formulating a thesis statement, and used different media to show the different representation

Transcription

1 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 3/10/16 Cover letter This process of this project had taught me how to plan my research by choosing a topic, formulating a thesis statement, and used different media to show the different representation portraying during the Salem Witch Trail. After the peer review, I was able to constructed a better claim by talking about how medias portray the Salem Witch trails differently. In addition, providing a reason why it is to support my claim. Also, I had used Madi feedback by including more explanations that shows how Arthur Miller portrays the witches in his play. Then to further my explanation I was able to use other references to narrow down my analysis. More over, after the peer review, I had learned to better interpret my sources by elaborating more on what the author is trying to say meanwhile sticking to my claim. Furthermore, Madi suggested to make my sentence a little broader so it can relate more to real life. For that I have used her suggestion and changed my sentence from this also infer that the monster is a disguise in front of you, no one could ever tell until the devil show their true self to this also infer that the monster is a disguise in front of you, you cannot tell someone s true motives from their appearances. The suggestions have helped me to create a stronger claim. Also, this project had taught me how to conduct a better research as I determine the relevance of the source pertaining to my claim and consider if the article is a point of view or a stance. In addition, I was able to use source that fit in with my other sources. For an example, I was able to use a scholarly article and tied it in with one of Cohen s seven theses. Comment [1]: This%cover%letter%is%unorganized%and% hard%to%follow.%while%you%do%discuss%your%processes,%it% seems%like%each%sentence%is%an%afterthought%because% you%rely%on%words%like%also,%furthermore,%and%in%addition% too%often.

2 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 2/24/16 3 Media Outline Introduction: Monster: Salem witch trails Claim: % The monster is in disguise. % People always view things in extreme in just a black and white scope. The monster is view within the grey scope. % In this case, the girls being accused as witches aren t the monster but the people blaming them are. People would stab another in the back and cover it up like you re doing the world a favor. Introduce 3 media: 1)% Play Crucible- Arthur Millers: (January 22, 1953) 2)% The Simpson- witch trails- youtube parody clip (April 24, 2015) 3)% Comic strip- (April 26, 2006) Body:

3 1)% Crucible play Representation: Scholar article in relation: the healer and the witch: sexuality and power in Arthur Miller s the crucible - % Presecution of witches in Salem, MA (1692) persecution of female sexuality % Protrayal conception of hysteria % Inherit Eve s original sin o% Women are more prone to sensual, sinister, cranal, and prone to evil o% Especially those who transgressed socially construct gender boundaries In relation to the crucible: % Accusation of devil worshipping/ witchcraft- who have knowledge about sexuality % Women who are evil have to endure pregnancy, childbirth, and infant mortality % Sarah Good: engage in extramarital sex % Tituba: hold social power, Afo- Caribbean healer/ spiritual medium, use knowledge of indigenous portion/ folk spell to conjure spirit of Ann Putman deceased children

4 % Abigail: drank enchanted blood to kill Elizabeth Proctor- wife of her former love, John Proctor 2)% Comicshttp://ladyz0e.deviantart.com/art/Salem- Witch-Trials Summary: The comic shows an image of the neighborhood towns people accusing the young girls of doing witchcraft b/c they act in a hysteria manner. In another panel, the dialogue read, that is another lady to sucking her yellow birds between her finger- so they re just blaming the people randomly by the act that they think are wrong. In another incident, a maid mid name was Towne so people had accused her of witchcraft since in history her last name were an enemy s last name of the town. The last sign states that more girls will be put on trail before Salem grew tire of the witch hunt. This represented that when the people are done having fun of the accusing young innocent girls, they will be done. This portrays that the town people are the evil one for accusing the innocent girl of witchcraft. During the time it was so prestigious that the girls are afraid of sinning which made them to sin more. In addition, the town people only see the black and white of the problem, they can t see the grey image in between since there are more to being too good and being too bad. Not everyone is perfect. Scholar source in response: McCloud claim about comic/cohen % Ch.3: Blood in the gutter- imagination take 2 image and put them into 1 idea

5 % Committing the closure by making connection between the two % Categories: aspect to aspect % Perception of reality is based on fragment 3)% The Simpson- witch trails % Shows the simpson parody of witch trails. It highlights how everyone was accused and portray jealous motivation behind it. In addition, Seemore, accused his own family members. % During the fire of the witches- the people sounded joyful from their death. % When Lisa infer, if they are witches why don t they use witch power to escape and Homer states, that sounds like witchcraft to me Lisa This identify that if you re just putting your opinion out and other people don t think the same thing they could accuse you of doing witchcraft. % In the judge room, people would just yell names of the lady who they want to accusedthere are no evident or reasons behind it % When marge states, this witchhunt has become a circuit, the towns people states, you must be witchcraft- how come your laundry are better than mine Source in response : The crucible- Thug notes summary/analysis response % Pointing finger at own people % Explain the theory of guilty vs. non-guilty % Quotes: ours is a divided empire in which certain ideas and emotion and action are of God and their opposite are of Lucifer. A political party is equated with a moral right and opposition to it with dicibolical malevolence Miller (crucible book)

6 o% This identify that people always view things in extreme. If it isn t god then it must be of the devil so therefore it become a moral opposites. % Quotes: long held hatred of neighbors could now be openly expressed and vengeance taken, despite the bible s charitable injection miller, act 1 (crucible) o% This identify that people would stab another in the back and cover it up like you re doing the world a favor o% Scholarly source: Cohen thesis: monstrosity is in disguise The word Crucible mean a severe test- this indicates that they are testing the action of monstrosity through how their action

7 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 3/1/16 3 Media Peer Review Draft In the great majority of cultures throughout history and throughout the world, the most terrible of human fears became embodied in one terrible being: the witch (Steven). In the first media, Arthur Miller s classic of The Crucible plays portray the monster in disguise as Abagail, Comment [2]: This%should%be%italicized. as she became antagonist who had an affair with John Proctor and selfishly accused many innocent women of doing witchcraft in order to protect herself. In the second media, the image is represented by many icons that signified the accuser s inner delusion of evilness. As the image Comment [3]: What%image%are%you%referring%to? was symbolized with a snake and two witch stirring a cauldron. The third media identifies a Simpson parody of the witch trials as the town people portray the action of monstrosity in a form vengeance which caused a corrupt society. The Salem witchcraft trails of 1692, identifies that monstrosity are in disguise as the accusers because they are only worrying about their own well being. Arthur Miller s play, The Crucible represented a hysteria that took place in 1692 in Salem, MA. The plot of the play soon escalated with fear and paranoia; as Reverend Parris Comment [4]: Is%this%your%claim%for%all%three%media?%If% so,%i%would%make%that%a%little%more%clear.%i%think%this% sounds%like%it%works%for%the%salem%witch%trials%overall,% but%i%think%you%should%try%to%talk%about%how%these%forms% of%media%portray%the%trials%differently. caught his niece Abagail and other young girls dancing naked in the forest with a witch cauldron. Also, Reverend Paris saw his slave Tituba chanting a charm over the cauldron, while the young girls drank chicken blood as part of a charm to kill a woman named Elizabeth Proctor (Miller). In addition, Reverend Parris did not want to tell the truth about his witness because he was not ready to lose his good reputation. In relation, Tanfer Tunc wrote an article, the healer and the

8 witch: sexuality and power states, It was a common belief that women who were trained in the art of midwifery possessed knowledge beyond the boundaries circumscribed by society because of their familiarity with herbs, portion, rituals, and the mysteries of life (Tunc, 267). This statement identified that the monster is represented by the culture as the minds gets demonized over sinful actions. Next, in Act two of The Crucible portrays the idea that whomever get accused of doing witchcraft get brought up in front of Abagail and her friends as the girls fall to the ground and act like spirits are attacking them, the accuser would get sentence to death (Miller). In comparison to Cohen s thesis number four, by revealing the difference is arbitrary and potentially free-floating mutable rather than essential, the monster threatens to destroy not just individual members of a society, but the very cultural apparatus through; which individuality is constituted and allowed. (Cohen, 20). This statements by Cohen identifies, that as Abagail and her friends portrays the Comment [5]: This%is%a%good%summary%of%the%play%but%I% would%try%to%include%some%more%explanation%and%show% how%arthur%miller%portrays%the%witches.% They're%women..%does%this%show%that%people%during%this% time%believed%women%were%more%easily%corrupted%or% more%evil%than%men? Were%the%women%accused%of%being%a%witch%normal?% Were%they%lower%class%or%upper%class%or%a%mix%of%all% classes? Did%Miller%describe%what%these%witches%looked%like?% Were%they%ugly%or%scary? (these%are%just%ideas%of%where%you%could%elaborate,%you% definitely%don't%have%to%take%all%or%any%of%these) Comment [6]: Since%this%is%such%a%long%quote,%I%would% try%to%paraphrase%it,%but%if%not%it%still%fits%well%to%compare% the%thesis%to%the%play. action of monstrosity it will not only affect the innocent individual but rather disrupting both the cultural and society it dwells in. In addition, Tunc states, aware of this potent connection, the young accusers cunningly and subversively employ all the traditional characteristics of the Comment [7]: This%is%a%good%claim%of%what%both%Miller% and%cohen%are%saying%about%monstrosity. hysteria woman-crying, fainting, screaming, hallucination, and turning cold- to suggest the witches power to infect and poison normal girls through their dangerous, contagious sexuality, as well as the need to punish such nonconformist women (Tunc, 268). This argument identifies that although, they may deem to look like normal girls but in reality the demon was working inside of them as he feeds them with lies. Therefore, this determines that the true monsters are Abagail and her friends making false witness for their own good. The crucible, also represent the idea that monster always escape according to Cohen s thesis number 2 (Cohen, 13). In the end of the Crucible, Abagail left the town in wreckage as she Comment [8]: This%answers%one%of%the%questions%I%put% at%the%end%of%your%first%body%paragraph%maybe%try%to% elaborate%more%here? Comment [9]: Good%Not%sure%if%you%want%to%elaborate% here%or%in%your%conclusion,%but%is%this%true%in%real%life?% Are%monsters%as%bad%as%people%make%them,%or%is% monstrosity%a%result%of%people%discriminating%and% placing%blame%on%others%in%order%to%benefit%themselves? Comment [10]: After%reading%this%comment%again,%I'm% not%completely%sure%if%it%makes%sense%haha%sorry Comment [11]: Good%connection%to%Cohen

9 stole all of the Reverend s money and ran away with it. This connects to Cohen s thesis number 2 as he argues, we see the damage that the monster wrecks, the material remains but the monster itself turns immaterial and vanishes (Cohen, 13). This argument indicates that Abagail was the true monster as she was the antagonist of the Crucible by having an affair with John Proctor, randomly accusing innocent women of doing witchcraft for her own sake of advantages, and practicing the devil work of witchcraft. This also infer that the monster is a disguise in front of you, no one could ever tell until the devil show their true self. The second media, an image produced by Robert Calef presented the evidences behind witchcraft convictions. This image shows two witch stirring a steaming cauldron. In addition, in the background shows a witch riding a broomstick, a snake in one of the witch s hand, and a cat Comment [12]: I%see%where%you%are%going%with%this,% but%you%could%make%this%come%out%a%bit%and%make%it%a% little%more%broad%so%it%relates%to%real%life.%like%just%leave% it%as%you%can't%tell%someones%true%motives%or%state%of% mind%from%their%appearance,%i%don't%know%haha% something%like%that. Comment [13]: I%would%post%the%picture%in%your%text%or% at%least%at%the%end. leaping into the scene from the right side ( ). This image represented the Salem witch trials which was caused by the accuser s inner delusion of evil. In relation to McCloud s claims, the icon image can become an identities captured throughout the realism image (McCloud ch 2). Comment [14]: This%is%good,%but%I%would%elaborate% more. Therefore, the two witch stirring the cauldron portrays the act of creating evilness and demon into the culture of the society being the cauldron. The sinister in this case are symbolized by the snake, for in history snake represent the seeking of vengeance to backstab someone. In relation to the Crucible, Arthur Miller states, long held hatred of neighbors could now be openly expressed and vengeance taken, despite the bible s charitable injection (Crucible act 1). Comment [15]: I%think%it's%good%you%related%this%to%The% Crucible%I%would%elaborate%and%give%more%of%a%compare% or%contrast%to%the%play. Therefore, this determines that the true monsters aren t the witches but the people who are accusing others of doing witchcraft. The third media identifies a Simpson parody of the witch trail. In the short parody, it had highlight the reason why everyone was accused of witchcraft. In addition, the witch trail had turned into such a catastrophe that shows Seemore accusing his own mother of doing witchcraft

10 to be hung as he seemed joyful about her death (Simpson). This portrays the absurdity of the town s people as they are overtaken by the mind of the devil. In relation, during the firing of the witches who were being accused, there were no mourning but rather spreading the joy of happiness as the neighbors watched their loved one being burned to death (Simpson). Kittredge wrote an article about, A case of witchcraft states, witch hunting never flourishes unless the Comment [16]: Was%this%seen%in%the%actual%Salem% Witch%Trials??%Or%is%this%something%that%the%Simpsons% exaggerate? common people are eager for it (Kittredge, 1). This statement determines that it was not the witch s fault who had caused such insanity and destruction within the town but rather the encouragement of monstrosity in disguise of the town s people. Comment [17]: I%think%this%could%be%a%claim%that%is% fitting%to%all%of%the%3%pieces%of%media. Comment [18]: Make%sure%you%include%your%works% cited%page Comment [19]: And%a%conclusion%Restate%your%claim% and%show%your%"so%what"%of%the%monstrosity%in%the% Salem%Witch%Trials.

11 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 3/1/16 3 Media Draft In the great majority of cultures throughout history and throughout the world, the most terrible of human fears became embodied in one terrible being: the witch (Schmid). In the first media, Arthur Miller s classic of The Crucible plays portray the monster in disguise as Abagail, as she became the antagonist who had an affair with John Proctor and selfishly accused many Comment [20]: Just%state% In%Arthur%Miller %rather% than%relying%on%the%numbering%of%your%media%choices. innocent women of doing witchcraft in order to protect herself. In the second media, the Salem Witch trails comics art was vivid and iconic which made the accusers to stand out from the witches being accused. The third media identifies a Simpson parody of the witch trials as the town people portray the action of monstrosity in a form vengeance which caused a corrupt society. The three media helps to portrays the Salem witch trail differently as it provides different interoperation and analysis of the Salem witch trail. However, the 3 media also help to portrays that monstrosity are in disguise because all humans are sinners. Arthur Miller s play, The Crucible represented a hysteria that took place in 1692 in Salem, MA. The plot of the play soon escalated with fear and paranoia; as Reverend Parris caught his niece Abagail and other young girls dancing naked in the forest with a witch cauldron. Comment [21]: There%are%numerous%spelling%and% grammar%errors%that%are%affecting%the%argument%you%are% trying%to%make.%be%sure%that%you%are%spelling%titles%and% character%names%correctly.% In%addition,%you%need%to%develop%a%clear%thesis% statement%that%communicates%your%claim%about%how% witches%are%portrayed. The representation of the girls dancing naked in the forest portrays that they are the other of the society and are not normal like other people. Also, Reverend Paris saw his slave Tituba chanting a charm over the cauldron, while the young girls drank chicken blood as part of a charm to kill a woman named Elizabeth Proctor (Miller). This statement also portrays the others aspect that they

12 come from a foreign culture. Therefore, this portrayal shows that when someone comes from a different culture they may be seen as someone who are different and the differences could make them seem like a monster. In relation, Tanfer Tunc wrote an article, the healer and the witch: sexuality and power states, It was a common belief that women who were trained in the art of midwifery possessed knowledge beyond the boundaries circumscribed by society because of their familiarity with herbs, portion, rituals, and the mysteries of life (Tunc 267). This statement identified that the monster is represented by the culture as the minds gets demonized over sinful actions. In addition, Arthur Miller portrays the witches through the scope of that all woman are more easily corrupt and evil than man. Within the play, all of the people who were accused of witchcraft were all women. In relation, Tunc states, accusations were based on ancient Greek conceptions of hysteria and the medieval belief that as the inheritors of Eve s original sin (Tunc Comment [22]: What%claim%are%you%trying%to%make%in% this%paragraph?%how%is%miller s%play%portraying% witches?%establish%a%claim%and%then%use%the%evidence% from%the%play%to%back%up%your%claim. Comment [23]: This%is%a%better%topic%sentence,% although%there%are%still%issues%with%grammatical%errors.% However,%you%don t%use%the%play%itself%to%effectively% support%the%claim. 266). This claim determined that in the beginning of time Eve, the first lady ever lived on this earth were easily to fall into temptation by the devil. However, this claim is not entirely true because both gender man and woman are equally capable of sinning. In connection to Arthur Miller shows that even man sins when John Proctor had an affair with Abagail. Therefore, this proves that everyone has a monster inside of them. Next, in Act two of The Crucible portrays the idea that whomever get accused of doing witchcraft get brought up in front of Abagail and her friends as the girls fall to the ground and act like spirits are attacking them, the accuser would get sentence to death (Miller). In comparison to Cohen s thesis number four, by revealing the difference is arbitrary and potentially free-floating mutable rather than essential, the monster threatens to destroy not just individual members of a society, but the very cultural apparatus through; which individuality is constituted and allowed.

13 (Cohen 20). This statements by Cohen identifies, that as Abagail and her friends portrays the action of monstrosity it will not only affect the innocent individual but rather disrupting both the cultural and society it dwells in. In addition, Tunc states, the young accusers cunningly and subversively employ all the traditional characteristics of the hysteria woman-crying, fainting, screaming, hallucination, and turning cold- to suggest the witches power to infect and poison normal girls through their dangerous, contagious sexuality, as well as the need to punish such nonconformist women (Tunc 268). This argument identifies that although, they may deem to look like normal girls but in reality the demon was working inside of them as he feeds them with lies. Therefore, this determines that woman are easily tempted by the devil and shows more action of monstrosity. The crucible, also represent the idea that monster always escape according to Cohen s Comment [24]: Your%argument%is%unclear%here%and%you% don t%use%your%sources%effectively.%what%claim%are%you% trying%to%make?%consider%how%each%of%these%sources% can%help%you%support%that%claim. thesis number 2 (Cohen 13). In the end of the Crucible, Abagail left the town in wreckage as she stole all of the Reverend s money and ran away with it. This connects to Cohen s thesis number 2 as he argues, we see the damage that the monster wrecks, the material remains but the monster itself turns immaterial and vanishes (Cohen 13). This argument indicates that Abagail was the true monster as she was the antagonist of the Crucible by having an affair with John Proctor, randomly accusing innocent women of doing witchcraft for her own sake of advantages, and practicing the devil work of witchcraft. This also infer that the monster is a disguise in front of you, you cannot tell someone s true motives from their appearances. The second media is a comic called The Salem Terror produced by Maurice Del Bourgo, portrays the evidences behind the negative motives of the accusers. The suspected witch, Sarah Osborn were illustrated as an old wrinkly tall woman with pointed noses and Comment [25]: The%paper%is%unbalanced%because%you% spend%more%time%discussing%miller s%play%than%the%other% two%images%of%witches.%there%is%a%lot%of%unnecessary% plot%summary%in%the%paragraphs%that%could%be% eliminate.%while%you%do%want%to%explain%what%the%play%is% about,%you%need%to%be%pulling%specific%evidence%from% the%play%that%helps%to%support%your%claims%about%the%text% rather%than%recounting%all%of%the%events%that%occur%in%the% play. fingers. Whereas, the accuser was illustrated with more vividly bright color clothing pointing her

14 finger at the witches and states, That s who it is. She is the evil one. In addition, the accuser fingers were illuminated behind the background which represent an icon of a monster. In relation to McCloud s claims, the icon image can become an identities captured throughout the realism image (McCloud). Therefore, the shadow fingers portray the unnamable monsters within the culture and represent a sense of absence and negativity. The third media identifies a Simpson parody of the witch trail. In the short parody, it had highlight the reason why everyone was accused of witchcraft. In addition, the witch trail had turned into such a catastrophe that shows Seemore accusing his own mother of doing witchcraft Comment [26]: Good%job%bringing%in%McCloud%here.% However,%there%is%almost%no%analysis%of%the%image%in% this%paragraph%beyond%this%one%statement.%rather%than% describing%the%image%in%such%great%detail,%you%could% include%it%in%the%paper%so%that%your%focus%could%be%on% providing%a%claim%about%how%witches%are%being% portrayed%in%the%comic. to be hung as he seemed joyful about her death (History Classroom Video). This portrays the absurdity of the town s people as they are overtaken by the mind of the devil. In relation, during the firing of the witches who were being accused, there were no mourning but rather spreading the joy of happiness as the neighbors watched their loved one being burned to death (History Classroom video). Kittredge wrote an article about, A case of witchcraft states, witch hunting never flourishes unless the common people are eager for it (Kittredge, 1). This statement determines that it was not the witch s fault who had caused such insanity and destruction within the town but rather the encouragement of monstrosity in disguise of the town s people. In relation to the Crucible, Arthur Miller states, long held hatred of neighbors could now be openly expressed and vengeance taken, despite the bible s charitable injection (Miller). Therefore, this determines that the true monsters aren t the witches but the people who are accusing others of doing witchcraft. The three media were able to help identified the concept that everyone is a monsters. In Comment [27]: Again,%this%relies%more%on%recounting% the%events%of%the%show%rather%than%your%analysis%of%why% they%are%important%to%your%argument. particular, with the Salem witch trail the accusers are the monsters in the disguise due to their fear and negative motives of accusing suspected witches of doing witchcraft. In addition, this

15 determines that the true monsters in the Crucible play were Abagail and her friends as they make false witnesses of witchcraft toward innocent woman for their own good. The Salem Terror comic help to evaluate the evidence behind the negative motives of the witchcraft accusation by the shadow portrayal of the finger. Also, the Simpsons parody help to identified the absurdity of the town s people as they are overtaken by the mind of the devil. Therefore, this shows that everyone has a monster inside of them because everyone is sinful. Comment [28]: You%have%chosen%three%texts%that%work% well%to%demonstrate%changes%in%the%portrayal%of% witches.%however,%you%spend%too%much%time%on%miller s% play%and%not%enough%time%on%the%other%two%which% makes%your%paper%very%unbalanced.% Work%on%establishing%a%claim%about%witches%and%then% smaller%claims%about%how%each%of%these%is%portraying% witches.%don t%include%so%much%plot%summary%for%each% of%your%texts]%instead,%pull%specific%evidence%and% provide%an%analysis.% You%have%included%your%sources,%but%the%quotes%don t% always%connect%to%your%own%ideas.%in%some%places,%it% isn t%clear%why%you%have%chosen%the%quote,%so%be%sure% that%you%understand%the%quotes%and%connect%them%to% your%claims%more%directly.% You%also%need%to%take%your%writing%to%the%Writing%Center% and%work%on%the%numerous%spelling%and%grammar% errors%that%remain%in%your%work.%these%will%affect%your% final%grade%if%you%do%not%work%to%eliminate%them%from% your%revised%papers. References: Cohen, Jeffery Jerome. Monster Culture (Seven theses). Monsters. Eds. Brandy Ball Blake and Comment [29]: You%need%to%format%this%as%an%MLA% works%cited%page. L. Andrew Cooper. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead Press, Print. History Classroom Videos. Witch Trails-Simpsons. Online Video Clip. Youtube. Youtube, 24 Apr Web 2 Mar 2016.

16 Kittredge, G.L. A Case of Witchcraft The American Historical Review 23.1 (1917): 1-2 JSTOR. Web. 7 Mar, McCloud Scott. Understanding the Comic: The Invisible Art. Kitchen Sink Press: A Division of Harper Collins Publishers, Miller, Arthur. The Crucible (Penguin Classics). London: Penguin Classics, 2003 Pappy, Witches of Salem 28 March March Schmid, David, Defining the Monster. University of Buffalo The State University of New York, Web. 2 March Tunc, Tanfer Emin. The Healer and the Witch: Sexuality and Power in Arthur Miller s The Crucible. Explicator (2013): Academic Search Complete. Web 2 Mar

17 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 4/18/16 3 media final peer review Within our society there are many monsters in disguise who are hidden below the surface where no one can predict their existence, until their true self is presented. In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, Miller portrays Abigail as the monster in disguise as she becomes the antagonist, who had an affair with John Proctor, and selfishly accuses many other innocent women of witchcraft. The Salem Witch trial comic helps to give a clearer visualization of the monster Comment [30]: Name%the%comic%here. being the accuser through the more vivid and iconic description compared to the dull images of the accused witches. The Simpson parody of the witch trial identifies the corruption of society as a form of monstrosity consumed the mind and action of a community people. The three media help to identify the portrayal of witches and how the society incorporates the monsters in disguise, who intentionally commit crimes because of their sinful desires and fantasy. The Crucible by Arthur Miller identifies that when people who do not belong in society they commit actions that are unacceptable for the society. For an example, In The Crucible when Abigail and her friends dance naked in the forest with a witch cauldron, this shows that they fall into a different category of conceptualization and are not normal like other people. In addition, Reverend Parris also sees his slave Tituba chanting a charm over the cauldron with the girls drinking the chicken blood as part of a charm to kill the most religious woman named Elizabeth Proctor (Miller). This image engages the idea that Tituba is a foreigner whose sense of ritual is seen as the outsider and a monster toward the society. In relation, Tanfer Tunc wrote an article Comment [31]: This%sentence%is%a%bit%of%a%run%on% sentence%with%some%grammar%issues.%you%may%want%to% break%this%sentence%into%two%separate%sentences. Comment [32]: "Comparing%these%three%media..." Comment [33]: I%am%guessing%this%is%your%thesis% statement.%it%is%much%clearer%than%in%your%original%draft% but%you%could%describe%how%the%identity%is%being% portrayed%better.%i%mean%that%you%should%use%a%little% more%specific%evidence.%identify%and%specifically%the% similarities%or%differences%in%the%witch%identity's%%that%you% are%analyzing%then%say%why%this%matters%in%society.% Better%intro%than%previous,%there%are%less%grammar% issues%than%previous%which%is%what%amber%seemed%to% point%out%previously. Comment [34]: You%have%already%named%the%author%in% the%intro,%this%is%redundant. Comment [35]: Again,%redundant. Comment [36]: You%may%want%to%explain%why%they%are% not%like%other%people%in%a%little%more%detail%to%help% strengthen%this%piece%of%evidence. Comment [37]: The%transitions%between%evidence%are% choppy.%you%name%a%piece%of%evidence%and%then%don't% really%explain%the%evidence.%then%you%state%another% piece%of%evidence%and%it%doesn't%seem%to%run%very% smoothly%together.%the%flow%is%somewhat%off.%try% reading%this%paragraph%aloud%to%find%problems%like%this. Comment [38]: Try,%"This%demonstrates..."

18 called The Healer and the Witch: Sexuality and Power in which he states, it was a common belief that women who were trained in the art of midwifery possessed knowledge beyond the boundaries circumscribed by society because of their familiarity with herbs, portion, rituals, and the mysteries of life (Tunc, 267). This statement concludes that the culture embodies the monster through the made difference in traditional practice. In addition, Arthur Miller portrays that all women are more corrupt and fall into temptation easier than men. In The Crucible, most of the people who are accused of witchcraft are woman. For example, Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, Tituba, along with many other women Comment [39]: This%quote%would%work%is%Tituba%was% trained%in%midwifery.%if%she%is,%you%may%want%to%state% that%in%your%introduction%of%the%character%otherwise%use% a%different%quote%because%midwifery%is%the%trade%of% delivering%babies.%you%are%saying%tituba%is%different% because%she%was%practicing%voodoo%over%a%cauldron.% So%using%a%scholarly%quote%that%says%women%who%were% midwifes%were%seen%as%women%who%possessed% knowledge%beyond%boundaries%of%society%doesn't%make% since%if%you%are%using%this%to%prove%how%tituba%is% different.%i%hope%you%see%how%these%don't%match. Comment [40]: This%paragraph%doesn't%seem%to%match% your%thesis.%you%discuss%how%the%witches%in%the% crucible%are%portrayed%but%then%don't%connect%it%to%how% they%are%disguised%or%why%this%connects%to%society. are put on trial and found guilty of witchcraft. In relation, Tunc states, accusations were based on ancient Greek conceptions of hysteria and the medieval belief that as the inheritors of Eve s original sin (Tunc, 266). This claim implies that in the beginning of time Eve, the first lady who ever lived on this earth as easily fell into temptation by the devil as the witchcraft accusers. However, this claim is not entirely true because both gender are equally capable of sinning because deep down everyone has negative or sinful desires and fantasy. In connection, Arthur Miller represented this idea by the embarrassing connotation when John Proctor had an affair with Abigail. This helps to identifies that everyone is a sinner no matter what gender you are and we are all monsters in disguise. The society is so overtaken by the monster in disguise that when the monster get so much power in his hand, he destroys the most righteous of them all. For an example, in Act two of the Crucible, Abigail and her friends have so much authority that they are able to accuse any woman Comment [41]: You%make%a%lot%of%broad%claims%in%this% paragraph%and%it%seems%like%you%may%be%mixing% personal%views%in%which%in%a%research%paper%should%be% avoided.%try%to%stay%objective,%focus%on%the%portrayal%of% female%identity%of%women%in%the%crucible,%and%remember% to%connect%to%your%thesis.%this%turned%in%to%talking%about% how%sin%is%possible%for%everyone.%that%is%not%in%your% thesis.%also%some%grammatical%issues.%read%aloud%to% help%find%those. of doing witchcraft by fake falling and acting like that woman s spirit is attacking them (Miller, #). This is the reason why monsters are frightening is because of their ability to harm people and their power to manipulate the minds of others surrounding them. They were inciting fears from

19 the villagers; making the villagers fearful of the horrible destruction these woman can inflict. In comparison to Jeffrey Cohen s thesis number four, in which he asserts by revealing the Comment [42]: Try,%"Jeffrey%Cohen%claims..." difference in arbitrary and potentially free-floating mutable rather than essential, the monster threatens to destroy not just individual members of a society, but the very cultural apparatus through; which individuality is constituted and allowed (Cohen, 20). This proves that not only the innocent individual who were accused of witchcraft are affected but it disrupts both the culture and society the monster dwells in. The Crucible also presents the idea that monsters always escape according to Cohen s thesis number 2 (Cohen, 13). In the end of The Crucible, Abigail leaves the town in wreckage as she steals all of Reverend s money and runs away with it. This connects to Cohen s thesis number 2 as he argues, we see the damage that the monster wrecks, the material remains but the monster itself turns immaterial and vanishes (Cohen 13). This argument indicates that Comment [43]: Reconsider%what%Cohen%is%saying.%He% is%saying%that%monsters%are%monsters%because%they% threaten%and%destroy%the%cultures%of%people.%consider% why%the%females%were%witches%and%accused%of% witchcraft,%their%identity%is%being%sexualized.%puritans% (the%members%of%society%during%the%salem%witch%trials)% were%very%anti_sex.%they%wore%clothes%that%covered% their%whole%bodies%and%saw%the%ideals%the%witches% represented%as%sinful.%the%witches%identities%are% threatening%the%society%that%puritans%believed%in%and% had%lived%in.%that%is%why%they%are%monsters.%that%is%why% their%identity%mattered.%consider%this%when%considering% Cohen's%claim. Abigail was the true monster as she was the antagonist of The Crucible by having an affair with John Proctor, randomly accusing innocent women of doing witchcraft for her own sake and practicing the devil work of witchcraft. This also implies that the monster is a disguise, one cannot tell someone s true motives from their appearances. The second media is a comic called The Salem Terror, produced by Maurice Del Bourgo, portrays the evidence behind the negative motives of the accusers.in this case, the monster in disguise want to look like they are doing the world a favor by condemning women who have different apperance as them. The comic illustrated the suspected witch, Sarah Osborn as being old, wrinkly, tall woman with a pointed nose and fingers. Whereas, the accuser is illustrated with more vivid, bright colored clothing, pointing her finger at the witches (Pappy, 2). This identified that monster are easily to be in disguise because they share similar appearances as

20 regular people so spotting out a real monster can be detrimental to most. However, Bourgo help to give a clearer visualization of the monster being the accuser through the more vivid and iconic description compared to the dull images of the accused witches. In addition, the accuser s fingers are illuminated behind the background which represent an icon of a monster. Scott McCloud claims that the iconic image can become an identity captured through the realism of image (McCloud). Therefore, the shadow fingers portray the unnamable monsters within the culture and represents a sense of absence and negativity. The third media identifies a Simpson s parody of the Salem witch trial. In the short parody, it highlights that it is not the accused witches who are causing such insanity within the town but rather that the people are overtaken by the negative motives of the monsters in disguise. For an example, during the firing of the witches who are being accused, there is no mourning but rather spreading the joy and happiness as the neighbors watch their loved ones being burned to death ( History Classroom Video). This indicates that everyone is a monster because they rejoice in the suffering of another person. In addition, Kittredge wrote an article called, A Case of Witchcraft, which states, witch hunting never flourishes unless the common people are eager for it (Kittredge, 1).This statement suggests that common people are the monster because due to their sinful desires and fantasy to destroy the other person, they allowed the demon to overtake them and making them into a monster. In relation to The Crucible, Arthur Miller states, long held hatred of neighbors could now be openly expressed and vengeance taken, despite the bible s charitable injection (Miller, ) Therefore, this determines that the witch trials become apart of the culture because everyone is inherently evil and sinful. The three media were able to help identify the concept that everyone is a monster. In particular, with the Salem Witch Trial, the accusers are the monsters in disguise due to their fear

21 and negative motives of accusing suspected witches of doing witchcraft. In addition, this determines that the true monsters in The Crucible play were Abigail and her friends as they make false witnesses of witchcraft toward innocent woman for their own benefit. The Salem Terror comic helps to evaluate the evidence behind the negative motives of the witchcraft accusation by the shadow portrayal of the finger. Also, The Simpson parody helps to identify the absurdity of the town s people as they are overtaken by the mind of the devil. Therefore, this shows that everyone has a monster inside of them because everyone is inherently sinful. Comment [44]: Okay,%content%is%good.%Lots%of%solid% evidence.%connections%between%evidence%and%thesis% are%choppy%however.%also%consider%how%you%spent%2/3% of%the%paper%talking%about%the%crucible.%then%throw%in%a% paragraph%about%the%second%media%and%another% paragraph%about%the%third%and%then%a%conclusion% paragraph.%this%paper%is%focused%on%three%media% pieces%and%comparing%the%identities%of%how%the%witches% are%portrayed%in%each%media%representations%of%the% Salem%Witch%trials.%You%are%on%the%right%track%there%are% just%some%holes%in%the%arguments%that%could%be%easily% fixed%with%more%revision.%i%would%suggest%cut%back%on% the%evidence%from%the%crucible.%it%makes%the%entire% paper%uneven.%good%topic%though.%the%identity%of% female%witches%during%that%times%is%a%very%interesting% topic

22 Reference: Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. Monster Culture (Seven theses). Monsters. Eds. Brandy Ball Blake and L. Andrew Cooper. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead Press, Print. History Classroom Videos. Witch Trials Simpson. Online Video Clip. Youtube. Youtube, 24 Apr Web 2 Mar Kittredge, G.L. A Case of Witchcraft. The American Historical Review 23.1 (1917): 1-2 JSTOR. Web. 7 Mar, McCloud Scott. Understanding the Comic: The Invisible Art. Kitchen Sink Press: A Division of Harper Collins Publishers, Pappy, Witches of Salem. 28 Mar Mar Tunc, Tanfer Emin. The Healer and the Witch:Sexuality and Power in Arthur Miller s The Crucible. Explicator 71.4 (2013): Academic Search Complete. Web 2 Mar Comment [45]: 5%scholarly%sources%are%needed%You% aren't%meeting%the%secondary%source%requirement.

23 Holly Ta Amber Strother ENGL 101 4/18/16 3 Media Final While witches are often portrayed as monsters in the society, the following text challenges those cultural assumptions. In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, portrays Abigail as the monster in disguise as she becomes the antagonist, who had an affair with John Proctor, and selfishly accuses many other innocent women of witchcraft. The Salem Terror comic helps to give a clearer visualization of the monster being the accuser through the more vivid and iconic description compared to the dull images of the accused witches. The Simpsons TV show, which includes a parody of the witch trial, identifies the corruption of society as a form of monstrosity consumed the mind and action of the community people. These three medias critique the portrayal of witches and demonstrates how true monsters can reside within everyday citizens, it is important to observe that monsters are hidden in society because everyone is capable of being a monster. In The Crucible, the monster manifest in the character of Abigail. Arthur Miller addresses that when people who do not belong in the society would commit actions that are unacceptable for the society. For an example, when Abigail and her friends dance naked in the forest with a witch cauldron, Tituba the reverend s slave is in the scene chanting a charm over a cauldron with the girls drinking the chicken blood as part of a charm to kill the most religious woman, named Elizabeth Proctor (Miller 171). When the reverend catches them, Abigail blames Tituba and accuses her of a witch. (Miller 176). In this scene, Tituba is a foreigner whose sense of ritual is

24 seen as the outside and she is identifying as a monster toward the society. In relation, Tanfer Tunc wrote an article called The Healer and the Witch: Sexuality and Power in which he states, it was a common belief that women who were trained in the art of midwifery possessed knowledge beyond the boundaries circumscribed by society because of their familiarity with herbs, portion, rituals, and the mysteries of life (Tunc, 267). This statement demonstrates how monsters are evidently portrays when people feel threatened by people, who they view as outsiders. At the same time, the monster Abigail goes unseen. The society is so overtaken by the monster in disguise that when the monster gets so much power in his hand, he destroys the most righteous of them all. For an example, in Act Two of the Crucible, Abigail and her friends have so much authority that they are able to accuse any woman of doing witchcraft by fake falling and acting like that woman s spirit is attacking them (Miller 215). This example is the reason why monsters are frightening, because of their ability to harm people and their power to manipulate the minds of others surrounding them. They were inciting fears from the villagers, making the villagers fearful of the horrible destruction these women can inflict. In comparison, to Jeffrey Cohen s argument about monstrosity in which he asserts, by revealing the difference in arbitrary and potentially free-floating mutable rather than essential, the monster threatens to destroy not just individual members of a society, but the very cultural apparatus through which individuality is constituted and allowed (Cohen, 20). This statement proves that not only the innocent individual who were accused of witchcraft are affected, but this process disrupts both the culture and society the monster dwells in. The Crucible also presents the idea that monsters always escape according to Cohen s thesis number 2(Cohen, 13). In the end of The Crucible, Abigail leaves the town in wreckage as she steals all of the Reverend s money and runs away with it (Miller 240). This scene connects to

25 Cohen s thesis number 2 as he argues, we see the damage that the monster wrecks, the material remains but the monster itself turns immaterial and vanishes (Cohen 13). This argument indicates that Abigail was the true monster as she was the antagonist of The Crucible by having an affair with John Proctor, randomly accusing innocent women of doing witchcraft for her own sake and practicing the devil work of witchcraft (Miller 169). This argument also implies that the monster is a disguise, one cannot tell someone s true motives from their appearances. It can be damaging and hurt people like all of the woman who are victims of the witch trial. The second media text is a comic called The Salem Terror, which was produced by Maurice Del Bourgo. In this comic, Tituba is portrayed as a Native American who got accused as a witch for her poor status and outside appearances. In this case, the monster in disguise wants to look like they are doing the world a favor by condemning women who have a different appearance as them. The comic illustrated the suspected witch, Sarah Osborn, as being an old, wrinkly, tall woman with a pointed nose and finger. The accuser is illustrated with more vivid, bright colored clothing, pointing her finger at the witch (Pappy, 2). This description identified that monsters can be easily disguised because they share similar appearances as regular people so spotting out a real monster can be detrimental to most. However, Bourgo helps to give a clearer sense of the monster being the accuser through the more vivid and iconic visuals compared to the dull images of the accused witches. In addition, the accuser s fingers are illuminated behind the background which represents an icon of a monster. Scott McCloud claims that the iconic image can become an identity captured through the realism of image (McCloud). Therefore, the shadow fingers portray the unnamable monsters within the culture and represents a sense of absence and negativity. Overall, monsters are within everyone.

26 The third media text is The Simpson s parody of the Salem witch trial. In the short parody, it highlights that it is not the accused witches who are causing such insanity within the town, but rather that the people are overtaken by their own internal monsters. For example, during the burning of the witches who are being accused, there is no mourning but rather spreading the joy and happiness as the neighbors watch their loved ones being burned to death (History Classroom Video). This scene indicates that everyone is a monster because they rejoice in the suffering of another person. In addition, Kittredge wrote an article called, A Case of Witchcraft, which states, witch hunting never flourishes unless the common people are eager for it (Kittredge, 1). This statement suggests that common people are the monster because due to their sinful desires and fantasy to destroy the other person, they allowed the demon to overtake them and making them into a monster. In relation to The Crucible, Arthur Miller states, long held hatred of neighbors could now be openly expressed and vengeance taken, despite the bible s charitable injection (Miller) Therefore, this statement determines that the witch trials become apart of the culture because everyone is inherently evil. Even so, the most dangerous enemy is the one lurking within the town, they are the ones who are plotting plans to transform their town into a complete destruction. This is indicated in The Simpson when Flanders states, That s seventy-five witches who we have process, that shall show God whose side we re on, Ay pastor? Then the pastor responded, yes, Ned, but we have many more to incinerate (History Classroom Video). This scene represented that the townspeople are so caught up trying to accuse all of the witches, even the pastor is overtaken by Satan and does not even know he has become evil himself. Likewise, if the pastor becomes unaware of his surrounding the townspeople are in a bigger spell by the devil. The Simpsons indicates, let us throw open the floor to a wild accusation (History classroom video). They