Disaster Monitoring with Remote Sensing at CRISP, NUS

Transcription

1 Disaster Monitoring with Remote Sensing at CRISP, NUS KWOH, Leong Keong Director, CRISP The 3rd Sentinel Asia Joint Project Team Meeting (JPTM) Le Meridien Hotel, Singapore March 2007

2 6 metre Antenna 13 metre Antenna 1.5 metre Antenna

3 Data Processing Facilities

4 CRISP Ground Station Coverage

5 CRISP Ground Station Satellite Data CRISP received since 1995: 1. SPOT 1,2,4 (France, Sep 1995) 1,110,000 scenes 2. ERS 1,2 (Europe, Mar 1996) 26,500 scenes 3. RADARSAT 1 (Canada, Apr 1997 till 1999) 12,000 scenes 4. SeaWiFS (USA, Sep 1999) 5. TERRA MODIS (USA, March 2001) 6. IKONOS (USA, August 2001) 7. EROS (Israel, October 2001) suspended due to ground equipment failure 8. AQUA MODIS (USA, July 2002) 9. SPOT 5 (October 2002) 360,000 scenes

6 Forest Fire Monitoring

7 Regional fire monitoring operation SPOT data reception Planning SPOT passes aided by MODIS or AVHRR hot spot maps Detection of fire and smoke plumes Annoted fire image and fire report

8 Planning of SPOT Pass

9 MODIS Hotspot SPOT 2 Image

10 Fires in 2006 The yearly vegetation fires in Sumatra and Kalimantan were made worse in 2006 by the onset of a mild El-Nino event. This brought drier weather at the tail end of the fire season (September and October) to South Sumatra and Kalimantan. The fires in South Sumatra and Kalimantan in this period were the most severe in recent years. The PSI in Singapore (on Oct 7) also hit the highest level since 1997.

11 High resolution satellite imagery: South Sumatra

12 SPOT4 Image, Sep 28, 2006

13 Red regions recent burning activities (ground still very hot)

14 IKONOS Image, September 29, 2006

15 Systems of Canals, indicating intention of converting to plantations

16 Some Observations of the spatial and temporal patterns of fires detected by high resolution SPOT images

17 Comparison of hotspots in September Hotspots, 2nd half of September 2005 Hotspots, 2nd half of September 2006

18 Comparison of hotspots in October Hotspots, 1st half of October 2005 Hotspots, 1st half of October 2006

19 Monthly Fire Count &. Monthly Rainfall (Sumatra) Average Monthly Fire Count (Sumatra, ) Climatological Mean Monthly Rainfall (Pekan Baru) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0

20 Monthly Fire Count (Sumatra) 2006 vs mean 140 Monthly Fire Count (Sumatra) Mean 2006 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

21 Validation of MODIS Hotspots Using High Resolution SPOT Images SC Liew et al (2003), Proc. 24th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing & 2003 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol. I, pp

22 Validation of MODIS Hotspots Use high resolution SPOT multispectral images as the reference data The reference SPOT data are acquired almost simultaneously as the MODIS data Detection of fires in SPOT images» Use visible smoke plumes to locate fires» The locations of the active fires are determined from the points of origin of the individual smoke plumes.» Intense fires with efficient combustion may not produce sufficient smoke plumes and would not be detected. Such fires are not very common in the humid tropics, due to the high humidity. Detection of MODIS hotspots» Use standard NASA v4 algorithm

23 An example: 19 Aug 2002 Central Kalimantan SPOT acquisition: 02:58 UTC MODIS acquisition 03:15 UTC Yellow dots are locations of fires detected in SPOT Green dots are locations of MODIS hotspots

24 Results MODIS Hotspots Validated by SPOT SPOT Fires 180 Detected by MODIS 181 False Alarms 66 Not Detected 94 Total 246 Total 275 Commission Error Rate 26.8% Omission Error Rate 34.2%

25 Comparison with a study conducted in Southern Africa MODIS Hotspots ASTER fires Validated by ASTER 33 Detected by MODIS False alarms 3 Undetected fires Total 36 Total 131 Commission Error Rate 0.8% Omission Error Rate 74.8% Source: C. O. Justice, L. Giglio, S. Korontzi, J. Owens, J. T. Morisette, D. Roy, J. Descloitres, S. Alleaume, F. Petitcolin, and Y. Kaufman, The MODIS fire products. Remote Sensing of Environment, 83:

26 South Asia Tsunami

27 26 December 2004, 00:58 am (UTC), 07:58 am (local time) Subduction of India plate under Sunda plate

28 Banda Aceh 10 Jan Dec km x 22 km

29 Banda Aceh

30 Banda Aceh

31 Lhoknga

32 Lhoknga

33 Java Mudflow (August 2006)

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39 Other Natural Disasters

40 09 May May 2006

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42 before Tsunami after Tsunami

43 Village of Guinsaugon on 2 Sept 2004

44 Village of Guinsaugon on 1 Mar 2006

45 IKONOS Image of PADANG (8 Mar 07)

46 IKONOS Image of SOLOK (8 Mar 07)

47 IKONOS Image of Bukit Tinggi (16 May 02)

48 IKONOS Image of Bukit Tinggi (08 Mar 07) (Showing Landslides possibly results of Earthquake)

49 Sentinel Asia (Fire Hotspots)

50 Implementation Progress CRISP Hotspot server to host our hotspots is ready; updated after every MODIS pass. CRISP server implemented with opensource Mapserver software originally developed by the University of Minnosota in 1994 ( URL to access CRISP Webgis:

51 TERRA MODIS 12 Jan 07

52 TERRA MODIS 12 Jan 07

53 AQUA MODIS 12 Jan 07

54 AQUA MODIS 12 Jan 07

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