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1 Thanks Connect Thank you for downloading my product. I truly appreciate your support and look forward to hearing your feedback. You can connect with me and find many free activities and strategies over at my blog KeslerScience.com I look forward helping you focus your instruction and save time prepping. You Might Also Like All 8 INB Notebook Templates 35% Savings! Kesler Science Station Lab Activities 40%+ Savings! Kesler Science Complete 5E Lessons 40%+ Savings! Themed Board Games for Review 35% Savings!

2 Kesler Science Station Lab Volcanoes If you have never used my Kesler Science Station Labs before please download the FREE Start-Up pack from my TPT store. It will provide you with all of the signage and best practices in order to run the station labs in your classroom. The large directions cards included in this file are intended to be read by the leader of the group once the students get to the station. The smaller task cards can be read by another group member. I prefer that each student do their own lab write-up (included at the end of this file), so that they may use it for reference at a later date. The answer key is provided at the end of the document. Lastly, if any of the internet resources no longer work for some reason please let me know via at chris@keslerscience.com. I cannot guarantee that all resources will be available, but I tried to choose ones that have been around for many years.

3 Kesler Science Station Lab Volcanoes Teacher Directions Explore It! I will spend much of my time at this station making sure the students are not wasting time. You will need the included cards and some cans of playdoh. Illustrate It! Normally this station would be an output station, but in this lab I chose to use it as an input station. You may want to setup computers for research. Read It! Print several different copies (I use 6) of the reading passage so that multiple students can read at different paces Watch It! The original YouTube link is: Note that URL is case-sensitive for the Google Drive Organize It! The cards for this activity are attached near the end of this file. Print several sets and then just put them in the basket for kids to pull from. This is also a good one for later in the week to demonstrate mastery too! Students should be encouraged to do the Research and Explore station before attempting this one. I like to label the backs with set numbers because they will get mixed up. Write It! Students should be encouraged to do the Research and Explore station before attempting this one. Research It! The goo.gl link on the task card is case-sensitive. The original link is Assess It! Students should be encouraged to do the Research and Explore station before attempting this one. If I grade anything I usually take a close look at the answers from this station.

4 Write It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Answer each of the task card questions on the lab sheet in complete sentences.

5 Describe the three main ways that volcanoes are created. Compare and contrast a composite volcano and a shield volcano. KeslerScience.com, 2015 How are plate boundaries related to volcanoes? KeslerScience.com, 2015

6 Assess It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Each member will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Assess It! section.

7 Where are volcanoes generally formed? Which is true about shield volcanoes? A. Hot spots, transform boundaries, convergent boundaries B. At all plate boundaries C. Hot spots, divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries D. Hot spots, divergent boundaries, transform boundaries A. Gradual slope, relatively gentle eruptions B. Steep slope, caldera present, violent eruptions C. Always form underneath the ocean D. Always form on land Which statement is incorrect? What should #11 be labeled? A. Most volcanoes are found along plate boundaries. B. Volcanoes can form over a hot spot in the middle of a tectonic plate. C. Volcanoes form when the weather erodes out a cylinder on the top of a mountain. D. Volcanoes form near subduction zones. A. Dike B. Sill C. Magma conduit D. Magma chamber

8 Read It! Station Directions Each member of the group will read the passage and answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Read It! section. It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading passage.

9 Where do Volcanoes Form? There are three main places where volcanoes originate: hot spots, divergent plate boundaries (such as rifts and mid-ocean ridges), and convergent plate boundaries (subduction zones). The origin of the magma for hot spots is not well known. We do know that the magma comes from partial melting within the upper mantle, probably from depths not too much greater than 100 km. The actual source of the heat that causes the partial melting (the actual hotspot itself) is almost certainly much deeper than that, but we really don't know how deep. At a divergent boundary, two tectonic plates are moving apart. Magma that is generated in the upper mantle flows upward to fill in the space. This magma is probably generated at depths that are shallower than those for hotspot magmas. People argue about whether the magma forcing its way to the surface causes the plates to move apart or whether the plates move apart and the magma just reacts to that and fills in the space. Perhaps it is a combination of these two. The most extensive example of this type of volcanism is the system of mid-ocean ridges. Continental examples include the East African Rift, the West Antarctic Rift, and the Basin and Range Province in the southwestern US. The final major place where volcanism originates is at convergent boundaries (subduction zones)--where an oceanic plate dives under either another oceanic plate or perhaps a continental plate. As the plate gets pushed further and further it starts to give off its volatiles (mostly water), and these migrate upwards into the mantle just under the overriding plate. The addition of these volatiles to this overriding mantle probably lowers the melting point of that mantle so that magma is generated. Part of the magma may also be generated by the downward moving plate actually starting to melt as it gets into the hotter and hotter interior.

10 Where would you least likely find a new volcano? A. Mid-ocean ridge B. Hot spot in Hawaii C. The great plains in the middle of the U.S. D. Near a subduction zone in Argentina How do volcanoes form near a divergent boundary? A. Magma fills in the gap where the plates move apart B. Magma is created by a subduction zone C. Magma breaks through the tectonic plate above a hot spot D. Mountains erode away and create a volcano A is formed when one tectonic plate dives underneath another one. A. hot spot B. subduction Zone C. rift Valley D. divergent plate boundary Which statement can be concluded after reading the passage? A. There are many volcanoes formed near plate boundaries. B. Volcanoes are created by erosion and weathering. C. A convergent boundary must be present to form a volcano.

11 Watch It! Station Directions Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1 Complete the task cards in order. Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Watch It! section of the lab sheet.

12 YouTube G Drive URL is case-sensitive 1. Click Play on the video. 2. Answer questions from cards #2-4 on your lab sheet. What did scientists used to think volcanoes were, and what do they know now? YouTube Why are most volcanoes found along plate boundaries? Compare the eruption of a composite volcano to a shield volcano.

13 Research It! Station Directions Each member of the group will go to the website listed on task card #1 Complete the task cards in order. Every student will answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Research It! section.

14 1. Go to 2. Answer the questions on your lab sheet. 1. Each dot represents a volcano. Make some observations about the volcanoes and their location on the map. 1. Describe what a hot spot is and how a volcano forms there. 2. Describe what a spreading center is and how a volcano forms there. 3. Describe what subduction is and how a volcano forms there.

15 Explore It! Station Directions One member of the group will read the task cards in order. The group will be responsible for completing each of the tasks that are being read. Each member of the group will then write their conclusions down on the lab sheet in the Explore It! section.

16 Use the key to match the correct answers. 1. Looks at the images of the four types of volcanoes. 2. Try to match the characteristics cards to the correct volcano. Composite/Stratovolcanoes A = 2 Cinder Cone Volcano B = 1 Shield Volcano C = 4 Lava Domes D = 3 1. Take a minute to read through the names of each of the volcanoes and their characteristics. 1. Use the Play-Doh to make a a small model of each of the different types of volcanoes. 2. On your lab sheet, write down each of the volcano types along with the characteristics. 2. On your lab sheet draw a picture of each of your models and label it.

17 Simplest type of volcano, rarely rises above 1000 feet, typically has a bowl-shaped crater at the top, found in western North America 1 Some of the Earth s grandest mountains, typically have steep sides and symmetrical cones, most have a crater and vent at the summit, made up of alternating layers of lava and ash 2 Built almost entirely by fluid lava flows, typically has a gentle slope, generally erupts slowly over a long period of time 4 Formed be small, bulbous masses of lava too thick to flow a great distance, lava piles around the vent, some domes form craggy knobs or spines over the volcanic vent 3

18 A

19 B

20 C

21 D

22 Illustrate It! Station Directions Each member of the group will draw a quick sketch on the lab sheet the shows they understand the concept that is being taught. Use the colored pencils and markers that are provided. The directions for the sketch are provided on the task card at the table.

23 Illustrate It! Station Directions Draw a diagram of a volcano and label the parts correctly. You may use the internet and the accompanying diagram/keyword list as a reference.

24 Keyword List - Lava Fountain - Volcanic Ash - Volcanic Bomb - Magma Chamber - Stratum - Sill - Magma Conduit - Dike - Ash Plum - Lapilli - Layers of lava and ash - Lava flow

25 Organize It! Station Directions It is recommended that you have completed at least two of the following stations before working at this station. -Read It! -Explore It! -Watch It! -Research It! Place the cards into three groups of four (similar characteristics). Once complete have your teacher sign your lab sheet. Please mix up the cards again before the next group arrives at this station.

26 Shield Volcano Composite Volcano Cinder Cone Volcano gradual slope and gentle eruptions Most form over hot spots or divergent boundaries with slow flowing lava largest volcanoes with violent eruptions Volcanoes made up of alternating layers of lava and ash smaller volcanoes that rarely rise above 1000 feet Simplest type of volcano

27 Volcanoes Explore It! Name Task Card #3 1. Task Card # Write It! Task Card #1: Task Card #2: Task Card #3:

28 Volcanoes Name Illustrate It! Assess It! #1 #3 #2 #4 Read It! #1 #3 #2 #4 Research It! Task Card #2: 1. Task Card #3: Organize It!

29 Volcanoes Name Watch It! Task Card #2: Task Card #3: Task Card #4:

30 Volcanoes Answer Key Explore It! Task Card #3 Composite/Stratovolcanoes - Task Card #4 Cinder Cone Shield Lava Domes Write It! Write It! Task Card #1: Volcanoes are typically created over a hot spot, at a divergent boundary or at a convergent boundary. Task Card #2: A composite volcano is a more traditional looking volcano and has a caldera and vent at the top. It has steep slopes and capable of massive eruptions in a short time period. Shield volcanoes are created by flowing magma and have gentle slopes. Their eruptions are less violent and generally last a longer period of time. Task Card #3: Both divergent and convergent plate boundaries can create volcanoes. Magma seeps in a divergent boundary to create volcanoes. When one tectonic plate submerges underneath another one a volcano can form by the melting Earth. It is formed on the tectonic plate that isn t submerging.

31 Volcanoes Answer Key Illustrate It! Assess It! #1 C #3 C #2 A #4 D Read It! #1 C #3 B #2 A #4 A Research It! Task Card #2: 1. Students should be able to recognize that volcanoes are grouped together in lines. They may not connect that these are also plate boundaries. Task Card #2: 1. Hot spots originate deep inside Earth, so they remain stationary while the plates above them move. The magma associated with hot spots is mafic, so shield volcanoes are commonly formed 2. Spreading centers are places where tectonic plates are diverging (moving away from one another). As the plates separate, a pathway is created for magma to move toward the surface. 3. Subduction occurs when two tectonic plates converge, and the denser of the two plates is pushed beneath the other plate. Volcanism will be present at the leading edge of the top plate. When a continental plate and oceanic plate converge, the denser oceanic plate is subducted. The descending plate is heated by pressure and Earth's geothermal gradient. This leads to the formation of magma. The magma rises to the surface, and a belt of composite volcanoes forms. Organize It!

32 Volcanoes Answer Key Watch It! Task Card #2: Hundreds of years ago scientists used to believe that volcanoes were burning mountains of fire, but today we know they are vents that open to the interior of the planet. Task Card #3: Most volcanoes are found on or near plate boundaries because one tectonic plate is either converging or diverging away from each other and volcanoes are created. During subduction magma is produced and surfaces at weak points in the tectonic plate. Task Card #4: A composite volcano has massive, sudden, and explosive eruptions. Shield volcanoes are constantly erupting and are much more gentle with their eruptions.