

CHAPTER 2: MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMISTRY

CHAPTER 2: MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 2: MEASUREMENTS IN CHEMISTRY MULTIPLE CHOICE 1) The mathematical meaning associated with the metric system prefixes centi, milli, and micro is, respectively, a) 10 2, 10 4, and 10 6 c) 10 3, 10

More information

Name Period Date. Measurements. Fill-in the blanks during the PowerPoint presentation in class.

Name Period Date. Measurements. Fill-in the blanks during the PowerPoint presentation in class. Name Period Date Measurements Fill-in the blanks during the PowerPoint presentation in class. What is Scientific Notation? Scientific notation is a way of expressing big numbers and small numbers. It is

More information

Chapter 2 Measurements & Calculations. Quantity: A thing that can be measured. ex. Length (6.3 ft), mass (35 kg), and time (7.2 s)

Chapter 2 Measurements & Calculations. Quantity: A thing that can be measured. ex. Length (6.3 ft), mass (35 kg), and time (7.2 s) Chapter 2 Measurements & Calculations Quantity: A thing that can be measured. ex. Length (6.3 ft), mass (35 kg), and time (7.2 s) Measurements can be expressed in a variety of units: Example: length(cm,

More information

Name: Class: Date: General Organic and Biological Chemistry 7th Edition Stoker SOLUTIONS MANUAL

Name: Class: Date: General Organic and Biological Chemistry 7th Edition Stoker SOLUTIONS MANUAL General Organic and Biological Chemistry 7th Edition Stoker TEST BANK Full download at: https://testbankreal.com/download/general-organic-biological-chemistry-7thedition-stoker-test-bank/ General Organic

More information

Unit I: Measurements A. Significant figures B. Rounding numbers C. Scientific notation D. Using electronic calculators E.

Unit I: Measurements A. Significant figures B. Rounding numbers C. Scientific notation D. Using electronic calculators E. Unit I: Measurements A. Significant figures B. Rounding numbers C. Scientific notation D. Using electronic calculators E. Using sig figs in arithmetic operations F. The metric system G. Problem solving

More information

Stuff and Energy. Chapter 1

Stuff and Energy. Chapter 1 Stuff and Energy Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Instructional Goals 1. Explain, compare, and contrast the terms scientific method, hypothesis, and experiment. 2. Compare and contrast scientific theory and scientific

More information

Significant Figures. Significant Figures 18/02/2015. A significant figure is a measured or meaningful digit.

Significant Figures. Significant Figures 18/02/2015. A significant figure is a measured or meaningful digit. Significant Figures When counting objects, it is easy to determine the EXACT number of objects. Significant Figures Unit B1 But when a property such as mass, time, volume, or length is MEASURED, you can

More information

How do physicists study problems?

How do physicists study problems? What is Physics? The branch of science that studies the physical world (from atoms to the universe); The study of the nature of matter and energy and how they are related; The ability to understand or

More information

CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates

CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates Name KEY Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations Notes Key Dates Quiz Date Exam Date LAB Dates Notes, Homework,Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry

More information

CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates

CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations. Notes. Key Dates. LAB Dates Name Period CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 2 - Measurement and Calculations Notes Key Dates Quiz Date Exam Date LAB Dates Notes, Homework, Exam Reviews and Their KEYS located on CRHS Academic Chemistry Website:

More information

Measurement. New Topics accuracy vs. precision rounding in chemistry significant figures determining uncertainty of a measurement % error moles - 1 -

Measurement. New Topics accuracy vs. precision rounding in chemistry significant figures determining uncertainty of a measurement % error moles - 1 - Measurement Unit Description In this unit we will focus on the mathematical tools we use in science, especially chemistry the metric system and moles. We will also talk about how to gauge the accuracy

More information

Worksheet 1 Units, Signifiant Figures, Dimensional Analysis, & Density

Worksheet 1 Units, Signifiant Figures, Dimensional Analysis, & Density Name: Name: Name: Name: Worksheet 1 Units, Signifiant Figures, Dimensional Analysis, & Density Objeitives To recognize and use both S.I. and English units correctly. To be able to record a measurement

More information

Scientific Measurement

Scientific Measurement Scientific Measurement A quantity is anything having a measurable size or amount For Example: 5 But 5 what? A unit assigns value to a measured quantity For Example: 5 ft, 5 gal, 5 sec, 5 m, 5 g. Base Units

More information

Co Curricular Data Analysis Review

Co Curricular Data Analysis Review Chapter Vocabulary Co Curricular Data Analysis Review Base Unit Second (s) Meter (m) Kilogram (kg) Kelvin (K) Derived unit Liter Density Scientific notation Dimensional analysis (Equality) not in book

More information

Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2

Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem-Set Solutions 2.1 It is easier to use because it is a decimal unit system. 2.2 Common measurements include mass, volume, length, time, temperature, pressure,

More information

Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving

Chapter 2 Measurement and Problem Solving Measurement and Problem Solving What Is a Measurement? Quantitative observation. Comparison to an agreed upon standard. Every measurement has a number and a unit. 2 A Measurement The unit tells you to

More information

Lesson 5: Significant Digits. AKA Significant Figures

Lesson 5: Significant Digits. AKA Significant Figures Lesson 5: Significant Digits AKA Significant Figures First, take HW out to be checked. Keep it out. In CJ, copy down info from board. Keep CJ open to today s date at the top corner of your desk. On your

More information

Numbers in Science Exploring Measurements, Significant Digits, and Dimensional Analysis

Numbers in Science Exploring Measurements, Significant Digits, and Dimensional Analysis Numbers in Science Exploring Measurements, Significant Digits, and Dimensional Analysis TAKING MEASUREMENTS The accuracy of a measurement depends on two factors: the skill of the individual taking the

More information

Scientific Method. Why Study Chemistry? Why Study Chemistry? Chemistry has many applications to our everyday world. 1. Materials. Areas of Chemistry

Scientific Method. Why Study Chemistry? Why Study Chemistry? Chemistry has many applications to our everyday world. 1. Materials. Areas of Chemistry August 12, 2012 Introduction to Chemistry and Scientific Measurement What is Chemistry? Chemistry: is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Chapters 1 and 3 Why

More information

chpt 1 Labs: Begin next week CHEMISTRY 121 What is Chemistry? Your responsibilities Instructor: Dr. McCullough

chpt 1 Labs: Begin next week CHEMISTRY 121 What is Chemistry? Your responsibilities Instructor: Dr. McCullough CHEMISTRY 121 Instructor: Dr. McCullough About this course Math is only prerequisite Chem 121 is a Natural Science Core course Labs: Begin next week Rules of civility NO: Talking in class/texting/cell

More information

Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2

Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Measurements in Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem-Set Solutions 2.1 It is easier to use because it is a decimal unit system. 2.2 Common measurements include mass, volume, length, time, temperature, pressure,

More information

Section 1 Scientific Method. Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations.

Section 1 Scientific Method. Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of the scientific method. Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative observations. Describe the differences between hypotheses, theories,

More information

Name: Date: Class: Lesson 7: Scientific Notation, SI Units, and Unit Conversions

Name: Date: Class: Lesson 7: Scientific Notation, SI Units, and Unit Conversions NOTES Name: Date: Class: Lesson 7: Scientific Notation, SI Units, and Unit Conversions Scientific Notation Scientists often use numbers that are very large (number of atoms in 1 ml of water or 2.7 grams

More information

2.1 Units of Measurement. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

2.1 Units of Measurement. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2 Measurements 2.1 Units of Measurement 1 Measurement You make a measurement every time you measure your height read your watch take your temperature weigh a cantaloupe 2 Measurement in Chemistry

More information

Notes: Measurement and Calculation

Notes: Measurement and Calculation Name Chemistry-PAP Per. I. The Basics of Measurement Notes: Measurement and Calculation A. Measurement Most provide quantitative information, but because they are obtained experimentally, they are inexact.

More information

see page 8 of these notes )

see page 8 of these notes ) UNIT 1 Note Packet INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY Name: METRICS AND MEASUREMENT In the chemistry classroom and lab, the metric system of measurement is used, so it is important to know what you are measuring,

More information

PREFIXES AND SYMBOLS SI Prefixes you need to know by heart

PREFIXES AND SYMBOLS SI Prefixes you need to know by heart PREFIXES AND SYMBOLS SI Prefixes you need to know by heart Prefix Symbol In 10 n in Decimal Forms Giga G 10 9 1,000,000,000 Mega M 10 6 1,000,000 kilo k 10 3 1,000 deci d 10 1 0.1 centi c 10 2 0.01 milli

More information

Appendix F. Treatment of Numerical Data. I. Recording Data F-1

Appendix F. Treatment of Numerical Data. I. Recording Data F-1 Treatment of umerical Data I. Recording Data When numerical data are recorded, three kinds of information must be conveyed: the magnitude of the number, how well the number is known, and the units used

More information

Every time a measurement is taken, we must be aware of significant figures! Define significant figures.

Every time a measurement is taken, we must be aware of significant figures! Define significant figures. SCHM 103: FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY Ch. 2: Numerical Side of Chemistry Types of data collected in experiments include: Qualitative: Quantitative: Making Measurements Whenever a piece of data is collected,

More information

Unit 2: Data Analysis. Chapter 2

Unit 2: Data Analysis. Chapter 2 Unit 2: Data Analysis Chapter 2 I.Units of Measurement A.SI System (Système International d'unités): modern version of the metric system. 1. The USA is the only country in the world which has not fully

More information

CHEM 1105 January 10, 2014

CHEM 1105 January 10, 2014 CHEM 1105 January 10, 2014 Today: Measurements and Problem solving (Chapter 1, sections 1.6-1.8) SI units and prefixes Converting units Temperature, Volume, Density Significant figures More unit conversion

More information

Worksheet 0.3: Math and Measurements

Worksheet 0.3: Math and Measurements Name Block Worksheet 0.3: Math and Measurements READING MEASURING DEVICES NOTES Here are a couple of examples of graduated cylinders: An important part of Chemistry is measurement. It is very important

More information

Law vs. Theory. Steps in the Scientific Method. Chapter 1. Chemical Foundations. Nature of Measurement. Outcomes Over the Long-Term

Law vs. Theory. Steps in the Scientific Method. Chapter 1. Chemical Foundations. Nature of Measurement. Outcomes Over the Long-Term Chapter 1 Chemical Foundations Steps in the Scientific Method 1. Observations quantitative qualitative 2. Formulating hypotheses possible explanation for the observation 3. Performing experiments gathering

More information

Math Skills Needed For Chemistry

Math Skills Needed For Chemistry Lecture Presentation Chapter 1 Chemistry in Our Lives What is Chemistry? Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter. happens all around you every day. Antacid

More information

Everyday Conversion: Money

Everyday Conversion: Money Everyday Conversion: Money Everyday Measurement: Water Everyday Measurement: Water Everyday Accuracy: Weighing Scales The need to measure correctly and convert! Some Interesting Quantities Length Volume

More information

Chemistry 11. Unit 2 : Introduction to Chemistry

Chemistry 11. Unit 2 : Introduction to Chemistry Chemistry 11 Unit 2 : Introduction to Chemistry 1 2 1. Unit conversion In Chemistry 11 and 12, a mathematical method called Unit Conversions will be used extensively. This method uses CONVERSION FACTORS

More information

Introduction to Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry Introduction to Chemistry A. Unit Conversions 1. In Chemistry 11 and 12, a mathematical method called Unit Conversions will be used extensively. This method uses CONVERSION FACTORS to convert or change

More information

CHAPTER TWO: MEASUREMENTS AND PROBLEM SOLVING

CHAPTER TWO: MEASUREMENTS AND PROBLEM SOLVING CHAPTER TWO: MEASUREMENTS AND PROBLEM SOLVING Measurements: Our Starting Point! Why should we begin our study of chemistry with the topic of measurement?! Much of the laboratory work in this course is

More information

2 ways to write the same number: 6,500: standard form 6.5 x 10 3 : scientific notation

2 ways to write the same number: 6,500: standard form 6.5 x 10 3 : scientific notation greater than or equal to one, and less than 10 positive exponents: numbers greater than 1 negative exponents: numbers less than 1, (> 0) (fractions) 2 ways to write the same number: 6,500: standard form

More information

Chapter 1B. Measurement CHAPTER OUTLINE

Chapter 1B. Measurement CHAPTER OUTLINE Chapter 1B Measurement 1 CHAPTER OUTLINE SI Units Scientific Notation Error in Measurements Significant Figures Rounding Off Numbers Conversion of Factors Conversion of Units Volume & Density 2 1 SI UNITS

More information

Today is Thursday, February 8 th, 2018

Today is Thursday, February 8 th, 2018 In This Lesson: Measurement and Significant Figures (Lesson 3 of 6) Today is Thursday, February 8 th, 2018 Stuff You Need: Calculator Pre-Class: Get your calculators and get ready. Something else to do:

More information

Prefixes. Metric and SI Prefixes. Learning Check. Metric Equalities. Equalities. Basic Chemistry. Chapter 2 Lecture

Prefixes. Metric and SI Prefixes. Learning Check. Metric Equalities. Equalities. Basic Chemistry. Chapter 2 Lecture Chapter 2 Lecture Chapter 2 2.4 Prefixes and Equalities Measurements Learning Goal Use the numerical values of prefixes to write a metric equality. Fifth Edition Prefixes A prefix in front of a unit increases

More information

Right Side NOTES ONLY. TN Ch 2.1, 2.3 Topic: EQ:

Right Side NOTES ONLY. TN Ch 2.1, 2.3 Topic: EQ: CH 2 MEASUREMENTS Title and Highlight Right Side NOTES ONLY TN Ch 2.1, 2.3 Topic: EQ: Date Reflect Question: Reflect on the material by asking a question (its not suppose to be answered from notes) NOTES:

More information

Chemistry Basic Science Concepts. Observations: are recorded using the senses. Examples: the paper is white; the air is cold; the drink is sweet.

Chemistry Basic Science Concepts. Observations: are recorded using the senses. Examples: the paper is white; the air is cold; the drink is sweet. Note Packet # 1 1 Chemistry: the study of matter. Chemistry Basic Science Concepts Matter: anything that has mass and occupies space. Observations: are recorded using the senses. Examples: the paper is

More information

HI-1017: Pharmacy Technician. Module 14 - Metric System

HI-1017: Pharmacy Technician. Module 14 - Metric System HI-1017: Pharmacy Technician Module 14 - Metric System Slide 1 Main Objectives The Metric System Converting Metric Units Practice Exercises Slide 2 The Metric System The Metric System Units of Measurement

More information

In chemistry we use metric units (called SI units after the French term for Systeme internationale.

In chemistry we use metric units (called SI units after the French term for Systeme internationale. Metric system / SI units: In chemistry we use metric units (called SI units after the French term for Systeme internationale. SI units: The SI units we ll be primarily concerned with are shown here: Base

More information

Chapter 2. Preview. Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method

Chapter 2. Preview. Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method Preview Objectives Scientific Method Observing and Collecting Data Formulating Hypotheses Testing Hypotheses Theorizing Scientific Method Section 1 Scientific Method Objectives Describe the purpose of

More information

Gilbert Kirss Foster. Chapter 1. Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe

Gilbert Kirss Foster. Chapter 1. Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe Gilbert Kirss Foster Chapter 1 Properties of Gases The Air We Breathe Chapter Outline 1.1 States of Matter 1.2 Forms of Energy 1.3 Classes of Matter 1.4 Properties of Matter 1.5 Atomic Theory: The Scientific

More information

Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide What is Chemistry? (Chapter 1)

Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide What is Chemistry? (Chapter 1) Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide What is Chemistry? (Chapter 1) Conversion factor Density Uncertainty Significant digits/figures Precision Accuracy Percent error September 2017 Page 1 of 32 Scientific

More information