Organisms: all living things FORDE-FERRIER EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
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1 Organisms: all living things
2 Chlorophyll: a green substance in plant leaves that captures energy from the sun
3 Carbon Dioxide: a gas in the atmosphere that plants use during the process of photosynthesis Carbon Dioxide is taken in by plant Oxygen is released Plant
4 Stomata: tiny holes in the leaves of a plant that allow gases to enter or leave the plant
5 Photosynthesis: the process in which plants use energy from the sun to make their own food Sunlight Oxygen is released Carbon Dioxide Water
6 Producer: an organism that makes its own food
7 Traits: characteristics of an organism SPOTS
8 Inherited Traits: characteristics passed down from parents to offspring HAIR COLOR EYE COLOR SKIN COLOR
9 Offspring: children
10 Adapt: change
11 Perish: die
12 Adaptation: a change an organism undergoes in order to survive FEET ARE WEBBED
13 Reproduce: to make more of the same kind of organism as the adult
14 Instinctive Behaviors: behaviors that are inherited HIBERNATION
15 Learned Behaviors: behaviors that are learned
16 Habitat: the specific environment where an organism lives
17 Species: a group of organisms that produce offspring like themselves
18 Population: all the organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
19 Community: populations of different species that live in the same area at the same time
20 Ecosystem: all the populations of organisms and the nonliving things in an environment, and the interaction among them
21 Biome: one of the six major land areas of the world that is home to specific plant and animal populations and is defined by its climate EXAMPLES: TUNDRA, TAIGA, DECIDUOUS FORREST, GRASSLAND, DESSERT, TROPICAL RAINFORREST
22 Life Cycle: the stages of development of an organism as it grows into an adult
23 Thrive: to grow in a strong and healthy way
24 Pollution: anything in the environment that can harm living organisms or damage the natural resources
25 Unique Niche: an organism s role in an ecosystem based on how it gets its food
26 Consumers: animals that eat other organisms Primary Secondary
27 Herbivores: animals that eat only plants
28 Carnivores: animals that eat only other animals
29 Omnivores: animals that eat both plants and animals
30 Predators: animals that hunt other animals for food
31 Prey: animals that are hunted by predators
32 Decomposers: organisms that feed on dead plants and animals, as well as animal wastes WORMS MUSHROOMS
33 Food Chain: the path of energy from the sun to a plant to an animal to another animal
34 Food Web: a group of overlapping food chains Sun Plant Sheep Fox Wolf Rabbit
35 Weathering: the breaking down of rock on the surface of the Earth usually by the force of water, wind, or ice
36 Erosion: the movement of weathered particles by water, wind, or ice
37 Deposition: the process in which materials that have been eroded are dropped in a new place by wind or water
38 Landform: a natural structure found on the surface of the Earth
39 Glacier: a huge piece of ice that slowly moves across the surface of the Earth and remains frozen during the entire year
40 Fault: A crack in the Earth s crust
41 Earthquake: the shaking of the Earth s crust caused by large pieces of rock underneath the Earth s surface moving against each other
42 Volcano: a mountain made from hardened lava, rocks, and ash that erupted out from underneath the Earth s surface
43 Magma: melted rock below the Earth s surface
44 Lava: magma that has flowed out onto the surface of the Earth
45 Lithosphere: the rocky surface of the Earth
46 Atmosphere: the pocket of air that surrounds the Earth
47 Hydrosphere: all the water on the surface of the Earth and underground, including ice and water vapor
48 Axis: an imaginary line running from the North Pole to the South Pole through the center of the Earth
49 Rotation: the spinning of a planet or moon on its axis
50 Orbit: the path one object takes around another object in space
51 Tide: the rise and fall of the water level of the ocean near the shore that is caused by the pull of gravity of the moon
52 Source: the place where something begins or comes from
53 Sunspot: a cool spot on the sun s surface that occurs for a short time
54 Solar Flare: an eruption of flame off of the sun s surface
55 Corona: the outer edge of the sun s atmosphere
56 Solar Energy: energy from the sun
57 Wind: moving air caused by the sun
58 Natural Resources: materials in the environment that are useful to people
59 Fuels: material burned to produce heat energy
60 Nonrenewable Resources: natural resources such as fossil fuels that will eventually be used up and can never be replaced
61 Renewable Resources: natural resources that nature can produce again such as trees, plants, water, oxygen, and soil
62 Inexhaustible Resources: resources that humans can use and never use up such as solar energy and wind
63 Water Cycle: the change of water from one state to another as it travels from the Earth s surface to the atmosphere and back condensation evaporation precipitation Lake
64 Evaporation: the process of changing from a liquid to a gas, usually caused by energy from the sun Gas Liquid
65 Condensation: The process of changing from a gas to a liquid, such as water vapor changing into water
66 Precipitation: Water falling to the surface of the Earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet, or snow
67 Transpiration: the process of water vapor leaving a plant and entering the atmosphere
68 Soil a material made up of tiny pieces of weathered rock
69 Humus: decaying plant and animal material in the soil
70 Loam: soil rich in nutrients that is good for plant growth
71 Nitrogen Cycle: the movement of nitrogen between organisms and the environment
72 Decomposers: organisms that break down dead materials and wastes
73 Sedimentary Rock: rock formed when sediments are pressed together in layers
74 IGNEOUS ROCK: rock formed when lava cools
75 Metamorphic Rock rock that formed when another kind of rock was squeezed and heated deep inside the Earth s crust
76 Fossil: the remains of a plant or animal that lived long ago
77 Comet: a ball of ice and dirt that orbits the sun
78 Meteor: a small rock that burns as it enters Earth s atmosphere
79 Asteroid: a large rock in outer space
80 Galaxy: a group of stars
81 Constellation: a group of stars that ancient people thought formed a picture in the sky
82 Astronomer: a scientist who studies bodies in outer space
83 Climate: the usual weather in a place
84 Air Pressure: the weight of the air pressing on everything in the environment
85 Barometer: a device that measures air pressure
86 Precipitation: water falling to the Earth
87 Humidity: water vapor in the air
88 Nimbus Clouds: rain clouds
89 Front: the place where one air mass meets another air mass
90 Air Mass: a large pocket of air
91 Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space
92 Mass: the amount of matter an object has
93 Weight: the measure of the amount of gravity acting on an object s mass
94 Volume: the amount of space taken up by matter
95 Density: the amount of mass an object has in a known volume Example: Objects with more density than water will sink. ROCK Objects with less density than water will float. POPSICLE STICK
96 State: one of the three main forms of matter
97 Solid: a state of matter that has a fixed shape and volume
98 Liquid: a state of matter that has a fixed volume, but its shape changes to match the shape of its container
99 Gas: a state of matter that does not have a fixed shape or volume
100 Physical Change: a change in the appearance of matter without actually changing the matter itself Snowman changes from ice to water.
101 Physical Property: a characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured and can be changed without changing the matter itself Example: Hammering a penny until it was very flat. The penny looks different, but it is still made up of the same type of matter
102 Property: a characteristic used to describe matter Example: The color of a plant. The texture of a certain type of soil. The boiling point of a certain liquid.
103 Texture: how a substance feels or looks Example: Sandpaper has a rough texture. Glass has a smooth texture.
104 Odor: how a substance smells
105 Conductor: a substance that allows electricity to easily travel through it Metal wires
106 Insulator: a substance that does not let electricity pass through it easily Rubber Gloves
107 Magnetic: a description of substances attracted to magnetic force
108 Boiling Point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas WATER BOILING POINT IS 100 CELCIUS
109 Melting Point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid ICE MELTING POINT IS 0 CELCIUS
110 Mixture: a combination of two or more substances that do not join together to form a new substance
111 Solution: a mixture in which the substances are spread out evenly between one another and cannot be told apart SALT AND WATER WHEN MIXED TOGETHER BECOMES A SOLUTION
112 Dissolve: to form a solution with another substance
113 Invisible: cannot be seen
114 Force: a push or pull
115 Motion: movement
116 Friction: a force that works against motion BETWEEN THE TIRE AND THE ROAD THERE IS FRICTION
117 Gravity: the force that pulls objects toward one another GRAVITY FORCES RAIN TO THE EARTH S SURFACE
118 Inertia: the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion EXAMPLE: A BALL WILL ROLL STRAIGHT UNTIL SOMETHING STOPS IT OR CHANGES ITS DIRECTION
119 Light: a form of energy that travels in waves and can move through empty space
120 Reflection: the bouncing back of light waves off of a surface
121 Refraction: the bending of light waves as they travel from one surface to another
122 Convex Lens: a lens that is thicker in the center and thinner at the edges, a shape that bends light inward
123 Concave Lens: a lens that is thinner in the center and thicker at the edges, a shape that bends light outward
124 Sound: a form of energy produced by vibrating objects
125 Vibrate: move back and forth rapidly
126 Energy: the ability to do work EXAMPLES: HEAT (sun), LIGHT (light bulb), SOUND (radio), ELECTRICAL (lightning), CHEMICAL (foods), MECHANICAL (moving objects), and MAGNETIC (north/south poles)
127 Solar Energy: energy from the sun
128 Kinetic Energy: the energy of motion
129 Potential Energy: energy that is stored in an object
130 Electricity: a form of energy produced inside particles of matter
131 Current: the movement (flow) of electricity in a certain path
132 Source of Energy: where the energy comes from
133 LIFE SCIENCE WORDS EARTH SCIENCE WORDS PHYSICAL SCIENCE WORDS
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