Title: Greenhouse Gases & Climate Change 2/19. You should take notes for today s lecture & put the notes into your notebook

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1 Title: Greenhouse Gases & Climate Change 2/19 You should take notes for today s lecture & put the notes into your notebook

2 Summary of topics to will be discussed What causes climate to change? (2/19) Is there evidence that climate is changing? What will be the future effects of climate change?

3 Climate Change What causes climate to change? Variation in the Earth's Orbit Greenhouse effect and albedo variations

4 Past Climate = Continenal Glaciation (= "Ice Age) Figure 17-26

5 Figure Effects of Glaciation Sea-level change

6 Figure Effects of Glaciation Glacial Lakes form

7 Past Climate = Continenal Glaciation (= "Ice Age)

8 Variation in the Earth's Orbit: Eccentricity (shape of the orbit) Note: picture exaggerates the difference (still close to circular)

9 Variation in the Earth's Orbit: Eccentricity (shape of the orbit)

10 Variation in the Earth's Orbit

11 Precession (Wobble) Variation in the Earth's Orbit

12

13

14

15 Title: Greenhouse Gases & Climate Change You should take notes for today s lecture & put the notes into your notebook

16 Summary of topics to will be discussed What causes climate to change cont.? (2/20) Is there evidence that climate is changing? (2/20) What will be the future effects of climate change?

17 Climate Change What causes climate to change? Variation in the Earth's Orbit Greenhouse effect and albedo variations

18 Climate Change What causes climate to change? Variation in the Earth's Orbit Greenhouse effect and albedo variations Albedo: The amount of solar energy reflected by a plant

19

20

21 Climate Change What causes climate to change? Variation in the Earth's Orbit Greenhouse effect and albedo variations Greenhouse gas: A gas that absorbs infrared (thermal) energy Greenhouse effect: The warming of the Earth s atmosphere due to greenhouse gasses

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23

24

25 Summary of topics to will be discussed What causes climate to change? Evidence that climate is changing? (& greenhouse gasses increasing) What will be the future effects of climate change?

26

27

28 Evidence for past climate change: Long Term (>200 years ago) = Measurement of indirect proxies Ex. Measurement of ice chemistry & air bubble in Ice cores

29 Evidence for past climate change: Long Term (>200 years ago) = Measurement of indirect proxies Ex. Measurement of ice chemistry & air bubble in Ice cores

30 Evidence for past climate change: Long Term (>200 years ago) = Measurement of indirect proxies Ex. Measurement of ice chemistry & air bubble in Ice cores

31 There have been many Ice Ages d a t a f r o m P e t i t e t a l g l a c i a l - t o - i n t e r g l a c i a l c y c l e s t e m p e r a t u r e a n d C O 2 v a r y t o g e t h e r

32 Evidence for past climate change: Short Term (<200 years ago) = Measurement of direct measurement of Temperatures & Other factors ex. Snowpack

33 Evidence for past climate change: Short Term (<200 years ago) = Measurement of direct measurement of Temperatures

34

35 Evidence for past climate change: Short Term (<200 years ago) = Measurement of direct measurement of Temperatures & Other factors ex. Snowpack

36 Evidence for past climate change: Short Term (<200 years ago) = Measurement of direct measurement of Temperatures & Other factors ex. Snowpack

37 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat

38 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat

39 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat 1938 Glacier National Park

40 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat Glacier National Park

41 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat Glacier National Park

42 For last ~100 yrs Glaciers = melting/retreat Glacier National Park

43 1928 South Cascade Glacier

44 South Cascade Glacier

45 South Cascade Glacier

46

47 Nisqually Glacier 2006

48 90% of worlds glaciers now melting/retreat

49 Summary of topics to will be discussed What causes climate to change? (2/19) Is there evidence that climate is changing? (2/20) What will be the future effects of climate change? (2/21)

50 How will Climate Change in the Future? Orbital Effect vs. Greenhouse Effect & Albedo Changes

51 How will Climate Change in the Future? What area(s) is the greatest warming predicted?

52 How will Climate Change in the Future? How much will temperatures rise?

53 Some Effects of Global Warming: 1) Decreased Sea Ice & Snow Packs Mendenhall Glacier & Columbia Glacier (Alaska) Glacier Calving - Greenland

54 Sea level will rise due to: 1) Glacial ice melting & 2) Thermal expansion of seawater Together = About 120 m (400 ft) possible change in sea level

55 Some Effects of Global Warming: 2) Rising Sea Level

56 Some Effects of Global Warming: 2) Rising Sea Level ea_level_rise/sea_level_rise.htm

57 Some Effects of Global Warming: 2) Rising Sea Level ea_level_rise/sea_level_rise.htm

58 Some Effects of Global Warming: 2) Rising Sea Level ea_level_rise/sea_level_rise.htm

59 Some Effects of Global Warming: 3) Weather pattern changes (increased storm intensity)

60 Some Effects of Global Warming: 3) Weather pattern changes (increased storm intensity)

61 Some Effects of Global Warming: 4) Changes in Ocean Circulation & Chemistry (acidification)

62 Some Effects of Global Warming: 5) Changes in distribution & Diversity of plants & animals

63 Some Effects of Global Warming: 5) Changes in distribution & Diversity of plants & animals

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