2. How do igneous rocks form? 3. How do sedimentary rocks form? 4. How do metamorphic rocks form?
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1 Name: Class: Earth s History Test Review Packet Test: Monday, February 13, 2017 The Rock Cycle 1. Explain why it is called the rock CYCLE. Does it truly have a starting point or end point? 2. How do igneous rocks form? 3. How do sedimentary rocks form? 4. How do metamorphic rocks form? 5. Put the following words into the Venn Diagram below: Pressure, water, heat, cooling, hardening, sediments, magma, lava, erosion, weathering, deposition, Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous
2 Fossils: 1. Fossils are most common in which type of rock? 2. Summarize how fossils form. 3. What is a paleontologist? 4. Explain why fossils do not form in igneous and metamorphic rock. 5. Examine the diagram below. Did this area used to be underwater or dry land? Explain how you know based on the diagram. Is this area currently underwater or dry land? Explain how you know based on the diagram. 6. Besides in rock, what other four substances can fossils form in?
3 7. True or False: The fossil record contains all found and unfound fossils on Earth? 8. Define body fossil and list examples: 9. Define trace fossil and list examples: 10. Explain WHY a turtle would fossilize better than a caterpillar Relative age of rocks/fossils 1. Define Relative Age. 2. Relative Dating- put letters in order from oldest to youngest and list any geologic events/processes (faulting, folding, tilting, erosion/unconformity) that occur in each diagram. Also, label any igneous intrusions. C C F B A D B E
4 3. Define Uniformitarianism. 4. Define the Law of Superposition. 5. Define the Principle of Original Horizontality. 6. Define the Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships. 7. Define Unconformity.
5 8. Use the diagram below. Pick THREE 3 letters and explain what they are/what they represent. 9. Use the diagram below. R T N A What does letter N represent? What does letter A represent? What do letters R and T represent? What type of rock are letters G, C, P, and W made of?
6 10. Use the diagram below. Draw (preferably in a different color!) where the unconformity is. 11. Use the diagram below. Draw (preferably in a different color!) where the unconformity is. Absolute age of rocks/fossils (based on radiometric dating) 1. Define Absolute Age. Use the chart below the answer questions 2-9. Method Half-life time Materials Dating Range Carbon/Nitrogen 5,730 years shells, limestone, organic matter ,000 years Potassium/Argon 1.3 billion years biotite, volcanic rock Rubidium/Strontium 47 billion years Micas Uranium-238/Lead billion years Zircon 100, billion years 10 million-4.5 billion + years 10 million-4.5 billion + years Uranium-235/Lead million years Zircon 10 million-4.5 billion + years 2. If scientists find a fossilized elephant bone, what parent isotope should they use to date the fossils?
7 3. What does Rubidium decay into? 4. What is the parent isotope of Nitrogen? 5. If scientists want to date a sample that is estimated to be about 850,000 years old, which parent isotope should they use? 6. If scientists want to date a sample that contains mica, which parent isotope should they use? 7. What is the half-life of Uranium-235? 8. How many years does it take for a 100 g sample of Uranium-238 to decay to 50 g? 9. CHALLENGE QUESTION: If a rock sample started out with 100 g sample of Rubidium, and now contains 25 g of Rubidium, how old is the rock? 10. How is the bracketing method used to determine the absolute age of rocks/fossils? 11. What is a half-life? 12. What are index fossils and how are they used? *The answer key will be posted to Schoology on Friday (February 10 th ) after school if you would like to check your answers!
8 VOCAB Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock Igneous rock Magma vs. Lava Uniformitarianism Fossil Paleontologist Trace Fossil Body Fossil Ice core Tree ring Relative Age Relative Dating Law of Superposition Unconformity Principle of Original Horizontality Principle of Crossing Cutting Relationships Tilting Erosion Faulting Folding Absolute Age Absolute Dating Radioactive Decay Half-life Radiometric-dating Index Fossil
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