Supplementary Materials for

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Supplementary Materials for"

Transcription

1 advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/4/5/eaar4378/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Discovery of moganite in a lunar meteorite as a trace of H2O ice in the Moon s regolith Masahiro Kayama, Naotaka Tomioka, Eiji Ohtani, Yusuke Seto, Hiroshi Nagaoka, Jens Götze, Akira Miyake, Shin Ozawa, Toshimori Sekine, Masaaki Miyahara, Kazushige Tomeoka, Megumi Matsumoto, Naoki Shoda, Naohisa Hirao, Takamichi Kobayashi The PDF file includes: Published 2 May 2018, Sci. Adv. 4, eaar4378 (2018) DOI: /sciadv.aar4378 fig. S1. BSE images of silica in the breccia matrix and the shock veins of NWA fig. S2. BSE image of the shock vein of NWA fig. S3. Micro-Raman analyses of high-pressure and high-temperature SiO2 phases. fig. S4. BSE images of silica varieties in various lithologies of NWA fig. S5. Single crystals of anhedral quartz in a basaltic clast. fig. S6. Spectroscopic identification of maskelynite and plagioclase. fig. S7. SR-XRD analyses of various SiO2 phases. fig. S8. TEM chemical composition analyses. fig. S9. TEM observations of coesite, stishovite, and cristobalite. fig. S10. Micro-Raman spectroscopy of unshocked and experimentally shockrecovered moganite.

2 Supplementary Materials fig. S1. BSE images of silica in the breccia matrix and the shock veins of NWA (A) An amygdaloidal silica micrograin (No. 1) in the breccia matrix (far from the shock veins) of NWA 2727 is adjacent to olivine (Olv), clinopyroxene (Cpx) and plagioclase (Plg) grains, and is surrounded by pervasive shock-induced radiating cracks starting from the surface and fracturing the neighboring minerals. (B) Another silica micrograin (No. 2) in the breccia matrix. (C) and (D) Amygdaloidal silica micrograins within (No. 3) and in contact with the shock veins (No. 4), respectively. The silica micrograins are surrounded by fine to coarse olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase and their glasses. Silica micrograins are indicated by white arrows; white-boxes mark high-magnification BSE imaging areas of these silica grains shown in Figs. 2A, 3A and 4A, and fig. S3A.

3 fig. S2. BSE image of the shock vein of NWA Continuous shock vein through both an OC gabbroic clast and the breccia matrix. This shock vein (enclosed by white dotted lines) is characterized by impact melt glasses of the constituent minerals with bubble marks and flow textures.

4 fig. S3. Micro-Raman analyses of high-pressure and high-temperature SiO2 phases. High-magnification BSE image of an amygdaloidal silica micrograin (No. 4) in contact with a shock vein. Part of this silica micrograin shows fine-scale tweed-like textures, represented as high BSE brightness. The Raman analytical points (areas 1 to 3) are indicated by white crosses. (B) Raman spectra of this silica micrograin. The spectral patterns correspond to coesite, cristobalite and moganite, respectively. (C E) Raman intensity maps of the (C) coesite (521 cm 1 ), (D) cristobalite (416 cm 1 ), and (E) moganite (502 cm 1 ) bands. These Raman maps reveal a coexistence of coesite with moganite, whereas cristobalite was independent from the other silica polymorphs.

5 fig. S4. BSE images of silica varieties in various lithologies of NWA (A) A coarse grain of euhedral tridymite is surrounded by fine to coarse olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase crystals. (B) Small single crystals of anhedral quartz are adjacent to clinopyroxene phenocrysts and fine clinopyroxene and plagioclase groundmass in the basaltic clasts. Silica is indicated by white arrows; a white box marks a high-magnification BSE imaging area of anhedral quartz in the basaltic clasts, shown in fig. S5A.

6 fig. S5. Single crystals of anhedral quartz in a basaltic clast. (A) High-magnification BSE image of a single crystal of anhedral silica in the basaltic clast. This anhedral silica is enclosed by basaltic clinopyroxene and plagioclase groundmass. (B) Raman spectrum of the anhedral silica. All Raman peaks can be assigned to quartz. (C) Raman intensity map of the quartz (464 cm 1 ) band. It displays a homogeneous distribution of Raman intensity, which is indicative of its high crystallinity.

7 fig. S6. Spectroscopic identification of maskelynite and plagioclase. (A) Raman spectra of feldspars in NWA The pronounced peaks of plagioclase are located at 147, 198, 403, 485, 507, 559, and 660 cm 1, whereas the broad bands of maskelynite are positioned at 509 and 590 cm 1 (black arrows). (B) CL spectra of the feldspars. The spectral patterns consist of blue and yellow emission bands at 420 and 560 nm for plagioclase (gray line) and UV to blue bands at 330 and 380 nm for maskelynite (black line). Plagioclase remains away from the shock veins, whereas it was transformed into maskelynite within them.

8 fig. S7. SR-XRD analyses of various SiO2 phases. (A) SR-XRD pattern of a square cubic block (ca. 10 μm per side) extracted from the silica micrograin (No. 1) in the breccia matrix by FIB. Several specific reflections can be indexed to moganite and coesite structures, the others correspond to pigeonite and olivine. (B/C) SR-XRD profiles of the cubic blocks taken using FIB from silica micrograins (B) within (No. 3) and (C) in contact

9 with (No. 4) the shock veins. Several strong reflections can be indexed to stishovite and coesite structures, whereas weak lines can be assigned to cristobalite and moganite structures. The remaining lines correspond to pigeonite, olivine and anorthite. fig. S8. TEM chemical composition analyses. Annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy images (top panels) and false-color elemental maps (bottom panels) of thin-foil samples (< 100 nm thickness) sliced using FIB for silica micrograins (A) in the breccia matrix (No. 1) and (B) within the shock vein (No. 3). The false-color elemental maps are composed of X-ray signals of red = Si Kα, green = Mg Kα, and blue = Al Kα.

10 Large SiO2 regions (red) of both TEM samples are in contact with small olivine (Olv), clinopyroxene (Cpx), and plagioclase (Plg) grains. fig. S9. TEM observations of coesite, stishovite, and cristobalite. Bright-field TEM images of SiO2 regions (red in fig. S8) with (A) coesite (Coe) in the FIB-sliced silica micrograins from the breccia matrix (No. 1), and (B) stishovite (Sti) and (C) cristobalite (Cri) in the processed silica micrograins within (No. 3) and in contact with (No. 4) the shock veins. Numerous euhedral to anhedral silica nanocrystals can be observed as aggregates in the groundmass of SiO2 glass in these SiO2 regions. (D F) SAED patterns from (D) coesite along the [111] zone axis, (E) stishovite along the [1 11] zone axis and (F) cristobalite along the [101 ] zone axis.

11 fig. S10. Micro-Raman spectroscopy of unshocked and experimentally shockrecovered moganite. Nearly pure moganite ( wt%) from Gran Canaria (Spain) was selected as the starting material (unshocked) and used for the shock experiments (five shock-recovered samples). The peak shock pressures of the moganite samples upon shock wave reverberation were calculated to be 14.1, 22.0, 25.0, 34.2, and 45.3 GPa. Moganite signatures are observed in the unshocked and shock-recovered samples at 14.1 to 25.0 GPa, whereas those obtained at GPa show no sign of this phase. Moganite is amorphized completely at pressures between 25.0 and 34.2 GPa.

Supplementary Materials for

Supplementary Materials for advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2/3/e1501725/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Discovery of natural MgSiO3 tetragonal garnet in a shocked chondritic meteorite The PDF file includes: Naotaka Tomioka,

More information

Lunar Glossary. Note to the User: Glossary

Lunar Glossary. Note to the User: Glossary Lunar Glossary Note to the User: A number of terms are unique to lunar science or are at least used in a specialized sense. The following brief glossary is an attempt to define these unique terms plus

More information

UV-V-NIR Reflectance Spectroscopy

UV-V-NIR Reflectance Spectroscopy UV-V-NIR Reflectance Spectroscopy Methods and Results A. Nathues Naturally-occurring inorganic substances with a definite and predictable chemical composition and physical properties Major groups: Silicates

More information

Cathodoluminescence and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Experimentally Shocked Plagioclase

Cathodoluminescence and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Experimentally Shocked Plagioclase Cathodoluminescence and Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Experimentally Shocked Plagioclase M. Kayama a, A. Gucsik c, H. Nishido a, K. Ninagawa b and A. Tsuchiyama d a Research Institute of Natural

More information

Engineering Geology ECIV 2204

Engineering Geology ECIV 2204 Engineering Geology ECIV 2204 Instructor : Dr. Jehad Hamad 2017-2016 Chapter (3) Igneous Rocks Chapter 3: Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth Igneous Rocks Chapter 3: Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

More information

COMPO- SITION. Euhedral skeletal. Twinned, zoned. Euhedral. Calcic. Anhedral. Mafic. brown clay.

COMPO- SITION. Euhedral skeletal. Twinned, zoned. Euhedral. Calcic. Anhedral. Mafic. brown clay. SITE 9-9A-24X-CC (Piece,-2 cm) ROCK NAME: Basaltic vitrophyre. GRAIN : y to 2.2 mm. TEXTURE: Spherulitic; microporphyritic; subophitic. WHERE SAMPLED: At top of contact with volcaniclastic. Green clay

More information

ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGIC MATERIALS USING RIETVELD QUANTIATIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION

ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGIC MATERIALS USING RIETVELD QUANTIATIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION Copyright JCPDS - International Centre for Diffraction Data 2003, Advances in X-ray Analysis, Volume 46. 204 ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGIC MATERIALS USING RIETVELD QUANTIATIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION Robin M. Gonzalez,

More information

Textures of Igneous Rocks

Textures of Igneous Rocks Page 1 of 6 EENS 212 Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Petrology Tulane University This document last updated on 12-Feb-2004 Introduction to Igneous Rocks An igneous rock is any crystalline or glassy rock that forms

More information

Characterization of Montana Grow Product David Mogk January 16, 2014

Characterization of Montana Grow Product David Mogk January 16, 2014 Characterization of Montana Grow Product David Mogk January 16, 2014 Samples of the raw material that is used in the production of Montana Grow products were characterized using X- ray Powder Diffraction

More information

OCEAN/ESS 410. Lab 8. Igneous rocks

OCEAN/ESS 410. Lab 8. Igneous rocks Lab 8. Igneous rocks Today s exercise is an introduction to rock identification and the crustal structure of the seafloor. All rocks are composed of two or more minerals, and can be classified based on

More information

INTRODUCTION ROCK COLOR

INTRODUCTION ROCK COLOR LAST NAME (ALL IN CAPS): FIRST NAME: 6. IGNEOUS ROCKS Instructions: Some rocks that you would be working with may have sharp edges and corners, therefore, be careful when working with them! When you are

More information

Page 499 PERCENT PRESENT. SIZE (mm) PERCENT ORIGINAL COMPO- SITION MORPHOLOGY COMMENTS

Page 499 PERCENT PRESENT. SIZE (mm) PERCENT ORIGINAL COMPO- SITION MORPHOLOGY COMMENTS 168-1025B-11X-CC (Piece 2, 028-040 cm) ROCK NAME: Aphyric plagioclase-pyroxene-olivine basalt GRAIN SIZE: Aphanitic: microcrystalline TEXTURE: Sheaf-spherulitic to intersertal. SIZE (mm) Olivine Tr Tr

More information

Block: Igneous Rocks. From this list, select the terms which answer the following questions.

Block: Igneous Rocks. From this list, select the terms which answer the following questions. Geology 12 Name: Mix and Match: Igneous Rocks Refer to the following list. Block: porphyritic volatiles mafic glassy magma mixing concordant discontinuous reaction series igneous vesicular partial melting

More information

How 2 nd half labs will work

How 2 nd half labs will work How 2 nd half labs will work Continue to use your mineral identification skills Learn to describe, classify, interpret rock hand samples: Igneous sedimentary metamorphic volcanic plutonic (1 week) (1 wk)

More information

Supplementary information. Jadeite in Chelyabinsk meteorite and the nature of an impact event on its parent. body

Supplementary information. Jadeite in Chelyabinsk meteorite and the nature of an impact event on its parent. body Supplementary information Jadeite in Chelyabinsk meteorite and the nature of an impact event on its parent body Shin Ozawa 1*, Masaaki Miyahara 1, 2, Eiji Ohtani 1, 3, Olga N. Koroleva 4, Yoshinori Ito

More information

Chapter 3. Atoms and Minerals. Earth Materials

Chapter 3. Atoms and Minerals. Earth Materials Chapter 3 Atoms and Minerals Earth Materials Atoms and Elements: Isotopes and Ions A Review of Chemistry Atoms Atoms are composed of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons A proton has an electric charge of +1

More information

Electronic Annex for. Northwest Africa 6693: A new type of FeO-rich achondrite with low Δ17O

Electronic Annex for. Northwest Africa 6693: A new type of FeO-rich achondrite with low Δ17O Electronic Annex for Northwest Africa 6693: A new type of FeO-rich achondrite with low Δ17O Paul H. Warren1, Alan E. Rubin1, Junko Isa1, Steve Brittenham2, Insu Ahn3,4 and Byeon-Gak Choi4 1 Institute of

More information

Textural Terms in Igneous Petrology

Textural Terms in Igneous Petrology Textural Terms in Igneous Petrology Adcumulate - Cumulus crystals continue to grow and displace the intercumulus liquid. Example: Opx adcumulate texture with minor interstitial chromite and plagioclase

More information

Quartz. ! Naturally occurring - formed by nature. ! Solid - not liquid or gas. Liquid water is not a mineral

Quartz. ! Naturally occurring - formed by nature. ! Solid - not liquid or gas. Liquid water is not a mineral GEOL 110 - Minerals, Igneous Rocks Minerals Diamond Azurite Quartz Why Study Minerals?! Rocks = aggregates of minerals! Importance to Society?! Importance to Geology? 5 part definition, must satisfy all

More information

Hadean diamonds in zircon from Jack Hills, Western Australia

Hadean diamonds in zircon from Jack Hills, Western Australia Hadean diamonds in zircon from Jack Hills, Western Australia Martina Menneken 1, Alexander A. Nemchin 2, Thorsten Geisler 1, Robert T. Pidgeon 2 & Simon A. Wilde 2 1 Institut fur Mineralogie, WestfalischeWilhelms-Universitat,

More information

Raman spectroscopy at high pressure and temperature for the study of Earth's mantle and planetary minerals

Raman spectroscopy at high pressure and temperature for the study of Earth's mantle and planetary minerals Raman spectroscopy at high pressure and temperature for the study of Earth's mantle and planetary minerals Bruno Reynard, Gilles Montagnac, and Hervé Cardon Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon Coupling HP

More information

GSA DATA REPOSITORY

GSA DATA REPOSITORY GSA DATA REPOSITORY 2013019 Supplemental information for The Solidus of Alkaline Carbonatite in the Deep Mantle Konstantin D. Litasov, Anton Shatskiy, Eiji Ohtani, and Gregory M. Yaxley EXPERIMENTAL METHODS

More information

Supplementary Materials Detail Petrographic Description

Supplementary Materials Detail Petrographic Description Supplementary Materials Detail Petrographic Description Figure S1 shows the results of a thin section analysis of all samples from Ijen Crater. All samples had a porphyritic texture composed of plagioclase,

More information

Rocks. Types of Rocks

Rocks. Types of Rocks Rocks Rocks are the most common material on Earth. They are naturally occurring aggregates of one or more minerals. 1 Igneous rocks, Types of Rocks Sedimentary rocks and Metamorphic rocks. 2 1 3 4 2 IGNEOUS

More information

doi: /nature09369

doi: /nature09369 doi:10.1038/nature09369 Supplementary Figure S1 Scanning electron microscope images of experimental charges with vapour and vapour phase quench. Experimental runs are in the order of added water concentration

More information

(%,& ) " METEORITE NEWSLETTER '+ ) +# + ()#+ * ) " '+ ) +#(' % '*+#+,+ (! (% ) * ) " ($-(

(%,& )  METEORITE NEWSLETTER '+ ) +# + ()#+ * )  '+ ) +#(' % '*+#+,+ (! (% ) * )  ($-( METEORITE NEWSLETTER INTRODUCTION Classification and Description of Antarctic Meteorites This newsletter reports 352 Yamato98 and Yamato00 meteorites. They include 7 CM2 chondrites, 1 EH3 chondrite, 1

More information

EPS 50 Lab 2: Igneous Rocks Grotzinger and Jordan, Chapter 4

EPS 50 Lab 2: Igneous Rocks Grotzinger and Jordan, Chapter 4 Name: EPS 50 Lab 2: Igneous Rocks Grotzinger and Jordan, Chapter 4 Introduction In the previous lab, we learned about mineral characteristics, properties and identities as well as the three basic rock

More information

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth 1 Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth Presentation modified from: Instructor Resource Center on CD-ROM, Foundations of Earth Science,, 4 th Edition, Lutgens/Tarbuck, Rock Cycle Igneous Rocks Today 2 Rock

More information

GY-343 Petrology Petrographic Microscope Laboratory

GY-343 Petrology Petrographic Microscope Laboratory Introduction to the Petrographic Microscope In this laboratory you will be using the petrographic microscope to analyze thin sections of various types of igneous rocks. You will be assigned a thin section

More information

Very high-k KREEP-rich clasts in the impact melt breccia of the lunar meteorite SaU 169: New constraints on the last residue of the Lunar Magma Ocean

Very high-k KREEP-rich clasts in the impact melt breccia of the lunar meteorite SaU 169: New constraints on the last residue of the Lunar Magma Ocean Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 85 (2012) 19 40 www.elsevier.com/locate/gca Very high-k KREEP-rich clasts in the impact melt breccia of the lunar meteorite SaU

More information

Chapter - IV PETROGRAPHY. Petrographic studies are an integral part of any structural or petrological studies in

Chapter - IV PETROGRAPHY. Petrographic studies are an integral part of any structural or petrological studies in Chapter - IV PETROGRAPHY 4.1. Introduction Petrographic studies are an integral part of any structural or petrological studies in identifying the mineral assemblages, assigning nomenclature and identifying

More information

Classification of Igneous Rocks

Classification of Igneous Rocks Classification of Igneous Rocks Textures: Glassy- no crystals formed Aphanitic- crystals too small to see by eye Phaneritic- can see the constituent minerals Fine grained- < 1 mm diameter Medium grained-

More information

Name. GEOL.3250 Geology for Engineers Igneous Rocks

Name. GEOL.3250 Geology for Engineers Igneous Rocks Name GEOL.3250 Geology for Engineers Igneous Rocks I. Introduction The bulk of the earth's crust is composed of relatively few minerals. These can be mixed together, however, to give an endless variety

More information

WORKING WITH ELECTRON MICROPROBE DATA FROM A HIGH PRESSURE EXPERIMENT CALCULATING MINERAL FORMULAS, UNIT CELL CONTENT, AND GEOTHERMOMETRY

WORKING WITH ELECTRON MICROPROBE DATA FROM A HIGH PRESSURE EXPERIMENT CALCULATING MINERAL FORMULAS, UNIT CELL CONTENT, AND GEOTHERMOMETRY WORKING WITH ELECTRON MICROPROBE DATA FROM A HIGH PRESSURE EXPERIMENT CALCULATING MINERAL FORMULAS, UNIT CELL CONTENT, AND GEOTHERMOMETRY Brandon E. Schwab Department of Geology Humboldt State University

More information

The Nature of Igneous Rocks

The Nature of Igneous Rocks The Nature of Igneous Rocks Form from Magma Hot, partially molten mixture of solid liquid and gas Mineral crystals form in the magma making a crystal slush Gases - H 2 O, CO 2, etc. - are dissolved in

More information

Petrogenesis of lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 2977: Constraints from in situ microprobe results

Petrogenesis of lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 2977: Constraints from in situ microprobe results Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45, Nr 12, 1929 1947 (2011) doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2010.01131.x Petrogenesis of lunar meteorite Northwest Africa 2977: Constraints from in situ microprobe results Ai-Cheng

More information

Igneous petrology EOSC 321

Igneous petrology EOSC 321 Igneous petrology EOSC 321 Laboratory 2: Determination of plagioclase composition. Mafic and intermediate plutonic rocks Learning Goals. After this Lab, you should be able: Determine plagioclase composition

More information

Geos 306, Mineralogy Final Exam, Dec 12, pts

Geos 306, Mineralogy Final Exam, Dec 12, pts Name: Geos 306, Mineralogy Final Exam, Dec 12, 2014 200 pts 1. (9 pts) What are the 4 most abundant elements found in the Earth and what are their atomic abundances? Create a reasonable hypothetical charge-balanced

More information

This work follows the international standard nomenclature (IUGS) in naming the

This work follows the international standard nomenclature (IUGS) in naming the CHAPTER FIVE: PETROGRAPHY This work follows the international standard nomenclature (IUGS) in naming the different Platreef rock types. It should be noted that new lithologies not described in chapter

More information

Lab 3 - Identification of Igneous Rocks

Lab 3 - Identification of Igneous Rocks Lab 3 - Identification of Igneous Rocks Page - 1 Introduction A rock is a substance made up of one or more different minerals. Thus an essential part of rock identification is the ability to correctly

More information

Name Class Date STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY

Name Class Date STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY Igneous Rocks What are igneous rocks? In your textbook, read about the nature of igneous rocks. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the following statements. extrusive igneous rock intrusive

More information

Field Trips. Field Trips

Field Trips. Field Trips Field Trips Saturday field trips have been scheduled October 9, October 23 and December 4 Last all day (9:00 AM to 4:00 PM) Bus transportation provided from campus Joint with GG101 laboratory, GG101 Section

More information

Igneous Processes I: Igneous Rock Formation, Compositions, and Textures

Igneous Processes I: Igneous Rock Formation, Compositions, and Textures Igneous Processes I: Igneous Rock Formation, Compositions, and Textures Crustal Abundances of Rock Types Igneous Rocks Form by the cooling and hardening (crystallization/glassification) of magma. There

More information

Name Petrology Spring 2006 Igneous rocks lab Part II Hand samples of igneous rocks Due Tuesday 3/7

Name Petrology Spring 2006 Igneous rocks lab Part II Hand samples of igneous rocks Due Tuesday 3/7 Igneous rocks lab Part II Hand samples of igneous rocks Due Tuesday 3/7 1. Use the color index and density of the rock to establish whether it is felsic, intermediate, mafic, or ultramafic. 2. Determine

More information

1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc

1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 1. Which mineral is mined for its iron content? A) hematite B) fluorite C) galena D) talc 2. Which material is made mostly of the mineral quartz? A) sulfuric acid B) pencil lead C) plaster of paris D)

More information

Igneous petrology EOSC 321 Laboratory 1: Ultramafic plutonic and volcanic rocks

Igneous petrology EOSC 321 Laboratory 1: Ultramafic plutonic and volcanic rocks 1 Igneous petrology EOSC 321 Laboratory 1: Ultramafic plutonic and volcanic rocks Material Needed: a) Microscope, b) Glossary of rock names and textures (see Pages 24-25 and 43 of Winter); c) Lab1 Manual

More information

tomographic studies of Stardust samples: a track and individual particles

tomographic studies of Stardust samples: a track and individual particles X-ray tomographic studies of Stardust samples: a track and individual particles A. Tsuchiyama 1, K. Uesugi 2, T. Nakano 3, T. Okazaki 1, T. Nakamura 4, A. Takeuchi 2, Y. Suzuki 2, and M. Zolensky 1 Department

More information

Geodiversity Research Centre, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.

Geodiversity Research Centre, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. Cumulate-rich xenolith suite in Late Cenozoic basaltic eruptives, Hepburn Lagoon, Newlyn, in relation to western Victorian lithosphere F. L. SUTHERLAND 1, J. D. HOLLIS 2, W. D. BIRCH 3, R. E. POGSON 1

More information

Chapter 3: Igneous Rocks 3.2 IGNEOUS ROCK ORIGIN

Chapter 3: Igneous Rocks 3.2 IGNEOUS ROCK ORIGIN Chapter 3: Igneous Rocks Adapted by Lyndsay R. Hauber & Michael B. Cuggy (2018) University of Saskatchewan from Deline B, Harris R & Tefend K. (2015) "Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology". First

More information

Imagine the first rock and the cycles that it has been through.

Imagine the first rock and the cycles that it has been through. A rock is a naturally formed, consolidated material usually composed of grains of one or more minerals The rock cycle shows how one type of rocky material gets transformed into another The Rock Cycle Representation

More information

Lab 4 - Identification of Igneous Rocks

Lab 4 - Identification of Igneous Rocks Lab 4 - Identification of Igneous Rocks Page - Introduction A rock is a substance made up of one or more different minerals. Thus an essential part of rock identification is the ability to correctly recognize

More information

Supporting Information

Supporting Information Supporting Information Bindi et al. 10.1073/pnas.1111115109 Fig. S1. Electron microprobe X-ray elemental maps for the grain reported in Fig. 1B. Experimental details are given in Experimental Methods.

More information

EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION LAB 2 HANDOUT

EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION LAB 2 HANDOUT EESC 4701: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION LAB 2 HANDOUT Sources: University of Washington, Texas A&M University, University of Southern Alabama What is an igneous rock (a

More information

Chapter 4 8/27/2013. Igneous Rocks. and Intrusive Igneous Activity. Introduction. The Properties and Behavior of Magma and Lava

Chapter 4 8/27/2013. Igneous Rocks. and Intrusive Igneous Activity. Introduction. The Properties and Behavior of Magma and Lava Introduction Chapter 4 Igneous rocks form by the cooling of magma (or lava). Large parts of the continents and all the oceanic crust are composed of. and Intrusive Igneous Activity The Properties and Behavior

More information

Framework Silicates & Building the Crust. JD Price

Framework Silicates & Building the Crust. JD Price Framework Silicates & Building the Crust JD Price Silicate Structure Silicate Structure (SiO2) Zeolites Zeolites have cage-like structures that store water (or other large molecules). Typically found in

More information

The 3 types of rocks:

The 3 types of rocks: Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity The 3 types of rocks:! Sedimentary! Igneous! Metamorphic Marble 1 10/7/15 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Come from rocks sediments (rock fragments, sand, silt, etc.) Fossils

More information

Name Petrology Spring 2006

Name Petrology Spring 2006 Igneous rocks lab Part I Due Tuesday 3/7 Igneous rock classification and textures For each of the rocks below, describe the texture, determine whether the rock is plutonic or volcanic, and describe its

More information

Common non-silicate planetary minerals

Common non-silicate planetary minerals Common non-silicate planetary minerals Many of the non-silicate minerals are simple oxides. Corundum Al2O3 Al2+3 O3-2 Rutile Ti2O3 Ti2+3 O3-2 Ilmenite FeTiO3 Fe+3Ti+3O3-2 Hematite Fe2O3 Fe2+3 O3-2 Families

More information

Silicates. The most common group of minerals forming the silicate Earth

Silicates. The most common group of minerals forming the silicate Earth Silicates The most common group of minerals forming the silicate Earth 25% of all minerals (~1000) 40% of rock forming minerals 90% of earth s crust i.e those minerals you are likely to find ~100 of earth

More information

Plate tectonics, rock cycle

Plate tectonics, rock cycle Dikes, Antarctica Rock Cycle Plate tectonics, rock cycle The Rock Cycle A rock is a naturally formed, consolidated material usually composed of grains of one or more minerals The rock cycle shows how one

More information

About Earth Materials

About Earth Materials Grotzinger Jordan Understanding Earth Sixth Edition Chapter 3: EARTH MATERIALS Minerals and Rocks 2011 by W. H. Freeman and Company About Earth Materials All Earth materials are composed of atoms bound

More information

23/9/2013 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY. Chapter 2: Rock classification:

23/9/2013 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY. Chapter 2: Rock classification: ENGINEERING GEOLOGY Chapter 2: Rock classification: ENGINEERING GEOLOGY Chapter 1.0: Introduction to engineering geology Chapter 2.0: Rock classification Igneous rocks Sedimentary rocks Metamorphic rocks

More information

EARTH SCIENCE. Geology, the Environment and the Universe. Chapter 5: Igneous Rocks

EARTH SCIENCE. Geology, the Environment and the Universe. Chapter 5: Igneous Rocks EARTH SCIENCE Geology, the Environment and the Universe Chapter 5: Igneous Rocks CHAPTER 5 Igneous Rocks Section 5.1 What are igneous rocks? Section 5.2 Classification of Igneous Rocks Click a hyperlink

More information

What is the Workflow for Hard Rock Visual Core Description and How Will it Benefit from CoreWall?

What is the Workflow for Hard Rock Visual Core Description and How Will it Benefit from CoreWall? What is the Workflow for Hard Rock Visual Core Description and How Will it Benefit from CoreWall? Clive R. Neal Department of Civil Eng. & Geological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN

More information

6. IGNEOUS ROCKS AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS

6. IGNEOUS ROCKS AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS LAST NAME (ALL IN CAPS): FIRST NAME: 6. IGNEOUS ROCKS AND VOLCANIC HAZARDS Instructions: Refer to Laboratory 5 in your lab book on pages 129-152 to answer the questions in this work sheet. Your work will

More information

Shock Metamorphism in Ordinary Chondrites: Constraining Pressure and Temperature History. Jinping Hu

Shock Metamorphism in Ordinary Chondrites: Constraining Pressure and Temperature History. Jinping Hu Shock Metamorphism in Ordinary Chondrites: Constraining Pressure and Temperature History by Jinping Hu A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

More information

A. One component system (c = 1)

A. One component system (c = 1) A. One component system (c = 1) Example: SiO 2 system. Since all phases in this system have the same composition, there are no compositional variables to consider. Phase equilibria can be shown completely

More information

Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms. From:

Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms. From: Minerals II: Physical Properties and Crystal Forms From: http://webmineral.com/data/rhodochrosite.shtml The Physical Properties of Minerals Color Streak Luster Hardness External Crystal Form Cleavage The

More information

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS

305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS DATE DUE: Name: Instructor: Ms. Terry J. Boroughs Geology 305 ATOMS, ELEMENTS, AND MINERALS Instructions: Read each question carefully before selecting the BEST answer. Use GEOLOGIC VOCABULARY where APPLICABLE!

More information

GEOL 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Spring 2016 Score / 58. Midterm 1 Chapters 1-10

GEOL 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Spring 2016 Score / 58. Midterm 1 Chapters 1-10 GEOL 2312 Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Name KEY Spring 2016 Score / 58 Midterm 1 Chapters 1-10 1) Name two things that petrologists want to know about magmas (1 pt) Formation, source, composition,

More information

10/20/2015. How is magma different from lava? Magma is molten rock below the Earth s surface. Lava is magma that flows out onto Earth s surface.

10/20/2015. How is magma different from lava? Magma is molten rock below the Earth s surface. Lava is magma that flows out onto Earth s surface. Chapter 5 What are igneous rocks? How do they form? Igneous rocks are rocks that form when molten material cools and crystallizes. Molten material can be either magma or lava. How is magma different from

More information

Igneous and Metamorphic Rock Forming Minerals. Department of Geology Mr. Victor Tibane SGM 210_2013

Igneous and Metamorphic Rock Forming Minerals. Department of Geology Mr. Victor Tibane SGM 210_2013 Igneous and Metamorphic Rock Forming Minerals Department of Geology Mr. Victor Tibane 1 SGM 210_2013 Grotzinger Jordan Understanding Earth Sixth Edition Chapter 4: IGNEOUS ROCKS Solids from Melts 2011

More information

Essentials of Geology, 11e

Essentials of Geology, 11e Essentials of Geology, 11e Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Activity Chapter 3 Instructor Jennifer Barson Spokane Falls Community College Geology 101 Stanley Hatfield Southwestern Illinois College Characteristics

More information

Name Class Date STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY

Name Class Date STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERY Igneous Rocks What are igneous rocks? In your textbook, read about the nature of igneous rocks. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the following statements. extrusive igneous rock intrusive

More information

ENVI.2030L Rock Identification

ENVI.2030L Rock Identification ENVI.2030L Rock Identification Name I. Introduction The bulk of the earth's crust is composed of relatively few minerals. These can be mixed together, however, to give an endless variety of rocks - aggregates

More information

This slide show is intended to help you understand important types of rocks.

This slide show is intended to help you understand important types of rocks. Rocks Mrs. Comer This slide show is intended to help you understand important types of rocks. The diagram in the next slide represents the ROCK CYCLE a scheme that represents the processes of continuous

More information

Hole 340-U1393A-1H Section 1, Top of Section: 0.0 CSF-A (m)

Hole 340-U1393A-1H Section 1, Top of Section: 0.0 CSF-A (m) Hole 4-U9A-H Section, Top of Section:. CSF-A (m) Dark volcaniclastic coarse to very coarse sand, with rare granules (up to 4 mm), mainly andesitic lava with rare carbonate grains. Similar in composition

More information

ALLEGHENY COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY STUDENT HANDBOOK

ALLEGHENY COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY STUDENT HANDBOOK ALLEGHENY COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY STUDENT HANDBOOK This handbook is designed as a resource for all geology majors and minors. The material contained in the handbook includes foundation principles

More information

Igneous Rock Classification, Processes and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 100

Igneous Rock Classification, Processes and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 100 Igneous Rock Classification, Processes and Identification Physical Geology GEOL 100 Ray Rector - Instructor Major Concepts 1) Igneous rocks form directly from the crystallization of a magma or lava 2)

More information

Examining Minerals and Rocks

Examining Minerals and Rocks Examining Minerals and Rocks What is a mineral? A mineral is homogenous, naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition, a highly ordered

More information

Springshed Management Training Curriculum Authored by Springs Initiative partners

Springshed Management Training Curriculum Authored by Springs Initiative partners Springshed Management Training Curriculum 2016 Authored by Springs Initiative partners Springshed Management Training Curriculum, Draft 2 SESSION TITLE: Rocks Hands-On Practical Session SECTION: Understanding

More information

HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY [ ]

HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY [ ] HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY [ ] 2011.12.13 Objectives of this study Impact phenomena; Planetary formation and evolution, origin of meteorites, and origin of life How we reveal the shock strength in impacts from

More information

Running Head. Keywords: metamorphism < Thermal, Feldspar, Metasomatism, Phosphates

Running Head. Keywords: metamorphism < Thermal, Feldspar, Metasomatism, Phosphates Phosphate and Feldspar Mineralogy of Equilibrated L Chondrites: The Record of Metasomatism During Metamorphism in Ordinary Chondrite Parent Bodies Journal: Manuscript ID MAPS-.R Manuscript Type: Article

More information

Phase Equilibrium. Phase Rule. Phase Diagram

Phase Equilibrium. Phase Rule. Phase Diagram Phase Equilibrium Phase Rule Phase Diagram Makaopuhi Lava Lake Magma samples recovered from various depths beneath solid crust From Wright and Okamura, (1977) USGS Prof. Paper, 1004. Makaopuhi Lava Lake

More information

PETROGENESIS OF A SERIES OF MAFIC SHEETS WITHIN THE VINALHAVEN PLUTON, VINALHAVEN ISLAND, MAINE

PETROGENESIS OF A SERIES OF MAFIC SHEETS WITHIN THE VINALHAVEN PLUTON, VINALHAVEN ISLAND, MAINE PETROGENESIS OF A SERIES OF MAFIC SHEETS WITHIN THE VINALHAVEN PLUTON, VINALHAVEN ISLAND, MAINE DANIEL HAWKINS Western Kentucky University Research Advisor: Andrew Wulff INTRODUCTION Round Point, in the

More information

Engineering Geology. Igneous rocks. Hussien Al - deeky

Engineering Geology. Igneous rocks. Hussien Al - deeky Igneous rocks Hussien Al - deeky 1 The Geology Definition of Rocks In Geology Rock is defined as the solid material forming the outer rocky shell or crust of the earth. There are three major groups of

More information

PETROGRAPHIC MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATES FROM DEVOLL HYDROPOWER PROJECT

PETROGRAPHIC MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATES FROM DEVOLL HYDROPOWER PROJECT PETROGRAPHIC MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATES FROM DEVOLL HYDROPOWER PROJECT Rezarta QEMALLAJ 1,dr. ing. Alma GOLGOTA 1 Authors Affiliations: Prof.Dr. Marie Koçi 1 ( KIBE1 Laborator, Durres, Albania)

More information

Supplementary Figure 1 Panoramic view of four sites (CE-0005, CE-0006, CE-0007, and CE-0008) measured by APXS and VNIS. Images (a), (b), and (d) were

Supplementary Figure 1 Panoramic view of four sites (CE-0005, CE-0006, CE-0007, and CE-0008) measured by APXS and VNIS. Images (a), (b), and (d) were Supplementary Figure 1 Panoramic view of four sites (CE-0005, CE-0006, CE-0007, and CE-0008) measured by APXS and VNIS. Images (a), (b), and (d) were acquired by the Panoramic Camera at the CE3-0007 site,

More information

1 - C Systems. The system H 2 O. Heat an ice at 1 atm from-5 to 120 o C. Heat vs. Temperature

1 - C Systems. The system H 2 O. Heat an ice at 1 atm from-5 to 120 o C. Heat vs. Temperature 1 - C Systems The system H 2 O Heat an ice at 1 atm from-5 to 120 o C Heat vs. Temperature Fig. 6.7. After Bridgman (1911) Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., 5, 441-513; (1936) J. Chem. Phys., 3, 597-605;

More information

Petrology and geochemistry of lunar granite 12032, and

Petrology and geochemistry of lunar granite 12032, and 1 2 3 Revision 1 Petrology and geochemistry of lunar granite 12032,366-19 and implications for lunar granite petrogenesis 4 5 6 7 8 Stephen M. Seddio 1,*, Bradley L. Jolliff 1, Randy L. Korotev 1, and

More information

GEOLOGY 333 LAB 5. Light Mechanics

GEOLOGY 333 LAB 5. Light Mechanics GEOLOGY 333 LAB 5 OPTICAL MICROSCOPY & MINERALS IN THIN SECTION Light Mechanics Light Waves: Visible light travels in waves, which have measurable wavelengths, frequencies, and velocities Wavelength (

More information

9/4/2015. Feldspars White, pink, variable Clays White perfect Quartz Colourless, white, red, None

9/4/2015. Feldspars White, pink, variable Clays White perfect Quartz Colourless, white, red, None ENGINEERING GEOLOGY Chapter 1.0: Introduction to engineering geology Chapter 2.0: Rock classification Igneous rocks Sedimentary rocks Metamorphic rocks Chapter 3.0: Weathering & soils Chapter 4.0: Geological

More information

Trinitite the Atomic Rock

Trinitite the Atomic Rock Trinitite the Atomic Rock Nelson Eby, EEAS, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA Norman Charnley, Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK John Smoliga, Roxbury, CT Special thanks to Robert

More information

Igneous Rocks. Igneous Rocks - 1. Environment of Formation - Magma - Plutonic - rock that formed within the Earth. Intrusive - Earth s crust.

Igneous Rocks. Igneous Rocks - 1. Environment of Formation - Magma - Plutonic - rock that formed within the Earth. Intrusive - Earth s crust. Name: Date: Period: Minerals and Rocks The Physical Setting: Earth Science CLASS NOTES - Methods to classify igneous rocks: 1. Environment of Formation - Magma - Plutonic - rock that formed within the

More information

Amphibole. Note the purple to blue-gray pleochroism in the glaucophane in this slide.

Amphibole. Note the purple to blue-gray pleochroism in the glaucophane in this slide. Amphibole Glaucophane blue Note the purple to blue-gray pleochroism in the glaucophane in this slide. Glaucophane blue Note the anomalous blue-gray interference colors in the glaucophane in this slide.

More information

Edited by Henry J. Melosh, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, and approved February 8, 2011 (received for review November 10, 2010)

Edited by Henry J. Melosh, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, and approved February 8, 2011 (received for review November 10, 2010) Natural dissociation of olivine to ðmg,feþsio 3 perovskite and magnesiowüstite in a shocked Martian meteorite Masaaki Miyahara a,1, Eiji Ohtani a, Shin Ozawa a, Makoto Kimura b, Ahmed El Goresy c, Takeshi

More information

CHAPTER ROCK WERE FORMED

CHAPTER ROCK WERE FORMED HOW CHAPTER 5 ROCK WERE FORMED 1 I. Modern geology- 1795 A. James Hutton- 1. uniformitarianism- "the present is the key to the past" a. b. the geologic processes now at work were also active in the past

More information

CHAPTER ROCK WERE FORMED

CHAPTER ROCK WERE FORMED HOW CHAPTER 3 ROCK WERE FORMED 1 I. Modern geology- 1795 A. James Hutton- 1. uniformitarianism- "the present is the key to the past" a. b. the geologic processes now at work were also active in the past

More information

Effects of glass content and oxidation on the spectra of SNC-like basalts: Applications to Mars remote sensing

Effects of glass content and oxidation on the spectra of SNC-like basalts: Applications to Mars remote sensing JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. E5, 5030, 10.1029/2001JE001518, 2002 Effects of glass content and oxidation on the spectra of SNC-like basalts: Applications to Mars remote sensing Michelle

More information

Rocks. Rocks are composed of 1 or more minerals. Rocks are classified based on how they formed (origin). 3 classes of rocks:

Rocks. Rocks are composed of 1 or more minerals. Rocks are classified based on how they formed (origin). 3 classes of rocks: ROCKS Rocks If a mineral is a naturally occurring homogeneous solid, inorganically formed, with a definite chemical composi:on and a crystalline structure then what is a rock? Rocks Rocks are composed

More information