Chapter 16 Minerals: A Non-renewable Resource
|
|
- Reynold Norris
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Chapter 16 Minerals: A Non-renewable Resource
2 Overview of Chapter 16 o Introduction to Minerals Mineral Distribution and Formation How Minerals are Found and Extracted o Environmental Impact of Minerals o An International Perspective o Increasing the Supply of Minerals o Substitution and Conservation
3 Introduction to Minerals o Minerals Elements or compounds of elements that occur naturally in Earth s crust o Rocks Naturally formed aggregates of minerals o Examples of Minerals Concrete (mixture of sand, gravel and limestone)
4 Introduction to Minerals o Examples of Minerals Table salt (nonmetal) Copper (metal)
5 Mineral Distribution and Formation o Abundant minerals in crust Aluminum and iron o Scarce minerals in crust Copper, chromium, and molybdenum o Distributed unevenly across globe If found in low abundance, mining is not profitable
6 Formation of Mineral Deposits o Result of natural processes Magmatic concentration As magma cools heavier elements (Fe and Mg) settle Responsible for deposits of Fe, Cu, Ni, Cr Hydrothermal processes Minerals are carried and deposited by water heated deep in earth s crust Sedimentation Weathered particles are transported by water and deposited as sediment on sea floor or shore Evaporation Salts are left behind after water body dries up
7 Discovering Mineral Deposits o Scientists (geologists) use a variety of instruments and measurements Aerial or satellite photography Aircraft and satellite instruments that measure Earth s magnetic field Seismographs o Combine this with knowledge of how minerals are formed
8 Extracting Minerals o Surface Mining Mineral and energy resources are extracted near Earth s surface by removing soil, subsoil and over-lying rock strata More common because less expensive Two kinds: open pit and strip mining o Subsurface Mining Mineral and energy resources are extracted from deep underground deposits Two kinds: shaft mine and slope mine
9 Extracting Minerals- Open Pit Surface Mining
10 o Smeltingprocess in which ore is melted at high temps to separate impurities from the molten metal Processing Minerals
11 Environmental Impacts of Minerals o Disturbs large area Prone to erosion o Uses large quantities of water Must pump water out of mine to keep it dry o Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Pollution caused when sulfuric acid and dissolved lead, arsenic or cadmium wash out of mines into nearby waterways
12 Environmental Impacts of Refining Minerals
13 Environmental Impacts of Refining Minerals o 80% or more of mined ore consists of impurities- called tailings Contain toxic materials o Smelting plants emit large amounts of air pollutants o Requires a lot of energy (fossil fuels combustion)
14 Case-In-Point Copper Basin, TN
15 Restoration of Mining Lands o Goals: prevent further degradation and erosion of land, eliminate local sources of toxins and make land productive for another purpose
16 Restoration of Mining Land o Creative Approaches o - Wetlands Trap sediment and pollutants before they get into streams, improving water quality Expensive to create and maintain, but cost effective compared to using lime to decrease acidity o - Phytoremediation Use of specific plants to absorb and accumulate toxic materials in soil Great potential
17 Minerals: An International Perspective o Highly developed countries rely on mineral deposits in developing countries They have exhausted their own supplies o Governments in developing countries lack financial resources to handle pollution Acid mine drainage Air and water pollution
18 North American Consumption of Selected Metals
19 Will We Run Out of Important Metals? o Mineral Reserves Mineral deposits that have been identified and are currently profitable to extract
20 Increasing Supply of Minerals Locating and Mining New Deposits o Many known mineral deposits have not yet been exploited Difficult to access Insufficient technology Ex: Malaria ridden forests of Indonesia Ex: polar regions Located too deep Ex: 10km or deeper
21 Increasing Supply of Minerals Minerals in Antarctica o No substantial mineral deposits identified to date o Antarctica Treaty (1961) o Geologists feel they will be discovered in near future No one owns Antarctica Limits activity to peaceful uses (i.e. scientific studies) Madrid Protocol (1990) Moratorium on mineral exploration and development for minimum of 50 years
22 Increasing Supply of MineralsMinerals from the Ocean o May provide us with future supplies Extracting minerals from seawater Mining seafloor- Manganese nodules (below)
23 Advance Mining and Processing Technologies o Special techniques to make use of large, low-grade mineral deposits world-wide o Currently requires a lot of energy Biomining Using microorganisms to extract minerals from low-grade ores
24 Finding Mineral Substitutes o Important goal in manufacturing o o Driven by economics- cut costs! Substitute expensive/scarce mineral resources for inexpensive/abundant ones Examples: Using plastic, glass or aluminum in place of tin Using plastic instead of lead and steel in telecommunications cables Using glass fibers instead of copper wiring in telephone cables
25 Mineral Conservation o Includes reuse and recycling of existing mineral supplies Reuse- using items over and over again Reduces both mineral consumption and pollution Benefits greater than recycling Recycling- converting item into new product Common practice throughout industrialized world Reduces land destruction from mining Reduces solid waste Decreases energy consumption and pollution
26 Changing Our Mineral Requirements o Must change out throw away mentality Damaged or unneeded articles are thrown away
27 Mineral Flow in an Industrial Society
15 Mineral Resources
15 Mineral Resources Overview of Chapter 15 Introduction to Minerals Environmental Impact Associated with Minerals An International Perspective Increasing the Supply of Minerals Using Substitution and
More informationRocks, Minerals, & Mining. (I ain t sayin she a golddigga)
Rocks, Minerals, & Mining (I ain t sayin she a golddigga) The Rock Cycle! Rocks are made up of multiple minerals. Minerals are made up of multiple elements. Rocks and minerals recycle or change due to
More informationComposition of the crust. Ore deposits. Ore distribution. Resources: Mineral resources. Reading: Today: Ch 12 (to p306)
Composition of the crust Resources: Mineral resources Reading: Today: Ch 12 (to p306) QUESTION Ore deposits A rock containing a useful metal in a useable concentration Ore distribution by definition ore
More informationMineral resources. Composition of the crust. Resources: Reading: Today: Ch 12 (to p306) QUESTION Environmental Geology Mineral resources
Resources: Mineral resources Reading: Today: Ch 12 (to p306) QUESTION Composition of the crust 1 Ore deposits A rock containing a useful metal in a useable concentration Concentration factor = concentration
More informationGeology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources
Environmental Science, 15e MILLER/SPOOLMAN G. TYLER MILLER SCOTT E. SPOOLMAN 12 Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources Core Case Study: The Crucial Importance of Rare Earth Metals There are 17 rare
More informationDo Now - APES. Due Next Class. Mining HW. Work on QSC using today s notes
Do Now - APES 1. Grab a chromebook 2. Log on to Albert.io & work on The Living World Loss of Biodiversity Soil & Soil Dynamics Fishing (10min) Mining HW Due Next Class Work on QSC using today s notes Do
More informationUnit 4 Earth Systems and Resources
Unit 4 Earth Systems and Resources The Earth s resources were determined when the planet formed. The Earth s Layers Core- the innermost zone of the planet made of nickel and iron. Inner core (soild) &
More informationChapter 8 Earth Systems and Resources
Chapter 8 Earth Systems and Resources Earth s resources were determined when the planet formed. The Earth s Crust Layers Core: innermost zone of the planet, largely nickel and iron. Mantle: above the core,
More informationMineral Resources. Mineral Resources
Page 1 of 7 EENS 1110 Tulane University Physical Geology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Mineral Resources This page last updated on 20-Mar-2012 Mineral Resources Almost all Earth materials are used by humans
More informationChapter 15. Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources 1/17/2016. Core Case Study: The Nanotechnology Revolution GEOLOGIC PROCESSES
Chapter 15 Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources Core Case Study: The Nanotechnology Revolution Nanotechnology uses science and engineering to create materials out of atoms and molecules at the scale
More informationRocks and Minerals. Goal 2.1 Lesson 1
Rocks and Minerals Goal 2.1 Lesson 1 Think About It What are rocks made of? Focus Question What are Earth s materials made of? A Definition: A Mineral is/has 1. Naturally occurring Plastic is not a mineral!
More informationHow do you define Resource? Resources
Resources Resources are like air - of no great importance until you are not getting any Anonymous How do you define Resource? Your textbook defines a resource as the following In economic terms, anything
More informationcore mantle crust the center of the Earth the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock
core the center of the Earth mantle the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock crust the surface layer of the Earth that includes the continents and oceans 1 continental drift the theory
More informationEarth s Resources. Earth s Surface
Earth s Resources Earth s Surface Earth s surface is made up of a layer of rock called the crust. The crust covers all of Earth. It is several miles thick. Most of the crust is under water. The upper part
More informationGeologic Resources. Geologic Resources and Society. Geologic Resources and Society
Geologic Resources Our entire society rests upon - and is dependent upon - our water, our land, our forests, and our minerals. How we use these resources influences our health, security, economy, and well-being.
More informationChapter 1 Rocks and minerals and their exploitation
Chapter 1 Rocks and minerals and their exploitation 1 Learning outcomes By the end of this chapter, you will be able to: describe, with examples, the characteristics of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
More informationThe Earth s Layers. Convection and Hot Spots. The Earth s Layers. The Earth s resources were determined when the planet formed.
The Earth s resources were determined when the planet formed. Chapter 8 Earth Systems and Resources The Earth s Layers Core- the innermost zone of the planet made of nickel and iron. Mantle- above the
More information6th Grade Science Sample Assessment Items S6E3c.
Composition 6th Grade Science Sample Assessment Items Ocean water differs from freshwater in that it has. A. a lower temperature B. a higher temperature C. a higher concentration of silicon dioxide D.
More information14.2 Ocean Floor Features Mapping the Ocean Floor
14.2 Ocean Floor Features Mapping the Ocean Floor The ocean floor regions are the continental margins, the ocean basin floor, and the mid-ocean ridge. 14.2 Ocean Floor Features Continental Margins A continental
More informationCarbon Cycling Internal
Carbon Cycling Internal The 4 subcycles Atmosphere The Earth s Atmosphere The Earth has a radius of some 6400 km. Ninety-nine percent of the earth's atmosphere is contained within a layer approximately
More informationChapter 8 Earth Systems
Chapter 8 Earth Systems Friedland and Relyea Environmental Science for AP, second edition 2015 W.H. Freeman and Company/BFW AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which was not
More informationChapter 9 : Rocks and Minerals. Section 1: Minerals Earth s Jewels
Chapter 9 : Rocks and Minerals Section 1: Minerals Earth s Jewels **Definition of Minerals Minerals are: naturally occurring, inorganic, solid materials, with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline
More informationClassify Rock (rock1)
Name: Date: 1. Cleavage of a mineral is related to a mineral's A. chemical composition. B. streak color. C. luster. D. crystalline structure. 2. Which is not part of the definition of a mineral? A. naturally
More informationAQA C1 Atomic Structure
AQA C1 Atomic Structure What s in an atom? Elements in the periodic have different sizes of atoms. The size of the atoms depends on the number of protons, electrons and neutrons they have. Each element
More informationWhy care about Rocks? Minerals. Minerals (examples) Minerals (examples) 11/29/2017. Energy & Commerce. History of the Earth.
12-4-17 ROCK CYCLE NOTES Why care about Rocks? Energy & Commerce Fossil Fuels Gems Countertops & other building materials History of the Earth Dinosaurs, Past Climates, Pangaea Other Planets Meteorites
More informationMinerals and Rocks. Environmental Learning Community CORC 1332 Sept 21, 2010
Minerals and Rocks Environmental Learning Community CORC 1332 Sept 21, 2010 Outline Quiz More on minerals Twinkies Rocks How can you identify one mineral from another? Distinguishing One Mineral from Another
More informationWhat is a sedimentary rock?
Sedimentary Rocks What is a sedimentary rock? Sedimentary rocks are products of mechanical and chemical weathering They account for only 5% of the top 10 miles of the outer crust, yet most of the earth
More informationReal-Life Applications: Economic Mineral Deposits
Real-Life Applications: Economic Mineral Deposits Economic Minerals Economic minerals are minerals that can be extracted, processed and marketed for a profit. Various factors determine if a mineral is
More information12 10 8 6 4 2 0 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 Fresh Water What we will cover The Hydrologic Cycle River systems Floods Groundwater Caves and Karst Topography Hot springs Distribution of water in
More informationMineral Formation & Mining
Words Worth Knowing Pluton Pegmatite Limestone Ore Mining Mineral Formation & Mining Take notes using pages 11 and 13 in your ISN all RED words must be in notes 1 How do minerals form? Magma Plutons Magma
More informationSedimentary Rocks Chapter 6
Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 6 I. What is a sedimentary rock? A. Sedimentary rock 1) Rock made of detrital sediments (such as sand) or inorganic/organic chemical precipitates (such as calcite) 2) Detrital
More informationSustainable Energy Science and Engineering Center GEOTHERMAL ENERGY. Sustainable Energy Sources. Source:
Sustainable Energy Sources GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Earth s Temperature Profile GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Plate Tectonics Earth's crust is broken into huge plates that move apart or push together at about the rate our
More information6/20/2018. Lesson 1 (Properties of Minerals) 6 th Grade. Earth s Structure Chapter 2: Minerals and Rocks. density =
6 th Grade Earth s Structure Chapter 2: Minerals and Rocks Mineral Lesson 1 (Properties of Minerals) a mineral must meet all four of the following requirements: 1. must be naturally-occurring (formed by
More informationFigure 1.2. Growth of the world s population through history. Notice the sharp drop due to the Black Death that struck Europe in 1348, and the sharp
Figure 1.2. Growth of the world s population through history. Notice the sharp drop due to the Black Death that struck Europe in 1348, and the sharp rise that occurred in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
More informationChapter: Weathering and Erosion
Chapter: Weathering and Erosion Section 1: Weathering and Soil Formation Minerals form rocks Rocks form soil Weathering Weathering is a mechanical or chemical surface process that breaks rocks into smaller
More informationSmall area of the ocean that is partially surrounded by land. The Ocean Basins. Three Major Oceans. Three Major Oceans. What is a SEA?
The Ocean Basins How Deep is the Ocean? 1 2 Three Major Oceans Three Major Oceans Pacific Atlantic the shallowest ocean (3.3km average depth) Indian second shallowest ocean (3.8km average depth) Pacific
More informationMinerals. Natural Solid Inorganic Definite chemical composition Crystal structure due to internal arrangement of atoms
Minerals Natural Solid Inorganic Definite chemical composition Crystal structure due to internal arrangement of atoms http://www.minerals.net/gemstone/index.htm http://www.mii.org/www.mii.org General Facts
More informationGrade 8 Learning Objectives MS-PS2-4.
MS-PS2-4. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. [Clarification Statement: Examples
More information2 Igneous Rock. How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture of igneous rock? BEFORE YOU READ. Rocks: Mineral Mixtures
CHAPTER 2 2 Igneous Rock SECTION Rocks: Mineral Mixtures BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How do igneous rocks form? What factors affect the texture
More informationMinerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 2. Based on: Earth Science, 10e
Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Chapter 2 Based on: Earth Science, 10e Minerals: the building blocks of rocks Definition of a mineral Solid Inorganic Natural Crystalline Structure - Possess an orderly
More informationThe Water Planet Ch. 22
The Water Planet Ch. 22 What is Oceanography? the study of the Earth s oceans using chemistry, biology, geology, and physics. Oceans cover 70% of the Earth s surface Ocean Research 22.1 The use of submarines
More informationSedimentary Rocks. All sedimentary rocks begin to form when existing rocks are broken down into sediments Sediments are mainly weathered debris
Rocks! Objectives Describe the major processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock Distinguish between clastic sedimentary rocks and chemical sedimentary rocks Identify the features that are
More informationRocks Rock- A group of minerals, glass, mineroid bound together in some way.
Rocks Rock- A group of minerals, glass, mineroid bound together in some way. All rocks fit into one of three categories: Igneous- formed by the cooling and hardening of hot molten rock Sedimentary- formed
More informationName Date Class. Directions: Use the diagram below to answer question Florida Progress Monitoring and Benchmark Assessments
b e n c h m a r k t e s t : e a r t h a n d s p a c e s c i e n c e Multiple Choice 1. Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth s interior by A measuring pressure differences at Earth s surface.
More informationKISS Resources for NSW Syllabuses & Australian Curriculum.
Discusssion / Activity 1 Structure of the Earth Student Name... 1. Outline how we think the Sun & planets formed. The solar system formed from a cloud of gas & dust. Part of the cloud collapsed under gravity
More informationUnit E: Planet Earth. Topic 2: The Rock Cycle and Characteristics of Rocks
Unit E: Planet Earth Topic 2: The Rock Cycle and Characteristics of Rocks 1 2.1 Three Classes of Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic A. How Rocks Are Formed B. Types of Rock 1. All rocks can be
More informationSection 1: Earth s Interior and Plate Tectonics Section 2: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Section 3: Minerals and Rocks Section 4: Weathering and Erosion
Section 1: Earth s Interior and Plate Tectonics Section 2: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Section 3: Minerals and Rocks Section 4: Weathering and Erosion Key Terms Crust Mantle Core Lithosphere Plate Tectonics
More informationStudy Guide for Test : Minerals, Rock Cycle & Mining
Name: Date: Period: Study Guide for Test : Minerals, Rock Cycle & Mining Copy of Class Notes at http://feldmannscience.weebly.com Access website by computer or mobile device! Tutoring offered after school
More informationabrasion the rubbing, grinding, and bumping of rocks that cause physical weathering (SRB, IG)
FOSS Soils, Rocks, and Landforms Module Glossary NGSS Edition 2019 abrasion the rubbing, grinding, and bumping of rocks that cause physical weathering (SRB, IG) acid a substance that geologists use to
More informationEarth Science 11: Earth Materials, Sedimentary Rocks
Name: Date: Earth Science 11: Earth Materials, Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 1, pages 56 to 66 2.4: Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary Rock Formation All sedimentary rocks form through compaction and cementation
More informationElements Minerals Rock
Elements Minerals Rock Minerals Naturally occurring Solid Inorganic/Non-living Fixed chemical formula Crystalline structure Identified by hardness characteristic Minerals (examples) Halite(table salt)
More informationInternet Interactive Rock Cycle
Internet Interactive Rock Cycle Directions: Go to the website http://www.uky.edu/as/geology/howell/goodies/elearning/module05swf.swf and answer the questions below. Part I: Igneous Rocks (click on Igneous
More informationOcean Floor. Continental Margins. Divided into 3 major regions. Continental Margins. Ocean Basins. Mid-Ocean Ridges. Include:
Ocean Floor Divided into 3 major regions Continental Margins Ocean Basins Mid-Ocean Ridges Continental Margins Include: Continental Shelves Continental Slopes Continental Rise 1 Continental Shelves Part
More informationARE YOU READY TO THINK? Look at the first slide THINK PAIR SHARE!
ARE YOU READY TO THINK? Look at the first slide THINK PAIR SHARE! WHAT PROMINENT FEATURE CAN YOU IDENTIFY IN THIS PICTURE? What do you think the different colors represent? Who might find such a picture
More informationTracking Resources and Estimating Future Supplies
Tracking Resources and Estimating Future Supplies Larry Meinert Mineral Resources Program, USGS Oct. 29, 2013 Pardee P12: Resourcing Future Generations U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey
More information4 th Grade Science Unit C: Earth Sciences Chapter 6: Minerals and Rocks Lesson 1: What are minerals?
4 th Grade Science Unit C: Earth Sciences Chapter 6: Minerals and Rocks Lesson 1: What are minerals? mineral A mineral is a natural, nonliving, solid crystal that makes up rocks. All over the world, each
More informationIgneous. Sedimentary Transformation by heat and pressure
Melting, cooling and hardening Turns you into an Igneous Rock! Limestone A Sedimentary Rock Erosion, deposition and cementation Turns you into a Sedimentary Rock! Transformation by heat and pressure Turns
More informationGrade 8 Science. Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2
Grade 8 Science Unit 1: Water Systems on Earth Chapter 2 Oceans are important... 1. Primary water source for the water cycle 2. Control weather 3. Support diverse life 4. Provides humans with food, minerals,
More informationHope Brook gold mine, NL - Copper, then switched to gold
Chapter 12 : Mining in NL Defined as the extraction of valuable minerals from Earth from an ore body, vein, or seam. A mineral is any chemical substance arranged in some crystalline structure. - must have
More informationQuestion. What caused the recent explosive eruptions of hot ash and gas at Kilauea s Halema uma u crater:
OCN 201 Deep Sea Sediments Question What caused the recent explosive eruptions of hot ash and gas at Kilauea s Halema uma u crater: A. The interaction of lava with seawater B. Drainage of the lava lake
More informationRocks & Minerals. Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals. What is a mineral? What is a mineral?
Rocks & Minerals What is a mineral? A mineral must have 5 specific characteristics to be considered a mineral a. b. c. d. e. Naturally occurring - formed by natural processes. Solid - must have a definite
More informationVersion Date 6/26/17. Disciplinary Core Ideas (Framework)
1 Earth Is Rock 1 What's the Story of This Place? Students consider the history of Earth and begin to think about rock and landforms as a source of for Earth s past. An Earth tour provides a sense of the
More informationChapter 2: Physical Geography
Chapter 2: Physical Geography Pg. 39-68 Learning Goals for Chp2: q q q q q Explain how the Earth moves in space and why seasons change. Outline the factors that influence climate and recognize different
More informationCatastrophic Events Impact on Ecosystems
Catastrophic Events Impact on Ecosystems Hurricanes Hurricanes An intense, rotating oceanic weather system with sustained winds of at least 74 mph and a welldefined eye Conditions for formation: Warm water
More informationName: Period: Date: ID: A. Circle the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question and write the letter on the blank.
Name: Period: _ Date: _ ID: A Unit 7 Practice Circle the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question and write the letter on the blank. 1. What term describes the movement of rock
More informationA. IGNEOUS Rocks formed by cooling and hardening of hot molten rock called magma (within crust or at its surface).
EARTH SCIENCE 11 CHAPTER 5 NOTES KEY How Earth's Rocks Were Formed Early geologists believed that the physical features of the Earth were formed by sudden spectacular events called CATASTROPHES. Modern
More informationEARTH S CHANGING SURFACE
EARTH S CHANGING SURFACE Weathering Together, weathering and erosion work continuously to wear down the material on Earth s surface. weathering process that breaks down rock and other substances of Earth
More informationNC Earth Science Essential Standards
NC Earth Science Essential Standards EEn. 2.1 Explain how processes and forces affect the Lithosphere. EEn. 2.1.1 Explain how the rock cycle, plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the Lithosphere.
More informationMILLER/SPOOLMAN 17 TH LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT. Chapter 14 Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources
MILLER/SPOOLMAN LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT 17 TH Chapter 14 Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources Core Case Study: The Real Cost of Gold Gold producers China South Africa Australia United States Canada
More informationWeathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Landscape Development
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Landscape Development I. Weathering - the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles, also called sediments, by natural processes. Weathering is further divided into
More informationRocks and Weathering
Rocks and Weathering The Effects of Weathering The process of mountain building thrusts rock up to Earth s surface. Weathering is the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth s surface.
More informationabrasion the rubbing, grinding, and bumping of rocks that cause physical weathering (SRB, IG)
FOSS Soils, Rocks, and Landforms Module Glossary 3 rd Edition 2012 abrasion the rubbing, grinding, and bumping of rocks that cause physical weathering (SRB, IG) acid a substance that geologists use to
More informationQ. How do we know about the Earth s history? A. The ROCKS tell us stories
Q. How do we know about the Earth s history? A. The ROCKS tell us stories Q. What happened here? Q. What happened here? Q. What happened here? Vocabulary word: Uniformitarianism the scientific rule that
More informationGeology 12 FINAL EXAM PREP. Possible Written Response Exam Questions
Geology 12 FINAL EXAM PREP Possible Written Response Exam Questions Use this study guide to prepare for the written response portion of the final exam. Name FINAL EXAM - POSSIBLE WRITTEN RESPONSE QUESTIONS
More informationLecture 26: Marine Geology Read: Chapter 21 Homework due December 3
Learning Objectives (LO) Lecture 26: Marine Geology Read: Chapter 21 Homework due December 3 What we ll learn today:! 1. Describe the world s five oceans! 2. Understand patterns of ocean circulation! 3.
More informationWho Am I? S6E5 Science Rocks
Who Am I? S6E5 Science Rocks Chapter 2 Minerals and Rocks 1. I am naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition. Who am I? 2. There are five characteristics
More informationScience 8 - Water Systems Test - Chapters 1-2
Science 8 - Water Systems Test - Chapters 1-2 Multiple Choice (30 marks) Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What percentage represents the amount of fresh
More informationTHE CHANGING SURFACE OF THE EARTH
THE CHANGING SURFACE OF THE EARTH Key words Drain geological agent weathering erosion Sediment deposition transport The landscape is a consequence of the action of two types of geological processes; internal
More informationQuiz 7 Answers and Explanations
Geography 1000 Physical Geography AJ Allred, Adjunct Fall, 2015 Quiz 7 Answers and Explanations Question 1 Solar forces are always wearing down land forms using which of the following? Carbonic acid that
More informationL wave Lahar Lava Magma
Very large collapsed volcanic crater, often containing a lake eg. Lake Taupo The process which provides the force to move the tectonic plates Innermost part of the Earth, made of a liquid outer core and
More informationUnit 4 - Water. Earth s Interior. Earth s Interior. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Crust. Mantle. Core.
Unit 4 - Water How did the oceans form? What special adaptations do saltwater organisms have? Where does our water come from? How do humans affect the Earth s water? Crust Rigid outer shell of Earth Oceanic
More informationLesson 3: Understanding the Properties of Rocks
Lesson 3: Understanding the Properties of Rocks 1 Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Magma 2 I. Igneous rocks are called fire rocks and are formed either underground or above ground. A. Underground, they
More informationChapter: Earth Materials
Table of Contents Chapter: Earth Materials Section 1: Minerals Section 2: Igneous Rocks Section 3: Sedimentary Rocks Section 4: Metamorphic Rocks and the Rock Cycle 1 Minerals Common Elements Composition
More informationNatural Resources. Geology of the Hawaiian Islands. Please finish assignments. Any Questions? Class April 2004
Geology of the Hawaiian Islands Class 27 20 April 2004 Please finish assignments HW #7 You may turn it in Thursday in class. I will not accept it after that. All Virtual Field Trip quizzes. I will accept
More informationUNIT 4 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
UNIT 4 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS WHAT ARE SEDIMENTS Sediments are loose Earth materials (unconsolidated materials) such as sand which are transported by the action of water, wind, glacial ice and gravity. These
More informationWhat is a Rock? Naturally-occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter.
What is a Rock? Naturally-occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter. What is a Rock? Rocks are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed: IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC
More informationCALIFORNIA STANDARDS TEST GRADE 5 SCIENCE (Blueprint adopted by the State Board of Education 10/02)
CALIFORNIA STANDARDS TEST (Blueprint adopted by the State Board of Education 0/02) Physical Sciences 8 30 Physical Sciences Grade 5. Elements and their combinations account for all the varied types of
More informationCASE STUDY: GOLD MINING
CHAPTER 14: GEOLOGY AND NONRENEWABLE MINERALS APES 2013 1 CASE STUDY: GOLD MINING Top gold producers: South Africa, Australia, United States, and Canada Rock Removal - 5.5 metric tons (6 tons) of mineral
More informationBIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES BASICS Biogeochemical Cycle: The complete path a chemical takes through the four major components, or reservoirs, of Earth s system (atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere)
More informationI. Uniformitarianism- James Hutton s 2-part theory states: A. The geologic processes now at work were also active in the past B. The present physical
How Earth s Rocks Were Formed I. Uniformitarianism- James Hutton s 2-part theory states: A. The geologic processes now at work were also active in the past B. The present physical features of Earth were
More informationThe Cycling of Matter. Day 1
The Cycling of Matter Day 1 Objective I will learn the rock cycle is the series of processes in which rock changes from one form to another. I will learn in the water cycle, water condenses, precipitates
More informationA rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter
A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter Rocks are classified by how they are formed, their composition, and texture Rocks change over time through the rock
More informationCH 4- MINERALS OBJECTIVES: Identify characteristics and formations of minerals. Differentiate Minerals by their groups and uses STANDARDS:
OBJECTIVES: CH 4- MINERALS Identify characteristics and formations of minerals Differentiate Minerals by their groups and uses STANDARDS: MINERAL: WHAT IS A MINERAL? A naturally occurring Inorganic Solid
More informationTips for Success on a Test
Number of Incorrect: Final Grade: Parent Signature: Top Tips for Success on a Test 1. Read the following statements at least two times. 2. Circle the key words in each question/ or statement. (*Remember
More informationWeathering of Rocks. Weathering - Breakdown of rocks into pieces (sediment) 2 main types of weathering to rocks
Weathering of Rocks Weathering - Breakdown of rocks into pieces (sediment) 2 main types of weathering to rocks Mechanical weathering requires physical forces to break rocks into smaller pieces. Chemical
More informationMinerals and Rocks Chapter 20
Minerals and Rocks Chapter 20 Emily and Megan Earth System Science Interconnected Rocks and minerals Interior processes Erosion and deposition Water and air Elements of Earth by weight Made of atoms Earth
More informationEnergy and Mineral Resources
1 Energy and Mineral Resources 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Earth 9 th Edition Chapter 23 Energy & Mineral Resources: summary in haiku form Petroleum, gas, coal, uranium, et al. There's
More informationGO ON. Directions: Use the diagram below to answer question 1.
d i a g n o s t i c t e s t : e a r t h a n d s p a c e s c i e n c e question 1. 1. What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth s layers? A crust, outer core, inner core, mantle B mantle,
More informationSediment and Sedimentary rock
Sediment and Sedimentary rock Sediment: An accumulation of loose mineral grains, such as boulders, pebbles, sand, silt or mud, which are not cemented together. Mechanical and chemical weathering produces
More informationEarth and Space Science. Semester 2 Review, Part 2
Earth and Space Science Semester 2 Review, Part 2 2015 Chemical Weathering -The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. Examples that cause chemical weathering include the action of water
More information