1. Which mineral shows no cleavage, has a hardness of 7, and a composition of SiO2? A) Graphite B) Garnet C) Halite D) Quartz 2. Which mineral leaves

Transcription

1 1. Which mineral shows no cleavage, has a hardness of 7, and a composition of SiO2? A) Graphite B) Garnet C) Halite D) Quartz 2. Which mineral leaves a green-black powder when rubbed against an unglazed porcelain plate? A) galena B) graphite C) hematite D) pyrite 3. The mineral graphite is often used as A) a lubricant B) an abrasive C) a source of iron D) a cementing material 4. Which mineral has a metallic luster, a black streak, and is an ore of iron? A) galena B) magnetite C) pyroxene D) graphite 5. Which two minerals are commercial sources of iron? A) galena and graphite B) muscovite mica and biotite mica C) garnet and flourite D) hematite and magnetite 6. Which mineral bubbles when acid is placed on it? A) Calcite B) Pyroxene C) Potassium Feldspar D) Garnet 7. Which mineral is commonly used as a food additive? A) calcite B) talc C) halite D) fluorite 8. Which characteristic do samples of the mineral pyroxene normally exhibit? A) yellow to amber color B) bubbling in hydrochloric acid C) cleaves at 56 and 124 D) hardness of 5 to 6

2 9. Base your answer to the following question on the table below which provides information about the crystal sizes and the mineral compositions of four igneous rocks, A, B, C, and D. Which characteristic of rock B could be caused by the minerals pyroxene and olivine? A) green color B) felsic composition C) folded layers D) metallic luster 10. Which mineral is an ore of iron and has a characteristic reddish brown streak? A) magnetite B) pyrite C) hematite D) olivine 11. Which mineral has a greater hardness? A) Galena B) Olivine C) Garnet D) Biotite Mica 12. Which mineral has a hardness of 6, and shows cleavage? A) Olivine B) Talc C) Hematite D) Potassium Feldspar 13. The table below shows some properties of four different minerals. 14. The green sand found on some Hawaiian Island shorelines most probably consists primarily of A) quartz B) olivine C) plagioclase feldspar D) orthoclase feldspar The minerals listed in the table are varieties of which mineral? A) garnet B) magnetite C) quartz D) olivine

3 15. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below which shows the elements found in four minerals. Which mineral contains the greatest variety of elements? A) quartz B) olivine C) feldspar D) diamond 16. An unidentified mineral that is softer than calcite exhibits a metallic luster and cubic cleavage. This mineral most likely is A) galena B) pyrite C) halite D) pyroxene 17. Base your answer to the following question on the table below, which shows the characteristics of four different mineral samples. Which two mineral samples most likely have a similar internal arrangement of atoms? A) galena and quartz B) galena and halite C) gold and halite D) gold and galena 18. Which mineral is commonly mined as a source of the element lead (Pb)? A) galena B) quartz C) magnetite D) gypsum 19. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 20. Which of the following show cleavage in 2 directions at 90%? A) Pyrite B) Pyroxene C) Garnet D) Fluorite 21. Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage? A) calcite B) halite C) pyrite D) mica

4 22. A human fingernail has a hardness of approximately 2.5. Which two minerals are softer than a human fingernail? A) calcite and halite B) sulfur and fluorite C) graphite and talc D) pyrite and magnetite 23. The data table below gives characteristics of the gemstone peridot. Peridot is a form of the mineral A) pyrite B) pyroxene C) olivine D) garnet 24. Which mineral has a hardness of and makes a good electrical insulator? A) Pyroxene B) Biotite Mica C) Gypsum D) Magnetite 25. Which two minerals have cleavage planes at right angles? A) biotite mica and muscovite mica B) sulfur and amphibole C) quartz and calcite D) halite and pyroxene Base your answers to questions 26 and 27 on the information below. A student on a field trip in New York State collected a sample of metamorphic bedrock containing bands of coarse-grained crystals of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, quartz, and mica. 26. List two of the chemical elements found in plagioclase feldspar. 27. Describe two physical properties of pyroxene.

5 28. Base your answer to the following question on the passage and the map of South America below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Two South American Deserts South America is an excellent example of the influence that plate tectonic features have on climates. The Andes mountain range, formed by plate tectonics, is on the western edge of South America. When prevailing winds come from the southeast, which usually occurs between 0 and 30 S latitudes, rainfall is increased on the eastern side of the mountain range. The Atacama Desert lies in the rain shadow (dry area) to the west of the mountains. Farther south, the reverse pattern is found, due to different prevailing winds blowing between 30 S and 60 S latitudes. The Patagonian Desert lies on the eastern side of the Andes, between the Andes and the South Atlantic Ocean. Andesite makes up much of the volcanic rock of the Andes Mountains. Name three minerals that are commonly found in a single andesite rock.

6 29. Base your answer to the following question on the table below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The table shows the elements and their percent compositions by mass in the five minerals present in a rock sample. All five of the minerals listed in the table are silicate minerals because they contain the elements silicon and oxygen. State the name of one other mineral found on the "Properties of Common Minerals" chart that is a silicate mineral. 30. Base your answer to the following question on the photographs below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The photographs show eight common rock-forming minerals. Identify the mineral shown that can scratch all of the other minerals shown.