We Density/Porosity Versus Velocity of Overconsolidated Sands Derived from Experimental Compaction SUMMARY
|
|
- Roland Webb
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 We 6 Density/Porosity Versus Velocity of Overconsolidated Sands Derived from Experimental Compaction S. Narongsirikul* (University of Oslo), N.H. Mondol (University of Oslo and Norwegian Geotechnical Inst) & J. Jahren (University of Oslo) SUMMARY We present P- and S-wave velocities and density/porosity of seven natural sands experimentally mechanically compacted in various loading and unloading stages. The results show different velocitydensity/porosity relationships for overconsolidated stages compared to normally consolidated stages at the same stress level. We utilised different rock physics models to observe the data on velocity-density/ porosity and VP/Vs versus acoustic impedance crossplots. The velocity-porosity plot from overconsolidated sands plotted along the friable sand lines not only describe sorting deterioration but also differences in preconsolidation stresses. Well logs data from the Barents Sea show similar patterns to the measured data. The VP/VS versus acoustic impedance crossplot shows two additional trends (e.g. in the direction of reduced stress and increased precompaction stress). Fluid sensitivity is low in overconsolidated sands compared to normal consolidated sands as a function of increasing preconsolidation stress. These findings allow us better rock physics diagnostics of uplifted sediments and application of 4D seismic monitoring of uplifted basin like in the Basents Sea. 7 th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 1 London, UK, -1 June 1
2 Introduction Rock physics models have long been used for diagnosing rock and fluid properties (Avseth et al., Fawad et al. 11). For high porosity sandstones, the most common theoretical model used to describe the velocity-porosity relation is the friable sand model introduced by Dvorkin and Nur (1996). The model is used as a bound to describe how velocity and porosity change due to sorting. Most rock physics models were established from either experimental and/or field data assuming normal burial compaction. However, in many sedimentary basins the sediments have experienced both burial and uplift, and even reburial. This complex stress history affects the velocitydensity/porosity relationships in different ways as the rock is previously stressed to higher levels. In this study, we utilised some of the available rock physics models to describe relations between seismic velocities and rock physical properties of seven natural sands of varying textural and mineralogy compositions compacted mechanically at various loading, unloading and reloading stages. We also study how the fluid sensitivity is affected as the rock undergoes uplift and reburial. The outcomes allow us to predict the velocity-density/porosity relationships of sands in the mechanical compaction domain and to better understand how rocks and fluids affected by uplift like in the Barents Sea might behave during 4D seismic reservoir monitoring. Experimental procedure The seven brine-saturated natural sand samples with varying mineralogical composition and texture (Figure 1) were compacted in a triaxial cell setup at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI). Detail sample description can be found in Fawad et al. (11). We also included data from Zimmer et al. (7) for comparison. We allowed isotropically loading up to. MPa followed by uniaxial strain condition (K loading; the ratio between horizontal and vertical effective stresses) from. to MPa. At every,, and MPa effective stress, unloading and reloading cycles were applied to study the effects of preconsolidation in shallow overconsolidated but uncemented sandstones (Figure 1). Loading rates were kept constant at.7 MPa/hr during K consolidation. Creep were allowed and observed during the experiments. The deformations were continuously recorded during the loading and unloading cycles. The error in the vertical effective stress was ±. MPa (±.%). P- and S- wave velocities (V P and V S ) were measured using the pulse transmission technique. We recorded the V P and V S signals in steps of approximately every MPa. The velocities were calculated from absolute sample height changed at different target stress levels divided by the travelling times through the samples. The porosity and density were calculated using gravimetric analysis in which mass and volume of the sample were measured. Hence, the density can be calculated as a ratio between mass and volume changes. It is worth noting that since the sands were loose with well-connected pores, very little squirt affecting velocity dispersion was expected. Eff. Stress (MPa) Theoretical model Dvorkin and Nur (1996) introduced a friable sand model describing how the velocity-porosity changes as the sorting deteriorates for high porosity sands. The model is calculated using a combination of Hertz-Mindlin (HM) contact theory (Mindlin 1949) and modified Hashin- Shtrikman lower bound (196). Several studies show that HM theory overpredicts velocities Loading procedure when compared to measured data. In particular, Zimmer et al. (7) shows that HM theory vastly overpredicts shear moduli. For this reason, we utilised the shear and bulk moduli from the highest porosity dry sample (QA) used by Fawad et al. (11) to calculate the friable sand models. The models were used in velocity-porosity, velocity-density, and V P /V S - crossplots of the experimental mechanically compacted (normally loaded-unloaded-reloaded) sands. Results Ko-Consolidation Isotropic Loading path (Step number) Figure 1 (Top) Sample description. (Bottom) 7 th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 1 London, UK, -1 June 1
3 Figures and show V P and V S, respectively, plotted as functions of total porosity and effective stress of all seven sands. The data were superimposed on friable sand models calculated for different effective stress levels. The initial porosity ranges between - 44% for all sand samples. As the effective stress increases, the loss of porosity and velocity increase were observed. Two significant velocity-porosity trends were observed in which unloading-reloading (blue) reveals steeper trends compared to normal compaction (red). The way the velocity-porosity ranges differ between the samples are attributed to mineralogical differences and textural variations. In particular, the samples with low quartz and high ductile minerals content show high compressibility (e.g. SA, AA, and FG). Sub Arkose 4 4 Arkosic Arenite 4 4 Quartz Arenite Sub Arkose 1 Quartz Arenite Feldspartic Greywacke 4 4 Figure P-wave velocities versus total porosity of all seven sands (this study) and five sands from Zimmer et al. 7. See explanation in text. Figure S-wave velocities versus total porosity of all seven sands (this study) and five sands from Zimmer et al. 7. See explanation in text. The friable sand models calculated from the dry quartz-rich sand sample (Fawad et al. 11) at different stress levels fit reasonably well with the measured data for V P but overpredict the V S in some of the samples e.g. QA and Merrit. Sands overconsolidated to different stress levels plot on their Quartz Arenite Gulf of Mexico* 4 4 Pomponio* Santa Cruz aggregate* Merritt* Galveston* Eff. stress (MPa) * Data from Zimmer et al. 7 Sub Arkose Quartz Arenite Arkosic Arenite Feldspartic Greywacke Sub Arkose 1 Quartz Arenite Pomponio* Santa Cruz aggregate* Merritt* Galveston* 4 4 * Data from Zimmer et al Quartz Arenite 4 4 Gulf of Mexico* 4 4 Eff. stress (MPa) 7 th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 1 London, UK, -1 June 1
4 current effective stress friable sand model line. For example, at MPa (yellow points) the data move along the friable sand model to the left as the increases. This pattern is found for both V P and V S. Figure 4 shows data from sample SA as seen in Figure at MPa effective stresses for better visualization. We also observed this pattern in well logs from the Barents Sea (Figure ). Figure shows how V P versus density plot for sandstones with Vsh. in four wells. The observed depth ranges for the data between 7 - m BSF (below sea floor). The calculated friable sand models from the QA sample overpredict the measured well logs. However, we still can see that the data trend of all wells both normally compacted and uplifted plot on the same model line. The well with little or no uplift shows the lowest V P and density compared to the uplifted wells. We also observed that the data points move along the model line to the left as the magnitude of uplift/erosion increases. Discussion The friable sand model was introduced as a bound to observe velocity-porosity changes as sorting varies. The data move along the model line as the sorting deteriorate. This is normally associated with increasing clay content or additional grains of different sizes within the pore space. We also see this effect in our data. Figure 6 shows the same data Barents Sea. See explanation in text. as Figures and plotted together. The P- and S-wave velocities are plotted versus bulk density with color-coded by effective stress. Difference in data point size is a measure of quartz content. We see that at any observed effective stress, the data fall on the friable sand model lines and move to the left as the quartz content decreases (smaller data points move to the left). This means that the velocitydensity relation of the samples with low quartz content was influenced by other minerals such as feldspar and clays which resulted in poorer sorting. On the same model line, different loading paths 1 Friab.=MPa. Friab.=MPa...1. Bulk density (g/cm)..1. Bulk density (g/cm) Our data Zimmer et al Figure 6 P- and S-wave velocities versus density of all seven sands from this study and five sands from Our data Zimmer et al introduce additional ambiguity. The data move to the left along the model line as the or degree of uplift increases. In addition, newly deposited sediments fall along the friable sand model (unconsolidated line) and will move away from this line with increasing diagenesis (Avseth et al. ). In the reloaded sediments associating to uplift, the data move away from the unconsolidated towards the cement line when stress increases during normal compaction but move back towards the unconsolidated line on a different path during stress release. Figure 7 shows V P /V S plotted versus acoustic impedance () of QA. The first Zimmer et al. 7. See explanation in text. plot highlights two significant trends separating normally compacted from overconsolidated sediments. The other four plots show the same data but are color-coded by porosity, effectives stress, reduced stress (maximum minus current stress), and maximum. The data are superimposed on the rock physics template (RPT) (Avseth et al. ) calculated from the dry QA sample (Fawad et al. 11) using Gassmann equation (Gassmann, 191) substituted with water at various effective stresses. The data fit reasonable well with the model at low effective stress 1.9 Eff. stress (MPa) 4 4 Figure 4 P-wave velocity versus porosity of SA at MPa effective stresses. 71/8- Increasing 71/8-1 degree of uplift/erosion 71/8-.. ing-reloading with at;,, and MPa Normal compaction...1 Bulk density (g/cm) Sub Arkose Increase maximum 71/8-1 71/8-71/8- no uplift. Figure Well logs data from the 7 th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 1 London, UK, -1 June 1
5 but are rather conservative at higher stresses. The arrows show the trends corresponding to (1) increasing porosity, () decreasing effective stress, () increasing reduced stress (uplift), and (4) increasing maximum associated with maximum burial depth before uplift (Figure 7). The porosity and effective stress trends (1 and ) are similar to what are used for rock physics diagnostic. But we see that for overconsolidated sediments, two additional trends ( and 4) can be observed when plotting the data in RPT. Figure 7 versus of Quartz Arenite sample. See explanation in text. Figure 8 shows fluid sensitivity using Gassmann fluid replacement (Gassmann 191) from % water to % gas of the same sand observed at MPa effective stress. The data are superimposed on RPT. Varying the e.g.,, and MPa resulted in different fluid sensitivities as Effective stress MPa OC-max preload stress MPa porosity decreases due to the effect of 4 OC-max preload stress MPa OC-max preload stress MPa preconsolidation. The sand precompacted at the. Fully w ater saturation highest stress reveals lower fluid sensitivity at a.4 given stress compared to sand precompacted at. lower stresses..8 Quartz Arenite Normal compaction Overconsolidation. % gas saturation Model Porosity (fract.) 1 Conclusions Our experimental results show different velocitydensity/porosity relations for overconsolidated Figure 8 Fluid substitution. See text for explanation. sands compared to normally consolidated sands in different rock physics models and RPT. The data from overconsolidated sand samples plotting along the friable sand model lines not only describe deteriorating sorting but also differences in preconsolidation stresses. Well logs from the Barents Sea show similar patterns to the measured data acquired in this study. The V P /V S - relation shows additional trends e.g. in the direction of reduced stress and increased precompaction stress. As expected fluid sensitivity is low as preconsolidation stress increases. These findings allow better rock physics diagnostics for uplifted sediments like in the Basents Sea. Acknowledgements.8 Colored by porosity (%) Colored by effective stress (MPa) Colored by reduced stress (MPa) Colored by maximum stress (MPa) 4 4 () () (1) We would like to thank the Norwegian Research Council (NFR) for the funding for BarRock (Barents Sea Rock Properties) project under the program PETROMAKS. We are also grateful to many NGI personnel for their dedicated help in sample preparation, experimental setup and testing program. References Avseth, P., Mukerji, T. and Mavko, G. [] Quantitative seismic interpretation: applying rock physics tools to reduce interpretation risk. Cambridge University Press. Dvorkin, J. and Nur, A. [1996] Elasticity of high-porosity sandstones: theory for two North Sea datasets. Geophysics, 61, Fawad, M., Mondol, N. H., Jahren, J. and Bjørlykke, K. [11] Mechanical compaction and ultrasonic velocity of sands with different texture and mineralogical composition. Geophysical Prospecting, 9(4), Gassmann, F. [191] Über die Elastizität poroser Medien, Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, 96, 1. Hashin, Z. and Shtrikman, S. [196] A variational approach to the theory of the elastic behavior of multiphase materials. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 11(), Mindlin, R.D. [1949]. Compliance of elastic bodies in contact. J. Appl. Mech. ASME 16, Zimmer, M.A., Prasad, M., Mavko, G. and Nur, A. [7] Seismic velocities of unconsolidated sands: Part 1 Pressure trends from.1 to MPa. Geophysics, 7(1), th EAGE Conference & Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 1 London, UK, -1 June 1 (4)
ROCK PHYSICS MODELING FOR LITHOLOGY PREDICTION USING HERTZ- MINDLIN THEORY
ROCK PHYSICS MODELING FOR LITHOLOGY PREDICTION USING HERTZ- MINDLIN THEORY Ida Ayu PURNAMASARI*, Hilfan KHAIRY, Abdelazis Lotfy ABDELDAYEM Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi
More informationROCK PHYSICS DIAGNOSTICS OF NORTH SEA SANDS: LINK BETWEEN MICROSTRUCTURE AND SEISMIC PROPERTIES ABSTRACT
ROCK PHYSICS DIAGNOSTICS OF NORTH SEA SANDS: LINK BETWEEN MICROSTRUCTURE AND SEISMIC PROPERTIES PER AVSETH, JACK DVORKIN, AND GARY MAVKO Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, CA 94305-2215, USA
More informationUncertainties in rock pore compressibility and effects on time lapse seismic modeling An application to Norne field
Uncertainties in rock pore compressibility and effects on time lapse seismic modeling An application to Norne field Amit Suman and Tapan Mukerji Department of Energy Resources Engineering Stanford University
More informationPressure and Compaction in the Rock Physics Space. Jack Dvorkin
Pressure and Compaction in the Rock Physics Space Jack Dvorkin June 2002 0 200 Compaction of Shales Freshly deposited shales and clays may have enormous porosity of ~ 80%. The speed of sound is close to
More informationThe elastic properties such as velocity, density, impedance,
SPECIAL SECTION: Rr ock Physics physics Lithology and fluid differentiation using rock physics template XIN-GANG CHI AND DE-HUA HAN, University of Houston The elastic properties such as velocity, density,
More informationGRAIN SORTING, POROSITY, AND ELASTICITY. Jack Dvorkin and Mario A. Gutierrez Geophysics Department, Stanford University ABSTRACT
GRAIN SORTING, POROSITY, AND ELASTICITY Jack Dvorkin and Mario A. Gutierrez Geophysics Department, Stanford University July 24, 2001 ABSTRACT Grain size distribution (sorting) is determined by deposition.
More informationGeological Classification of Seismic-Inversion Data in the Doba Basin of Chad*
Geological Classification of Seismic-Inversion Data in the Doba Basin of Chad* Carl Reine 1, Chris Szelewski 2, and Chaminda Sandanayake 3 Search and Discovery Article #41899 (2016)** Posted September
More informationCompeting Effect of Pore Fluid and Texture -- Case Study
Competing Effect of Pore Fluid and Texture -- Case Study Depth (m) Sw Sxo. m Poisson's Ratio.. GOC.1 5 7 8 9 P-Impedance OWC 15 GR.. RHOB.5 1 Saturation...5. 1. 1.5 Vs (km/s).. Poisson's Ratio 5 7 P-Impedance
More informationSections Rock Physics Seminar Alejandra Rojas
Sections 1.1 1.3 Rock Physics Seminar Alejandra Rojas February 6 th, 2009 Outline Introduction Velocity Porosity relations for mapping porosity and facies Fluid substitution analysis 1.1 Introduction Discovering
More informationFrom loose grains to stiff rocks The rock-physics "life story" of a clastic sediment, and its significance in QI studies
From loose grains to stiff rocks The rock-physics "life story" of a clastic sediment, and its significance in QI studies Prof. Per Avseth, NTNU/G&G Resources Burial depth/temp. Elastic Modulus The rock
More informationRock Physics Interpretation of microstructure Chapter Jingqiu Huang M.S. Candidate University of Houston
Rock Physics Interpretation of microstructure Chapter2.1 2.2 2.3 Jingqiu Huang M.S. Candidate University of Houston Introduction Theory and models Example in North Sea Introduction Theoretical models Inclusion
More informationRP 2.6. SEG/Houston 2005 Annual Meeting 1521
Ludmila Adam 1, Michael Batzle 1, and Ivar Brevik 2 1 Colorado School of Mines, 2 Statoil R&D Summary A set of carbonate plugs of different porosity, permeability, mineralogy and texture are measured at
More informationCalibration of the petro-elastic model (PEM) for 4D seismic studies in multi-mineral rocks Amini, Hamed; Alvarez, Erick Raciel
Heriot-Watt University Heriot-Watt University Research Gateway Calibration of the petro-elastic model (PEM) for 4D seismic studies in multi-mineral rocks Amini, Hamed; Alvarez, Erick Raciel DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20132136
More informationDownloaded 11/02/16 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at Summary.
in thin sand reservoirs William Marin* and Paola Vera de Newton, Rock Solid Images, and Mario Di Luca, Pacific Exploración y Producción. Summary Rock Physics Templates (RPTs) are useful tools for well
More informationTh LHR2 08 Towards an Effective Petroelastic Model for Simulator to Seismic Studies
Th LHR2 08 Towards an Effective Petroelastic Model for Simulator to Seismic Studies A. Briceno* (Heriot-Watt University), C. MacBeth (Heriot-Watt University) & M.D. Mangriotis (Heriot-Watt University)
More informationIDENTIFYING PATCHY SATURATION FROM WELL LOGS Short Note. / K s. + K f., G Dry. = G / ρ, (2)
IDENTIFYING PATCHY SATURATION FROM WELL LOGS Short Note JACK DVORKIN, DAN MOOS, JAMES PACKWOOD, AND AMOS NUR DEPARTMENT OF GEOPHYSICS, STANFORD UNIVERSITY January 5, 2001 INTRODUCTION Gassmann's (1951)
More informationShaly Sand Rock Physics Analysis and Seismic Inversion Implication
Shaly Sand Rock Physics Analysis and Seismic Inversion Implication Adi Widyantoro (IkonScience), Matthew Saul (IkonScience/UWA) Rock physics analysis of reservoir elastic properties often assumes homogeneity
More informationIntegration of Rock Physics Models in a Geostatistical Seismic Inversion for Reservoir Rock Properties
Integration of Rock Physics Models in a Geostatistical Seismic Inversion for Reservoir Rock Properties Amaro C. 1 Abstract: The main goal of reservoir modeling and characterization is the inference of
More informationSeismic reservoir and source-rock analysis using inverse rock-physics modeling: A Norwegian Sea demonstration
66 Seismic reservoir and source-rock analysis using inverse rock-physics modeling: A Norwegian Sea demonstration Kenneth Bredesen 1, Erling Hugo Jensen 1, 2, Tor Arne Johansen 1, 2, and Per Avseth 3, 4
More informationIntegrating rock physics modeling, prestack inversion and Bayesian classification. Brian Russell
Integrating rock physics modeling, prestack inversion and Bayesian classification Brian Russell Introduction Today, most geoscientists have an array of tools available to perform seismic reservoir characterization.
More informationResearcher 2015;7(9)
4D Seismic Feasibility Study using well Logs in Sienna gas Field, West Delta Deep Marine concession, Egypt Helal, A., Shebl, A. 1, ElNaggar, S. 2 and Ezzat, A. 3 1 Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University,
More informationEffects of fluid changes on seismic reflections: Predicting amplitudes at gas reservoir directly from amplitudes at wet reservoir
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 77, NO. 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2012); P. D129 D140, 15 FIGS., 2 TABLES. 10.1190/GEO2011-0331.1 Effects of fluid changes on seismic reflections: Predicting amplitudes at gas reservoir directly
More informationBPM37 Linking Basin Modeling with Seismic Attributes through Rock Physics
BPM37 Linking Basin Modeling with Seismic Attributes through Rock Physics W. AlKawai* (Stanford University), T. Mukerji (Stanford University) & S. Graham (Stanford University) SUMMARY In this study, we
More informationP- and S-Wave Velocity Measurements and Pressure Sensitivity Analysis of AVA Response
P- and S-Wave Velocity Measurements and Pressure Sensitivity Analysis of AVA Response Tiewei He* University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada tieweihe@phys.ualberta.ca and Douglas Schmitt University
More informationRock physics of a gas hydrate reservoir. Gas hydrates are solids composed of a hydrogen-bonded ROUND TABLE
ROUND TABLE Rock physics of a gas hydrate reservoir JACK DVORKIN and AMOS NUR, Stanford University, California, U.S. RICHARD UDEN and TURHAN TANER, Rock Solid Images, Houston, Texas, U.S. Gas hydrates
More informationTHE EFFECT OF CEMENTATION ON THE SEISMIC PROPERTIES OF SANDSTONE:
THE EFFECT OF CEMENTATION ON THE SEISMIC PROPERTIES OF SANDSTONE: Xavier Du Bernard, Manika Prasad, Michael Reinstaedtler * 1. INTRODUCTION Composition and cementation are two major parameters that control
More informationReservoir Characteristics of a Quaternary Channel: Incorporating Rock Physics in Seismic and DC Resistivity Surveys
Reservoir Characteristics of a Quaternary Channel: Incorporating Rock Physics in Seismic and DC Resistivity Surveys Jawwad Ahmad* University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada jahmad@phys.ualberta.ca
More informationTHE ROCK PHYSICS HANDBOOK
THE ROCK PHYSICS HANDBOOK TOOLS FOR SEISMIC ANALYSIS IN POROUS MEDIA Gary Mavko Tapan Mukerji Jack Dvorkin Stanford University Stanford University Stanford University CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS
More informationEstimating the hydrocarbon volume from elastic and resistivity data: A concept
INTERPRETER S CORNER Coordinated by Rebecca B. Latimer Estimating the hydrocarbon volume from elastic and resistivity data: A concept CARMEN T. GOMEZ, JACK DVORKIN, and GARY MAVKO, Stanford University,
More informationMeasurement of elastic properties of kerogen Fuyong Yan, De-hua Han*, Rock Physics Lab, University of Houston
Measurement of elastic properties of kerogen Fuyong Yan, De-hua Han*, Rock Physics Lab, University of Houston Summary To have good understanding of elastic properties of organic shale, it is fundamental
More informationA New AVO Attribute for Hydrocarbon Prediction and Application to the Marmousi II Dataset*
A New AVO Attribute for Hydrocarbon Prediction and Application to the Marmousi II Dataset* Changcheng Liu 1 and Prasad Ghosh 2 Search and Discovery Article #41764 (2016) Posted January 25, 2016 *Adapted
More informationSeismic modelling of unconventional reservoirs
FOCUS ARTICLE Coordinated by Satinder Chopra / Meghan Brown Seismic modelling of unconventional reservoirs Marco Perez Apache Canada Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, Canada Introduction Unconventional resource
More informationSUMMARY INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Frequency dependent elastic properties and attenuation in heavy-oil sands: comparison between measured and modeled data Agnibha Das, and Michael Batzle, Colorado School of Mines SUMMARY We have measured
More informationA look into Gassmann s Equation
A look into Gassmann s Equation Nawras Al-Khateb, CHORUS Heavy Oil Consortium, Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary nawras.alkhateb@ucalgary.ca Summary By describing the influence of the pore
More informationWe apply a rock physics analysis to well log data from the North-East Gulf of Mexico
Rock Physics for Fluid and Porosity Mapping in NE GoM JACK DVORKIN, Stanford University and Rock Solid Images TIM FASNACHT, Anadarko Petroleum Corporation RICHARD UDEN, MAGGIE SMITH, NAUM DERZHI, AND JOEL
More informationManuscript received by the Editor 18 December 2007; revised manuscript received 11April 2008; published online 18 November 2008.
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 73, NO. 6 NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2008; P. E197 E209, 9 FIGS. 10.1190/1.2985821 Rock physics modeling of unconsolidated sands: Accounting for nonuniform contacts and heterogeneous stress fields
More informationTheoretical Approach in Vp/Vs Prediction from Rock Conductivity in Gas Saturating Shaly Sand
Modern Applied Science; Vol. 13, No. 1; 2019 ISSN 1913-1844 E-ISSN 1913-1852 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Theoretical Approach in Vp/Vs Prediction from Rock Conductivity in Gas
More informationLINK BETWEEN ATTENUATION AND VELOCITY DISPERSION
LINK BETWEEN ATTENUATION AND VELOCITY DISPERSION Jack Dvorkin Stanford University and Rock Solid Images April 25, 2005 SUMMARY In a viscoelastic sample, the causality principle links the attenuation of
More informationEvaluation of Rock Properties from Logs Affected by Deep Invasion A Case Study
Evaluation of Rock Properties from Logs Affected by Deep Invasion A Case Study Jahan Zeb a, Reece Murrell b a CGG Australia, 1 Ord Street, West Perth, WA 6005 Contact email: Jahan.Zeb@cgg.com b Esso Australia,
More informationIntegrating rock physics and full elastic modeling for reservoir characterization Mosab Nasser and John B. Sinton*, Maersk Oil Houston Inc.
Integrating rock physics and full elastic modeling for reservoir characterization Mosab Nasser and John B. Sinton*, Maersk Oil Houston Inc. Summary Rock physics establishes the link between reservoir properties,
More informationRock Physics Modeling in Montney Tight Gas Play
Rock Physics Modeling in Montney Tight Gas Play Ayato Kato 1, Kunio Akihisa 1, Carl Wang 2 and Reona Masui 3 1 JOGMEC-TRC, Chiba, Japan, kato-ayato@jogmec.go.jp 2 Encana, Calgary, Alberta 3 Mitsubishi
More informationSeismic behaviour of CO 2 saturated Fontainebleau sandstone under in situ conditions
Seismic behaviour of CO 2 urated Fontainebleau sandstone under in situ conditions Md Mizanul Huq Chowdhury*, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, mhchowdh@ualberta.ca and Douglas R. Schmitt, University
More informationRock Physics of Shales and Source Rocks. Gary Mavko Professor of Geophysics Director, Stanford Rock Physics Project
Rock Physics of Shales and Source Rocks Gary Mavko Professor of Geophysics Director, Stanford Rock Physics Project 1 First Question: What is Shale? Shale -- a rock composed of mud-sized particles, such
More informationRock physics and AVO analysis for lithofacies and pore fluid prediction in a North Sea oil field
Rock physics and AVO analysis for lithofacies and pore fluid prediction in a North Sea oil field Downloaded 09/12/14 to 84.215.159.82. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use
More informationFluid-property discrimination with AVO: A Biot-Gassmann perspective
Fluid-property discrimination with AVO: A Biot-Gassmann perspective Brian H. Russell, Ken Hedlin 1, Fred J. Hilterman, and Laurence R. Lines ABSTRACT This paper draws together basic rock physics, AVO,
More informationCrosswell tomography imaging of the permeability structure within a sandstone oil field.
Crosswell tomography imaging of the permeability structure within a sandstone oil field. Tokuo Yamamoto (1), and Junichi Sakakibara (2) (1) University of Miami and Yamamoto Engineering Corporation, (2)
More informationUnjacketed bulk compressibility of sandstone in laboratory experiments. R. M. Makhnenko 1 and J. F. Labuz 1
481 Unjacketed bulk compressibility of sandstone in laboratory experiments R. M. Makhnenko 1 and J. F. Labuz 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455; PH (612)
More informationSEG/New Orleans 2006 Annual Meeting
On the applicability of Gassmann model in carbonates Ravi Sharma*, Manika Prasad and Ganpat Surve (Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay), G C Katiyar (Third Eye Centre, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
More informationOn discriminating sand from shale using prestack inversion without wells: A proof of concept using well data as a surrogate for seismic amplitudes
SPECIAL Rock SECTION: physics R o c k p h y s i c s On discriminating sand from shale using prestack inversion without wells: A proof of concept using well data as a surrogate for seismic amplitudes M
More informationRock Physics Perturbational Modeling: Carbonate case study, an intracratonic basin Northwest/Saharan Africa
Rock Physics Perturbational Modeling: Carbonate case study, an intracratonic basin Northwest/Saharan Africa Franklin Ruiz, Carlos Cobos, Marcelo Benabentos, Beatriz Chacon, and Roberto Varade, Luis Gairifo,
More informationTh SBT1 14 Seismic Characters of Pore Pressure Due to Smectite-to-illite Transition
Th SBT1 14 Seismic Characters of Pore Pressure Due to Smectite-to-illite Transition X. Qin* (University of Houston) & D. Han (University of Houston) SUMMARY In this study, we strive to understand unloading
More informationShort Note. A simple derivation of the effective stress coefficient for seismic velocities in porous rocks. Boris Gurevich. n = 1 K 0 /K s, (4)
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 69, NO. 2 (MARCH-APRIL 2004); P. 393 397, 1 FIG. 10.1190/1.1707058 Short Note A simple derivation of the effective stress coefficient for seismic velocities in porous rocks Boris Gurevich
More informationKeywords. Unconsolidated Sands, Seismic Amplitude, Oil API
Role of Seismic Amplitude in Assessment of Oil API Ravi Mishra*(Essar Oil Ltd.), Baban Jee (Essar Oil Ltd.), Ashish Kumar (Essar Oil Ltd.) Email: ravimishragp@gmail.com Keywords Unconsolidated Sands, Seismic
More informationVelocity-porosity relationships, 1: Accurate velocity model for clean consolidated sandstones
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 68, NO. 6 (NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2003); P. 1822 1834, 16 FIGS., 1 TABLE. 10.1190/1.1635035 Velocity-porosity relationships, 1: Accurate velocity model for clean consolidated sandstones Mark
More information11282 Rock Physics Analysis and Time-lapse Rock Imaging of Geochemical Effects Due to CO2 Injection into Reservoir Rocks
11282 Rock Physics Analysis and Time-lapse Rock Imaging of Geochemical Effects Due to CO2 Injection into Reservoir Rocks T.V. Vanorio* (Stanford University) & E.D. Diaz (Ingrain Inc., Houston, TX) SUMMARY
More information4D stress sensitivity of dry rock frame moduli: constraints from geomechanical integration
Title 4D stress sensitivity of dry rock frame moduli: constraints from geomechanical integration Authors Bloomer, D., Ikon Science Asia Pacific Reynolds, S., Ikon Science Asia Pacific Pavlova, M., Origin
More informationSPE These in turn can be used to estimate mechanical properties.
SPE 96112 Pressure Effects on Porosity-Log Responses Using Rock Physics Modeling: Implications on Geophysical and Engineering Models as Reservoir Pressure Decreases Michael Holmes, SPE, Digital Formation,
More informationWe Simultaneous Joint Inversion of Electromagnetic and Seismic Full-waveform Data - A Sensitivity Analysis to Biot Parameter
We-09-04 Simultaneous Joint Inversion of Electromagnetic and Seismic Full-waveform Data - A Sensitivity Analysis to Biot Parameter J. Giraud* (WesternGeco Geosolutions), M. De Stefano (WesternGeco Geosolutions)
More informationGeology 252, Historical Geology, California State University, Los Angeles - professor: Dr. Alessandro Grippo
LAB # 1 - CLASTIC ROCKS Background: - Mechanical and Chemical Weathering - Production of Clastic Sediment - Classification of Sediment according to size: Gravel, Sand, Silt, Clay - Erosion, Transportation
More informationAn empirical study of hydrocarbon indicators
An empirical study of hydrocarbon indicators Brian Russell 1, Hong Feng, and John Bancroft An empirical study of hydrocarbon indicators 1 Hampson-Russell, A CGGVeritas Company, Calgary, Alberta, brian.russell@cggveritas.com
More informationPer Avseth (Dig Science) and Tapan Mukerji (Stanford University)
Seismic facies classification away from well control - The role of augmented training data using basin modeling to improve machine learning methods in exploration. Per Avseth (Dig Science) and Tapan Mukerji
More informationStrength, creep and frictional properties of gas shale reservoir rocks
ARMA 1-463 Strength, creep and frictional properties of gas shale reservoir rocks Sone, H. and Zoback, M. D. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Copyright 21 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association
More informationCHARACTERIZATION OF SATURATED POROUS ROCKS WITH OBLIQUELY DIPPING FRACTURES. Jiao Xue and Robert H. Tatham
CHARACTERIZATION OF SATURATED POROUS ROCS WITH OBLIQUELY DIPPING FRACTURES Jiao Xue and Robert H. Tatham Department of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at Austin ABSTRACT Elastic properties,
More informationLinearized AVO and Poroelasticity for HRS9. Brian Russell, Dan Hampson and David Gray 2011
Linearized AO and oroelasticity for HR9 Brian Russell, Dan Hampson and David Gray 0 Introduction In this talk, we combine the linearized Amplitude ariations with Offset (AO) technique with the Biot-Gassmann
More informationHeriot-Watt University
Heriot-Watt University Heriot-Watt University Research Gateway 4D seismic feasibility study for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) with CO2 injection in a mature North Sea field Amini, Hamed; Alvarez, Erick Raciel;
More informationVelocity porosity relationships: Predictive velocity model for cemented sands composed of multiple mineral phases
Geophysical Prospecting,,, 9 7 Velocity porosity relationships: Predictive velocity model for cemented sands composed of multiple mineral phases Mark A. Knackstedt,, Christoph H. Arns and W. Val Pinczewski
More informationVelocity-effective stress response of CO 2
Exploration Geophysics (2006) 37, 60-66 Butsuri-Tansa (Vol. 59, No. 1) Mulli-Tamsa (Vol. 9, No. 1) Velocity-effective stress response of -saturated sandstones Anthony F. Siggins Key Words: Carbon dioxide,
More informationSome consideration about fluid substitution without shear wave velocity Fuyong Yan*, De-Hua Han, Rock Physics Lab, University of Houston
ain enu Some consideration about fluid substitution without shear wave velocity Fuyong Yan*, De-Hua Han, Rock Physics Lab, University of Houston Summary When S-wave velocity is absent, approximate Gassmann
More informationDownloaded 11/20/12 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
AVO crossplot analysis in unconsolidated sediments containing gas hydrate and free gas: Green Canyon 955, Gulf of Mexico Zijian Zhang* 1, Daniel R. McConnell 1, De-hua Han 2 1 Fugro GeoConsulting, Inc.,
More informationDownloaded 02/05/15 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Relationship among porosity, permeability, electrical and elastic properties Zair Hossain Alan J Cohen RSI, 2600 South Gessner Road, Houston, TX 77063, USA Summary Electrical resisivity is usually easier
More information3D petrophysical modeling - 1-3D Petrophysical Modeling Usning Complex Seismic Attributes and Limited Well Log Data
- 1-3D Petrophysical Modeling Usning Complex Seismic Attributes and Limited Well Log Data Mehdi Eftekhari Far, and De-Hua Han, Rock Physics Lab, University of Houston Summary A method for 3D modeling and
More information6298 Stress induced azimuthally anisotropic reservoir - AVO modeling
6298 Stress induced azimuthally anisotropic reservoir - AVO modeling M. Brajanovski* (Curtin University of Technology), B. Gurevich (Curtin University of Technology), D. Nadri (CSIRO) & M. Urosevic (Curtin
More information42. POROSITY AND VELOCITY VS. DEPTH AND EFFECTIVE STRESS IN CARBONATE SEDIMENTS 1
Duncan, R. A., Backman, J., Peterson, L. C, et al., 1990 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 115 42. POROSITY AND VELOCITY VS. DEPTH AND EFFECTIVE STRESS IN ONATE SEDIMENTS
More informationSENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF AMPLITUDE VARIATION WITH OFFSET (AVO) IN FRACTURED MEDIA
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF AMPLITUDE VARIATION WITH OFFSET AVO) IN FRACTURED MEDIA Mary L. Krasovec, William L. Rodi, and M. Nafi Toksoz Earth Resources Laboratory Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary
More informationAVO attribute inversion for finely layered reservoirs
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 71, NO. 3 MAY-JUNE 006 ; P. C5 C36, 16 FIGS., TABLES. 10.1190/1.197487 Downloaded 09/1/14 to 84.15.159.8. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/
More informationTu P8 08 Modified Anisotropic Walton Model for Consolidated Siliciclastic Rocks: Case Study of Velocity Anisotropy Modelling in a Barents Sea Well
Tu P8 08 Modified Anisotropic Walton Model for Consolidated Siliciclastic Rocks: Case Study of Velocity Anisotropy Modelling in a Barents Sea Well Y. Zhou (Rock Solid Images), F. Ruiz (Repsol), M. Ellis*
More informationP314 Anisotropic Elastic Modelling for Organic Shales
P314 Anisotropic Elastic Modelling for Organic Shales X. Wu* (British Geological Survey), M. Chapman (British Geological Survey), X.Y. Li (British Geological Survey) & H. Dai (British Geological Survey)
More informationSEG/San Antonio 2007 Annual Meeting SUMMARY DATA
An experimental study of the dilation factor in sandstone under anisotropic stress conditions Arpita Pal-Bathija and Mike Batzle, Colorado School of Mines SUMMARY Dilation factor (R) is defined as the
More informationSEG Houston 2009 International Exposition and Annual Meeting. that the project results can correctly interpreted.
Calibration of Pre-Stack Simultaneous Impedance Inversion using Rock Physics Scott Singleton and Rob Keirstead, Rock Solid Images Log Conditioning and Rock Physics Modeling Summary Geophysical Well Log
More informationVELOCITY MODELING TO DETERMINE PORE ASPECT RATIOS OF THE HAYNESVILLE SHALE. Kwon Taek Oh
VELOCITY MODELING TO DETERMINE PORE ASPECT RATIOS OF THE HAYNESVILLE SHALE. Kwon Taek Oh Department of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at Austin ABSTRACT This work estimates pore shapes from
More informationAVO Attributes of a Deep Coal Seam
AVO Attributes of a Deep Coal Seam Jinfeng Ma* State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, China jinfengma@sohu.com Igor Morozov University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
More informationSEISMIC VELOCITY PREDICTION IN SHALLOW (< 30M) PARTIALLY- SATURATED, UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS USING EFFECTIVE MEDIUM THEORY
SEISMIC VELOCITY PREDICTION IN SHALLOW (< 30M) PARTIALLY- SATURATED, UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS USING EFFECTIVE MEDIUM THEORY Downloaded 11/07/15 to 68.225.98.217. Redistribution subject to SEG license or
More informationRock physics model of glauconitic greensand from the North Sea
GEOPHYSICS. VOL. 76, NO. 6 (NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2011); P. E199 E209, 12 FIGS. 10.1190/GEO2010-0366.1 Rock physics model of glauconitic greensand from the North Sea Zakir Hossain 1, Tapan Mukerji 2, Jack
More informationResearch Article Study on p-wave Attenuation in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments Based on BISQ Model
Geological Research Volume 23, Article ID 76579, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/.55/23/76579 Research Article Study on p-wave Attenuation in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments Based on BISQ Model Chuanhui Li, Kai Feng,
More informationMethane hydrate rock physics models for the Blake Outer Ridge
Stanford Exploration Project, Report 80, May 15, 2001, pages 1 307 Methane hydrate rock physics models for the Blake Outer Ridge Christine Ecker 1 ABSTRACT Seismic analyses of methane hydrate data from
More informationTemperature Dependence of Acoustic Velocities in Gas-Saturated Sandstones
Temperature Dependence of Acoustic Velocities in Gas-Saturated Sandstones Andreas Bauer, Christian Lehr, Frans Korndorffer, Arjan van der Linden Shell Global Solutions International, Rijswijk. Netherlands
More informationRESEARCH PROPOSAL. Effects of scales and extracting methods on quantifying quality factor Q. Yi Shen
RESEARCH PROPOSAL Effects of scales and extracting methods on quantifying quality factor Q Yi Shen 2:30 P.M., Wednesday, November 28th, 2012 Shen 2 Ph.D. Proposal ABSTRACT The attenuation values obtained
More informationRockLab Details. Rock Physics Testing
Rock Physics Testing Seismic velocity and electrical resistivity of rock samples are varying, as the stress/strain (and its orientation), temperature and fluid of the formation of interest are changing
More informationGeotechnical Properties of Soil
Geotechnical Properties of Soil 1 Soil Texture Particle size, shape and size distribution Coarse-textured (Gravel, Sand) Fine-textured (Silt, Clay) Visibility by the naked eye (0.05 mm is the approximate
More informationEstimating rock porosity and fluid saturation using only seismic velocities
Stanford Exploration Project, Report, October 5, 999, pages 4 57 Estimating rock porosity and fluid saturation using only seismic velocities James G. Berryman, Patricia A. Berge, and Brian P. Bonner keywords:
More informationDownloaded 10/29/15 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Electrical anisotropy drivers in the Snøhvit region of the Barents Sea Michelle Ellis*, Lucy MacGregor, Rolf Ackermann, Paola Newton, Robert Keirstead, Alberto Rusic, Slim Bouchrara, Amanda Geck Alvarez,
More informationPoisson's Ration, Deep Resistivity and Water Saturation Relationships for Shaly Sand Reservoir, SE Sirt, Murzuq and Gadames Basins, Libya (Case study)
Journal of Geography and Geology; Vol. 7, No. 1; 2015 ISSN 1916-9779 E-ISSN 1916-9787 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Poisson's Ration, Deep Resistivity and Water Saturation Relationships
More informationD047 Change of Static and Dynamic Elastic Properties due to CO2 Injection in North Sea Chalk
D047 Change of Static and Dynamic Elastic Properties due to CO2 Injection in North Sea Chalk M.M. Alam* (Technical University of Denmark), M.L. Hjuler (Danish Geotechnical Institute), H.F. Christensen
More informationPractical Gassmann fluid substitution in sand/shale sequences
first break volume 25, December 2007 tutorial Practical Gassmann fluid substitution in sand/shale sequences Rob Simm * Introduction When performing fluid substitution on log data Gassmann s (1951) model
More informationSeismic velocity decrement ratios for regions of partial melt near the core-mantle boundary
Stanford Exploration Project, Report 02, October 25, 999, pages 87 20 Seismic velocity decrement ratios for regions of partial melt near the core-mantle boundary James G. Berryman keywords: poroelasticity,
More informationLinking the Chemical and Physical Effects of CO 2 Injection to Geophysical Parameters
Linking the Chemical and Physical Effects of CO 2 Injection to Geophysical Parameters Investigators: Stanford University: Gary Mavko, Professor (Research), Geophysics; Sally Benson, Professor (Research)
More informationDetermination of reservoir properties from the integration of CSEM and seismic data
Determination of reservoir properties from the integration of CSEM and seismic data Peter Harris, 1 Rock Solid Images, and Lucy MacGregor, 2 Offshore Hydrocarbons Mapping, discuss the advantages in reservoir
More informationRole of Data Analysis in fixing parameters for petrophysics & rockphysics modeling for effective seismic reservoir characterization A case study
10 th Biennial International Conference & Exposition P 145 Role of Data Analysis in fixing parameters for petrophysics & rockphysics modeling for effective seismic reservoir characterization A case study
More informationA shale rock physics model for analysis of brittleness index, mineralogy, and porosity in the Barnett Shale
1 2 A shale rock physics model for analysis of brittleness index, mineralogy, and porosity in the Barnett Shale 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Zhiqi Guo 1, Xiang-Yang Li 2,3, Cai Liu 1, Xuan Feng 1, and Ye Shen 4 1 Jilin
More informationGNGTS 2015 Sessione 3.1
seismic reservoir characterization In offshore nile delta. Part I: comparing different methods to derive a reliable rock-physics model M. Aleardi 1, F. Ciabarri 2, F. Peruzzo 2, A. Mazzotti 1 1 Earth Sciences
More information