Electronic Annex for. Northwest Africa 6693: A new type of FeO-rich achondrite with low Δ17O

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1 Electronic Annex for Northwest Africa 6693: A new type of FeO-rich achondrite with low Δ17O Paul H. Warren1, Alan E. Rubin1, Junko Isa1, Steve Brittenham2, Insu Ahn3,4 and Byeon-Gak Choi4 1 Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA , USA Glenbrook Drive, Boise, ID 83704, USA Korean Polar Research Institute, Incheon , Korea Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul , Korea Corresponding author is Warren: pwarren@ucla.edu, tel , fax Submitted to Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, May 2012 The purpose of this Electronic Annex is simply to add a variety of figures that, due to considerations of length and/or color-reproduction costs, could not be included in the regular paper.

EA-1. Low-magnification (width: 14 mm) crossed-nicols view of a fairly representative area of NWA 6693.

2 EA-1. Low-magnification (width: 14 mm) crossed-nicols view of a fairly representative area of NWA The rock is dominated by pigeonite oikocrysts, a few of which are shown here almost in their entirety: a bright blue crystal (right), a pale olivine-grey crystal (lower left), and a crystal at extinction (black, upper right). The irregular outlines of these oikocrysts, most conspicuously the two that dominate the right half of this view (i.e., the blue one and the one at extinction), suggest a corroded/embayed texture. Olivine chadacrysts are a variety of (mostly bright) colors. The section is abnormally thick, and consequently, conveniently, the extremely anhedral feldspar appears mostly as various shades of orange (instead of the normal grey), although one relatively small grain (lowercentral area, amoeboid black zone extending up into the olive-grey oikocryst) is at extinction. The round-edged black areas in the two upper corners are off-section (background glass). 1

EA-2. Low-magnification (width: 13 mm) crossed-nicols view of a fairly representative area of NWA 6926.

3 EA-2. Low-magnification (width: 13 mm) crossed-nicols view of a fairly representative area of NWA The rock is dominated by pigeonite oikocrysts, several of which have large portions of the crystal visible here as, clockwise from left: a pale bluish green crystal; a crystal along top of the view that grades from orange (its lower left) to magenta (upper right); a crystal in lower right quadrant that grades from blue (its upper right) to magenta; and a teal-colored crystal on the bottom-central part of the image. Olivine chadacrysts are a variety of (mostly bright) colors. The black areas in the two left corners are off-section (background glass). 2

4 EA-3. Contrast-enhanced version of the central portion of Fig. 8, with red ovals showing distribution of tiny merrillites, which are clustered in the same region as the fine-grained olivines (white). High contrast also reveals fine exsolution lamellae (dark grey) associated (typically, for NWA 6693) with the margins of pyroxenes. The near-black phase is Na-feldspar. 3

Cr-spinel EA-4. BSE image (width: 1.75 mm) of the End 1 area of NWA 6693. The area of Fig. 3 is shown by box.

5 Cr-spinel EA-4. BSE image (width: 1.75 mm) of the End 1 area of NWA The area of Fig. 3 is shown by box. The two largest olivines (light grey) have irregular outlines with apparently embayed margins. Other major phases are pyroxene (medium grey) and feldspar (dark grey). Blacks are voids (including cracks and larger, more equant voids that probably are pluck artifacts). Visible minor phases are awaruite metal (white) and Cr-spinel, as three typically equant grains (arrows). 4

6 EA-5. BSE image of End 1 portion of NWA 6693 showing (much like Fig. 3) pyroxene (medium grey) mantling olivine (light grey), with Cr-spinel (near-white) locally in between, and feldspar (dark grey) farther beyond the pyroxene mantle. 5

EA-6. Crossed-nicols views of region around the cluster of fine, rounded olivines shown in Fig. 8. Widths (shorter dimensions) are 6 mm (left) and 1.1 mm (right).

It is a portion of a larger optically continuous feldspar crystal (see additional outcrops below and to the left in the low-magnification image; a different feldspar, to the right of the fine olivine

7 EA-6. Crossed-nicols views of region around the cluster of fine, rounded olivines shown in Fig. 8. Widths (shorter dimensions) are 6 mm (left) and 1.1 mm (right). The fine olivine cluster is associated with a single outcrop of feldspar (light grey), but the context of that host feldspar is not obviously unusual. It is a portion of a larger optically continuous feldspar crystal (see additional outcrops below and to the left in the low-magnification image; a different feldspar, to the right of the fine olivine cluster, appears as a very pale yellow). The outcrop is between two different pigeonite oikocrysts (medium grey, orange) and close to a third oikocryst (brown). Most of the smaller, bright-colored grains are olivine, although not the yellow grain in the upper right of the low-magnification view; that is pigeonite. 6

EA-7. Crossed-nicols view (width: 9.3 mm) of the atypical End 1 region of NWA 6693.

8 EA-7. Crossed-nicols view (width: 9.3 mm) of the atypical End 1 region of NWA Of the many pigeonite crystals in this area, only two (pale beige at left, truncated mix of orange-red grading to blue near lower right corner) are oikocrysts more than 2 mm across. 7

The lower image, from NWA 6926, shows a melt inclusion within Cr-spinel (near-white).

9 EA-8. BSE images: In the upper image, from the End 1 area of NWA 6693, the main, light grey phase is pigeonite. Near-white grain in center is Cr-spinel. Dark grey anhedral phase is feldspar, which (below and to the right of the Cr-spinel) shows pincer -like partial envelopment of lobes of pigeonite. The lower image, from NWA 6926, shows a melt inclusion within Cr-spinel (near-white). This particular melt inclusion is unusual in having a second major phase (merrillite, medium grey toward top) in addition to felsic glass (darker grey). Lower left end of the inclusion plucked out during sectioning, leaving Cr-spinel that slopes below the plane of the section, and consequently appears slightly dark. 8

10 EA-9. Macroscopic view (width: 33 mm) of the olivine-rich enclave before it was used to make one of our thin sections. The enclave is the green, roughly pentagon-shaped area centered shortly below the center of the image. Unfortunately, the dark green rim along the bottom and left sides of the enclave is not definitely present in the final thin section. However, the rim is probably represented by a 0.5mm thick layer of near-pure olivine (upper left in Fig. EA-10); and perhaps also a more distal layer, roughly 1 mm thick, dominated by blocky pigeonites (white and orange in Fig. EA-11). The two grey grains shortly left of the olivine-rich enclave are probably exceptionally large Cr-spinels. Black in lower right marks the edge of the slab. 9

0.5 mm EA-10. Backscattered-electron image of the olivine-rich enclave. Olivine is light grey. The other main phases are subequal proportions of feldspar (darkest grey) and pigeonite (medium grey).

11 0.5 mm EA-10. Backscattered-electron image of the olivine-rich enclave. Olivine is light grey. The other main phases are subequal proportions of feldspar (darkest grey) and pigeonite (medium grey). Rare white grains are Cr-spinels (off-white) and awaruites (bright white). The feldspar manifests a graphic intergrowth texture, with crystal margins aligned dominantly at angles of about 70 and 330 degrees (clockwise) relative to vertical. The enclave s rim (upper left) appears to consist of a 0.5-mm thick layer of near-pure olivine, and perhaps also a more distal layer, roughly 1 mm thick, dominated by blocky pigeonites. 10

12 EA-11. Low-magnification (width: 10 mm) view of the olivine-rich enclave with partly crossed nicols. The separate olivine oikocrysts can be seen as: pink (upper left), green to grey-green (center), pink again (center-right), light blue (upper right), dark green (lower right, small in area), and lime green (also small in area, immediately above and to the right of the lower right green). As discussed in the text, the first three of these (green, pink, green) go to optical extinction together and probably originated as one large oikocryst. White and orange grains that appear to constitute an outer rim of the enclave (cf. Fig. EA-10) are pigeonites. 11

EA-12 Reflected-light, crossed nicols view of bubbles just below the surface of a polished plug sample of NWA 6693. This is a lower-magnification, wide-context counterpart to Fig. 9.

13 EA-12 Reflected-light, crossed nicols view of bubbles just below the surface of a polished plug sample of NWA This is a lower-magnification, wide-context counterpart to Fig. 9. Additional relatively large bubbles are visible near the top end of the large feldspar, and a few more are scattered within the adjacent mafic silicate grains. Hexagonal dark grey grain just below scale bar is Cr-spinel. 12

50 μm 25 μm EA-13. Transmitted-light views of a cluster of mostly parallel-aligned bubbles within NWA 6693.

The southwest tip of the bubble cluster extends into pigeonite (light bluish-gray).

14 50 μm 25 μm EA-13. Transmitted-light views of a cluster of mostly parallel-aligned bubbles within NWA The main host phase, reddish-orange in the upper, crossed-nicols view, is albitic feldspar. The southwest tip of the bubble cluster extends into pigeonite (light bluish-gray). Perceptible at close inspection of the higher magnification, uncrossed-nicols image are fine planar lamellae, parallel to the prevailing orientation of the bubble cluster, within the feldspar. 13

EA-14. BSE image showing exsolution along with complex shock-mobilized feldspar and Cr-spinel features within a NWA 6693 pyroxene. Most of image (medium grey) is low-ca pyroxene.

15 EA-14. BSE image showing exsolution along with complex shock-mobilized feldspar and Cr-spinel features within a NWA 6693 pyroxene. Most of image (medium grey) is low-ca pyroxene. Within it are scattered blebs and lamellae (red ovals) of augite. Feldspar, or feldspar-like glass (very dark grey), is difficult to distinguish from void space. The approximately diagonal black feature that trends NNE-SSW near the center of the image is a large crack; and a few other small cracks, and equant-shaped voids, are present. Linear feature A and the many linear dark features parallel to A (blue ovals) are almost entirely feldspar, probably shock-injected into the pyroxene. Note that many of the feldspar veins appear to have been broken and displaced by a few micrometers. Also, the A feldspar vein may be related, through a discontinuous series of shorter veins that trend clockwise, to the B vein. The alignment of the B vein appears (uniquely, in this area; however, cf. Fig. EA-15) parallel with the augite exsolution lamellae. Orange oval indicates a train of tiny Crspinels, a very common feature in NWA

16 EA-15. BSE image showing shock-mobilized feldspar (or feldspar-like glass) and long narrow voids (bubbles?) within a NWA 6693 pyroxene. The image s high brightness setting makes pyroxene appear light grey, while feldspar is medium grey, and easily distinguishable from void space (black). Large white grains are olivine. Note that the feldspar veins and elongate voids are generally discontinuous, and these features, as well as some narrow cleavage cracks, show closely similar (near-vertical) alignment. 15

EA-16. Color images of two NWA 6693 pyroxene overgrowth grains. Views are 1.7 mm wide, planepolarized light on the left, crossed nicols on the right, and correspond to greyscale images in Fig. 11.

17 EA-16. Color images of two NWA 6693 pyroxene overgrowth grains. Views are 1.7 mm wide, planepolarized light on the left, crossed nicols on the right, and correspond to greyscale images in Fig. 11. In the upper right image, the overgrowth mantle appears as a slightly greenish shade of grey; it almost surrounds a core that is mostly blue, along with (near the overgrowth contact) some red and beige. In the lower right image, the overgrowth appears a light-medium grey; it occurs only on the left and bottom side of the core, which is light orange. The darker orange above and to the right of the core is a distinct pigeonite crystal; its orange color is probably mere coincidence. In both these cases (although not for all NWA 6693 overgrowth grains), the optical extinction angle is precisely the same for the overgrowth-mantle as for the core. 16

18 T (ºC), based on olivine Ca content ureilites LEW Brachina 1100 brachinites 1000 NWA NWA 6693 MIL HED intrusives lunar intrusives Divnoe olivine Fo (mol%) EA-17. Temperature of equilibration based on Ca partitioning between olivine and clinopyroxene [method of Köhler and Brey, 1990], with results for NWA 6693 and a variety of other intrusive or restititic extraterrestrial igneous rocks. 17

This work follows the international standard nomenclature (IUGS) in naming the

CHAPTER FIVE: PETROGRAPHY This work follows the international standard nomenclature (IUGS) in naming the different Platreef rock types. It should be noted that new lithologies not described in chapter