This is a repository copy of Extent of stacking disorder in diamond.
|
|
- Bertram Hart
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Tis is a repository opy of Extent of staking disorder in diamond. Wite Rose Resear Online URL for tis paper: ttp://eprints.witerose.a.uk/93345/ Version: Aepted Version Artile: Salzmann, CG, Murray, BJ and Separd, JJ (2015) Extent of staking disorder in diamond. Diamond and Related Materials, 59. pp ISSN ttps://doi.org/ /j.diamond , Elsevier. Liensed under te Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommerial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International ttp://reativeommons.org/lienses/by-n-nd/4.0/ Reuse Unless indiated oterwise, fulltext items are proteted by opyrigt wit all rigts reserved. Te opyrigt exeption in setion 29 of te Copyrigt, Designs and Patents At 1988 allows te making of a single opy solely for te purpose of non-ommerial resear or private study witin te limits of fair dealing. Te publiser or oter rigts-older may allow furter reprodution and re-use of tis version - refer to te Wite Rose Resear Online reord for tis item. Were reords identify te publiser as te opyrigt older, users an verify any speifi terms of use on te publiser s website. Takedown If you onsider ontent in Wite Rose Resear Online to be in brea of UK law, please notify us by ing eprints@witerose.a.uk inluding te URL of te reord and te reason for te witdrawal request. eprints@witerose.a.uk ttps://eprints.witerose.a.uk/
2 Extent of staking disorder in diamond Cristop G. Salzmann, a, * Benjamin J. Murray, b Jaob J. Separd a a Department of Cemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom b Institute for Climate and Atmosperi Siene, Sool of Eart and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom * Corresponding autor. .salzmann@ul.a.uk (Cristop G. Salzmann) Abstrat Hexagonal diamond as been predited omputationally to display extraordinary pysial properties inluding a ardness tat exeeds ubi diamond. However, a reent eletron mirosopy study as sown tat so-alled exagonal diamond samples are in fat not disrete materials but faulted and twinned ubi diamond. We now provide a quantitative analysis of ubi and exagonal staking in diamond samples by analysing X-ray diffration data wit te DIFFaX software pakage. Te igest frations of exagonal staking in materials previously referred to as exagonal diamond are below 60%. Te remainder of te staking sequenes are ubi. We sow tat te ubi and exagonal sequenes are interlaed in a omplex way and tat naturally ourring Lonsdaleite is not a simple pysial mixture of ubi and exagonal diamond. Instead, it is struturally best desribed as staking disordered diamond. Te future experimental allenge will be to prepare diamond samples beyond 60% exagonality and towards te so far elusive perfet exagonal diamond. Keywords: diamond; Lonsdaleite; diffration; staking disorder; memory effets 1
3 1. Introdution Te ommon form of diamond is ubi. Yet, a metastable exagonal polymorp as been identified in fragments of te Canyon Diablo meteorite from te nortern Arizona desert and oter impatites.[1, 2] To onour te aievements of te rystallograper Katleen Lonsdale exagonal diamond as been named Lonsdaleite.[1] Syntetially, exagonal diamond an be prepared, for example, by eating grapite in te GPa range.[3-8] Tere is onsiderable urrent interest in te targeted preparation and pysial properties of exagonal diamond as it as been predited to display superior meanial properties, su as ardness and ompressive strengt, ompared to its ubi ounterpart.[9, 10] Furtermore, ubi and exagonal diamonds are expeted to ave different band gaps and dieletri properties.[11] Cubi and exagonal diamond bot onsist of sp 3 ybridized and terefore tetraedrallybonded arbon atoms. Bot allotropes ontain pukered layers of arbon atoms wit sixmembered rings in te armair onfiguration. Te differene between ubi and exagonal diamond lies in ow tese layers are staked on top of ea oter to build up te treedimensional rystal struture (f. Fig. 1). In ubi diamond, idential layers are staked on top of ea oter wit a sift alf way aross te diagonal of a six-membered ring. In exagonal diamond on te oter and ea layer is te mirror image of te previous layer.[12] Te strutural onsequene of tese different staking reipes is tat te six-membered rings linking te various layers are in te armair onformation in ubi diamond but boat-type in exagonal diamond. Consequently, ubi diamond onsists of only armair rings wereas exagonal diamond is a 50:50 mixture of rings in te armair and boat onformations, respetively. 2
4 (a) (b) ubi diamond exagonal diamond () staking disordered diamond Figure 1. Crystal struture projetions along te exagonal a axis for (a) ubi diamond, (b) exagonal diamond and () staking disordered diamond. Te diamond strutures are isostrutural wit ie if only te oxygen atoms in ie are onsidered. For ie, te exagonal polymorp (ie I) is te most stable at ambient pressure and a metastable ubi form (ie I) as been tougt to exist.[13] Te field as progressed in reent years and it as been sown tat wat was previously onsidered to be ubi ie is in fat staking disordered ie (ie Isd) ontaining variable frations of bot exagonal as well as ubi staking.[14-18] Te perfet ubi ie, ontaining only ubi staking, as so far not been identified. As predited for diamond, te differenes in staking ave pronouned effets on te pysial properties of ie inluding te vapour pressure,[19] rystal sapes,[20] spetrosopi properties[21] and potentially surfae emistry.[22] Originally, it was assumed tat exagonal and ubi diamonds often oexist wi elped understanding te observed X-ray diffration data.[1, 2] Yet, very reently it as been sown 3
5 by using ig-resolution eletron mirosopy tat wat as been originally lassified as exagonal diamond is in fat not a disrete material but faulted and twinned ubi diamond.[8] Following our reent work on ie we sow ere ow staking disorder an be araterised quantitatively in diamond samples on te basis of X-ray diffration data using te DIFFaX software pakage.[23] We tereby take so-alled memory effets, were te staking depends on te previous staking istory, into aount. Te aim is to fully desribe te staking disorder in te various samples of exagonal diamond tat ave been made so far and to sow wi experimental reipes lead to te most exagonal staking in diamond. 2. Metodology Diffration patterns of a ubi diamond sample in a 0.6 mm glass apillary were olleted on a Stoe Stadi-P diffratometer (Cu K, = Å) wit a Myten area detetor. Additional diffration data was taken from refs [6-8]. All diffration patterns were bakground-orreted using sifted Cebysev polynomials. For te alulation of diffration patterns of staking disordered diamond struture we used te DIFFaX software pakage[23] as previously employed for ie samples.[16, 18] To refine te a and lattie onstants, staking probabilities, profile parameters (u, v, w and GL ratio) and zero-sift we used our own MCDIFFaX programme wi embeds DIFFaX in a least-squares environment. 1 A typial refinements started wit te optimisation of te lattie onstants and te peak profile parameters. Tis was followed by refining te various staking probabilities. Typially, several tens of tousands of individual DIFFaX alls were needed before te refinements onverged. To prevent false minima, MCDIFFaX uses a Monte-Carlo-type parameter tat allows a defined fration of unfavourable moves to take plae. 1 Salzmann CG, 4
6 3. Results and Disussion Te arateristis of staking disorder in diamond are onveniently summarised wit a soalled stakogram as sown in Figure 2(a). In su a diagram, 1 st order memory effets are taken into aount; tese are desribed wit two independent staking probabilities. Te probability of ubi staking following a ubi event is given by wereas desribes te probability of a ubi event after exagonal staking. Sine te staking an only be eiter ubi or exagonal it follows tat = 1 and = 1. Te stakogram is a plot of against and te orresponding dependent probabilities, and, ave also been inluded. Te four orners of tis diagram define te end-member states. If and are bot zero te probability for ubi staking is zero and onsequently tis orner represents exagonal diamond. In turn, ubi diamond is defined by and bot equal to one. A pysial mixture of ubi and exagonal diamond implies = 1 and = 0 (i.e. = 1) wereas te stritly alternating ()x polytype is defined by = 0 (i.e. = 1) and = 1. Te latter two ases are extremes of 1 st order memory effets. Eiter one in a ertain staking sequene it as to ontinue indefinitely or it must be stritly alternating. Depending on te exat loation on te stakogram te 1 st order memory effets will be more or less pronouned. In fat, along te diagonal onneting te exagonal diamond orner wit ubi diamond and are equal wi means no memory effets. Te staking is purely random and independent of te previous staking istory. 5
7 (a) pysial mixture 0.1 ubi diamond = random staking = exagonal diamond () x polytype (b) () Figure 2. (a) Stakogram used for te strutural desription of staking disorder in diamond inluding 1 st order memory effets. Te blak solid line indiates strutures wit random staking wereas te dased lines desribe strutures wit a onstant exagonality. (b,) 6
8 Calulated powder diffration patterns (Cu K ) along te random staking as well as te 0.5 exagonality line. A quantity of primary interest to desribe a given staking disordered material is te fration of ubi staking wi is also alled te ubiity.[17] Tis parameter,, an be alulated from te 1 st order staking probabilities aording to. [1] For diamond in partiular, te interest lies more in te fration of exagonal staking and it is terefore sensible to define te exagonality of a sample,, wi is 1. Te stakogram in Figure 2(a) sows lines of onstant exagonality wi originate from te orner desribing te pysial mixture of polymorps. Stritly speaking, te exagonality is not defined in tis orner sine no switing between te two kinds of staking is allowed. In fat, division by zero would take plae in equation 1. Figure 2(b) sows alulated X-ray diffration patterns using DIFFaX along te randomstaking line ( = ) from exagonal to ubi diamond. Hexagonal diamond displays te arateristi trident between 40 and 50 degrees also observed for ie I in a different angle range. Te entral (002) peak persists as te fration of ubi staking inreases. Yet, broad and asymmetri diffration features develop on bot te ig as well as low angle side wi are te allmarks of staking disorder. Moving away from defined spots in reiproal spae for perfetly rystalline materials te staking disorder leads to streaking. Te rystallograpi rule is tat only Bragg peaks (kl) were ( k)/3 is not an integer number are affeted by staking disorder.[24] Generally, Bragg peaks wit greater values of l are more affeted by staking disorder.[25] For te ubi end member, one peak remains in te degrees angle range wi is te (111) refletion of te ubi system. Te effets of 1 st order memory effets are sown in Figure 2() were alulated diffration patterns along te 7
9 0.5 exagonality line are sown. Again, diffuse sattering is only observed for te staking disordered states, i.e. neiter for te pysial mixture nor te stritly alternating ()x polytype. We next analyse various experimental diamond diffration patterns wit MCDIFFaX wit te aim to pinpoint teir respetive positions in te stakogram. For tis, we additionally inlude 2 nd order memory effets wi are desribed by four independent staking probabilities,, and. Te orresponding 1 st order probabilities and onsequently te orresponding exagonality are alulated aording to 1 and [2]. [3] Figure 3(a) sows a diffration pattern of a natural diamond sample wit ~1 µm sized rystallites. Te diffration pattern is fitted very well wit = 1 and no signs of staking disorder ave been deteted. As previously for ie, we suggest tat a diamond sample is onsidered to be staking disordered if it ontains more tan one perent of te minor staking omponent.[16, 18] Below tis limit it is probably more appropriate to speak of staking faults, altoug tis boundary is arbitrary. 8
10 normalised intensity (a) Cu K (1) natural diamond (2) grapite, 1300 C, 15 GPa (ref. 7) (3) grapite, 1200 C, 20 GPa (ref. 6) grapite / degrees (b) Mo K (1) grapite, 2200 C, 19 GPa (ref. 8) normalised intensity (2) grapite, 1800 C, 20 GPa (ref. 6) (3) grapite, 800 C, 20 GPa (ref. 6) (4) Lonsdaleite Canyon Diablo Meteorite (ref. 8) / degrees Figure 3. Experimental powder diffration data of various diamond samples (dased blak lines) fitted wit MCDIFFaX (tik grey lines) and differene urves (tin grey lines). Te X- ray soures are Cu K ( = Å) for (a) and Mo K ( = Å) for (b). Several powder diffration patterns of staking disordered diamond from te literature were analysed next.[6-8] For tis kind of analysis it is essential to ave as mu diffration data above te trident angle range as possible and literature patterns were only tis range was sown were not analysed. Te staking disordered diamond samples were obtained by eating grapite to te pressures and temperatures indiated in Fig. 3.[6-8] Te issue of preferred orientation was addressed in ref. [6] and we were able to fit all teir diffration data. Te data from Fig. 3 in ref. [7] on te oter and was more problemati in tis respet and we ave only been able to fit one of teir diffration patterns. Comparing te diffration data 9
11 from ref. [7] wit te alulated patterns in Fig. 2 learly sows tat preferred orientation effets must ave ad an effet on some of te peak intensities. Tis is in fat not surprising onsidering tat igly-oriented pyrolyti grapite was used as te starting material in ref. [7] wereas in ref. [6], for omparison, fine grapite powders were used. Pattern (4) in Fig. 3(b) is tat of a Lonsdaleite sample reovered from te Canyon Diablo meteorite after dissolving te iron parts in dilute ydrolori aid.[8] Te diffration features of te Lonsdaleite sample are te broadest of all diffration patterns sown in Fig. 3 wi points towards smaller domain sizes. Te 1 st order staking probabilities obtained from fitting te diffration data of te various diamond samples are sown in Fig pys. mixture C 1800 C 2200 C 800 C 1300 C ubi diamond = exagonal diamond () x polytype GPa (ref. 8) GPa (ref. 6) GPa (ref. 7) Lonsdaleite CD meteorite (ref. 8) Figure 4. Stakogram wit te 1 st order memory staking probabilities obtained from MCDIFFaX fits of te diffration data sown in Figure Conlusions Several important points an now be made: (1) No sample displays a exagonality greater tan 0.6. Tis quantitative statement supports te onlusion from ref. [8] tat pure exagonal 10
12 diamond as so far not been prepared. (2) All analysed diamond samples lie above te random staking line in te stakogram. As disussed earlier, tis indiates a propensity in diamond to stay in a given staking sequene rater tan to alternate between exagonal and ubi staking. In tis respet, te situation is similar as previously observed for ie I.[16, 18] (3) All samples are quite far away from te pysial mixture orner wit te natural Lonsdaleite sample being te losest. Tis underpins te fat tat Lonsdaleite sould not be regarded as a mixture of ubi and exagonal diamonds but staking disordered diamond instead. (4) In ref. [8] it was stated tat Lonsdaleite is faulted and twinned ubi diamond. However, as it an be seen in Fig. 4, te Lonsdaleite sample is lose to te 0.5 exagonality line and terefore quite far away from te ubi diamond orner. Tis means tat Lonsdaleite is in our opinion best desribed as staking disordered diamond. (5) It is inaurate to desribe Lonsdaleite as exagonal diamond. In summary, we ave sown tat quantitative information about te staking disorder in diamond samples an be obtained from X-ray diffration patterns. It is interesting to note in tis ontext tat te igest exagonality was obtained for a sample wi was pressureannealed at 1200 C, a temperature between two oter experiments were more ubi samples were obtained.[6] Tis seems to igligt te very omplex kinetis of te formation of diamond from grapite. Te experimental allenge is now to prepare diamond samples well beyond te 0.6 exagonality line and towards te perfet exagonal diamond wi as been predited omputationally to be a igly extraordinary material.[9-11, 26] Aknowledgments We tank te Royal Soiety (CGS, UF100144) te Leverulme Trust (RPG ) and te European Resear Counil (FP7, ICE) for finanial support. Referenes 11
13 [1] Frondel C, Marvin UB. Lonsdaleite, a exagonal polymorp of diamond. Nature. 1967;217: [2] Hanneman RE, Strong HM, Bundy FP. Hexagonal diamonds in meteorites: Impliations. Siene. 1967;155: [3] Bundy FP, Kasper JS. Hexagonal Diamond - A New Form of Carbon. J Cem Pys. 1967;46: [4] Erskine DJ, Nellis WJ. Sok-indued martensiti pase transformation of oriented grapite to diamond. Nature. 1991;349: [5] Bundy FP, Bassett WA, Weaters MS, Hemley RJ, Mao HK, Gonarov AF. Te pressure-temperature pase and transformation diagram for arbon; updated troug Carbon. 1996;34: [6] Yosiasa A, Murai Y, Otaka O, Katsura T. Detailed Strutures of Hexagonal Diamond (Lonsdaleite) and Wurtzite-type BN. Jpn J Appl Pys. 2003;42: [7] Isobe F, Ofuji H, Sumiya H, Irifune T. Nanolayered diamond sintered ompat obtained by diret onversion from igly oriented grapite under ig pressure and ig temperature. J Nanomater. 2013;380136:1-6. [8] Német P, Garvie LAJ, Aoki T, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Busek PR. Lonsdaleite is faulted and twinned ubi diamond and does not exist as a disrete material. Nat Comm. 2014;5:5447:doi: /nomms644. [9] Pan Z, Sun H, Zang Y, Cen C. Harder tan diamond: superior indentation strengt of wurtzite BN and lonsdaleite. Pys Rev Lett. 2009;102: [10] Quingkun L, Yi S, Ziyuan L, Yu Z. Lonsdaleite - a material stronger and stiffer tan diamond. Sripta Mater. 2011;65: [11] Gao S-P. Band gaps and dieletri funtions of ubi and exagonal diamond polytypes alulated by many-body perturbation teory. Pys Status Solidi B. 2014;252:
14 [12] Nakamuta Y, To S. Transformation of grapite to lonsdaleite and diamond in te Goalpara ureilite diretly observed by TEM. Amerian Mineralogist. 2013;98: [13] König H. Eine kubise Eismodifikation. Z Kristallogr. 1943;105: [14] Kus WF, Bliss DV, Finney JL. Hig-Resolution Neutron Powder Diffration Study of Ie I. J Pys Colloq, C ;48: [15] Hansen TC, Koza MM, Kus WF. Formation and Annealing of Cubi Ie: I. Modelling of Staking Faults. J Pys: Condens Matter. 2008;20: [16] Malkin TL, Murray BJ, Brukno AV, J. A, Salzmann CG. Struture of Ie Crystallized from Superooled Water. Pro Natl Aad Si USA. 2012;109: [17] Kus WF, Sippel C, Falentya A, Hansen TC. Extent and Relevane of Staking Disorder in "Ie I". Pro Natl Aad Si USA. 2012;109: [18] Malkin TL, Murray BJ, Salzmann CG, Molinero V, Pikering SJ, Wale TF. Staking Disorder in Ie I. Pys Cem Cem Pys. 2015;17: [19] Silling JE, Tolbert MA, Toon OB, Jensen EJ, Murray BJ. Measurements of te Vapor Pressure of Cubi Ie and Teir Impliations for Atmosperi Ie Clouds. Geopys Res Lett. 2006;33:L [20] Murray BJ, Salzmann CG, Heymsfield AJ, Dobbie S, Neely RR, Cox CJ. Trigonal ie rystals in Eart's atmospere. Bull Amer Meteor So. 2015: /BAMS-D [21] Carr THG, Separd JJ, Salzmann CG. Spetrosopi Signature of Staking Disorder in Ie I. J Pys Cem Lett. 2014;5: [22] Ber P, Terziyski A, Zellner R. Aetone Adsorption on Ie Surfaes in te Temperature Range T = K: Evidene for Aging Effets Due to Crystallograpi Canges of te Adsorption Sites. J Pys Cem A. 2006;110:
15 [23] Treay MMJ, Newsam JM, Deem MW. A General Reursion Metod for Calulating Diffrated Intensities From Crystals Containing Planar Faults. Pro Roy So Lond. 1991;A433: [24] Pusey PN, van Megen W, Bartlett P, Akerson BJ, Rarity JG, Underwood SM. Struture of rystals of ard olloidal speres. Pys Rev Lett. 1989;63: [25] Weiss Z, Capkova P. Effet of staking disorder on te profile of te powder diffration line. In: Snyder R, Fiala J, Bunge HJ, eds. Defet and Mirostruture Analysis by Diffration. New York: Oxford University Press 1999, p [26] Kvasnin AG, Sorokin PB. Lonsdaleite Films wit Nanometer Tikness. J Pys Cem Lett. 2014;5:
Natural Convection Experiment Measurements from a Vertical Surface
OBJECTIVE Natural Convetion Experiment Measurements from a Vertial Surfae 1. To demonstrate te basi priniples of natural onvetion eat transfer inluding determination of te onvetive eat transfer oeffiient.
More information3B SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS
3B SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS Peltier Heat Pump 0076 Instrution manual 05/7 TL/JS Transport ase Semati view 3 Stirrer unit 4 Connetor for stirrer unit 5 Connetor for power supply 6 Stirring rod old side 7 Peltier
More informationThermal interaction between free convection and forced convection along a vertical conducting wall
Termal interation between free onvetion and fored onvetion along a vertial onduting wall J.-J. Su, I. Pop Heat and Mass Transfer 35 (1999) 33±38 Ó Springer-Verlag 1999 Abstrat A teoretial study is presented
More informationMain Menu. SEG Houston 2009 International Exposition and Annual Meeting
Are penny-saped raks a good model for ompliant porosity? oris Gurevi Curtin Univ. and CSIRO Petroleum Dina Makarynska Curtin Univ. and Marina Pervukina CSIRO Petroleum Pert Australia Summary Variation
More informationMaximum work for Carnot-like heat engines with infinite heat source
Maximum work for arnot-like eat engines wit infinite eat soure Rui Long and Wei Liu* Sool of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazong University of Siene and enology, Wuan 4374, ina orresponding autor: Wei
More informationSupporting information
Eletroni Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Cemistry A. Tis journal is Te Royal Soiety of Cemistry 017 Supporting information Simultaneous improvement of power fator and termal ondutivity
More informationESCI 341 Atmospheric Thermodynamics Lesson 11 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
ESCI 341 Atmosperi ermodynamis Lesson 11 e Seond Law of ermodynamis Referenes: Pysial Cemistry (4 t edition), Levine ermodynamis and an Introdution to ermostatistis, Callen HE SECOND LAW OF HERMODYNAMICS
More informationThe Compton effect according to Schrödinger s theory
Der Comptoneffet na der Srödingersen Teorie, Zeit. f. Pys. 40 (196), 117-133. Te Compton effet aording to Srödinger s teory By W. GORDON in Berlin (Reeived on 9 September 196) Translated by D. H. Delpeni
More informationMaximizing Energy in Terahertz Pulse Radiation from a Switched Oscillator
Sensor and Simulation Notes Note 554 July 1 Maximizing Energy in Teraertz Pulse Radiation from a Swited Osillator Carl E. Baum and Prasant Kumar University of New Mexio Department of Eletrial and Computer
More informationRole of Thermal Conductivity for Thermoelectrics with Finite Contacts
3 nd International Termal Condutivity Conferene 0 t International Termal Expansion Symposium April 7 May 1, 014 Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Role of Termal Condutivity for Termoeletris
More informationWave-Particle Duality: de Broglie Waves and Uncertainty
Gauge Institute Journal Vol. No 4, November 6 Wave-Partile Duality: de Broglie Waves and Unertainty vik@adn.om November 6 Abstrat In 195, de Broglie ypotesized tat any material partile as an assoiated
More informationSTRESS ANALYSIS OF RUBBER BLOCKS UNDER VERTICAL LOADING AND SHEAR LOADING. A Dissertation. Presented to
STRESS ANALYSIS OF RUBBER BLOCKS UNDER VERTICAL LOADING AND SHEAR LOADING A Dissertation Presented to Te Graduate Faulty of Te University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of te Requirement for te Degree
More informationLaboratory exercise No. 2 Basic material parameters of porous building materials
Laboratory exerise No. Basi material parameters of porous building materials Materials (building materials) an be lassified aording to the different riteria, e.g. based on their properties, funtion, hemial
More informationThe Second Law of Thermodynamics
Capter 6 Te Seond Law of Termodynamis In te last two apters of tis book we applied te first law of termodynamis to losed and open systems onsidering bot quasistati and non-quasi-stati proesses. A question
More informationModel Prediction of Heat Losses from Sirosmelt Pilot Plant
00 mm 855 mm 855 mm Model Predition of Heat Losses from Sirosmelt Pilot Plant Yuua Pan 1 and Miael A Somerville 1 1 CSIRO Mineral Resoures Flagsip, Private Bag 10, Clayton Sout, VIC 169, Australia Keywords:
More informationMillennium Relativity Acceleration Composition. The Relativistic Relationship between Acceleration and Uniform Motion
Millennium Relativity Aeleration Composition he Relativisti Relationship between Aeleration and niform Motion Copyright 003 Joseph A. Rybzyk Abstrat he relativisti priniples developed throughout the six
More informationObservations on harmonic Progressions *
Oservations on armoni Progressions * Leonard Euler Under te name of armoni progressions all series of frations are understood, wose numerators are equal to ea oter, ut wose denominators on te oter onstitute
More informationEinstein s Three Mistakes in Special Relativity Revealed. Copyright Joseph A. Rybczyk
Einstein s Three Mistakes in Speial Relativity Revealed Copyright Joseph A. Rybzyk Abstrat When the evidene supported priniples of eletromagneti propagation are properly applied, the derived theory is
More informationCritical Reflections on the Hafele and Keating Experiment
Critial Refletions on the Hafele and Keating Experiment W.Nawrot In 1971 Hafele and Keating performed their famous experiment whih onfirmed the time dilation predited by SRT by use of marosopi loks. As
More informationFEM ANALYSES OF CUTTING OF ANISOTROPIC DENSELY COMPACTED AND SATURATED SAND
FEM ANALYSES OF CUTTING OF ANISOTROPIC DENSELY COMPACTED AND SATURATED SAND Jisong He 1, W.J. Vlasblom 2 and S. A. Miedema 3 ABSTRACT Te literature studies sow tat until now, te existing investigations
More informationResearch on Static Tension Ratio Characteristic of Double-Vessel Friction Hoist System Components
TELKOMIKA Indonesian Journal of Eletrial Engineering Vol., o., Otober 4, pp. 78 ~ 73 DOI:.59/telkomnika.vi8.564 78 Resear on Stati Tension Ratio Carateristi of Double-Vessel Frition oist System Components
More informationChapter 3. Problem Solutions
Capter. Proble Solutions. A poton and a partile ave te sae wavelengt. Can anyting be said about ow teir linear oenta opare? About ow te poton's energy opares wit te partile's total energy? About ow te
More informationHeat Exchanger s Shell and Tube Modeling for Intelligent Control Design
2011 International Conferene on Computer Communiation Devies (ICCCD 2011) Heat Exanger s Sell Tube Modeling for Intelligent Control Design Dirman Hanafi 1 Mod Nor Mod Tan 2 Abdulraman A.A. Ememed 3 Tatang
More informationThe gravitational phenomena without the curved spacetime
The gravitational phenomena without the urved spaetime Mirosław J. Kubiak Abstrat: In this paper was presented a desription of the gravitational phenomena in the new medium, different than the urved spaetime,
More informationarxiv:gr-qc/ v2 24 Jul 2002
Frequeny and Wavelengt of Ligt in Relativistially Rotating Frames Robert D. Klauber 11 University Manor Dr., 38B, Fairfield, IA 52556, USA email: rklauber@netsape.net July 23, 22 arxiv:gr-q/1836v2 24 Jul
More informationPhysics 231 Lecture 35
ysis 1 Leture 5 Main points of last leture: Heat engines and effiieny: eng e 1 Carnot yle and Carnot engine. eng e 1 is in Kelvin. Refrigerators CO eng Ideal refrigerator CO rev reversible Entropy ΔS Computation
More informationEarlier Lecture. This gas tube is called as Pulse Tube and this phenomenon is called as Pulse Tube action.
31 1 Earlier Leture In te earlier leture, we ave seen a Pulse Tube (PT) ryoooler in wi te meanial displaer is removed and an osillating gas flow in te tin walled tube produes ooling. Tis gas tube is alled
More informationDiscrete Bessel functions and partial difference equations
Disrete Bessel funtions and partial differene equations Antonín Slavík Charles University, Faulty of Mathematis and Physis, Sokolovská 83, 186 75 Praha 8, Czeh Republi E-mail: slavik@karlin.mff.uni.z Abstrat
More informationTHERMODYNAMICS Lecture 15: Heat exchangers
HERMODYNAMICS Leture 5: Heat exangers Pierwsza strona Introdution to Heat Exangers Wat Are Heat Exangers? Heat exangers are units designed to transfer eat from a ot flowing stream to a old flowing stream
More informationSimulation of hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermal Collector (PV-TC) Systems for domestic Heating and Cooling Case Study: Island of Rhodes
Simulation of ybrid Potovoltai-Termal olletor (PV-T) Systems for domesti Heating and ooling ase Study: Island of odes N. HISTANDONIS G.A VOKAS. SKITTIDES Department of Meanial Engineering - Management
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF COMPOUND MULTILAYER INSULATION (77K-300K)
Sientifi Journal of Impat Fator (SJIF): 5.71 International Journal of Advane Engineering and Resear Development Volume 5, Issue 0, February -018 e-issn (O): 348-4470 p-issn (P): 348-6406 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
More informationComplexity of Regularization RBF Networks
Complexity of Regularization RBF Networks Mark A Kon Department of Mathematis and Statistis Boston University Boston, MA 02215 mkon@buedu Leszek Plaskota Institute of Applied Mathematis University of Warsaw
More informationarxiv:cond-mat/ v1 [cond-mat.str-el] 3 Aug 2006
arxiv:ond-mat/0608083v1 [ond-mat.str-el] 3 Aug 006 Raman sattering for triangular latties spin- 1 Heisenberg antiferromagnets 1. Introdution F. Vernay 1,, T. P. Devereaux 1, and M. J. P. Gingras 1,3 1
More informationInvestigation of the de Broglie-Einstein velocity equation s. universality in the context of the Davisson-Germer experiment. Yusuf Z.
Investigation of the de Broglie-instein veloity equation s universality in the ontext of the Davisson-Germer experiment Yusuf Z. UMUL Canaya University, letroni and Communiation Dept., Öğretmenler Cad.,
More informationApplying CIECAM02 for Mobile Display Viewing Conditions
Applying CIECAM2 for Mobile Display Viewing Conditions YungKyung Park*, ChangJun Li*, M.. Luo*, Youngshin Kwak**, Du-Sik Park **, and Changyeong Kim**; * University of Leeds, Colour Imaging Lab, UK*, **
More informationAnalysis of discretization in the direct simulation Monte Carlo
PHYSICS OF FLUIDS VOLUME 1, UMBER 1 OCTOBER Analysis of disretization in the diret simulation Monte Carlo iolas G. Hadjionstantinou a) Department of Mehanial Engineering, Massahusetts Institute of Tehnology,
More informationLecture 27: Entropy and Information Prof. WAN, Xin
General Pysis I Leture 27: Entropy and Information Prof. WAN, Xin xinwan@zju.edu.n ttp://zimp.zju.edu.n/~xinwan/ Outline Introduing entropy e meaning of entropy Reversibility Disorder Information Seleted
More informationCentro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fsicas - CBPF. Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150. Dipartimento di Fisica Teorica Universita ditorino and
Quark fragmentation into vetor pseudosalar mesons at LE CBF-NF-057/97 by M. Anselmino, M. Bertini 2, C. Burgard 3, F. Caruso. Quintairos Centro Brasileiro de esuisas Fsias - CBF Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud,
More informationTHE ESSENCE OF QUANTUM MECHANICS
THE ESSENCE OF QUANTUM MECHANICS Capter belongs to te "Teory of Spae" written by Dariusz Stanisław Sobolewski. Http: www.tsengines.o ttp: www.teoryofspae.info E-ail: info@tsengines.o All rigts resered.
More informationLikelihood-confidence intervals for quantiles in Extreme Value Distributions
Likelihood-onfidene intervals for quantiles in Extreme Value Distributions A. Bolívar, E. Díaz-Franés, J. Ortega, and E. Vilhis. Centro de Investigaión en Matemátias; A.P. 42, Guanajuato, Gto. 36; Méxio
More informationCalculation of Desorption Parameters for Mg/Si(111) System
e-journal of Surfae Siene and Nanotehnology 29 August 2009 e-j. Surf. Si. Nanoteh. Vol. 7 (2009) 816-820 Conferene - JSSS-8 - Calulation of Desorption Parameters for Mg/Si(111) System S. A. Dotsenko, N.
More informationA simple expression for radial distribution functions of pure fluids and mixtures
A simple expression for radial distribution funtions of pure fluids and mixtures Enrio Matteoli a) Istituto di Chimia Quantistia ed Energetia Moleolare, CNR, Via Risorgimento, 35, 56126 Pisa, Italy G.
More informationRelativity in Classical Physics
Relativity in Classial Physis Main Points Introdution Galilean (Newtonian) Relativity Relativity & Eletromagnetism Mihelson-Morley Experiment Introdution The theory of relativity deals with the study of
More informationWhere as discussed previously we interpret solutions to this partial differential equation in the weak sense: b
Consider the pure initial value problem for a homogeneous system of onservation laws with no soure terms in one spae dimension: Where as disussed previously we interpret solutions to this partial differential
More informationChapter 5 Differentiation
Capter 5 Differentiation Course Title: Real Analsis 1 Course Code: MTH31 Course instrutor: Dr Atiq ur Reman Class: MS-II Course URL: wwwmatitorg/atiq/fa15-mt31 Derivative of a funtion: Let f be defined
More informationDetermination of heat transfer intensity between free streaming water film and rigid surface using thermography
Determination of eat transfer intensity between free ing water film and rigid surfae using termograpy Faulty of meanial engineering and naval ariteture University of Zagreb, Croatia Abstrat by S. Švaić,
More informationPhysics 107 Problem 2.5 O. A. Pringle h Physics 107 Problem 2.6 O. A. Pringle
Pysis 07 Problem 25 O A Pringle 3 663 0 34 700 = 284 0 9 Joules ote I ad to set te zero tolerane ere e 6 0 9 ev joules onversion ator ev e ev = 776 ev Pysis 07 Problem 26 O A Pringle 663 0 34 3 ev
More informationSimplified Buckling Analysis of Skeletal Structures
Simplified Bukling Analysis of Skeletal Strutures B.A. Izzuddin 1 ABSRAC A simplified approah is proposed for bukling analysis of skeletal strutures, whih employs a rotational spring analogy for the formulation
More informationSensitivity Analysis in Markov Networks
Sensitivity Analysis in Markov Networks Hei Chan and Adnan Darwihe Computer Siene Department University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095 {hei,darwihe}@s.ula.edu Abstrat This paper explores
More informationNumerical study of surface plasmon enhanced nonlinear absorption and refraction
Numerial study of surfae plasmon enaned nonlinear absorption and refration Dana C. Kolgraf-Owens 1* and Pieter G. Kik 1, 1 CREOL and FPCE: Te College of Optis and Potonis, University of Central Florida,
More informationarxiv:gr-qc/ v2 6 Feb 2004
Hubble Red Shift and the Anomalous Aeleration of Pioneer 0 and arxiv:gr-q/0402024v2 6 Feb 2004 Kostadin Trenčevski Faulty of Natural Sienes and Mathematis, P.O.Box 62, 000 Skopje, Maedonia Abstrat It this
More informationsolidi current topics in solid state physics The role of breathers in the anomalous decay of luminescence
solidi status physia pss urrent topis in solid state physis The role of breathers in the anomalous deay of luminesene Eva Miho kova and Lawrene S. Shulman Institute of Physis, ASCR, Cukrovarnika, Prague
More informationSOUND TRANSMISSION THROUGH A CYLINDRICAL SANDWICH SHELL WITH HONEYCOMB CORE
SOUND TANSISSION THOUGH A CYLINDICAL SANDWICH SHELL WITH HONEYCOB COE Yvette Y. Tang* National esear Counil S 463, NASA Langley esear Center, Hampton, VA 2368 Jay H. obinson and iard J. Silox Strutural
More informationThe story so far: Isolated defects
The story so far: Infinite, periodi strutures have Bloh wave single-partile states, labeled by a wavenumber k. Translational symmetry of the lattie periodi boundary onditions give disrete allowed values
More informationAnalytical Solution for Bending Stress Intensity Factor from Reissner s Plate Theory
Engineering, 0, 3, 57-54 doi:0.436/eng.0.35060 Publised Online a 0 (ttp://www.sirp.org/journal/eng) Analtial Solution for Bending Stress Intensit Fator from Reissner s Plate Teor Abstrat Lalita Cattopada
More informationEffect of magnetization process on levitation force between a superconducting. disk and a permanent magnet
Effet of magnetization proess on levitation fore between a superonduting disk and a permanent magnet L. Liu, Y. Hou, C.Y. He, Z.X. Gao Department of Physis, State Key Laboratory for Artifiial Mirostruture
More information5.1 We will begin this section with the definition of a rational expression. We
Basic Properties and Reducing to Lowest Terms 5.1 We will begin tis section wit te definition of a rational epression. We will ten state te two basic properties associated wit rational epressions and go
More informationA. Shirani*and M. H. Alamatsaz
IJST (013) A1: 9-34 Iranian Journal of Siene & Tehnology http://www.shirazu.a.ir/en Calulion of exposure buildup fators for point isotropi gamma ray soures in strified spherial shields of wer surrounded
More informationThe Effectiveness of the Linear Hull Effect
The Effetiveness of the Linear Hull Effet S. Murphy Tehnial Report RHUL MA 009 9 6 Otober 009 Department of Mathematis Royal Holloway, University of London Egham, Surrey TW0 0EX, England http://www.rhul.a.uk/mathematis/tehreports
More informationGravitomagnetic Effects in the Kerr-Newman Spacetime
Advaned Studies in Theoretial Physis Vol. 10, 2016, no. 2, 81-87 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikari.om http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/astp.2016.512114 Gravitomagneti Effets in the Kerr-Newman Spaetime A. Barros Centro
More informationFailure Assessment Diagram Analysis of Creep Crack Initiation in 316H Stainless Steel
Failure Assessment Diagram Analysis of Creep Crak Initiation in 316H Stainless Steel C. M. Davies *, N. P. O Dowd, D. W. Dean, K. M. Nikbin, R. A. Ainsworth Department of Mehanial Engineering, Imperial
More informationQuantum Numbers and Rules
OpenStax-CNX module: m42614 1 Quantum Numbers and Rules OpenStax College Tis work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under te Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 Abstract Dene quantum number.
More informationEFFECTIVE STRESS LAW FOR THE PERMEABILITY OF CLAY-RICH SANDSTONES
SCA22-5 1/6 EFFECTIVE STRESS LAW FOR THE PERMEABILITY OF CLAY-RICH SANDSTONES Widad Al-Wardy and Robert W. Zimmerman Department of Earth Siene and Engineering Imperial College of Siene, Tehnology and Mediine
More informationpss Unusual evolution of the magnetism on oxygen in La 1 x Sr x CoO 3 solidi status physica
Phys. Status Solidi C, No., 54 58 (3) / DOI./pss. Unusual evolution of the magnetism on oxygen in La x Sr x CoO 3 physia pss urrent topis in solid state physis Sott Medling *,,Y.Lee, H. Zheng 3, J. F.
More informationCopyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only.
Copyright 018 Soiety of Photo-Optial Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) One print or eletroni opy may be made for personal use only Systemati reprodution and distribution, dupliation of any material in this
More informationAdvances in Radio Science
Advanes in adio Siene 2003) 1: 99 104 Copernius GmbH 2003 Advanes in adio Siene A hybrid method ombining the FDTD and a time domain boundary-integral equation marhing-on-in-time algorithm A Beker and V
More informationMeasuring & Inducing Neural Activity Using Extracellular Fields I: Inverse systems approach
Measuring & Induing Neural Ativity Using Extraellular Fields I: Inverse systems approah Keith Dillon Department of Eletrial and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La
More informationConvergence Analysis for Mixed Finite Element Method of Positive Semi-definite Problems
Journal of Matematis Resear; Vol. 9, No. 3; June 2017 ISSN 1916-9795 E-ISSN 1916-9809 Publised by Canadian Center of Siene and Eduation Convergene Analysis for Mixed Finite Element Metod of Positive Semi-definite
More informationarxiv: v1 [physics.gen-ph] 5 Jan 2018
The Real Quaternion Relativity Viktor Ariel arxiv:1801.03393v1 [physis.gen-ph] 5 Jan 2018 In this work, we use real quaternions and the basi onept of the final speed of light in an attempt to enhane the
More informationH=250 Oe. Supplementary Figure 1 Magnetic domains: Room temperature 4 x 4 µm 2 MFM phase
1 Supplementary Information Supplementary Figures (b) () 1.6± 1 µm 1 µm 1 µm H290 Oe (d) (e) (f) H410 Oe -1.5± 1 µm 1 µm H250 Oe 1 µm H590 Oe Supplementary Figure 1 Magneti domains: Room temperature 4
More informationEffects of Water on the Forward and Backward Conversions of Lead(II) Iodide to Methylammonium Lead Perovskite
Eletroni Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Soiety of Chemistry 2017 Supporting Information Effets of Water on the Forward and Bakward Conversions
More informationPairings of Circles and Sawayama s Theorem
Forum Geometriorum Volume 13 (2013) 117 131. FRUM GM SSN 1534-1178 airings of irles and Sawayama s Teorem aris amfilos Abstrat. n tis artile we study pairs of projetively related irles, tangent to a fixed
More informationA simplified shear strength evaluation model for reinforced concrete corbels
Computational Metos an Experimental Measurements XIII 537 A simplifie sear strengt ealuation moel for reinfore onrete orbels J. K. Lu 1, S. Y. Kuo 2, J. Y. Lin 1 & S. H. Hsu 3 1 Department of Ciil Engineering,
More informationProcess engineers are often faced with the task of
Fluids and Solids Handling Eliminate Iteration from Flow Problems John D. Barry Middough, In. This artile introdues a novel approah to solving flow and pipe-sizing problems based on two new dimensionless
More informationQ2. [40 points] Bishop-Hill Model: Calculation of Taylor Factors for Multiple Slip
27-750, A.D. Rollett Due: 20 th Ot., 2011. Homework 5, Volume Frations, Single and Multiple Slip Crystal Plastiity Note the 2 extra redit questions (at the end). Q1. [40 points] Single Slip: Calulating
More informationEF 152 Exam #3, Fall, 2012 Page 1 of 6
EF 5 Exam #3, Fall, 0 Page of 6 Name: Setion: Guidelines: ssume 3 signifiant figures for all given numbers. Sow all of your work no work, no redit Write your final answer in te box provided - inlude units
More informationEvaluation of effect of blade internal modes on sensitivity of Advanced LIGO
Evaluation of effet of blade internal modes on sensitivity of Advaned LIGO T0074-00-R Norna A Robertson 5 th Otober 00. Introdution The urrent model used to estimate the isolation ahieved by the quadruple
More informationElectromagnetic radiation of the travelling spin wave propagating in an antiferromagnetic plate. Exact solution.
arxiv:physis/99536v1 [physis.lass-ph] 15 May 1999 Eletromagneti radiation of the travelling spin wave propagating in an antiferromagneti plate. Exat solution. A.A.Zhmudsky November 19, 16 Abstrat The exat
More informationPhysical Laws, Absolutes, Relative Absolutes and Relativistic Time Phenomena
Page 1 of 10 Physial Laws, Absolutes, Relative Absolutes and Relativisti Time Phenomena Antonio Ruggeri modexp@iafria.om Sine in the field of knowledge we deal with absolutes, there are absolute laws that
More informationCombined Electric and Magnetic Dipoles for Mesoband Radiation, Part 2
Sensor and Simulation Notes Note 53 3 May 8 Combined Eletri and Magneti Dipoles for Mesoband Radiation, Part Carl E. Baum University of New Mexio Department of Eletrial and Computer Engineering Albuquerque
More informationExtending LMR for anisotropic unconventional reservoirs
Extending LMR for anisotropi unonventional reservoirs Maro A. Perez Apahe Canada Ltd Summary It has beome inreasingly advantageous to haraterize rok in unonventional reservoirs within an anisotropi framework.
More informationExploring the feasibility of on-site earthquake early warning using close-in records of the 2007 Noto Hanto earthquake
Exploring the feasibility of on-site earthquake early warning using lose-in reords of the 2007 Noto Hanto earthquake Yih-Min Wu 1 and Hiroo Kanamori 2 1. Department of Geosienes, National Taiwan University,
More informationRelativistic Addition of Velocities *
OpenStax-CNX module: m42540 1 Relativisti Addition of Veloities * OpenStax This work is produed by OpenStax-CNX and liensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Liense 3.0 Abstrat Calulate relativisti
More informationNuclear Shell Structure Evolution Theory
Nulear Shell Struture Evolution Theory Zhengda Wang (1) Xiaobin Wang () Xiaodong Zhang () Xiaohun Wang () (1) Institute of Modern physis Chinese Aademy of SienesLan Zhou P. R. China 70000 () Seagate Tehnology
More informationMVT and Rolle s Theorem
AP Calculus CHAPTER 4 WORKSHEET APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIATION MVT and Rolle s Teorem Name Seat # Date UNLESS INDICATED, DO NOT USE YOUR CALCULATOR FOR ANY OF THESE QUESTIONS In problems 1 and, state
More informationModeling of Threading Dislocation Density Reduction in Heteroepitaxial Layers
A. E. Romanov et al.: Threading Disloation Density Redution in Layers (II) 33 phys. stat. sol. (b) 99, 33 (997) Subjet lassifiation: 6.72.C; 68.55.Ln; S5.; S5.2; S7.; S7.2 Modeling of Threading Disloation
More informationThe Hyperbolic Region for Restricted Isometry Constants in Compressed Sensing
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING Volume 8 Te Hyeroli Region for Restrited Isometry Constants in Comressed Sensing Siqing Wang Yan Si and Limin Su Astrat Te restrited isometry
More informationImprovements in the Modeling of the Self-ignition of Tetrafluoroethylene
Exerpt from the Proeedings of the OMSOL onferene 010 Paris Improvements in the Modeling of the Self-ignition of Tetrafluoroethylene M. Bekmann-Kluge 1 *,. errero 1, V. Shröder 1, A. Aikalin and J. Steinbah
More informationOn the Licensing of Innovations under Strategic Delegation
On the Liensing of Innovations under Strategi Delegation Judy Hsu Institute of Finanial Management Nanhua University Taiwan and X. Henry Wang Department of Eonomis University of Missouri USA Abstrat This
More informationarxiv: v1 [hep-ph] 5 Sep 2016
Struture of armed baryons studied by pioni deays Hideko Nagairo,, Sigeiro Yasui, 3 Atsusi Hosaka,,4 Makoto Oka, 3,5 and Hiroyuki Noumi Department of Pysis, Nara Women s University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
More informationNew Methods for Measuring the hermal Emissivity of Semi-transparent and Opaque Materials By D. Demange, M. Bejet, and B. Dufour ONERA - DMSC - Fort de Palaiseau, Chemin de la Hunière 91761 Palaiseau, Frane
More informationTHERMAL MODELING OF PACKAGES FOR NORMAL CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORT WITH INSOLATION t
THERMAL MODELING OF PACKAGES FOR NORMAL CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORT WITH INSOLATION THERMAL MODELING OF PACKAGES FOR NORMAL CONDITIONS OF TRANSPORT WITH INSOLATION t Tehnial Programs and Servies/Engineering
More informationUTC. Engineering 329. Proportional Controller Design. Speed System. John Beverly. Green Team. John Beverly Keith Skiles John Barker.
UTC Engineering 329 Proportional Controller Design for Speed System By John Beverly Green Team John Beverly Keith Skiles John Barker 24 Mar 2006 Introdution This experiment is intended test the variable
More informationFour-dimensional equation of motion for viscous compressible substance with regard to the acceleration field, pressure field and dissipation field
Four-dimensional equation of motion for visous ompressible substane with regard to the aeleration field, pressure field and dissipation field Sergey G. Fedosin PO box 6488, Sviazeva str. -79, Perm, Russia
More informationarxiv:physics/ v1 [physics.class-ph] 8 Aug 2003
arxiv:physis/0308036v1 [physis.lass-ph] 8 Aug 003 On the meaning of Lorentz ovariane Lszl E. Szab Theoretial Physis Researh Group of the Hungarian Aademy of Sienes Department of History and Philosophy
More informationMODELLING THE POSTPEAK STRESS DISPLACEMENT RELATIONSHIP OF CONCRETE IN UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION
VIII International Conferene on Frature Mehanis of Conrete and Conrete Strutures FraMCoS-8 J.G.M. Van Mier, G. Ruiz, C. Andrade, R.C. Yu and X.X. Zhang Eds) MODELLING THE POSTPEAK STRESS DISPLACEMENT RELATIONSHIP
More informationConsolidating Virtual Machines with Dynamic Bandwidth Demand in Data Centers
Consolidating Virtual Maines wit Dynami Bandwidt Demand in Data Centers Meng Wang, Xiaoqiao Meng, and Li Zang Sool of ECE, Cornell University, Itaa, NY 4853, USA. Email: mw467@ornell.edu IBM T.J. Watson
More informationChing Chiaw Choo, Issam Harik Published online on: 26 Sep 2013
Tis artile was downloaded y: 10.3.98.93 On: 27 De 2018 Aess details: susription numer Puliser: CRC Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Numer: 1072954 Registered offie: 5 Howik
More informationAssessing the Performance of a BCI: A Task-Oriented Approach
Assessing the Performane of a BCI: A Task-Oriented Approah B. Dal Seno, L. Mainardi 2, M. Matteui Department of Eletronis and Information, IIT-Unit, Politenio di Milano, Italy 2 Department of Bioengineering,
More informationThe Concept of the Effective Mass Tensor in GR. The Gravitational Waves
The Conept of the Effetive Mass Tensor in GR The Gravitational Waves Mirosław J. Kubiak Zespół Szkół Tehniznyh, Grudziądz, Poland Abstrat: In the paper [] we presented the onept of the effetive mass tensor
More information