Investigation 3: Plate Tectonics
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1 Investigation 3: Plate Tectonics Table of Contents Folder 1: Plate Geography and Structure Folder 2: Rates of Plate Movement Folder 3: Driving Forces Folder 4: Plate Interactions Folder 5: Mystery Tour Investigation Summary CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 17
2 Folder 1: Plate Geography and Structure Instructions Step 1. Click on the radio buttons next to Inv 3: Plate Tectonics. Open and read the Introduction placemark balloon. Then close the balloon. 2. Expand Folder 1: Plate Geography and Structure. Open and read the Description placemark balloon. Then close the balloon and examine the Plate Geography overlay. Record your observations. 3. Expand the Gallery folder in the Layers panel at the bottom left of your screen. Scroll down and click on the Earthquakes and Volcanoes layers. Then reexamine the Plate Geography overlay. You will need to zoom in a bit to see the earthquakes and volcanoes appear. Record your observations. Then turn off the two layers. Complete Observations How many tectonic plates are there? How thick are continental plates? How thick are oceanic plates? What layers make up the plates? Can a single plate include both oceanic and continental areas? What type of rock makes up continental crust? What type of rock type makes up of oceanic crust? Which type of plate is less dense? Which type of plate is denser? Are earthquakes or volcanoes associated with plate boundaries? CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 18
3 Notes and Questions Folder 2: Rates of Plate Movement Instructions Step 1. Expand Folder 2: Rates of Plate Movement and open the Description placemark balloon. Read the information and record any observations you can. Then close the balloon. 2. Examine the location of the GPS monument in Mission Viejo, CA (SBCC). Notice how close it is to the San Andreas Fault Zone. Open the Real Time GPS Data placemark and click to open the web link. Select SBCC - Mission Viejo, CA from the drop down list and click the Graph the Station button to open the data page. 3. Click Plot Graph to see the graph of North to South movement of the monument over the past 5 years. Then click Analyze to see the slope of the line. The slope represents the average velocity of movement in that direction over the past 5 years. Record this observation. 4. Click Plot Graph to see the graph of East to West movement. Record the slope of that line in your observations. Hint: a negative number indicates movement in the opposite direction (West to East). 5. Follow the same procedure to find the average rate of vertical movement of the monument. Record your observation. 6. Use your observations to answer the Interpretation question. Be sure to use complete sentences. Complete Observations What is a GPS monument? How fast is the GPS monument moving from North to South (mm/yr)? How fast is the GPS monument moving from East to West (mm/yr)? CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 19
4 Which direction is the monument moving: northeast, northwest, southeast, or southwest)? How fast is the GPS monument moving vertically (mm/yr)? Is the monument sinking or being lifted up? Notes and Questions Folder 3: Driving Forces Instructions Step 1. Expand Folder 3: Driving Forces and click on the radio button. Open the Description placemark balloon and read the information. Click on the link to see the animation on line and record you observations. Then close the balloon. 2. Use your observations to answer the Interpretation questions. Complete Observations What is convection? What is the source of Earth s heat? How is heated material transported inside Earth? What does the asthenosphere do? CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 20
5 Notes and Questions Interpretation Would plates move if there was no radioactive decay in Earth s core? Claim: Evidence: Reasoning: Would plates move if the asthenosphere was hard? Claim: Evidence: Reasoning: CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 21
6 Folder 4: Plate Interactions Instructions Step 1. Expand Folder 4: Plate Interactions and click on the radio button. Open the Description placemark balloon and read the information. Explore the interactive diagram. Record your observations. 2. Watch the animations on each type of plate boundary. Take careful notes in the space provided. Be sure to record what types of plates are interacting, whether there are volcanoes, whether there are earthquakes and how deep they are, and other features you saw in the animations. You will need these notes for the Mystery Tour. Complete Observations What does convergent mean? What does divergent mean? What does transform mean? What is subduction? What is a subduction zone? What are fold or thrust-belt mountains? What is a rift valley? Characteristics of plate boundaries: Convergent Oceanic-Continental CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 22
7 Convergent Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent Continental-Continental Divergent Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent Continental-Continental Transform Notes and Questions CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 23
8 Folder 5: Mystery Tour Instructions Step Complete 1. Expand Folder 5: Mystery Tour and click on the radio button. Open the Description placemark balloon and read the information. 2. Turn on the Volcanoes and Earthquakes layers in the Gallery section of your Layers panel. 3. Expand the Mystery Tour folder and double-click on the Stop 1 folder. Explore the area within the light blue rectangle. The orange line shows the approximate location of the plate boundary. 4. Record any observations you think are important in deciding what type of boundary this is. Refer to your notes from Plate Interactions to help you decide. Defend your interpretations. 5. Hints: a. To find earthquake depth, click on the earthquake icon. b. To view plate labels, zoom out. c. To see an elevation profile of the ocean floor, make a line across the area. Click the Altitude tab under properties and scroll down to clamped to sea floor. Click OK. Then right-click on your line in your Places panel and click Show Elevation Profile. d. Be advised that not all countries report geologic activity. Be sure to keep this in mind when making your interpretations. 6. Consider everything you have learned in this Investigation to answer the Investigation Summary questions. Observations Mystery Tour Stop Observations Interpretations 1 CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 24
9 2 3 4 Notes and Questions CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 25
10 Investigation Summary Is Earth geologically active? What aspects of Earth s structure and dynamics cause this activity? If you had to live near a plate boundary, which type of boundary would you want it to be? Why? How long has it taken for scientists to reach their current understandings about plate tectonics? Do you think there is still more to learn? CE3 F i e l d N o t e b o o k - M o d u l e 3 Page 26
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Chapter Review Plate Tectonics Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Write the term that matches each description below in the spaces provided. Then unscramble the letters in the boxes to reveal the mystery
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Plates & Boundaries The earth's continents are constantly moving due to the motions of the tectonic plates. As you can see, some of the plates contain continents and others are mostly under the ocean.
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Practice Questions: Plate Tectonics 1. Base your answer to the following question on The block diagram below shows the boundary between two tectonic plates. Which type of plate boundary is shown? A) divergent
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1. Base your answer to the following question on the cross section below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The cross section represents the distance and age of ocean-floor bedrock found on both sides
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Have you ever looked at a world map and noticed the shapes of the continents? Have you ever noticed how some continents appear to fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle? Why do you think this
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How does thermal energy move around in the Earth? Movement of the Earth s tectonic plates is driven by heat flow in the Earth s interior. Plumes of mantle rock rise slowly from the bottom of the mantle
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Plate Tectonics How do the plates move? Continental Drift Hypothesis In 1915, Alfred Wegener s hypothesis about Continental Drift couldn t explain the forces that could move continents. Wegener wasn t
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