16. Metamorphic Rocks II (p )

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "16. Metamorphic Rocks II (p )"

Transcription

1 16. Metamorphic Rocks II (p ) Causes of Metamorphism The two main processes that occur within a rock during metamorphism are: : physical processes like squeezing and crushing - caused by strong forces (causes a ) : changes in mineral chemistry / growth of new minerals from old ones. Can these two processes occur together at the same time? YES or NO The six main driving mechanisms (types of metamorphism) for the above metamorphic processes are: (aka metamorphism) (aka metamorphism) along fault zones 1. Contact or Thermal Metamorphism Contact metamorphism occurs around an. The heat of the intrusion radiates out and metamorphoses the rocks in contact with the intrusion, called host rocks or. The region of metamorphosed rock around an intrusion is called an. Contact metamorphism occurs around all types of igneous intrusions, regardless of their size. Examples: Effect of intrusion size: The larger the intrusion, the wider the zone of metamorphism around the intrusion. Batholiths can metamorphose rocks over a distance of away from the batholith. Dikes and sills may only have aureoles wide. What other three factors may influence the size of an aureole?

2 Which type of magma produces the widest aureoles, and why? Type: Reason: Temperature is more of a factor than pressure around an intrusion. So which type of metamorphic process is most commonly associated with contact metamorphism? So contact metamorphosed rocks usually don't have a foliation. Typical metamorphic rock type produced: 2. Hydrothermal Metamorphism Many of the hot fluids, or, coming off of a magma intrusion can cause changes in the minerals in the surrounding rocks. This is called hydrothermal alteration. This type of metamorphism, driven by fluids, is also called. Environment where metasomatism commonly occurs: Types of minerals that form here due to hydrothermal alteration:,, and Hydrothermal fluids may also carry metallic ions that precipitate valuable ore minerals in the rocks around the intrusion. What are nine examples of these ore minerals? Regional Metamorphism How large of an area may be affected by regional metamorphism? Regional metamorphism occurs at convergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates collide. What are two characteristics of these types of locations? The resultant metamorphic rocks form the deep cores of the mountains (e.g., the ). The rocks are highly deformed and foliated, which tells us that strong forces must have been involved in their creation. 2

3 So which type of metamorphic process is most commonly associated with regional metamorphism? What types of metamorphic rocks are associated with regional metamorphism? 4. Burial Metamorphism Burial metamorphism occurs in regions where a lot of sedimentary rocks get piled on top of each other inside a so-called. The rocks get buried deeper and deeper under the weight of the rocks on top. These basins can extend down to depths of km. Initially the sediment undergoes diagenesis, turning the sediment into rock. Then, when the rocks get buried to depths where the temperature exceeds C, burial metamorphism begins. Typically, the metamorphic rocks so produced do not exhibit a foliation. So which type of metamorphic process is most commonly associated with burial metamorphism? mechanical deformation or mineral recrystallization? 5. Dynamic Metamorphism in Fault Zones What does dynamic mean? This type of metamorphism results predominantly from large differential stresses within narrow zones of deformation in the crust called fault zones or. Near the surface, the deformation in fault zones is brittle and results in a highly fragmented rock called fault breccia. Deeper down, where temperatures are higher, minerals recrystallize and get aligned parallel to each other, producing a noticeable foliation. The type of fault rock produced is called. What minerals are common in these rocks? and. Based on the strongly foliated rocks, which type of metamorphic process is most commonly associated with dynamic metamorphism? 6. Impact or Shock Metamorphism This type of metamorphism is produced by the instantaneous spike in heat and pressure caused by the collision of a rapidly moving projectile with the Earth. These projectiles are called. The types of impact-produced rocks that are created are called. 3

4 Mineral Assemblages and Metamorphic Grade What are the three grades of metamorphism?, and Where contact metamorphism occurs around an igneous intrusion, the grade of metamorphism as you get further and further away from the intrusion. This makes sense because the rock temperature gradually gets less and less further away from the intrusion so the metamorphic grade must decrease. We see this change in metamorphic grade by the different combinations of metamorphic minerals present in the rocks. Any particular combination of minerals is called a: At different distances from an intrusion, different combinations of minerals can be seen, even though the original rock was the same at each point before metamorphism began. Each mineral assemblage is characteristic of specific metamorphic conditions (grades). Are the types of minerals that occur in each assemblage dependent on the type of rock being metamorphosed? YES or NO? Geologists have studied metamorphic rocks in great detail and have determined that specific assemblages of minerals occur consistently when any particular rock type gets metamorphosed. These mineral combinations are called: Example: if a clay-rich rock (e.g., shale) gets metamorphosed, the resultant rock contains the minerals muscovite and chlorite. What do these minerals indicate about the grade of metamorphism? (choose one) If muscovite and chlorite start to turn into the mineral biotite, what is the grade of metamorphism? (choose one) If we have a metamorphosed clay-rich rock that contains the minerals garnet, staurolite, or sillimanite, what is the grade of metamorphism? (choose one) For the same original rock type (like shale), the index minerals are always the same for a particular metamorphic grade. This is why mineral assemblages in metamorphic rocks can tell us so much about the conditions of metamorphism. 4

5 Do we see the same index minerals as in clay-rich rocks when we progressively metamorphose basalt to higher and higher metamorphic grades? YES or NO? We know exactly which mineral assemblages result from the metamorphism of specific rock types, so we can always determine the grade of metamorphism by identifying the index minerals present in the rock. What do we call lines on a geologic map that show the boundaries between the locations of different grades of metamorphic rocks with different mineral assemblages? Pressure and Temperature Ranges of Metamorphic Conditions The full range of temperature and pressure conditions that control the grade of metamorphism for any rock type can be divided up into a number of smaller divisions of discrete T and P ranges called. Metamorphic facies are just a more refined way of looking at metamorphic grade. FINAL QUESTION: What are the different types of metamorphic facies? 5

Factors cause Metamorphism:

Factors cause Metamorphism: Metamorphic Rocks: A rock whose original mineralogy, texture and/or composition has changed due to pressure, temperature and/or fluids. It can be formed from igneous, sedimentary, or previously metamorphosed

More information

Metamorphism: summary in haiku form

Metamorphism: summary in haiku form Metamorphism & Metamorphic Rocks Earth, Chapter 8 Metamorphism: summary in haiku form Shape-shifters in crust. Just add heat and/or pressure. Keep it solid please! What Is Metamorphism? Metamorphism means

More information

Types of Metamorphism!

Types of Metamorphism! Types of Metamorphism! The Types of Metamorphism 2 different approaches to classification 1. Based on principal process or agent Dynamic Metamorphism Thermal Metamorphism Dynamo-thermal Metamorphism The

More information

Lecture 5 Sedimentary rocks Recap+ continued. and Metamorphic rocks!

Lecture 5 Sedimentary rocks Recap+ continued. and Metamorphic rocks! Lecture 5 Sedimentary rocks Recap+ continued and Metamorphic rocks! Metamorphism Process that leads to changes in: Mineralogy Texture Sometimes chemical composition Metamorphic rocks are produced from

More information

Introduction. Introduction. Introduction 10/15/2014. The Agents of Metamorphism. Metamorphism. and Metamorphic Rocks

Introduction. Introduction. Introduction 10/15/2014. The Agents of Metamorphism. Metamorphism. and Metamorphic Rocks Introduction Metamorphism The transformation of rocks, usually beneath Earth's surface, as the result of heat, pressure, and/or fluid activity, produces metamorphic rocks Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

More information

Chapter 8 Lecture. Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology. Twelfth Edition. Metamorphism. Rocks. Tarbuck and Lutgens Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 8 Lecture. Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology. Twelfth Edition. Metamorphism. Rocks. Tarbuck and Lutgens Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 8 Lecture Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology Twelfth Edition Metamorphism and dmetamorphic Rocks Tarbuck and Lutgens Chapter 8 Metamorphic Rocks What Is Metamorphism? Metamorphism means

More information

Chapter 8 10/19/2012. Introduction. Metamorphism. and Metamorphic Rocks. Introduction. Introduction. The Agents of Metamorphism

Chapter 8 10/19/2012. Introduction. Metamorphism. and Metamorphic Rocks. Introduction. Introduction. The Agents of Metamorphism Chapter 8 Metamorphism Introduction Metamorphism - The transformation of rocks, usually beneath Earth's surface, as the result of heat, pressure, and/or fluid activity, produces metamorphic rocks During

More information

Introduction. Introduction. Chapter 7. Important Points: Metamorphism is driven by Earth s s internal heat

Introduction. Introduction. Chapter 7. Important Points: Metamorphism is driven by Earth s s internal heat Chapter 7 Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Introduction Metamorphism - The transformation of rocks, usually beneath Earth's surface, as the result of heat, pressure, and/or fluid activity, produces metamorphic

More information

Metamorphic Rocks. SWHS Geology

Metamorphic Rocks. SWHS Geology Metamorphic Rocks SWHS Geology What are they? From the greek roots meta (change) and morphos (form): Rocks that have been changed in form from the temperature, pressure, and fluids inside the earth. A

More information

Big Island Field Trip

Big Island Field Trip Big Island Field Trip Space Still Available Group Airline Tickets May be available if enough people sign on If interested send email to Greg Ravizza Planning Meeting Next Week Will

More information

"When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed into a monstrous bug. Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka

When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed into a monstrous bug. Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka Metamorphosis "When Gregor Samsa woke up one morning from unsettling dreams, he found himself changed into a monstrous bug. Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka Metamorphism The transformation of rock by temperature

More information

Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Banded Iron Formation

Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Banded Iron Formation Rocks and the Rock Cycle Banded Iron Formation Rocks Big rocks into pebbles, Pebbles into sand. I really hold a million, million Rocks here in my hand. Florence Parry Heide How do rocks change? How are

More information

Metamorphic Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks: Big Ideas

Metamorphic Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks: Big Ideas Metamorphic Rocks: Big Ideas Earth scientists use the structure, sequence, and properties of rocks to reconstruct events in Earth s history Earth s systems continually react to changing influences from

More information

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Earth - Chapter Pearson Education, Inc.

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Earth - Chapter Pearson Education, Inc. Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Earth - Chapter 8 Metamorphism Transition of one rock into another by temperatures and/or pressures unlike those in which it formed Metamorphic rocks are produced from:

More information

Understanding Earth Fifth Edition

Understanding Earth Fifth Edition Understanding Earth Fifth Edition Grotzinger Jordan Press Siever Chapter 6: METAMORPHISM Modification of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure Lecturer: H Mohammadzadeh Assistant professors, Department of

More information

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Page 1 of 13 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks This page last updated on 25-Sep-2017 Definition of Metamorphism The word "Metamorphism"

More information

Metamorphism / Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphism / Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphism / Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphism: occurs when rocks are subjected to heat, pressure, and/or other environmental conditions - The rock remains a solid during this time period - Why Should You

More information

Metamorphism: A Process of Change

Metamorphism: A Process of Change Metamorphism: A Process of Change Updated by: Rick Oches, Professor of Geology & Environmental Sciences Bentley University Waltham, Massachusetts Based on slides prepared by: Ronald L. Parker, Senior Geologist

More information

Metamorphic Rocks. Metamorphic rocks. Formed by heat, pressure and fluid activity

Metamorphic Rocks. Metamorphic rocks. Formed by heat, pressure and fluid activity Metamorphic Rocks Most figures and tables contained here are from course text: Understanding Earth Fourth Edition by Frank Press, Raymond Siever, John Grotzinger, and Thomas H. Jordan Metamorphic rocks

More information

READING QUESTIONS: Metamorphic Rocks GEOL /WI 47 pts. 3. Define metamorphic grade.(2 pts)

READING QUESTIONS: Metamorphic Rocks GEOL /WI 47 pts. 3. Define metamorphic grade.(2 pts) READING QUESTIONS: Metamorphic Rocks GEOL 131 18/WI 47 pts NAME DUE: Tuesday, February 6 What is Metamorphism? (p. 102-103) 1. What is meant by the statement Every metamorphic rock has a parent rock? (2

More information

Metamorphism (means changed form

Metamorphism (means changed form Metamorphism (means changed form) is recrystallization without melting of a previously existing rock at depth in response to a change in the environment of temperature, pressure, and fluids. Common minerals

More information

Lab 6 - Identification of Metamorphic Rocks

Lab 6 - Identification of Metamorphic Rocks Lab 6 - Identification of Metamorphic Rocks Page - Introduction Metamorphic rocks are the third great rock group. The term meta means to change and morph means form. Metamorphic rocks are rocks who have

More information

CHAPTER 3.3: METAMORPHIC ROCKS

CHAPTER 3.3: METAMORPHIC ROCKS CHAPTER 3.3: METAMORPHIC ROCKS Introduction Metamorphism - the process of changes in texture and mineralogy of pre-existing rock due to changes in temperature and/or pressure. Metamorphic means change

More information

Engineering Geology ECIV 3302

Engineering Geology ECIV 3302 Engineering Geology ECIV 3302 Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2019-2018 Chapter (7) Metamorphic Rocks Chapter 7 Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphism The transition of one rock into another by temperatures

More information

Chapter 7 Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks

Chapter 7 Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks Chapter 7 Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Metamorphism What happens to rocks that are

More information

Some Slides Lack Permission for Reproduction. These Slides must be deleted before posting as html or pdf! Metamorphic Rocks. GEOL 101 Lecture

Some Slides Lack Permission for Reproduction. These Slides must be deleted before posting as html or pdf! Metamorphic Rocks. GEOL 101 Lecture Some Slides Lack Permission for Reproduction. These Slides must be deleted before posting as html or pdf! Metamorphic Rocks GEOL 101 Lecture 9 2006 JS Kite WVU What is story behind this rock? Test 1 Results

More information

Chapter 7 Metamorphism: A Process of Change

Chapter 7 Metamorphism: A Process of Change Chapter 7 Metamorphism: A Process of Change Metamorphism: A Process of Change Updated by: Rick Oches, Professor of Geology & Environmental Sciences Bentley University Waltham, Massachusetts Based on slides

More information

Metamorphism & Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphism & Metamorphic Rocks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 & Metamorphic Rocks Earth 9 th edition, Chapter 8 Mass wasting: summary in haiku form Shape-shifters in crust. Just add heat and/or pressure. Keep it solid please! Key Concepts

More information

Lesson Seven: Metamorphic Rocks

Lesson Seven: Metamorphic Rocks Name: Date: GEOL1 Physical Geology Laboratory Manual College of the Redwoods Lesson Seven: Metamorphic Rocks Background Reading: Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic Rocks These are rocks that have been changed

More information

Chapter 21: Metamorphism. Fresh basalt and weathered basalt

Chapter 21: Metamorphism. Fresh basalt and weathered basalt Chapter 21: Metamorphism Fresh basalt and weathered basalt Chapter 21: Metamorphism The IUGS-SCMR proposed this definition: Metamorphism is a subsolidus process leading to changes in mineralogy and/or

More information

GEOL Introductory Geology: Exploring Planet Earth Fall 2010 Test #2 October 18, 2010

GEOL Introductory Geology: Exploring Planet Earth Fall 2010 Test #2 October 18, 2010 GEOL 101 - Introductory Geology: Exploring Planet Earth Fall 2010 Test #2 October 18, 2010 Name KEY ID# KEY Multiple choice questions (2 points each). 1. What type of metamorphic rock is formed over large

More information

GY111 Earth Materials Practice Final Exam

GY111 Earth Materials Practice Final Exam I. True/False Questions: circle a T for true or F for false (10% total -or- 0.5 per) 1. (T F) The Uranium used in nuclear power plants may explode if not controlled properly. 2. (T F) Natural Gas is an

More information

Chemical Systems. Introduction to Metamorphism. Definition of Metamorphism. Lower Limit of Metamorphism. Upper Limit of Metamorphism

Chemical Systems. Introduction to Metamorphism. Definition of Metamorphism. Lower Limit of Metamorphism. Upper Limit of Metamorphism Chemical Systems Introduction to Metamorphism Reading: Winter Chapter 21! An assemblage of coexisting phases (thermodynamic equilibrium and the phase rule) A basaltic composition can be either: Melt Cpx

More information

Lab: Metamorphism: minerals, rocks and plate tectonics!

Lab: Metamorphism: minerals, rocks and plate tectonics! Introduction The Earth s crust is in a constant state of change. For example, plutonic igneous rocks are exposed at the surface through uplift and erosion. Many minerals within igneous rocks are unstable

More information

Metamorphism and metamorphic rocks. GEOL115 Alexander Lusk

Metamorphism and metamorphic rocks. GEOL115 Alexander Lusk Metamorphism and metamorphic rocks GEOL115 Alexander Lusk Outline: Metamorphic rocks Defini>on and major types of metamorphism Rock cycle Metamorphic processes Deforma>on and development of a folia>on/

More information

Prof. Tejas S Patil Dept Of Geology M.J.College.

Prof. Tejas S Patil Dept Of Geology M.J.College. Prof. Tejas S Patil Dept Of Geology M.J.College. Metamorphic rocks When rocks are baked by heat of molten magma or squeezed by the movements of huge tectonic plates or by the pressure of overlying thick

More information

METAMORPHIC ROCKS CHAPTER 8

METAMORPHIC ROCKS CHAPTER 8 Lecture 6 October 18, 20, 23 October 19, 24 METAMORPHIC ROCKS CHAPTER 8 This is only an outline of the lecture. You will need to go to class to fill in the outline, although much of the relevant information

More information

Metamorphic Energy Flow. Categories of Metamorphism. Inherited Protolith Character. Inherited Fabric. Chemical Composition

Metamorphic Energy Flow. Categories of Metamorphism. Inherited Protolith Character. Inherited Fabric. Chemical Composition Metamorphic Energy Flow Categories of Metamorphism Best, Chapter 10 Metamorphic processes are endothermic They absorb heat and mechanical energy Absorption of heat in orogenic belts Causes growth of mineral

More information

Lab 6: Metamorphic Rocks

Lab 6: Metamorphic Rocks Introduction The Earth s crust is in a constant state of change. For example, plutonic igneous rocks are exposed at the surface through uplift and erosion. Many minerals within igneous rocks are unstable

More information

GY 111 Lecture Notes Intro to Metamorphism

GY 111 Lecture Notes Intro to Metamorphism GY 111 Lecture Notes D. Haywick (2008-09) 1 Lecture Goals: A) Agents of Metamorphism B) Types of metamorphism C) Hydrothermal fluids GY 111 Lecture Notes Intro to Metamorphism Reference: Press et al.,

More information

Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks

Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks Earth Science Chapter 6 Rocks I. Rocks and the Rock Cycle * Material that makes up the solid part of the Earth. * Made of a variety of different combinations of minerals and organic matter. A. Three Major

More information

Hafeet mountain. Rocks

Hafeet mountain. Rocks Hafeet mountain Rocks There are several steps that lead to form the rocks Weathering Erosion Deposition Heat and pressure Weathering Ice (expand inside the rock fractures) Plants (grows through fractures

More information

EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology METAMORPHIC ROCKS LAB 8 HANDOUT

EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology METAMORPHIC ROCKS LAB 8 HANDOUT Sources: Caltech, Cornell, UCSC, TAMIU Introduction EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology METAMORPHIC ROCKS LAB 8 HANDOUT Metamorphism is the process by which physical and chemical changes in a

More information

GY111 Earth Materials Practice Final Exam

GY111 Earth Materials Practice Final Exam I. True/False Questions: circle a T for true or F for false (10% total -or- 0.5 per) (Correct answer in red) 1. (T F) The Uranium used in nuclear power plants may explode if not controlled properly. 2.

More information

NAME HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #3 MATERIAL COVERS CHAPTERS 8, 9, 10, 11

NAME HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #3 MATERIAL COVERS CHAPTERS 8, 9, 10, 11 NAME HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #3 MATERIAL OVERS HAPTERS 8, 9, 10, 11 Assignment is due the beginning of the class period on November 23, 2004. Answers for each chapter will be discussed in class, as Exam #3

More information

Metamorphic Environments. Contact (or thermal) Hydrothermal Burial Regional Shock (impact) Fault Zone

Metamorphic Environments. Contact (or thermal) Hydrothermal Burial Regional Shock (impact) Fault Zone Metamorphic Environments Contact (or thermal) Hydrothermal Burial Regional Shock (impact) Fault Zone Contact Metamorphism Contact or thermal metamorphism occurs when an intrusive magma heats the surrounding

More information

2. An electron is the smallest unit of matter that retains the characteristics of an element. a. True

2. An electron is the smallest unit of matter that retains the characteristics of an element. a. True / False 1. Minerals are made of rocks. False Introduction 2. An electron is the smallest unit of matter that retains the characteristics of an element. False 3. A proton is a positively charged particle

More information

Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification

Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification Geology Laboratory GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/index.html http://earthsci.org/education/teacher/basicgeol/meta/meta.html

More information

Introduction to Prospecting. Session Two Geology

Introduction to Prospecting. Session Two Geology Introduction to Prospecting Session Two Geology The Earth Earth is 4.6 billion years old (Ba). Bacteria & algae +3.5 Ba. Microscopic animals ~2 Ba. Animals ~600 million years (Ma) old. Mankind about 100,000

More information

Introduction to Geology Spring 2008

Introduction to Geology Spring 2008 MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 12.001 Introduction to Geology Spring 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. Regional metamorphism

More information

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks

Rocks. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. 3.1 The Rock Cycle. The Rock Cycle. I. Rocks Rocks Tarbuck Lutgens 3.1 The Rock Cycle 3.1 The Rock Cycle I. Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks 1. Igneous rock

More information

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE

Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 3 Rocks 3.1 The Rock Cycle Rocks Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. Types of Rocks

More information

Chapter 4 Rocks & Igneous Rocks

Chapter 4 Rocks & Igneous Rocks Chapter 4 Rocks & Igneous Rocks Rock Definition A naturally occurring consolidated mixture of one or more minerals e.g, marble, granite, sandstone, limestone Rock Definition Must naturally occur in nature,

More information

Metamorphic Petrology. Jen Parks ESC 310, x6999

Metamorphic Petrology. Jen Parks ESC 310, x6999 Metamorphic Petrology Jen Parks ESC 310, x6999 jeparks@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca Definition of Metamorphism The IUGS-SCMR SCMR definition of metamorphism: Metamorphism is a subsolidus process leading to changes

More information

Grade 7 Science Revision Sheet for third term final exam

Grade 7 Science Revision Sheet for third term final exam Grade 7 Science Revision Sheet for third term final exam Material for the final exam : 1- Chapter 4 sections 1+2+3+4 [rock cycle + igneous rocks + sedimentary rocks + metamorphic rocks ] pages from the

More information

Chapter 10. Chapter Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Rocks. Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Chapter 10. Chapter Rocks and the Rock Cycle. Rocks. Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle Chapter 10 Rocks 1 Chapter 10 Section 1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle 2 10.1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle Magma is the parent material for all rocks. Once the magma cools and hardens, many changes can occur. Geology:

More information

Topics that will be discussed

Topics that will be discussed Topics that will be discussed The Rock Cycle Igneous Rock Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock The Rock Cycle -Rocks The parent material for all rocks is MAGMA. What is MAGMA? -Rock forming Minerals Are:

More information

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure CHAPTER 6 Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure Chapter Summary Metamorphism is the alteration in the solid state of preexisting rocks, including older metamorphic rocks. Increases

More information

Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification

Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification Metamorphic Rock Origin and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 101 Lab Ray Rector - Instructor http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/index.html http://earthsci.org/education/teacher/basicgeol/meta/meta.html

More information

Name: Date: Use the following to answer question 2.

Name: Date: Use the following to answer question 2. Name: Date: 1. Which of the following statements regarding the scientific method is false? A) A hypothesis must be agreed upon by more than one scientist. B) A theory is a hypothesis that has withstood

More information

Sedimentary Rocks Most common SURFACE rock

Sedimentary Rocks Most common SURFACE rock Sedimentary Rocks Most common SURFACE rock Formation of Sedimentary Rocks (Sediments are pressed & cemented together) Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition Erosion involves the weathering and the removal

More information

Rocks & Minerals. Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? What is a mineral?

Rocks & Minerals. Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? What is a mineral? Rocks & Minerals What is a mineral? A mineral must have 5 specific characteristics to be considered a mineral a. b. c. d. e. Naturally occurring - formed by natural processes. Solid - must have a definite

More information

Name Class Date. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test. Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided.

Name Class Date. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test. Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. Chapter 3 Rocks Chapter Test Multiple Choice Write the letter that best answers the question or completes the statement on the line provided. 1. Which of the following is true about rocks? a. Rocks are

More information

What Is Metamorphism?

What Is Metamorphism? What Is Metamorphism? Metamorphic Rocks Introduction Recall from the discussion of the rock cycle that metamorphism is the transformation of one rock type into another. Metamorphic rocks are produced from

More information

5/1/2017. Why Study Metamorphism? The Limits of Metamorphism. Low-temperature limit grades into diagenesis. Intro. to Metamorphism

5/1/2017. Why Study Metamorphism? The Limits of Metamorphism. Low-temperature limit grades into diagenesis. Intro. to Metamorphism Intro. to Metamorphism 1 Why Study Metamorphism? 2 Why study metamorphism Metamorphic agents & processes Versus igneous & sedimentary processes Interpretation of the conditions and evolution of metamorphic

More information

Section 5. Rock Units and Your Community. What Do You See? Think About It. Investigate. Learning Outcomes

Section 5. Rock Units and Your Community. What Do You See? Think About It. Investigate. Learning Outcomes Chapter 3 Minerals, Rocks, and Structures Section 5 Rock Units and Your Community What Do You See? Learning Outcomes In this section, you will Recognize that rocks are arranged in Earth s crust as well-defined

More information

Rock Cycle and Rock Types Homework

Rock Cycle and Rock Types Homework Rock Cycle and Rock Types Homework Completion Complete each statement. 1. A(n) is a solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally. 2. Rocks are generally classified as igneous,, or

More information

NOTE OUTLINE : Chap 5 & 6: Rocks

NOTE OUTLINE : Chap 5 & 6: Rocks Name Period NOTE OUTLINE : Chap 5 & 6: Rocks Objectives 1. Identify and explain characteristics of igneous rocks. This means that if I am given an igneous rock I: a. Can use grain size to identify a rock

More information

EENS 2120 Petrology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson. Types of Metamorphism

EENS 2120 Petrology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson. Types of Metamorphism Page 1 of 7 EENS 2120 Petrology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Types of Metamorphism This document last updated on 12-Apr-2018 Metamorphism is defined as follows: The mineralogical and structural adjustment of

More information

Chapter 21: Metamorphism. Fresh basalt and weathered basalt

Chapter 21: Metamorphism. Fresh basalt and weathered basalt Chapter 21: Metamorphism Fresh basalt and weathered basalt 1 Chapter 21: Metamorphism Metamorphism: Meaning change of form in Greek (meta morph) 2 Chapter 21: Metamorphism The IUGS-SCMR proposed this definition:

More information

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1

Practice Test Rocks and Minerals. Name. Page 1 Name Practice Test Rocks and Minerals 1. Which rock would be the best source of the mineral garnet? A) basalt B) limestone C) schist D) slate 2. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite

More information

Petrology Session 2. Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Petrology Session 2. Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure Petrology Session 2 Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure About Metamorphism Changes in heat, pressure, and the chemical environment of rocks can alter mineral compositions and

More information

I m good. Thank you.

I m good. Thank you. I m good. Thank you. The Rock Cycle Ag Earth Science Chapter 3.1 A natural occurring, inorganic crystalline material with a unique chemical composition. mineral A consolidated mixture of minerals rock

More information

iclicker assignments pick yours up 001 Abreu 003 Agena 004 Albert 006 Araki 091 Atiburcio 008 Buck 082 Byce 011 Clements 012 Colle

iclicker assignments pick yours up 001 Abreu 003 Agena 004 Albert 006 Araki 091 Atiburcio 008 Buck 082 Byce 011 Clements 012 Colle iclicker assignments pick yours up 001 Abreu 003 Agena 004 Albert 006 Araki 091 Atiburcio 008 Buck 082 Byce 011 Clements 012 Colle 013 Comilla 014 Cuadrado 015 Dang 016 Duncan 080 Fujihara 018 Ganther

More information

Engineering Geology. Metamorphic Rocks. Hussien Al - deeky

Engineering Geology. Metamorphic Rocks. Hussien Al - deeky Metamorphic Rocks Hussien Al - deeky 1 Definition Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith (parent rock), in a process called metamorphism, which means

More information

ד"ר חנן גינת ד"ר ירון פינצי

דר חנן גינת דר ירון פינצי Geology The rock cycle Earth materials and their stories Experiments in the lab and working with rock kits (in school) Plate Tectonics The Dynamic Earth The story of fossils The Geological History of the

More information

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures

2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures CHAPTER 4 2 Igneous Rock SECTION Rocks: Mineral Mixtures BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture

More information

October 5, Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: Homework: ES.9 Metamorphic Rocks

October 5, Do Now 2. Class Notes 3. Guided Practice 4. Independent Practice 5. Practicing our AIMS: Homework: ES.9 Metamorphic Rocks October 5, 2016 Aims: SWBAT describe the formation of metamorphic rocks. SWBAT use the composition of a metamorphic rock to identify the rock and to infer its history of formation. Agenda 1. Do Now 2.

More information

Which rock is shown? A) slate B) dunite C) gneiss D) quartzite

Which rock is shown? A) slate B) dunite C) gneiss D) quartzite 1. Which metamorphic rock will have visible mica crystals and a foliated texture? A) marble B) quartzite C) schist D) slate 2. The recrystallization of unmelted material under high temperature and pressure

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) About 1.2 to 1.0 billion years ago, Canada had a mountain range the size of the modern

More information

Chapter Test C. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures MULTIPLE CHOICE

Chapter Test C. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures MULTIPLE CHOICE Assessment Chapter Test C Rocks: Mineral Mixtures MULTIPLE CHOICE Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 1. Which rock was used to construct the pyramids at Giza? a. granite RCKs2 b. marble

More information

Standard 2, Objective 1: Evaluate the source of Earth s internal heat and the evidence of Earth s internal structure.

Standard 2, Objective 1: Evaluate the source of Earth s internal heat and the evidence of Earth s internal structure. Standard 2: Students will understand Earth s internal structure and the dynamic nature of the tectonic plates that form its surface. Standard 2, Objective 1: Evaluate the source of Earth s internal heat

More information

Unit 3 Lesson 2 The Rock Cycle. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 2 The Rock Cycle. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Let s Rock! What is rock? Rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals that may also include organic matter. Most rock is made of minerals, but some rock is made of nonmineral material

More information

Rocks: Stony Stalwarts: Adapted from:

Rocks: Stony Stalwarts: Adapted from: Rocks: Stony Stalwarts: Adapted from: http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/inside-the-earth/rocks-article/ Rocks are so common that most of us take them for granted cursing when we hit them

More information

Igneous Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks. Metamorphic Rocks Name: Date: Igneous Rocks Igneous rocks form from the solidification of magma either below (intrusive igneous rocks) or above (extrusive igneous rocks) the Earth s surface. For example, the igneous rock

More information

Unit 3 Lesson 2 The Rock Cycle. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 2 The Rock Cycle. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 2 The Rock Cycle What are minerals? A mineral is a naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a defininite crystalline structure and chemical composition. Naturally occuring =

More information

GEOL FORENSIC GEOLOGY ROCK IDENTIFICATION

GEOL FORENSIC GEOLOGY ROCK IDENTIFICATION GEOL.2150 - FORENSIC GEOLOGY ROCK IDENTIFICATION Name I. Introduction There are three basic types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic: Igneous. Igneous rocks have solidified from molten matter

More information

As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? A) A B) B C) C D) D

As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? A) A B) B C) C D) D 1. A student obtains a cup of quartz sand from a beach. A saltwater solution is poured into the sand and allowed to evaporate. The mineral residue from the saltwater solution cements the sand grains together,

More information

General Geology Lab #7: Geologic Time & Relative Dating

General Geology Lab #7: Geologic Time & Relative Dating General Geology 89.101 Name: General Geology Lab #7: Geologic Time & Relative Dating Purpose: To use relative dating techniques to interpret geological cross sections. Procedure: Today we will be interpreting

More information

Section 10.1 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions This section discusses volcanic eruptions, types of volcanoes, and other volcanic landforms.

Section 10.1 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions This section discusses volcanic eruptions, types of volcanoes, and other volcanic landforms. Chapter 10 Section 10.1 The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions This section discusses volcanic eruptions, types of volcanoes, and other volcanic landforms. Reading Strategy Previewing Before you read the section,

More information

Lecture 2: Causes of metamorphism

Lecture 2: Causes of metamorphism Lecture 2: Causes of metamorphism Metamorphism refers to a suite of processes that change the mineralogy, composition and texture of pre-existing materials this is a broad definition and certain industrial

More information

Rocks are made from Minerals

Rocks are made from Minerals Rocks and Minerals Rocks are made from Minerals Rocks are nothing more than a mixture of different mineral crystals. ***All three minerals are combined in a Granite rock Granite Quartz + Biotite + Feldspar

More information

Directed Reading. Section: Rocks and the Rock Cycle. made of a. inorganic matter. b. solid organic matter. c. liquid organic matter. d. chemicals.

Directed Reading. Section: Rocks and the Rock Cycle. made of a. inorganic matter. b. solid organic matter. c. liquid organic matter. d. chemicals. Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: Rocks and the Rock Cycle 1. The solid part of Earth is made up of material called a. glacial ice. b. lava. c. rock. d. wood. 2. Rock can be a collection of one

More information

How many of these words can you explain?

How many of these words can you explain? How many of these words can you explain? Students will Define metamorphic rocks, Describe how they are classified, and give several examples; Describe the factors that influence the composition and texture

More information

Definition: Metamorphic rocks: Remember the Rock Cycle

Definition: Metamorphic rocks: Remember the Rock Cycle Remember the Rock Cycle Metamorphic rocks: What is metamorphism? think Baking (+ Pressure) Firing clay in a kiln to make pottery Sintering clay and sand to make bricks Definition: Metamorphism = changes

More information

Chapter 10: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity Section 1: The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions I. Factors Affecting Eruptions Group # Main Idea:

Chapter 10: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity Section 1: The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions I. Factors Affecting Eruptions Group # Main Idea: Chapter 10: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity Section 1: The Nature of Volcanic Eruptions I. Factors Affecting Eruptions Group # A. Viscosity Group # B. Dissolved Gases Group # II. Volcanic Material

More information

Explain how metamorphic rock structures are related to deformation.

Explain how metamorphic rock structures are related to deformation. 4 Overview This section examines what happens when rock metamorphoses. Changes in heat or pressure can alter a rock s chemical nature and physical structure. Students will learn how different types of

More information

Laboratory 6. Metamorphic Rocks

Laboratory 6. Metamorphic Rocks Laboratory 6. Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture (distinct arrangement of minerals) in pre-existing rocks (protoliths), without the protolith melting into liquid

More information

TEACHER BACKGROUND KNOWEDGE. Minerals, Rocks and the Rock Cycle

TEACHER BACKGROUND KNOWEDGE. Minerals, Rocks and the Rock Cycle TEACHER BACKGROUND KNOWEDGE Minerals, Rocks and the Rock Cycle Core Concepts Rocks in the Earth s crust vary in their form and structure based on process that made them. The constant changing of the form

More information

ES Chap 5 & 6: Rocks

ES Chap 5 & 6: Rocks ES Chap 5 & 6: Rocks Objectives 1. Identify and explain characteristics of igneous rocks. This means that if I am given an igneous rock I: a. Can use grain size to identify a rock as intrusive, extrusive,

More information